Sikhula i-persimmon ekhaya ukusuka etsheni: imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa

I-Persimmon - isithelo esiphundu nesinempilo sokuvuthwa ekuwa kwekwephuzile. Ukuzitholela nge-berry yamanzi, akudingekile ukuyithenga esitolo. Indlela yokukhulisa i-persimmon ekhaya, sizoyithola kulesi sihloko.

Okuqukethwe:

• Ukukhethwa nokulungiselela imbewu yokutshala
• Imithetho Yokutshala
• Ividiyo: indlela yokutshala itshe le-persimmon
• Ukunakekela nokufakelwa kabusha
• Ukunisela
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu
• Ukukhanyisa
• Ukushisa
• Ukunciphisa nokuhlanganisa
• Ukugonywa
• Ukufakelwa
• Ividiyo: indlela yokufakelwa isithombo
• Izifo nezinambuzane
• Ukubuyekeza okuvela kwi-Inthanethi mayelana nezinzuzo ze-persimmon

Incazelo

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zalesi sitshalo somndeni wase-Ebony. Lezi zihlahla ezivuthiwe noma ezivuthiwe nezihlahla nezihlahla ezidliwayo. Imithi ihlala isikhathi eside, iphila iminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu. I-persimmon inomqhele obanzi, owasakazekayo, ngokuvamile uvunguza. Amaqabunga alula, ahlukile, afaka ama-oval, aluhlaza okwesitshalo.

I-plant blooms ngoMeyi, futhi iveza izithelo eduze noNovemba. Isithelo ngumbala okhanyayo we-orange, nxazonke noma ngesimo senhliziyo, ngesikhumba esinomsoco kanye ne-pulp enamafutha anamanzi. Iyakuthanda i-tart kancane, kodwa njengoba ivuthisa ithola ubumnandi, futhi ama-astringent shades asheshe aphumelele. Ngaphakathi kwebheki liqukethe imbewu eyishumi.

I-Persimmon - isitolo sangempela samavithamini empilweni yethu. Thola izakhiwo ezizuzisayo kanye nokuphikisana kwe-persimmon.

Lesi sitshalo sisatshalaliswa esimweni esishisayo: eningizimu yeYurophu, eCaucasus, eChina, eJapane, insimu yaseningizimu neNyakatho Melika, e-Australia.

Lesi sitshalo asifuni ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi, kodwa sithanda ukukhanya kwelanga nokushisa. Ukuze kusetshenziswe izimpande zawo ezinamandla kudinga ukugeleza okuvamile komswakama, ngaphandle kwalokho ukungabi nomthelela kwikhwalithi yesitshalo. Ngokunakekelwa ngokucophelela, umuthi omdala uyojabulisa ngokuvuna - cishe u-80 kg wezithelo zelanga.

Uyazi? Kusukela ezinkuni ezihlukahlukene ze-persimmon D.lotus eCaucasus, benza izitsha nezingoma zomculo, basebenzise njengento yokwakha.

Ukukhethwa nokulungiselela imbewu yokutshala

Ukuze uhlakulele ezindaweni eziphakathi, kungcono ukukhetha ezihlukahlukene zeCaucasian persimmon: aphikisana namazinga okushisa aphansi futhi aphansi kakhulu kunezilwane ezishisayo. Umhlinzeki ongcono kakhulu wezinhlanzi uyoba ovuthiwe ngokugcwele esihlahleni. Kodwa ungasebenzisa izithelo ezithengiwe - into eyinhloko ukuthi ilula, futhi isikhumba asinamabala. Ukulandelana okuqhubekayo kwezenzo:

1. Khetha imbewu kusukela ku-pulp, hlambulula bese uyomisa.
2. Shiya impahla yokutshala ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate usuku oluyi-disinfection. Amangqamuzana afinyelela phezulu, ngokushesha anqabe - angeke avumele isivuno.
3. Ngaphambi kokuklanywa, umuntu kufanele aguqe izingxube ezinzima kakhulu zamathambo ukuze kube lula 'ukuhlwanyela.' Yenza lokhu nge-sandpaper enezinhlamvu ezinhle.
4. Ziphathise ngokuvuselela ukukhula (isibonelo, i-epine, noma ungasebenzisa ijusi le-aloe) futhi ubeke endaweni ye-gauze enomanzi ngaphansi kwefilimu amasonto ayisithupha, eshalofini elingezansi lesiqandisini. Ukushisa kwomoya lapha kuhambelana no + 4-5 ° С.

Ukulungiselela imbewu yokutshala

Uyazi? Ngokwezinye zezinguqulo zezazi-mlando, igama elithi "persimmon" lanikezwa izithelo ngamaPheresiya. Iqiniso liwukuthi inyama eyomile yesithelo ekhulayo eCaucasus ifana nesithelo sosuku olumnandi. EFarsi, igama elithi "Khormalu" lisho "ipulazi yosuku." Kamuva, leli gama lahliswa futhi laguqulwa laba igama lamanje lezithelo.

Imithetho Yokutshala

Ukuhluma izithombo kuqala ekuqaleni kwebusika, ezinsukwini zakuqala zentwasahlobo.

Inqubo yokuhluma izithombo:

1. Lungisa izimbiza eziphakathi. Inhlabathi engcono kakhulu iyoba ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi, sebenzisa i-vermiculite njenge-drainage.
2. Imbewu ifakwa emaphethelweni, ibekwe ngokujula ngokulingana nobude bayo - kufika ku-2 cm.
3. Gcoba ithambo nge-primer bese umboza imbiza nge foil.
4. Ngesikhathi ulinde izithombo, uphefa njalo emhlabathini.
5. Ukushisa kokuhluma - + 22 ° С. Ungabeka isitsha ku-window sill eduze kwe-radiator.
6. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma, i-condensate eqoqwe kwifilimu kumele isuswe futhi isitshalo ngokwawo siphume amandla ukuvimbela ukubola.
7. Ukukhula, ukuqhuma kugijimela ifilimu bese kuchitha ijazi lembewu. Uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, zisuse ngokuzikhandla.
8. Ngokuvamile, amahlumela avela kungakapheli inyanga. Ibhodlela lifakwe endaweni enelanga, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwemisebe eqondile.
9. Ukuze ukhule kahle, izithombo zondliwa nge-fertilizer nitrogenous, ungakwazi ukuthenga umkhiqizo esitolo.

Ividiyo: indlela yokutshala itshe le-persimmon

Kubalulekile! Uma itshe lingenakususwa, kufanele likhishwe ngamanzi afudumele: i-moisten ngamanzi afudumele bese ushiya isikhwama se-polyethylene esitokisini ubusuku bonke. Emva kwalokho, uzohamba kalula.

Ukunakekela nokufakelwa kabusha

Izithombo eziqinisiwe kusuka ebhodweni elivamile zifakelwa iziqukathi ezihlukene ezinsukwini ezingaba yishumi. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela ubeke amanzi, ulale inhlabathi elele. Amahlumela abasha agcwele insimbi yeglasi ukuvimbela ukuqhwaza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuvame ukuhluma umoya bese ususa i-condensate.

Ukunisela

I-Persimmon isitshalo eseningizimu, ngakho-ke sidinga umswakama njalo, futhi ukupuniza amaqabunga kubalulekile kuyo. Ukuqhuba ukuphuza ekamelweni lokushisa ngamanzi, kudingekile ukuba ungadlulisi isitshalo, inhlabathi kufanele ihlale imanzi kancane. Ukuze ungadluli ngokugcoba izimpande futhi uvimbele inhlabathi ekumeni, sebenzisa umquba, isibonelo, i-sawdust enhle.

Ukuphuza ubusika kuyadingeka okungaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka ngamunye. Ukuvimbela inhlabathi ekumeni, yifake ngokulinganisela.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Uma ukondla, akuyona into engathandeki ukusebenzisa udaba oluyinkimbinkimbi olusindayo isitshalo (umquba noma i-humus). Abalimi bezitshalo batusa amanye ama-fertilizer amaminerali angokwemvelo, afana ne-aloe ahlanjululwa emanzini abilisiwe noma amanzi lapho amaqanda ezinkukhu ayephekwe khona.

Hlola zonke izici zokulima i-persimmon ekhaya naseCrimea.

Izinkimbinkimbi ezifanele kakhulu izitshalo zezimbali, ezakhiwe ngamaminerali. Ukubheka ama-fertilizer akufanelekile, izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga ziwanele, kubalulekile ukuba ube ne-phosphorus ne-potassium enkingeni, okuzokwenza umuthi ube namandla okuthola imifino elandelayo. Umquba we-Phosphoric

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula:

1. Ukugqoka okuphezulu akukwenziwa emhlabathini owomile.
2. Utshala izithombo ngesikhathi sonke sokukhula.
3. Ebusika, ungadli.

Ukukhanyisa

Indawo yesitsha ikhethwa ukukhanya, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile.

Izitshalo ezincane zifundiswa ukukhanya kancane kancane: ngosuku olumnyama alukhipha emkheneni, uma isimo sezulu sivuma. Okokuqala amahora ambalwa, bese kancane kancane usuku lonke.

Bayibeka efasiteleni elilindile uma iglasi liboshiwe ngefilimu elimnyama, kungenjalo amahlamvu azoshiswa.

Kubalulekile! Njengoba kunikezwe imvelaphi yaseningizimu yenkambiso, phakathi nenkathi yesikhashana esifushane kunikezwa ukukhanya okufakelwayo: amahora amabili ekuseni nakusihlwa.

Ebusika, ibhodlela le-persimmon likhishwa ekamelweni elikhanyayo. Akunconywa ukukhipha ngokuphelele ukukhanyisa, njengoba isitshalo singabuna.

Ukushisa

Ukushisa okunethezeka kokuqukethwe kungu + 20-22 ° C, isitshalo esikhulile esikhulile sizwa kahle ku -15 ° C. Isimo esiyinhloko ukungabikho kwemidwebo.

Funda indlela yokutshala i-medlar, amagilebhisi, i-murayu, i-plum, i-apricot, i-cherry enomnandi, umuthi womnqumo, i-longan (i-dragon eye), i-calamondin, isundu sesinkwa ne-papaya (i-melon tree).

Ebusika, ibhodlela idinga ukukhishwa egumbini elipholile: isikhathi sokuphumula sifika esitshalweni. Ukushisa akuphansi kwe-+5 ° С Kunconywa. Umbuthano we-Pristvolny ngalesi sikhathi uhlanganiswe ne-sawdust.

Ukunciphisa nokuhlanganisa

Lapho ukhulile ekhaya, umqhele uqala ukwakha futhi uphume kancane lapho lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-40-50 cm. Lapho amahlumela e-branched efinyelela ukuphakama kwama-20-40 cm, nawo aphiniwe. Le nqubo izosheshisa izimbali zezimila: ngokuvamile iqala ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine wokuphila.

Lapho umuthi ufinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha amabili nesigamu, umqhele wawo uhlotshaniswa ibhola, ukunciphisa ohlangothini luqhuma ubude obudingekayo.

Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo, umqhele uthintwa njalo ukuze uvimbele ukuqina. Ukudubula Crown Persimmon

Ukugonywa

Ukufeza i-fruiting, i-persimmon kumele itshalwe. Ukusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwezithelo efihlekile kuphethwe ngokukhala:

1. Khetha ihlumela elinamandla, elinempilo futhi unqunywe phansi esiveni salo njengendandatho yamagxolo okwenziwe ngekhanda ekukhuleni kwehlumela.
2. Indandatho ishintshiwe futhi ihlanganiswa endaweni yokusika ngehlangothini elingaphandle.
3. Ukunqunywa kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngendwangu enhle yefilimu yokudla ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa umswakama nokutheleleka kwesilonda.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, lesi sihlahla sizokwandisa i-bark fresh, okuyosho ukuphumelela kokusebenza. Uma le nqubo iphuza ukukhula kwehlumela, isitshalo sithola isignali kuthebhu yesithelo sehlumela. Ngokuvamile, i-persimmon etshalwe etsheni ithoma ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesikhombisa. Ukusheshisa inqubo, ihlanganiswa nesitshalo somuthi wesithelo.

Ukufakelwa

I-Persimmon yakha uhlelo olujulile lwempande, ngakho-ke isayizi enkulu yembiza ayinasidingo kakhulu kulo. Umuthi omncane ufakelwa kwisitsha esisha njalo ngonyaka, ukwandisa usayizi wawo ngamasentimitha amathathu kuya kwangu-4.

Lapho sifinyelela lesi sitshalo iminyaka emihlanu, ukufakelwa kabusha kufakwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili. Ukutshala kabusha i-persimmon kwisitsha esisha. Emhlabathini ovulekile, i-persimmon ifakwe ezindaweni eziseningizimu entwasahlobo, ngoMeyi. Indawo kumele ivikeleke emoyeni. Umgodi wenziwa ngobukhulu buka 60x60 cm, ibanga phakathi kwezithombo eziningana kufanele libe yi-1-2mitha.

Ezindaweni ezibandayo, kunconywa ukuba sikhule isitshalo njengesitshalo sebhodlela; singadluliselwa ensimini noma esikhwameni ngenkathi efudumele, sihlwanyelwe esakhiweni ebhodweni ukuze sidluliselwe endlini ebusika. Ubusika obunzima, naphezu kokumelana nesithwathwa, i-persimmon ayikwazi ukubekezelela, ikakhulukazi i-sapling encane kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu.

Ividiyo: indlela yokufakelwa isithombo

Izifo nezinambuzane

Uma ukhula indlu, i-persimmon cishe ayiguli, kodwa ukugqithisa kunokwenzeka ensimini evulekile. Ezifo ezikhona, eyingozi kakhulu yilezi:

• isikhumba se-powdery;
• umdlavuza webhaktheriya;
• ukubola kwempunga;
• ukubola kwempande;
• indawo emnyama;
• isikhumba

Uma ufuna ukuqoqa isivuno esihle se-persimmon, funda indlela yokususa isikhutha se-powdery.

Idonsa likaMealy

Isizathu saleso sifo ngokuvamile kuvame ukukhuphuka, okuyisimo esihle sokuzalanisa amabhaktheriya nesibungulu. Izinyoni nezinambuzane zingadlulisa izinhlamvu ze-fungal noma ezinye izilwanyana ezincane ezivela emithini enegciwane. Amabhaktheriya angafinyelela esihlahleni esinempilo esiseduze ngosizo lomoya. Isizathu esivamile sokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ze-fungal ukuntuleka kokukhanya (umqhele omningi) kanye nokudlulela kwama-fertilizer, ikakhulukazi ama-nitrogenous.

Ukuze ukuvimbela izifo kwenziwe izenzo ezinjalo:

• ukusika ngesikhathi;
• thatha umuthi emoyeni omusha;
• ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanyisa okudingekayo;
• ukuqapha ukuchelela (ukulinganisela).

Futhi baphathe isiphofu sokuvimbela Bordeaux ingxube (1%), ngaphambi nangemva kwezimbali. I-Bordeaux fluid ingashintshwa yiyiphi imithi elinezethusi.

Ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa kusetshenziswa:

• "I-Topaz" nelithi "Horus" - ngaphambi kokuchichima;
• "Fitosporin", "Actofit", "Bicol", "Impact", "Topsin" - ngaphambi nangemva kokukhahlela.

Amahlumela abathintekayo asuswe kahle futhi ashiswa.

Umuthi okhulayo endaweni yokuhlala noma indawo yendlu kungathinteka yisihlangu noma isikhumba sesicabucabu. Ungakwazi ukususa inkathazo ngamakhambi omuntu: geza amahlamvu ngamanzi asosi, hlambulula ngaphansi kweshazi ngosuku, uzame ukungamanzi inhlabathi ebhodweni. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa kanye ngesonto inyanga.

Zijwayele ngezici zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinzuzo ze-persimmon emzimbeni wesifazane.

Usiza kakhulu kulezi zinambuzane "Aktara": indlela ehlanjululwa ngokuya imiyalelo futhi ehlanzwa noma ephuziswa emmpandeni. Isikhathi singaphezulu kwamasonto ayisikhombisa, ngakho ukwelashwa okulodwa njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili kwanele ukubulala izidumbu.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zomhlaba ovulekile, izinambuzane, izibungu, ukuzivikela kanye nezindiza zaseMedithera, izibungu zingakhetha ama-persimmons.

Ama-insecticide asebenza kangcono ngokubulala izinambuzane, kanye nama-acaricides ngokumelene nemikhaza.

Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zithandwa:

• "Actofit";
• "I-Confidor-eyengeziwe";
• "Akarin".

Ukucubungula kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuphuza ihlumela futhi emva kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ngaphambi kokuba isithelo sibonakale. Imithi yokwelashwa yenziwa efudumele, kodwa hhayi eshisayo, isimo sezulu, lapho kungekho umoya nemvula.

I-persimmon ekhulayo idinga ukubekezela nokunakwa. Ukuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho yezobuchwepheshe kwezolimo maduzane kuletha imiphumela yayo: i-Ebony inezimbali ezimnandi, futhi cishe wonke umuntu uyazi mayelana nenambitheka nezinzuzo zezithelo.

Ukubuyekeza okuvela kwi-Inthanethi mayelana nezinzuzo ze-persimmon