Ukukhula kwe-broiler turkeys kuyenzeka phakathi kwabalimi bezinkukhu. Ukuzuza isisindo esheshayo, ukuzithoba, ikhono lokuzala ekhaya, inyama enomusa yokudla okunambitheka kakhulu - konke lokhu kubheka inzuzo engafakazelwa. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba uthathe leli bhizinisi, udinga ukucabangela izici zayo nezinkinga ezingase ziphakame.
I-Broiler turkey
Lolu hlobo lwadalwa ngenxa yokuwela kwe-hybrid. Lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu lunomzimba oqinile kakhulu, umlomo oqinile futhi onamandla onobubanzi obomvu. Amaphiko athuthukile ngokugcwele, ngosizo lwabo, i-turkey ingakwazi ukundiza phezu kocingo obamamitha amathathu-mandla, futhi ngenxa yemilenze yayo enamandla ingagijima ngesivinini se-50 km / h.
Izinzuzo zokukhula lezi zinyoni zihlanganisa okulandelayo:
- Ukuhlanzeka kwezinto eziphilayo zenyama eyenziwe.
- Inyama yokudla - inqwaba yezinto eziyigugu namavithamini kuwo futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani elincane kakhulu lamafutha.
- Inani elikhulu lokudla okunomsoco kanye nokunambitheka okuhle kwamaqanda e-turkey.
- Lapho kuzaliswa ukuthengiswa - ukubuyisela okusheshayo: intengo ephakeme yenyama ngenxa yokuthi kubhekwa njengokungajwayelekile.
- Ukuzalisa okungenasici nokuthengisa. Eqinisweni, konke kungathengiswa: izinkukhu zonyaka wonke, izimpaphe, phansi, inyama, amaqanda.
Kodwa ama-minus of cultivation yilawa:- Isidingo semibandela ekhethekile yokugcinwa kwezinkukhu ezincane.
- Amathuba aphezulu okufa.
- Izindleko ezingaphezulu ezibonakalayo lapho ubeka igceke - inyoni enkulu idinga isikhala esengeziwe.
- Ukugcina okuhlukile kwezinyoni ezincane kwezinye izinkukhu ngenxa yokwesaba okukhulu kwezinkukhu ezincane nezifo ezikhona.
- Ukondla okwengeziwe nesidingo sokulawula ikhwalithi yayo.
- Ngenxa yokuthambekela kwama-turkeys ekukhulupheni, inani elikhulayo lemvelo liyadingeka ekudleni kwabo.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kocansi okwesikhashana - ngokuvamile ngezinyanga ezingu-9.
Uyazi? Ama-Turkeys yizinyoni ezifuywayo ezifuywayo ezihamba phambili ngokulandelana kwezinkukhu. Ngaphezu kwabo kuphela izintshe.
Ukuzala "izinsimbi ezinkulu"
I "heavyweights" ihlanganisa ama-turkeys, ngokushesha ukuthola ukuhlwithwa kwesisindo:
- emavikini angu-16 - kusuka ku-18 kg;
- amaviki angu-28 - isisindo esiphezulu se-26 kg.
Umhlophe omhlophe
Lolu hlobo lwazalwa eminyakeni eyikhulu eNyakatho Melika. Umzimba ugcwele izimpaphe ezimhlophe ezimhlophe, "umnsalo" wezimpaphe ezimnyama ubonakala ngokucacile esifubeni. Umzimba mkhulu, oval. Isisindo singafinyelela ku-25 kg. Ukungazithobeki, okufanelwe ukukhula kwamaseli.
Rush kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-9. Ukubeka amaqanda kuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa; ngesikhathi sokubeka, amaqanda angaba ngu-100 ahlelwe, ama-90% azo ahlanganiswa. Ukudla - okukhethwayo, ukondla badinga izinga eliphakeme kuphela, ngezithasiselo eziyimfanelo ezibalulekile. 
I-Moscow Bronze
Bred phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule ngokuwela izingulube zethusi zendawo zendawo ngebhokisi elibanzi lobubanzi. Amasonto - amaqanda angaba ngu-90, okungaphezu kwamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-90. Amadoda asondeza isisindo kuze kube ngu-12 kg, abesifazane - kufika ku-7 kg. 
Ukuguqulwa okugqamile
Ama-Turkeys alezi zilwane akhalwa eCanada. Izinzuzo zabo: ukubukeka okukhangayo, ikhwalithi enhle kanye nezinga eliphakeme lezinyama. Zinezifuba ezibanzi namapulangwe amhlophe. Agile futhi muscular. Inhloko encane, inqwaba enamandla ene-red-earring ekhanyayo.
Isivinini sokugijima - 45 km / h, ukuphakama kokukhipha - amamitha angu-2. Ngenyanga yesihlanu, abesilisa balinganisa u-19-22 kg, abesifazane - kusuka ku-9 kuya ku-12 kg. Ukubeka - izinyanga ezintathu, amaqanda ama-50, insikazi ibabamba amaviki amane. 
BIG-6
Uhlobo lwabalelwa eNgilandi ngo-2007. Kubonakala ngokuphindaphinda okuphezulu futhi inyama enhle kakhulu. Isikhathi sokufa sifinyelela ezinyangeni ezingu-3. Isisindo somuntu singaba ngu-30 kg. Ngokuvamile owesilisa ulinganisa u-15 kuya ku-17 kg, owesifazane - 6-7 kg. I-egg fertility ingaba ngu-80%.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezici zokugcina nokuzalanisa ama-broiler turkeys wezinhlanga eziningi ezibomvu nezinkulu ezingu-6.
BJT-8
Zihlukaniswa nomzimba womculi, imilenze eqinile, obomvu ngezwi le "ndebe" futhi liqubuzele entanyeni. Izimpaphe - zimhlophe ngokuphelele. Ngamaviki angu-18 ubudala, abesilisa banesisindo esibukhoma esingu-15 kg. Phakathi nosuku, isisindo esibukhoma sikhula ngo-110 g. Indoda endala iduna isisindo esibukhoma esivela ku-28 kuya ku-30 kg, owesifazane - 14 kg. 
Zazi ngokwakho ngenqubo yokuzalisa ama-poultry turkey usebenzisa i-incubator, itafula lokufaka amaqanda e-turkey, uhlu lwezinto ezihamba phambili ze-turkey, futhi uthole ukuthi inani le-turkey ne-adult-turkey elilinganisako lilinganisa kangakanani, ukufeza kanjani ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwe-turkeys.
Izimo ezidingekayo zokugcina ama-broiler turkeys
Ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala emva kokuzalwa, intsha idluliselwa ku-bison. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqukethwe kwe-turkey: amaselula futhi mahhala. Sizocabangela ukhetho lokuqukethwe ekamelweni.
Kubalulekile! Izinkukhu kanye nama-turkeys omdala kufanele ahlale efinyelela emanzini okuphuza ahlanzekile.
Izidingo zegumbi
Igumbi (ikamelo) lezintambo ezikhulile kumele likhethwe noma lihlome ngokuvumelana nokubala: okungaphezu kwama-broilers amabili ngomitha wesikwele. Ukushisa akufanele kuwele ngaphansi kwe-20 ° C. Usuku lokukhanya kufanele kube ngamahora angu-12-13 noma ngaphezulu. Uma kunesidingo, amahora okukhanya kwelanga angandiswa ngezinye izibani zokukhanyisa. 
Kufanele kube kanjani i-turkey ehlomekile
Ilungiselelo laso kufanele lihlangabezane nalezi zidingo eziyisisekelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukwethembeka kokwakhiwa, ukuvimbela ukungena kwanoma yiziphi izilwane, ikakhulukazi izinyoka nazo zonke izinhlobo zamagundane.
- I-turkey yokuhlanza - ngeke ivumele ukudideka kwezinyoni, futhi ibuye ivimbele ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamadoda futhi ngaleyo ndlela igcine imfuyo.
Izindawo eziyinhloko kufanele kube:
- Ukudla ukudla. Ifakwe iziqukathi zezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla - okuxekethile, ezomile, ezimanzi. Usayizi wesitsha kukhona okungenani ingxenye yesigamu semitha ngamunye. Iziphuzo zokuphuza zingafakwa ezindaweni ezahlukene noma emgqeni, ukugeleza kwamanzi ahlanzekile - njalo. Iphansi limbozwe ilitha elikwazi ukuthola umswakama okumele lishintshwe noma libekwe kabusha phezulu, lokhu kwenziwa ukugwema ukusakazwa kwezifo.
- Ukuphakama Zenziwe zinyene, ziphelile, zihamba. Kuvame ukuhlonywa, kusuka ku-70-80 cm ukusuka endaweni engaphansi komhlaba ngendlela yokuhamba kancane kancane, okuyi-semicircle noma isiyingi. Ukubala inani lama-perches - ama-turkeys angu-45 kwesinye. Ihlelwe endaweni enomdabu kakhulu ngaphandle kokukhanyisa. Ngezansi ukulala okujulile noma i-tray, kuhlanzwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ukuhamba Itholakala phakathi kwendawo yokulala nendawo yokudla. Ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukubola imfucumfucu ye-limestone ezungeze umjikelezo, kanye nokushayela, ukuhlomisa izibhakabhaka zomlotha. Kule ndawo ngesikhathi sezulu esingenayo isenzo sezulu esikhulu se-turkeys sizokwenzeka.
- Izinkanyezi Ufakwe endaweni ethule futhi hhayi ngekhoneni. Amadoda amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili afakwe indawo eyodwa. Yenziwe ngesimo sendlu enophahleni olugxotshiwe, njalo imbobo ephakeme kancane kunezinga lesidleke kanye nobukhulu be-turkey. Uhlobo olunomsoco lusetshenziselwa ukulala.
- Izigaba zama-broilers of age ezahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokuqala, abesilisa abasha noma abahlukumezayo bafakwa lapho.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhwabanisa ne-shavings akuvunyelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukulala lapho ugcina ama-turkeysama-broilers - angathatha lezi zinto zokudla.
Paddock
Imodi yokuhamba emoyeni omusha iyasiza kakhulu kuma-turkeys e-broiler. Nokho, ngenxa yobuningi balezi zinyoni, indawo yokuba khona kwabo emoyeni kufanele ifakwe kahle:
- Isayithi kufanele ivuleke (okungcono - okungcono).
- Ukuphakama okuphezulu (hhayi okungaphansi kwamamitha amathathu).
- I-Canopy Njengokuvikelwa elangeni nasemvula, nge-fence ephansi - isikhawulo lapho uzama ukubalekela inyoni.
- Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi umhlaba utshalwe utshani utshani (ongashadile noma obunaphakade) - lokhu kuzocebisa ukudla kwe-turkey ngamaprotheni nemifino emisha.
- Phakathi nenkathi efudumele, imishini idinga ukondla izikhumba, futhi abaphuza ngempela.
Ividiyo: i-turkey paddock
Indlela yokudla ama-turkeys e-broiler ekhaya
Ukondla kuyinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba, okokuqala, isethi sokuphila kwesisindo sezinyoni sincike kuso. Kubantu abasha nabadala, ukudla kuhlukile. Cabanga ngalokhu.
Intsha
Ukudla kwayo kuqala kungakapheli amahora angu-20 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusondelana nokukhathazeka okwesikhashana kwesitoko esincane ngenxa yendlala akuvumelekile. Phakathi nesonto lokuqala, kudliwa izikhathi eziyisishiyagalolunye ngosuku. Esikhathini sesibili - ezinhlanu noma eziyisithupha.
Kusukela kokudla kwesithathu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, zikhiqiza izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine. Kusukela ngowesine, ukukhula okusemncane kudluliselwa kwimodi yokudla yezinyoni ezindala. Yondla amatshwele ngokudla okhethekile kumanani okunconywa, noma ukuhlanganiswa okulungiselelwe. Okulandelayo ukudla kwansuku zonke (ngogremu):
| Yondla ingxenye | 1-5 usuku | Izinsuku ezingu-6-21 | Usuku lwama-22-28 |
| Iqanda elibilisiwe elinzima | 0,7-0,8 | 8-9,3 | - |
| Ubisi obisi | - | 2-2,3 | 2,4-2, 5 |
| Ummbila | 5 | 9 | 38 |
| I-Millet | 4 | 8 | 25 |
| Ukudla kwemifino | 3 | 7 | 22 |
| Ukudla kwezinhlanzi | - | - | 4 |
| Ukudla kwesidlo nesithambo | - | - | 3 |
| Ikhekhe | - | 0,7 | 2 |
| Amavithamini | 0,1 | 0,3 | 1 |
| Imifino emisha | 5 (ijusi yamakhambi) | 5 (ijusi yamakhambi) | 15 |
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokwazi ukuhlukanisa i-turkey namagundane, yiziphi i-turkeys ezigulayo nendlela yokuphatha ngazo, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izici zokuzalanisa i-turkey ezikhona.Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukufaka kancane kancane ukudla okusha emncintiswaneni ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwengeza izinto nsuku zonke.
Ukusanhlamvu ekudleni kwezinkukhu kufanele kuchotshozwe:
- isonto lokuqala lokuqala - 1.5-2 mm;
- isonto lesibili noma sesithathu - 3 mm;
- ke-wonke amaphilisi okusanhlamvu (5 mm nangaphezulu).
Ukudla okunomile nokumanzi okubekiwe kwabasondeza abahlukahlukene. Isici esibalulekile ukuthi ukudla okumanzi akufanele ukunamathela ezandleni. Ukufudumala kokudla kungenziwa ngesitshalo sesitshalo, i-yogurt noma amasondo.
Kubalulekile! Ubuningi bemifino ezithombeni ezincane kuyaphikisana - ukudla okunjalo kukwazi ukuvala ngokushesha amathumbu enkukhu.
Izinyoni ezidala
Ama-turkeys abadala adla izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngosuku. Ukudla kufanele kube nomxube wekhwalithi ephezulu nephesenti enkulu yamaprotheni, inani elidingekayo lama-carbohydrate kanye nokuqukethwe okuncishisiwe kwe-fluorine ne-calcium.
I-ration yansuku zonke cishe ye-broiler turkey (ngogremu ngayinye):
| Yondla ingxenye | Iviki 4-8 | Iviki 9-12 | Isonto eli-13-20 | Iviki 21-26 |
| I-Millet | 26,5-28,5 | 55-63 | 84-97 | 90-145 |
| Ummbila | 28-40 | 60-95 | 100-170 | 130-220 |
| I-Pea | - | 9-11 | 12-16 | 30-36 |
| Khumula | - | 10-14 | 12-14 | 12-16 |
| Amaqebelengwane avuno | 23-40 | 33-46 | 20-50 | 17-30 |
| I-Pomace | 5-8 | 11-16 | 17-25 | 20-30 |
| Imvubelo | 9-12 | 13-18 | 19-20 | 20-24 |
| Ukudla kwezinhlanzi | 6-11 | 7-11 | 7-9 | - |
| Ukudla kwesidlo nesithambo | 4-9 | 4-15 | 10-25 | 15-30 |
| Ikhekhe | 2-3 | 6-9 | 10-13 | 12-18 |
| Amafutha | 1-2 | 5-10 | 10-20 | 5-30 |
| Usawoti | 0,1 | 1-1,5 | 1,5-2 | 2-3 |
| Amavithamini | 1-1,5 | 2-3 | 3,5-5 | 4-6 |
Ividiyo: okuqukethwe kanye nama-turkeys okuzalayo
Sincoma ukuthi uzijwayeze ngama-nuances okugcina izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-turkeys njengesikhumba se-bronze esikhulu, i-Black Tikhoretskaya ne-Uzbek Palevaya.
Izici zokuzalisa ama-broilers
Enye insikazi ingahlala cishe amaphuphu angu-17 ezinsukwini ezingu-30. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili kusukela ekuqaleni kwamaqanda-ukubeka, ukhetho lwamaqanda lwenziwa, - isikhathi esinjalo singaqinisekisa ukuthi amaphesenti amakhulu amaqanda okukhulelwa, angabavuthwa noma angaphansi kwesifazane noma engxenyeni.
Kunezidingo eziningi zokunakekelwa kwezinkukhu ezincane ze-turkey, ukunganaki okungaholela emiphumeleni eyingozi.
Uyazi? I-Turkey yafika eYurophu evela eMelika - iMeya yayizikhukhumeza lezi zinyoni lapho. Ngakho igama labo. Nakuba ekuqaleni, ngenxa yokuthi abantu bokuqala babanikezwa abagibeli beSpain, babizwa ngokuthi ama-hens aseSpain.
Ake sihlale kuzo ngokuningiliziwe:- Izinkukhu ezinamahloni zidinga ukukhanya okuqhubekayo, kunciphise isigamu sehora nsuku zonke. Izinkukhu ezineminyaka engamashumi amabili ubudala zidinga ukukhanya amahora angu-15 ngosuku.
- Ngesonto lokugcina kwesitokisi esincane, kubalulekile ukuthi kuqhutshwe ukukhipha imfucuza ngokuphelele ekamelweni kanye nabahlinzeki ngezindlela ezikhethekile.
- Izinkukhu ezisanda kuzalwa zidinga igumbi elinokushisa lokushisa okungenani 30-32 ° C; ama-turkeys anemifantu emhlophe, ngenxa yezindawo ezibonakalayo ze-feather ezimhlophe, izinga lokushisa liyadingeka liphakeme - 32-34 ° C.
- Ngenxa yokungahambisani ne-turkeys imidwebo namanzi, udinga ukuwakhula ngokubanzi, evulekile emabhokisini aphezulu, ahlanganiswe utshani.
- Udinga ukumbozwa kwewashi phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-14 zokuqala ze-turkey poults
- Izinkukhu zingadedelwa phansi futhi zihambe ngezinsuku ezingu-15 kuphela emva kokuzalwa kwazo.
- Bahunyushwa ekuqukethwe okugcwele kusukela ngesonto lesithathu.
Izinkinga ezikhona ezinkingeni ezikhulayo nezifo
Inselele enkulu kulokhu kuyisifo se-turkey, esingase sinakekele ngokunganele, ukudla okungalungile, nokuphulwa kwemithetho yokuhlanzeka eTurkey.
Inyoni ekhubazekile iba lethargic, ukunyakaza kwayo kuyizinto ezingavamile, okungavikelekile, nge-wobble, ngokuvamile kuvame ekhoneni. Amehlo angenalutho, izimpaphe ziphazamiseke. Kukhona amacala uma engakwazi ukuma izandla.
Izifo ezivame kakhulu ze-turkeys yizi:
- Isifo se-Newcastle. Isifo esiyingozi kakhulu segciwane lesandulela ngculaza, esingathinta yonke imfuyo. Uphawu oluyinhloko ukukhubazeka kwemilenze. Ezigaba zokuqala zalesi sifo kunesifo sohudo, umhlanga ompunga, umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ophuzi, ophethe iphunga le-fetid. Indlela kuphela yokulondoloza imfuyo yokugoma ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Sinusitis. Isizathu - ukulala okuluhlaza, ama-drafts. Izimpawu: ngaphansi kokuvuvukala kwamehlo, ukuqhuma nokukhwehlela, ukuphuma emakhaleni nasweni, umoya omubi nokuphefumula. Uma le nyoni ingaphathwa, iyoba nokukhula okuncane.
- I-Pullorosis. Izifo zinezinsuku ezingu-14. Izimpawu: ukoma ngesifiso esibi noma ukungabi naso. Amehlo avaliwe, amaphiko ayancipha, amhlophe aphuzi noma aphuzi. Ekuqaleni, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics kusiza; esikhathini esizayo, amaphuphu afe ngenxa yobuthakathaka.
- I-Gastomoniasis. Izifo ezithathelwanayo zidala ukulimala kwesibindi nokuvuvukala kwesisu. Isibonakaliso - i-fetid yesifo sohudo esiluhlaza noma se-orange. Izinkukhu ngokushesha zilahlekelwa isisindo, ziba buthakathaka futhi zingenandaba. Ukwelashwa nge "Furazolidone" noma "i-Osarsol".
- I-Avitaminosis. Isizathu - isondlo esingalungile. Isigaba esikhulu se-lesion sincane. Ukukhula okubi, amehlo abuhlungu, ukukhala kwabo kubonisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-retinol. Ukuyeka ukukhula nokunciphisa ithambo kuyisibonakaliso sokuntuleka kwe-calciferol (i-vitamin D). Ukukhubazeka kwemilenze kubonisa ukuntuleka kwamavithamini B. Ukuvinjelwa, amavithamini kufanele afakwe kwi-feed.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuba wazi kangcono ama-nuances wezinkukhu ze-broiler.Ividiyo: i-broiler turkey ubuchwepheshe bokuzalanisa Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinyoni zezinyoni zithinteka kakhulu ezifweni zomuthi wamathumbu. Izindlela zokuvimbela eziyinhloko yi-immune kanye nemithi elwa namagciwane okubalulekile.
Njengoba sibona, ukuzalisa ama-broiler turkeys akuwona umsebenzi onzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi lezi zinyoni ngokwazo zizithoba kakhulu ekugcineni nokudla. Ukwazi imithetho ethile nokuyilandela, kanye nokuthola ulwazi emsebenzini, ngesikhathi esifushane ungahlakulela ibhizinisi elihle nenenzuzo.
Ukubuyekeza okuvela kwinethiwekhi
