Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abanikazi bama-dachas, abangenayo inhlanhla yokwanela kwamanzi, bacabange ngombuzo wokuthola umthombo wamanzi. Kulesi simo, okukhethwa kukho kuphela yi-horizons engaphansi komhlaba. Ukuze unqume ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwakhiwa kwamanzi okumele ukhethe - umthombo noma umthombo, umuntu kufanele athole izinzuzo kanye nokungahleleki komunye wabo.
Kuhle futhi kahle: umehluko
Ake sicabangele izindleko, ubunzima besondlo kanye nokulula ukusetshenziswa komthombo kahle, kanye nokuphila komsebenzi kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi kufanele kubalwe kuzo zombili izimo.
Intengo
Ngenxa yokungabi khona kwesidingo sokubamba kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini enzima, ukwakhiwa komthombo kuyodla kancane kakhulu. Futhi ngisho noma upheqa amanzi emthonjeni hhayi ngesandla, kodwa ngepom, izindleko zawo aziqhathanisi namanani wemishini efanele.
Izindleko zalowo mthombo zixhomeke ekujuleni kwayo futhi, ngokufanele, inombolo edingekayo yamasongo. Namuhla, enye indandatho yekhonkri isilinganiso sama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili, futhi ukumba kwayo enhlabathini enamandla yobumba kungama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15. Isibonelo, ngomthombo onamamitha angu-12 ubude udinga izindandatho ezingu-15. Ngakho-ke, lesi "turnkey" esihle sizobiza cishe ama-ruble angu-65-70 ayizinkulungwane.
Izindleko zokusetha umthombo zixhomeke ekujuleni kokushisa. Iphinde ibonise isikhathi sonyaka kanye nemishini esetshenzisiwe. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nezindleko zokuthenga ukukhwabanisa, i-tip kanye nepompo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nomklamo we-landscape, izandla zobuciko kanye nezithombe zensimu, okungukuthi, funda indlela yokwenza ingadi yembali kusuka emasondo amashayi noma amatshe, i-wattle, i-gabions, i-rock arias, i-ladybugs, isithango semibhede.
Ngokuvamile, izindleko zokugaya imitha eyodwa yomthombo, eyenziwa ochwepheshe bokugaya, ziqala kusukela ku-1.8 000 rublebhu ezinamapayipi ensimbi angama-4.5 amamitha aqinile futhi ahlanganiswe ndawonye. Futhi ihlala ihlala ingakhathaliseki ukujula okudingekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mthombo kufanele uhlome ipompo, okumele uyikhokhe kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30. Khona-ke inani lentengo lomthombo lizoqala kusukela kumanani ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu. Ukusebenzisa amanzi ngenhloso yokuphuza, umthombo kufanele uhlome uhlelo lokuhlunga, intengo ezoba yi-ruble ka-50-250 ayizinkulungwane.
Uyazi? Nakuba ubuso buka-70% bomhlaba bumbozwa ngamanzi, ku-1% kuphela okusha. Inkinga yokuntuleka kwemithombo yanda kakhulu ngonyaka. Eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu edlule emhlabeni wabhala izingxabano ezingaphezu kuka-500 ezihlobene nokufinyelela kwamanzi okuphuza, kanti ezingu-21 zazo zaphela ngobudlova.
Ukusetshenziswa
Kuhle - Indlela endala yokukhipha amanzi emithonjeni engaphansi komhlaba. Kuyinto ehlukahlukene kakhulu futhi yenza imisebenzi yayo ngisho nangabe kungabikho ugesi, kulokhu, amanzi angatholakala ngebhakede elivamile.
Kodwa-ke, lo mthombo unesilinganiso esinqunyiwe sogesi, isilinganiso sama-150-250 amalitha ngehora. Ngakho-ke, uma udinga ukugcina indawo enkulu, ikakhulukazi ngenani elikhulu lezikhala eziluhlaza noma echibini lokubhukuda, le nombolo ingase inganele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthombo ongajulile ogciniwe phezu kombhobho wamanzi uncike ngokuphelele emvuleni futhi ungase ungajulile esimweni esomile.
Izindwangu ze-artesian zinezinto ezingenakuphela, futhi ngeke ukhawulelwe ekutheni noma ezinye izidingo zezomnotho. Kodwa uma uvala ugesi ukuze uthole uketshezi kusuka kukholomu ngeke kwenzeke. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ungabi esimweni esinjalo, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka nge-generator yokuzimela kagesi noma umthamo wesitoreji, okuyinto, ngokwemvelo, iyoholela ezindlebeni ezinkulu nakakhulu.
Izinkinga zokushiya
Umthombo kufanele usetshenziswe njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho eminyakeni engu-3-4 uzoqala ukuthutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ihlanzwe futhi ihlanzwe okungenani kabili ngonyaka, futhi uma kudingekile, iphinde iphathwe ngama-disinfectants.
Asikho isidingo sokuhlanza kahle; kukhona isihlungi salokhu.. Ukumnakekela kuphela ukuqapha ukusebenza kahle kwemishini.
Ukuze uhlele ingaphakathi le-cottage, sincoma ukuthi sifunde kanjani ukufaka umshini wokukhanyisa, uwenze ngokwakho futhi ufake umshini wokushisa wamanzi, uphinde ususe upende omdala nokumhlophe, ukugcoba ugwadule bese ubamba iphepha lodonga, ukwenza isahluko se-plasterboard ngendonga noma izindonga ze-plasterboard.
Imfanelo yamanzi
Ngokungafani nekholomu, amanzi ahlanzekile ngeke abe nokunambitheka okunomsoco. Kodwa-ke, isimo sezemvelo sendawo esungezile singathinta izinga layo. Ngokuvamile ukujula komfula kuyimitha engama-5 ukuya kwangu-25. Lokhu akunjalo, ngakho-ke kungase kuwele imvula, amanzi angcolile kusuka kumabhizinisi aseduze noma kumanyolo wamakhemikhali avela emapulazini.
Amanzi asuka emthonjeni angcono kakhulu, ngoba atholakala kuma-horizons ajulile. Amanzi asentwasahlobo ahlale ehlonishwa ukuhlanzeka kwawo futhi azuze; aqukethe ama-nitrate namanoni ezinsimbi ezilimazayo. Futhi ngenxa yomlomo ovaliwe womthombo, amaqabunga, izinambuzane, amaxoxo noma uhlobo oluthile lodoti angangeni kuwo. Noma kunjalo, la manzi angase abe ne-aftertaste ensimbi noma enamandla.
Kubalulekile! Cabanga ukuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba empeleni ezobuchwepheshe. Futhi ukuze ulethe izinga lokuphuza, kudingekile ukuhlanzwa okudingekayo, isibonelo, ngesistimu yokuhlunga.
Ukusebenza komsebenzi
Ukuhlelwa kahle kahle kuyokwenza imisebenzi yayo njalo iminyaka engama-30-50. Isibambiso somsebenzi wakhe omude - ukunakekelwa nokuhlanza ngesikhathi.
I-well arranged kuhle izokusiza isikhathi esanele - okungenani iminyaka engu-25, kuye ngokuthi imishini ekhethiwe, ukugcinwa, izimo zokusebenza kanye nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali oketshezi nomhlabathi. Imithombo yama-Artesian inokuhlala isikhathi eside - kuze kube yiminyaka engu-50.
Izinhlobo zemithombo: izinzuzo zabo nokuqapha
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemithombo, kuye ngokuthi ukujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.:
- umgodi;
- abyssinian
Funda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani isitimela sokuphampa ukunikeza, ukuqhuba amanzi endlini bese ufake ukugeleza-ngokusebenzisa amanzi okushisa.
Imayini
Uma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba angatholakali ngokujulile futhi akudingeki ukuba kube nemigomo yawo emikhulu, kwanele ukusika umgodi ngesandla, uqinise izindonga zawo futhi uhlele i-cap. Kulesi simo, uthola idivaysi yohlobo lwami, owaziwa nobaba bethu. Futhi izinto zokwakha zesimanje zizokwenza kube yithembeke futhi ihlale ihlala njalo.
Injalo kahle ithatha amanzi e-aquifer eseduze. Ezimweni eziningi, lo mthombo ugoba ngesandla, khona-ke umhlaba uphonswa, futhi izindonga zemayini ziqiniswa ngezindandatho zokukhonkolo, ukuqeda impahla (itshe, isitini) noma ukhuni (larch, pine, oak).
Uma ugoba umthombo, ungcwatshwa ungqimba oluqinile ngaphansi kwe-aquifer. Ikhemikhali liphuma ngesandla noma ngepompi kagesi. Ihamba kancane kancane kusukela ema-horizons futhi iqoqa emthonjeni ngesamba esithile. Uma ukhetha wonke amanzi emthonjeni, lowo omusha uzofika ngemuva kwesikhashana.
Izinzuzo zomthombo wamayini:
- ubunzima obuphansi kakhulu kanye nentengo;
- sebenze ngokungabi khona kagesi;
- ukunakekelwa okulula ngenxa yobubanzi obukhulu;
- kulula ukusebenza.
Izinkinga:
- ukunikezwa okulinganiselwe kwamanzi;
- amathuba okungcola kwamanzi;
- isidingo sokuhlanza izindonga nezansi;
- amathuba okubhujiswa komthombo ekushiseni
Abyssinian
Isambatho esihle kangaka, lapho kungekho sidingo sokuba nomthombo onamandla. Igama laso lesibili yisinaliti ye-borehole. Akudingi imishini esindayo noma umhlaba omkhulu, ugujwa ngesandla ukubhoboza noma ngosizo lwezinto ezihlangene.
Idivayisi yomthombo onjengaleyo ukufaka ipayipi yesigaba esincane esiphambene (kuze kufike ku-4 cm) kuya ekujuleni kwamanzi angaphezulu. Ukuze ukucwiliswa kangcono kwephayiphi emhlabathini, ifakwe iphoyinti elinobuciko elinomthamo wamasentimitha angu-4-5 ubukhulu kunomkhawulo wepayipi uqobo. Kulesi simo, ingxenye engezansi yepayipi ifakwe isihlungi esivikela ukungcola. Leli ketshezi linikezwe phezulu ngepompo eliziqhayisa.
Ukuze ulondoloze ukushisa ekhaya lakho, sikululeka ukuthi ufunde ukufudumala amafenisha ebusika bese ukhetha isitofu sokushisa.
Ukujula okuphezulu komthombo wase-Abyssini kunamamitha ayi-12-13. Umthombo onjalo ungafakwa kunoma iyiphi indawo elula, ugweme ukusondela kwamanzi okuthutha amanzi noma abaqoqi bamanzi. Futhi endaweni yokudla kwamanzi akufanele ihlangabezane nobumba, ukuze ungagcini isihlungi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inaliti efanele kufanele igcinwe ebusika: qeda ipompo, uchithe amanzi, ufake ipulaki emthonjeni.
Izinzuzo:
- amanzi amaningi kunomthombo wamanzi;
- ukulula komklamo;
- izindleko eziphansi;
- amanzi ahlanzekile kunemvelo evamile.
Izinkinga:
- ayisebenzi ngaphandle kwegesi;
- kudingeka ukulondolozwa ebusika.
Uyazi? Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi amanzi anciphisa ingozi engaba khona yokuhlasela kwenhliziyo. Kutholakale ukuthi abantu abaphuza izibuko eziyisithupha zamanzi ahlanzekile ngosuku abanamathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo kunabo abaphuza izibuko ezimbili kuphela.
Izinhlobo zemithombo emihle nezinzuzo zabo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithombo - isanti ne-artesian. Ake sibheke ukuthi zihluke kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga ezikhona kulezi zinhlobo.
Sand (isihlungi)
Ukuzikhethela komthombo onjalo ukuthi wenziwa enhlabathini enhlabathini. Ukujula kwalo kungafinyelela kumamitha angu-30, futhi isikhathi sokuphila esiphezulu sineminyaka engu-15. Nakuba umkhuba ubonisa ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso lesi sibonakaliso sineminyaka engaba ngu-7, okuyinto enye yezinselele zaloluhlobo lwentengiso.
Enye indlela yokunciphisa ukuhlinzekwa okulinganiselwe kwe-liquid - cishe amalitha angu-500 ngehora kanye nekhwalithi yayo engeyona eliphezulu kakhulu ngenxa yezulu emanzini ase-aquifer. Kodwa-ke, abawutholi ipayipu yamanzi engcolile, ngakho-ke amanzi azobe ngcono kangcono kukhwalithi ngaphandle kokuphuma emthonjeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze ugweme ukuthulisa, kufanele isetshenziswe njalo.
Kodwa-ke, uma siqhathanisa ne-artesian, izinzuzo zihlanganisa: izindleko eziphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwemishini encane, isikhathi esifushane sokwakha kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwensimbi.
I-Artesian
Ipayipi noma i-artesian ibizwa ngokuthi imayini enamamitha angaphezu kwama-20, okuyinto ethatha amanzi kusuka ungqimba yobuciko, okuyinto ephakathi emkhatsini izingqimba ezimbili ezingenawo amanzi. Umsebenzi onjalo wenziwa kuphela ngosizo lwemishini esindayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukujula kwe-drill kungafinyelela kumamitha angu-200. Umthombo we-artesian ukhiqiza isilinganiso samamitha ayi-cubic amabili wamanzi ngehora futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezihle kungadlula iminyaka engama-50.
Umthombo ngokwawo uqukethe ipulasitiki noma i-metal casing, i-caisson, i-pumping imishini kanye nezinhlelo zokuzenzekelayo. Wonke umsebenzi wokwakhiwa nokuxhumeka kwawo kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ochwepheshe.
Kuzosiza abanikazi bezindlu zezwe, izindlu zasehlobo, kanye nabakhileyo emkhakheni wangasese emadolobheni indlela yokwenza indlela yokukhanda izinkuni, izindlela zokukhonkolo, ukwakha ifomu lokwenza isisekelo socingo, ukwenza ucingo oluvela ku-gabions, ucingo oluvela ku-grid-link link, kanye nendlela yokwakha i-verandah , ichibi, indlu yangasese yenza wena ngokwakho.
Amanzi ase-Artesian ngokuvamile anekhwalithi enhle kakhulu ngenxa yokuvikelwa okuthembekile ekungcoleni komhlaba. Ikwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zendlu yangasese. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuphuza amanzi ngenhloso yokuphuza, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali futhi, ngokuya ngemiphumela yayo, ufake uhlelo lokuhlanza.
Izinzuzo:
- ukusebenza okuphezulu;
- ikhwalithi yamanzi omuhle;
- ukuqina kwesakhiwo;
- ukusetshenziswa okungavamile kuvunyelwe.
- izindleko eziphezulu zomsebenzi nemishini;
- amanzi aphezulu okusawoti;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kukagesi;
- ukuhluleka ukuhlanza uma kwenzeka u-silting.
Kubalulekile! Ngisho nokuhle okulula kwehlobo lomayini kungcono ukuthi ungazibambi, kepha ukumema ochwepheshe. Ngoba kukhona ingozi yokuqhuma endaweni okuthiwa "i-float", engabangela usizi.
Indlela yokwenza ukukhetha: fingqa
Ukuze unqume indlela yokukhipha amanzi ezweni, udinga ukuhlaziya izici eziningana:
- levelwater level;
- inani lamanzi adingekayo ekhaya;
- amathuba empahla;
- ikhono lokufaka imishini yokudonsa.
Ukubuyekeza okuvela ku-intanethi
