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Indlela yokutshala nokukhula i-teasel

Hhayi ngokushesha, kodwa ungakwazi ukuqagela ukuthi igama lesihlahla "teasel" livela igama elithi "inqwaba". Kodwa-ke, uma ungazi kusengaphambili, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuqagela ukuthi izindawo zezinqwaba azihlobene nesitshalo ngokwazo, kodwa ezintweni eziye zaphathwa ngazo. Okucacile kakhulu ngemisebenzi yangaphambili yalokhu utshani iboniswa ngenye igama layo - i-cone ye-nap. Ngemuva kwesikhathi eside ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezobuciko okwakudlulisela phambili i-teasel ukuba isule emsebenzini, manje lesi sitshalo esithakazelisayo sisefesheni, kodwa manje ngenxa yemfanelo yayo yokuklama.

Incazelo ye-botanical

Le isithombo sineminyaka emibili ubudala noma ihlala isikhathi eside, ikhuphuka emhlabathini kusuka kumamitha amabili kuya kwesigamu ngesiza sesitshalo elimbozwe ngameva noma, kuye ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo, uhlobo lwe-crystals. Amaqabunga anjengesikhumba ahlotshiswe ngokujulile futhi anameva. Izimbali ze-teasel zincane kepha ziningi futhi zinemibala ehlukahlukene nge-yellow ephuzi kuze kube yilapho ivela khona.

Izimbali, ezihlanganiswe zibe ama-inflorescence ezinama-cone, zifakwa kuma-peduncles amade, lapho ziqhakazile khona emagagasi, zikhuphuka nge-cone-spruce phezulu futhi phansi. Izilinganiso eziguquguqukayo zezinsimbi, ezihlonyelwe ekugcineni ngezingwegwe, futhi zaba yithuluzi eliyinhloko labo abasebenza ngezindwangu esikhathini esidlule abasebenzisa ukubopha izinwele zoboya.

Uyazi? Ngaphandle kwezimboni zalesi sitshalo bekungeke kube khona i-velvet, akukho flannel, ayikho ipulazi, ayikho i-drape, noma i-velveteen. Ngisho nezitshalo ze-high tech ezisezingeni eliphezulu zezinyosi zezinqwaba azikaze zikwazi ukuzishintsha ngokuphelele ekukhiqizeni izindwangu ezinezinqwaba.

Ukusabalalisa nokuhlala

Njengoba ikhula ezindaweni zayo ezihlala kuyo eYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika, i-teasel yafinyelela kancane kokubili eMelika, yashada ne-Australia, iNew Zealand kanye neSouth Africa.

Izinhlobo ze-teasel zensimu manje zitholakala ezweni elihle, imifula, imifino yemifino, imifula kanye nemifula, emaphethelweni ehlathi, emigwaqeni, emadlelweni kanye nama-glades. Okusho ukuthi, likhula cishe yonke indawo. I-teasel, umkhankaso wokuhlwanyela, njengoba igama liphakamisa, likhula lapho abantu balihlwanyela khona.

Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-teasel

Nakuba abalimi abangenasikhathi sebevame ukuvuna izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300 zalesi sitshalo, namuhla izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-teasel zithandwa: izitshalo zokutshala nezensimu, okuyihlathi.

  1. Ukuhlwanyela, ukunikeza i-bump kumuntu, kwakudingeka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqala kokusebenza okusebenzayo kokukhiqizwa kwezindwangu zoboya nezobotini. Ngesizo salo, kukhishwa izinwele, isibonelo, ama-flannels adumile kanye ne-drapes. Khona-ke impinduko yezobuchwepheshe yashintsha izimboni zemvelo ngokulingana kwayo, futhi isitshalo esitshalwe ngokushesha saqala ukulahlekelwa indawo yayo elangeni. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukukhiqizwa kwebhuku lamakhilogremu aphezulu kakhulu nanamuhla, izinqwaba zezinyosi ezinamahlumela abo obucayi futhi obunamathengi abukeka bekhetheka kakhulu kunabo abasebenzisana nensimbi. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo, olufinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili, lunikeza cishe ngamashumi amabili, ububanzi obungamamitha ayishumi ubude, ama-cones, abathandekayo ngabaqambi bangaphakathi nabacwaningi. Futhi imbewu ye-teasel yaba izinyoni ezicula kakhulu.
  2. Inkambu, ngokungafani ne-congener yayo yamasiko, kubonakala kuvelele futhi kunesayizi encane. Ephakathi kwehlobo, libhola elimhlophe, elibomvu, elibomvu futhi liwumthombo wokulungiselela imithi ethile yokuphulukisa emithi yokwelapha.

Izinhlelo zezokwelapha

Nakuba i-teasel ingabhaliswa ku-pharmacopy futhi ukubunjwa kwayo akukaze kwacwaningwa ngokucophelela ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, ezinye izakhi zayo ziyaziwa. Isibonelo, libala ukuthi kukhona ama-iridoid, okuchaza izakhiwo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-diuretic kanye ne-diaphoretic yesitshalo, kanye nezimfanelo zayo eziphikisana nokuvuvukala nokubulala amagciwane. Ikhono lokuphulukisa amanxeba nokuvimbela ukuvuvukala utshani liphoqelekile ukuba i-flavonoids ekhona kulo.

Abahlengikazi bendabuko basebenzisa i-teasel uma:

  • izinqubo zokuvuvukala;
  • isifo sofuba nezinye izifo zamaphalenda;
  • i-rheumatism;
  • i-gout;
  • izifo zesistimu ye-genitourinary;
  • i-dermatosis;
  • i-eczema;
  • i-psoriasis;
  • i-arthritis;
  • izimpawu zobuhlungu;
  • ukuphuka esikhumbeni;
  • Ukubheka emva kokulunywa kwezinambuzane;
  • ukuphazamiseka kwemithi;
  • ibanda;
  • izilonda emaphethelweni emathunjini;
  • ukuvuvukala.
Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yolwazi olunganele lwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zokwelapha zalesi sitshalo, akukona ukuthi kunconywa ukuthi akusetshenziswanga ukusebenzisa amakhambi omuthi ozokwelapha emkhakheni wawo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nabamnakekeli.

Ukusetshenziswa

Ngaphandle kokuthi lesi sitshalo siyisitshalo esihle kakhulu senyosi, lapho abalimi behlonipha ikakhulukazi, kubuye kube nokuhlobisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ikhulile ngokukhethekile njengembali eyomile, etholakala endaweni yezimbali ezinomile, futhi njengento evelele ehlobisa isimo esiseduze.

Hlola uhlu lwezinyosi ezinhle kakhulu zezinyosi zakho.

Emklamo wezwe

Ama-Amber angaboni ekubukeni kwekwindla ekhangayo kakhulu ngokumelene neqhwa elimhlophe ensimini yasebusika, ngokuphawulekayo okwehlisa umhlaba. Babonakala bebusika ebusika ezindaweni ezifanayo zemibhede nezintshani, lapho bakhula khona ehlobo futhi bahlobisa isayithi nge-inflorescences emhlophe, ekhanyayo ephuzi, ephuzi nephuphu. Ukubukeka okunomthelela kakhulu kwe-bouasta owomile we-teasel emabhodleleni asegadini esizinda semhlophe esimhlophe.

Kuzochungechunge

Ama-cones alesi sitshalo adinga kakhulu phakathi kwezimbali ezizakhele izimbali ezomile zazo nezinhlobonhlobo ezihle kakhulu ezihlobisa izindlu zokuhlala nezakhiwo.

Sikukwazisa ukuba uzijwayele izici zokutshala izimbali ezinhle kakhulu ehhovisi: i-monstera, i-zamiokulkasa, i-violets, i-spathiphyllum, i-chlorophytum, i-dieffenbachia, i-ficus.

Umthunzi omnyama wemvelo we-bracts we-teasel uhlanganiswa yizo zonke izinhlobo zembala ezitholakala uma upenda izigaxa:

  • i-mascara;
  • ama-watercolor;
  • inkinobho;
  • umbala wokudla;
  • i-bleach;
  • i-aniline idayi.
Ngesikhathi samaholide omnyaka omusha, i-teasel iqhuma isisombululo saline ibukeka imangalisa kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi iqala ukukhanya ngamakhadi akasawoti emakhazeni, njengokungathi ihlanganiswe neqhwa.

Uma ufuna ukugcina izimbali ezinhle endlini isikhathi eside, khetha izimbali ezinomoya omile: i-amaranth, i-celosia, i-safflower, i-craspedia, i-statice.

Ukukhula nokunakekela izitshalo

Lesi isitshalo esingenakuzithoba esingadingi umzamo owandayo ekukhuleni nasekunakekeleni. Nokho, ezinye izici kulezi zinqubo zisesekhona.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Ngokunenhlanhla, i-teasel izwa ezindaweni ezivulekile zelanga, nakuba kahle kahle ibekezelela ukukhanya kwe-penumbra. Ayithandi umswakama obuningi emhlabathini. Njengoba le nhlumela iqala uhlelo oluqinile, idinga umhlaba omningi. Ngakho-ke, uma itshalwe eduze kwezitshalo ezibuthakathaka, zizofakwa ngokushesha yi-teasel. Ukutshala ngokuqondile eduze kwehlathi elizovimbela ukwanda kwe-teasel, ngaphandle kokumlimaza.

Umhlabathi nomanyolo

Okuhle kunakho konke, i-teasel ikhula emhlabathini okhanyayo, owenziwe nge-loamy nge-reaction acidic kancane. Ngokungafani nezitshalo eziningi, akuyona into engadingi inhlabathi evundile efana ne-chernozem, kodwa ngisho nokuphikisana. Ukudla ngokweqile kwezinto ezakhiwayo kukhuthaza ukukhula kwendawo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuvimbela izimbali. Okungukuthi, ekutshalweni kwezitshalo isitshalo asidingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izazi eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi ziyazidla, ziqoqa amaqabunga ezansi ahleliwe aphikisiwe, okufa, futhi ahlwanyele lesi sitshalo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, ngisho nasemhlabathini onesihlabathi ongenamhlabathi ngaphandle kokugqoka, i-teasel izwa kahle.

Kubalulekile! Lesi sitshalo siyadingeka ukuze ukhula, ngoba ukhula, luqinisa umhlabathi, lube usongo lokuxhaswa kwesimiso, okungabangela ukufa kwe-teasel.

Ukunisela nokuswakama

Le isithombo ayikho ngokuphelele ukuchelela njalo. Esikhathini esomile, kunamanzi okunisela okwanele, kanti ngesikhathi semvula ngokujwayelekile akudingekile ukuphuza lesi sitshalo. Ibekezelela kalula umswakama ophansi kuze kufike ku-40%, kodwa uzizwa ukhululekile uma umswakama womoya ungama-50-60%.

Uhlobo lokushisa

Isigaxa se-nap sibhekana ngokuphumelelayo nemakhaza. Kodwa idinga indawo yokuhlala lapho izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwezansi liwela kuma-5-7 degrees. Ngemuva kokuqothula umhlabathi kumele kube yizihlahla ezifakwe emasimini owomile, ama-sawdust noma izinto ezingenayo engadini. Lokhu ngeke kuvimbele kuphela isitshalo ekuqhenqeni, kodwa futhi kuvimbele ukusongela kusenesikhathi, ngaphambi kokususa izimpande zokuthuthukiswa kweqabunga.

Ukukhiqizwa nokutshala

Ihlumela lezinqwaba lihanjiswa yizimbewu, ezinikeza ngobuningi. Hlwanyela imbewu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla ngaphambi kweqhwa.

Inqubo yonke iqhubeka ngokuyisisekelo kanje:

  1. Imbewu emikhulu yalokhu isitshalo igcwele isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate noma ama-fertilizer flower.
  2. Khetha indawo enomphela yokukhula kwesihlahla esizayo.
  3. Njengoba imbewu inamaphesenti angamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye ukuhluma, zihlwanyelwa ngabanye kude kube ngu-7 cm kusuka komunye nomunye kuya ku-2.5 cm ejulile futhi ifafazwe ngomhlaba.

Ukulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuqoqa izingxenye zesitshalo, kufanele unqume ukuthi yini ezoyidingayo. Kokubili inqubo yokuthenga ngokwayo kanye nemigomo yayo incike kuyo. Uma ama-cones eqoqwe ukuze asetshenziswe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ekudalweni kwezimbali ze-bouquets kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-floristics, ukuvuna kwama-inflorescences kufanele kuqale ngo-Septhemba ngaphambi kokuqala kwemvula ejwayelekile, engabhubhisa kakhulu ukubukeka kwayo. Labo abafuna ukuqoqa ama-inflorescences aluhlaza, kufanele baqale ukuvuna kusuka maphakathi no-Julayi kuze kuqale kuka-Agasti.

Kubalulekile! Njengoba isitshalo ngasinye ubude bugcwele imifino e-spiny, kuyadingeka, usebenzisa ama-shears, ukuvikela izandla zakho ngama-thick mittens.
Ukuqoqwa nokugcinwa kuqhubeka kanje:
  1. Isigaxa esinqunyiwe siyadingeka ukuze ucezu lwesobunxele lwe-stem luxhomeke ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu zokomisa.
  2. Isigaxa esomile ngokugcwele kufanele sikhululwe kusuka ku-sepal ne-tuft ephezulu.
  3. Ukuze kugcinwe iziqukathi ezinezigaxa ezomile ekamelweni eliphezulu, lapho lomile futhi lumnyama.
  4. Ngezinhloso zokwelapha, zonke izingxenye ezingenhla ezingenhla zomuthi zisetshenziswa ngendlela yamaqabunga, izimbali neziqu.
  5. Ukuvuna utshani phakathi nhlobo-ehlobo ekuqaleni kwesimbali. Kulokhu, futhi, kuyadingeka ukuvikela izandla ngeglavu ezinzima.
  6. Utshani lubekwe ngaphansi komcibisholo emoyeni ovulekile ngendwangu encane encane yamasentimitha amathathu futhi omisiwe, ukuwufiphala njalo.

Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni

Ukungahloniphi kwalesi sitshalo akubangeli ubunzima bokulima. Kodwa-ke, okuthile kudinga ukucatshangwa uma ukhula i-teasel. Isibonelo, ubuningi bezinhlamvu ezikhiqizwa yiyo kanye nokuthambekela kokuzimela. Okungukuthi, uma ungalandeli ithrekhi futhi ungaphuthelwa umzuzu lapho imbewu ivuthwa futhi iqala ukuqhuma emhlabathini, khona-ke ungathola ukulimala nokungazifunanga okungafuneki kusayithi. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, ngokuba utshani obude kakhulu futhi obude kakhulu, inqwaba yezinqwaba zikhula ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa ukutshala eduze kwezindlela zasendlini, izindawo lapho izingane zidlala khona noma abantu abadala behamba.

Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela

Lokhu kungathobeki ezimweni ezikhulayo zotshani, ngaphezu kwalokho, kunqanda kakhulu izifo nezinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kuvezwa isikhumba se-powdery, esingatholakala ngamagundane amhlophe-amaqabunga neziqu kanye ne-vybryvaniya stem stem.

Kuwusizo ukufunda indlela yokulahla isikhutha se-powdery ezitshalweni.

I-Vorpsink eel iyayihlasela, ngenxa yalokho ama-cones abonakalisiwe anomile futhi ayenzeka ngaphakathi kwawo. Ngezinye izikhathi akusiyo into ehlukumezayo ukudla le mouse elishini.

Njengoba konke lokhu kwenzeka okungavamile, ezinye izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuzivikela ngokuvamile azithathiwe, kodwa izikhathi ezimbalwa ngezikhathi ezithile ziphuza utshani ngesulfure noma zichithe ngezinqubo zokuvimbela izifo zezitshalo.

Azikho izimbali ezimbalwa ezingajabulisa iso lomuntu, hhayi kuphela ehlobo kodwa nasebusika. Ngakho i-teasel ikwenza ngokugcwele. Kodwa lokho okungaxhunyeki lapho lolu tshani lwaqeqeshwa khona njengomsizi obalulekile ekutheni ukukhiqizwa njengento eyintandokazi yabafaki bezinkuni kanye nabaqambi bezwe befanelwe inhlonipho encane.

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