Imvelo ingapheli ukumangaza: enye yalezi zimangaliso yi-crocus ekwindla, ebonakala ngokulandelana okungavamile kwentuthuko. Emagqabeni entwasahlobo akhula ngezimbewu zembewu ezivuthwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kanti isitshalo silele. Kodwa umhlobiso wanoma yimaphi ama-flower - efihlekile, eqhakaza ekwindla. Indlela yokukhulisa i-colchicum nokumnakekela, sizobe sitshela kabanzi.
Incazelo
I-Colchicum (colchicum) iyisitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside somndeni wonyaka. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ikhula emahlathini nasemahlathini ehlathi e-Europe eseningizimu-mpumalanga, insimu entshonalanga ye-Asia ne-Afrika.
Uyazi? Izimila ezithinta umjikelezo wazo wokuphila ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo zibizwa ngokuthi "ephemeroids."Esigabeni esingapheli, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-160, kodwa ezinye zikhulelwa emasimini:
- ekwindla (IColchicum autumnale);
- kuhle (I-Colchicum speciosum);
- Agripa, noma motley (Colchicum agrippinum, tessellatum);
- I-Byzantine (Colchicum byzantinum).
Umjikelezo wokuphila we-autcus crocus udinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Umuntu omdala, isitshalo esikhulekile ushiya i-tuber bud ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbali ivela ngenhla yomhlabathi esitsheni esingenalutho futhi ngemva kokukhula, iyoma futhi iphenduke ephuzi emhlabathini. Ukuphakama kwembali phakathi nezimbali kuyisi-15-20 cm.
Zijwayeze ngokutshalwa okungapheli kwe-autumn crocus ensimini evulekile kanye nezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-colchicum
Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-colchicum kusuka ku-isibhamu, izinombolo ezihlukahlukene zezimbali zingase zivele, ezivamile futhi eziphindwe kabili. Umbala we-inflorescences nawo uncike ezinhlobonhlobo: ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, ezibomvu, ezibomvu, ezimigqabha kanye ne-chess. Ezinsukwini zemvula, izimbali zivaliwe futhi zithatha izibuko ezinhle. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza izinsuku ezingu-15-20, futhi lesi sikhathi sincike ekutheni isimo sezulu sifanelekile.
Kubalulekile! I-crocus ekwindla eshisayo ikhula ngokushesha.Imbali ye-Frost ayinhle: uma iqala, iwela phansi kuphela.
Isigaba esilandelayo sokuphila siqala ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, lapho amaqabunga ahlaza okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekhanyayo ekhula avela ebhaleni, ekhula ibe yi-30-40 cm. 
I-crocus ekwindla ngaphansi kweqhwa. Futhi uma ekwindla imbali yayihlwanyelwa, ibhokisi lembewu laliyobonakala phakathi kwamaqabunga, okuyinto engazi ukuthi abaningi bayabheka. Imbewu ikhiwa kusukela esibelethweni sembali, esitholakala enhlabathini. Izinhlamvu ze-sunflower zivuthwe ngasekupheleni kukaJuni - maphakathi noJulayi futhi ziyaqhuma emhlabathini. Kulesi simo, ibhokisi liba mnyama, kanti amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi asuke.
Izindlela zokuzala
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezizaziyo zokuzalanisa ekwindla crocus: ukuhlukana kwe-bulb, induna yezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nenzalo. Cabangela ngamunye wabo:
- Imbewu (yokukhiqiza). Le ndlela izothatha isikhathi esiningi, ngoba i-colchicums etshalwe ngale ndlela ikhula kuphela ngemva kweminyaka engu-6-7, lapho i-tuber ikhula futhi ithola amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ayifanele izinhlobo eziningi.
- I-tuber ye-colchicum yenza amahlumela amaningi ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ehlobo, lapho isitshalo siphumule, i-bulb ingagujwa futhi ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana ukuze iqukethe ihlumela layo siqu. Izingcezu zihanjiswe ngamalahle futhi zomile. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-6 bangatshala. Ukujula komgodi ngu-12-18 cm.
- Indodakazi ama-bulb indlela elula yokukhula i-crocus. Kanjalo watshala izimbali zeKolkumkum ezinyangeni ezingu-1-1.5. Inqubo iqala ngokuqoqwa kwama-bulb. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane, eziphakathi nhlobo ehlobo sezivele zinezikhathi zokuvela, zivunwa lapho imbewu sezivuthiwe futhi amahlamvu abekwe phansi. Ama-bulb aqoshiwe ngokucophelela, ahlanzwa futhi izinsalela zamaqabunga nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezindala zisusiwe. Izilinganiso ezimboza i-anyanisi akufanele zisuswe. Okulandelayo, lokhu kuhlanjululwa futhi kuhlwanyiswe ngesisombululo esincane esicacile se-potassium permanganate. Emva kwalokhu kulungiselelwa, izilimo eziyizigaxa zomile futhi zigcinwe kuze kube yilapho zihlwanyela endaweni evulekile endaweni yokushisa kwamahhala (+ 22-24 ° C).
Imbewu ye-crocus ye-Autumn ibhokisini phakathi kwamaqabunga
Uyazi? Ngokuhlola (ezinogwaja kanye namagundane), izakhiwo zokukhipha ze-colchicum ziye zafakazelwa.
Ukukhula
I-Colchicum ishintshaniswa ngokuphelele nezimo zezulu zendawo ephakathi ye-Russian Federation. Zitshale kangcono ezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe. Kuvunyelwe ukutshala isitshalo emthunzini obala kancane.
Amabhule atshalwa enhlabathini engavimbelwe ekupheleni kuka-Agasti - kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, nakuba lezi zikhathi zilungiswa kuye ngokuthi isimo sezulu sendawo siyini. Nokho, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-crocus ekwindla ngo-Agasti. 
Kubalulekile! Isikhathi sokufika sibalwa ngendlela yokuthi kungadluli izinsuku ezingaphansi kwezinsuku kusukela ekutshalweni kuya emahlathini.I-Kolkhikumy ikhula cishe yonke inhlabathi, kodwa okungcono labo abanayo i-acidity ye-pH 5-8. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinkomba, isitshalo siyozizwa singakhululekile.
Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi kungaba okuhlukile, kufaka phakathi i-loam. Kodwa kungcono ukubeka inani elaneleyo lezinto eziphilayo (superphosphate, ash, phosphate, ash, humus), ngoba enhlabathini evundile futhi engenayo i-crocus ekwindla yenza izigqoko zezimbali ezithandekayo futhi zakha inani elikhulu lezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwanda kwezimbali zezimbali ezidume kakhulu: i-tulip, i-gladiolus, i-snowdrop, i-narcissus, i-babian, i-lily.
Uma ukutshala ama-bulb, ukujula komgodi kunqunywa ngobukhulu bezinto zokutshala. Ama-corms amancane atshalwe u-6-8 cm ubude, kude no-10-15 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. Izinto ezinkulu zidinga izimbobo ezijulile - 12-15 cm, kanti ibanga eliphakathi kwawo kufanele libe ngu-20-25 cm. Kudingeka ukutshala ama-bulb ukuze izikhwebu zabo zihlale ngaphansi komhlaba.
Ukutshala ngendlela yembewu kubonakala kanje: imbewu ehlwanyelwe ngokushesha ihlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo ehlabathini elivundile, elikhuni nelomanzi kuya ku-1-2 cm ejulile. 
I-pre-seed material igwetshwe kancane emanzini. Uma ngabe imbewu ayizange itshalwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuna, kuzodingeka ihlungwe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokutshala, ibeka efrijini.
Kubalulekile! Esikhundleni sokusibekela, abalimi bayelulekwa ukuba bathulule imbewu ibe yi-nylon stocking noma i-sock iphinde ihlise isitsha sezindlu zangasese ku-tank. Ekukhuculeni ngalunye, amanzi azogeza imbewu, asuse ama-inhibitors, okwandisa ukuhluma.Ngaphambi kokutshala emithonjeni uhlele ungqimba lwamanzi bese ufafaza ngesanti. Amahlumela azovela entwasahlobo ezayo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi esiningi sidlula.
Ngokuba izithombo zidinga ukunakekelwa. Ziyakuncipha, ziphuze uma kunesidingo, kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga amahlumela, ukhula, kanye nechweba ebusika.
Ukunakekela
Kulula ukunakekela i-crocus kuze kube phakade, futhi zonke izinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ziyanciphisa, noma kunjalo, izinqubo eziyisisekelo zokulima ngokuphumelelayo yizo:
- Ukunisela Kuyadingeka kanye kanye ngesonto ngenkathi kuqhuma izimbali kuphela uma kwenzeka kushisa. Amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi ayingozi kumuthi. Ukuqeda ukuthungwa kwemithombo yamanzi ngesikhathi sezinhlanzi, nxazonke ze-tuber yenza imifula, ezoshiya amanzi, futhi ihlanze umhlabathi eqhweni.
- Umanyolo. Isimo sokugunyazwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokutshala, sonke isikhathi esithatha isikhathi eside (izinhlobo ezilula zizwa kahle ngaphandle kokugqoka): entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukuze ukhule ngokujulile entwasahlobo, ungasebenzisa i-nitroammofosku (40-50 amagremu ngayinye imitha yesikwele). Ekubeni bahlwanyelwa umquba.
- Ukuhluma, ukukhipha amafihlethi abunayo namaqabunga omisiwe. Le nqubo ikhulisa ukuhlobisa imbali.
- Ukulungiselela ubusika. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina izinhlobo ezingenakuphikiswa. Ebusika bahlanganiswa ngamaqabunga owomile, umquba obolile, umquba wamasimu (ungqimba olugciniwe luyi-10-15 cm) noma indwangu engekho.
- Uhlezi Imbali kumele ibe njalo futhi ihlelwe ngesikhathi esifanele (etshalwe). Uma kungenjalo, ngokuqoqwa okukhulu kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, i-crocus ekwindla izofaka isigaba se-vegetative bese iyeka ukukhula. Ukuhlala kuqhutshwa kanye emva kweminyaka emibili emva kokuphela kwamahlamvu (ama-midsummer - ekuqaleni kuka-September). Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-crocus ekwindla zicutshiwe, zihlanzwa, zomisiwe futhi zatshalwe endaweni entsha. Uma inhlabathi ingashintshi, kufanele ihanjiswe ngama-humus (umquba), exutshwe nenani elincane lomhlabathi. Ukujula komgodi kufanele kube kathathu ububanzi be-bulb, kanye nebanga elifunayo phakathi kwezimbali - 15-20 cm.
- Musa ukucwenga amaqabunga e-Kolkhikum. - kumele baziphendulele ngokuzimele futhi zomile.
Kubalulekile! Zonke izingcezu ze-crocus ekwindla zinobuthi, ngakho-ke umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe ngeglavu.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinkinobho kanye nama-slugs, lapho amaqabunga amnandi embali ewusizo wangempela, iyinkimbinkimbi enkulu lapho ekhula crocus ehlala njalo. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi engokwemvelo yokuziqeda ukuyiqoqa ngesandla: izinambuzane azipheli neze ezinambuzane ezizinzile. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho badala izithiyo zemishini yezinambuzane ze-gastropod ngokusabalalisa umlotha, igravel emihle, igobolondo rock noma ama-eggshell azungezile.
Uyazi? AmaGreki asendulo ayeqiniseka ukuthi i-crocus ekwindla yavela emaconsi e-Prometheus igazi. ERussia, lesi sitshalo sasibizwa ngokuthi isihlahla sekwindla, umnsalo wenja noma umgwaqo wobusika, kanti iBrithani ibiza ngokuthi "owesifazane onqunu."Uma kwenzeka izikhukhula eziphindaphindiwe zenhlabathi, i-crocus ekwindla ingathinteka isikhunta esiwugrey. Ngezibonakaliso ezincane zesifo, ukuchelela kunciphisa, futhi isitshalo sithathwa nje nge-fungicide (Champion, Topaz, Kuproksat, njll). Kusukela ezitshalweni ezithintekile kakhulu kuzodingeka zilahlwe.
Njengoba sibona, ukutshala i-colchicum kudinga ukuhlangenwe nakho okuthile, isikhathi nokukhuthazela: zama isandla sakho ngokusebenzisa lolu lwazi. Sithemba ukuthi uzophumelela, futhi kusayithi lakho uzokwazi ukudala imibhede engavamile yembali yasekwindla.
Funda indlela yokusebenzisa i-colchicum emithi yokwelapha.
I-VIDEO: UKUHLAWULA NOKUKHALWA KWEQINISO LOKUPHELEKILE NGOKUHLOLA
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