Naphezu kokuthi amazambane ayengathandwa yilabo bonke abantu, ngoba yayisetshenziswe ngokungalungile, namhlanje kungenye yemikhiqizo eyintandokazi yabantu abaningi. Kusukela ngesisekelo saso akuyona nje into ejabulisayo, kodwa nezitsha ezinempilo zilungiselelwe. Cabanga ngesinye sezimele zalezi zinhlobonhlobo, ezitholakala ngenxa yomsebenzi wabalimi.
Ukuzala
Izinhlobonhlobo "Melody" zadalwa eHolland. Namuhla uye wadlula ezivivinyweni emazweni amaningi futhi ubizwa ukuba abe ukuhlukahluka okuphumelelayo ngombono ophezulu. Kubonakala ukuthi kusukela ezinhlwini eziphakeme ezithengwa kwi-agrofirm eyaziwa ngemuva kokuthola isivuno sokuqala, indaba ekhishwayo ingasetshenziswa iminyaka emithathu.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ungalokothi ulahlekelwe izimfanelo ezihlukahlukene futhi uholele ekunqotjweni kwezifo, kunconywa njalo njalo ngonyaka wesi-4 ukushintsha isayithi lokufika nokutshala izinto ezintsha zokutshala.
Incazelo ye-botanical
Kuphakathi kwebanga. Ukuze uhlukanise nabanye abamele, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi umehluko onjani.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinama-oval ezinezikhumba eziphuzile. Ubuningi be-tuber eyodwa buhluka kusuka ku-100-175 g. 
Inyama ithambile, ngesikhathi sokucubungula okushisayo ngokushesha kuphekwe. Ngokwesilinganiso, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingafika ku-10 zakhiwa esihlahleni esisodwa.
Izihlahla
Misa izihlahla. Bakha amaqabunga amakhulu ombala ocebile ohlaza, onomphetho owenziwe kancane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-inflorescences avela obomvu-obomvu.
Ezinye izici ezihlukahlukene
Amazambane "Melody" - ezihlukahlukene ezikhiqizayo. Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo, kanye nesethulo sayo, ukuhamba ngezinkinga ezingenazinkinga nokugcina kahle, sekuye kwadumile phakathi kwabalimi.
Uyazi? UMarie Antoinette wahlobisa amazambane ngezinwele zakhe. ULouis XVI wasebenzisa lawo ma-boutonnieres. Ngemva kwalokho, izimbali zathandwa phakathi kwamakhosikazi.
Izifo zokuphikisa
Kuyaziwa ukuthi amazambane alezi zinhlobonhlobo anikezwe ukumelana no:
- Umdlavuza we-pathotype;
- i-nematode yegolide e-cyst-forming;
- umlenze omnyama;
- ukulimala kwesikhathi.
Inkathazo eyinhloko yamazambane yi-Colorado amazambane amazambane. Thola ukuthi yiziphi izindlela ezithandwayo zokulwa nezinambuzane kanye nokubhubhisa i-beetle ngokusebenzisa izinambuzane "i-Commodore", "i-Prestige", i- "Corado", "Tanrek", "i-Confidor".
Ukucubungula nokukhiqiza
Izinhlobonhlobo "Melody" inezinga eliphezulu lokuvunwa. Ngokwesilinganiso, izinkomba zezinkomba zivela kuma-centered 200-300 ngehektha ngalinye. Ukuvuna kungaqoqwa kakade izinsuku ezingu-110 emva kokutshala.
Ukuzithoba
Ibanga elithi "Melody" lisebaholi bezokuthengisa. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokubukeka okuhle, ukuthuthwa okuphezulu nokumelana nanoma imuphi umonakalo. Izinga lokuthengiswa yi-90%. Ubuningi bukhulu - 95%.
Imithetho yokufika
Okuningi kuxhomeke ekufanelekeni kokufika. Ngakho njengokungathi ukukwenza ngesikhathi esingalungile noma ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingakalungi, ngenxa yalokho, isivuno singadumazeka. Cabanga ngalokho okudingeka ukwazi ngaphambi kokutshala lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamazambane.
Isikhathi esiphelele
Isikhathi sokufika esiphezulu kunazo zonke ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ukuze uthole umphumela ogcwele, kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi ithiswe ekushiseni kuka-8 ° C ngokujula kwe-11 cm. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, izithombo zizoqala ukukhula ngokushesha, kanti izitshalo ngeke zisengozini. Izimo ezinhle kunazo zonke zigcinwa ngoMeyi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo inani elifanele lomswakama ligcinwe emhlabeni.
Izinhlobo zokuvuna zifaka amazambane "Rocco", "iNdlovukazikazi Anne", "Inhlanhla", "Cherry".
Ukukhetha indawo
Indawo kufanele ibe ekhanyayo futhi ivulekele. Uma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze, bese wenza imibhede ephakeme, futhi mhlawumbe ubeke amathanga amancane.
Abanduleli abalungile nababi
Ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu, kubalulekile ukugcina ukujikelezwa kwezitshalo. I-Lupins, i-herbs eqhubekayo kanye nonyaka, noma yiziphi izitshalo zasebusika, kanye ne-flax kanye ne-legumes kubhekwa njengababikezeli abalungile bamazambane. Izibikezelo ezimbi zihlanganisa nanoma yisiphi isitshalo se-nightshade.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi emva kokutshala kusayithi, ngakho kukhona ukuvunwa okuningi.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
Inhlabathi yokukhula kwamazambane amahle kufanele ibe ngokulinganayo acidic. Ukuze uzuze lo mphumela, kunconywa ukuthi ungeze umlotha. Ebeleni, bahlaba umhlaba, benezela umanyolo. Entwasahlobo, ngemuva kweqhwa, liphinde lengeze ukugqoka futhi likhulule kancane.
Ukulungiselela kokutshala izinto
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela imbewu yokulimala kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zesifo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyizicucu kanye nezinempilo ezilingana no-+/- 5 cm zikhethwa ukutshala.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukukhula okusebenzayo kuhambelana nesiphakamiso sesifo esilimazayo. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kunconywa ukuphatha lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa ngezindlela ezikhethekile.
Isu nokujula kokufika
Ukufika kuqhutshwa ngokuya kwe-scheme 70 x 35 cm. Isivuno esiphezulu siphumelele ngokufika kwezingodo ezingu-300 nge 50 m2. Ukujula kwemithombo kubalwa kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lomhlaba:
- Ukukhanya komhlaba - ukujula okungama-7 cm.
- Umhlaba we-Sandy nokukhanya - ukujula kwe-10 cm.
Kubalulekile! Uma kungenzeka ukuthi amanzi atholakalayo ayatholakala, ochwepheshe batusa ukutshala ukuthi kungabikho izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlukene lapho zihlwanyela. Uma kunesidingo sokutshala impahla, lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zenziwa zibe izingcezu ezinkulu.
Indlela yokunakekela
Ukunakekela amazambane akufani nezezinye izitshalo. Bakudinga futhi ukuphuza, ukugqoka, ukuhluma kanye nokwehla.
Ungathola isivuno esihle samazambane usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokutshalwa kweDutch, futhi ngokutshala amazambane ngaphansi kosizi akukho sidingo sokhula futhi siwufake esikhathini esizayo.
Ukunisela
Njengeminye imifino, amazambane adinga umswakama. Amanzi ambalwa adingekayo - angabalwa ngabanye, ngokusekelwe enhlabathini lapho isivuno sempande sikhula khona. Uma inkathi idlulile, khona-ke asikho isidingo esinamandla somswakama owengeziwe, futhi uma kunemvula encane, ukuphuza kuyadingeka. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, izinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba umhlaba usomile ngokuphelele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izinhlobonhlobo "Melody" zidinga ukulandela imithetho yokulima:
- I-autumn yokumba nge-add compost noma i-humus ngesilinganiso se-5 kg nge-1 m2. Kanti futhi wenze umanyolo we-potash ne-phosphate.
- Entwasahlobo bahlaba futhi umhlaba, kuphela umanyolo (ammonium nitrate ne-ammonium sulfate) asetshenziselwa ivolumu kabili.
Weeding futhi ukhululeke inhlabathi
Amazambane alezi zinhlobonhlobo, kanye nezinye izitshalo, zidinga ukukhishwa okuhlelekile kwezwe nokuqeda ukhula. Kubonakala ukuthi kunokhula oluningi kakhulu, inani lezilimo eziyizigaxa liyehliswa kakhulu.
Hilling
Ukuze izilimo eziyizigaxa ziqale ngamanani amaningi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo izitshalo azishiswa ngukushisa, kubalulekile ukuhamba ngezikhathi. Eyokuqala yenziwa lapho izitshalo zikhula 10 cm, kanti lesibili emva kwezinyanga ezimbili.
Funda imithetho yezintambo zamazambane.
I-VIDEO: IZINDABA ZABANTU
Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo
Ukuze amazambane angaguli nge phytophtora, impahla yokutshala kumele ikhethwe ngokucophelela, emva kwalokho izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele zithathwe:
- Ukwelashwa kwembewu nge-agent ye-antifungal.
- Ukuchithwa kwemithi ye-Bordeaux liquid.
- Ngengozi yokutheleleka, izihlahla ziphathwa nge-Arcedil noma i-stimulator yokukhula.
- Abaphikisi bemithi yamakhemikhali bangasebenzisa ukumnika i-garlic noma isisombululo sebisi.
Uyazi? E-France, thengisa enye yezinhlobo zezimpande ezibizayo. Amazambane "La Bonnotte" abiza ama-euro angu-500 nge kilogram.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukuvuna kuqala emva kokususwa kwezingodo kanye nokubonakala kwesikhumba esinamazinyo ezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ungagcina izinyanga ezingu-8. Ngaphansi kwemithetho yokugcina ngalesi sikhathi akufanele ikhule amahlumela. Izimpawu zamazambane zihlangabezana nezidingo zokudayiswa kwabantu abaningi ngaphambi kokugeza nokupakisha.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ungayigcina kanjani kahle amazambane emiphongolweni, endlini, endlini engaphansi, emgodini.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Cabanga ngezimfanelo ezinhle nezinhle zamazambane "Melody".
Izinzuzo:
- Izinga eliphezulu le-starch, elizungeze u-15%.
- Izinkomba zokunambitheka ziphakeme, ziphikelela phakathi nesikhathi sokugcina.
- Ibanga lisetshenziselwa izitsha ezahlukene nokucubungula.
- Inani lenkinga eyomile likuvumela ukuthi wenze inkomishi eyomile.
- Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kokushisa, i-pulp ayifuni.
Izinkinga:
- Akufanelekile ukudoba okujulile.
Ukwazi umehluko amazambane aseMelody anikezwa ngawo, nokuthi ungakukhulisa kanjani kahle, ungathola isivuno esihle endaweni yakini futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo qiniseka ukuthi akukho makhemikhali asetshenziselwe ukukhula.
