Ungasusa kanjani izinso zezinso kwi-currants

I-currant bud mite yiyona inkathazo eyingozi kunazo zonke yezidakamizwa ze-currant. Ukuphahlazeka emabhishi, kungase kushiye umlimi engadini ngaphandle kwesivuno esikhulu, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyokwenza buthaka izitshalo kakhulu kangangokuthi ekugcineni ngeke kuhlaselwe. Kulesi sihloko sizobheka indlela yokuvimbela nokulwa nale nkathazo encane.

Okuqukethwe:

• Kuyingozi ngani
• Izimpawu zokunqotshwa
• Indlela yokubhekana ne-kidney mite kuma-currants
• Ama-agrotechnical receptions
• Amakhemikhali
• Izinyathelo zomphakathi
• Izinhlobo eziphikisayo
• Ukuvimbela

Ukuthi ama-parasite abukeka kanjani

Isibalo sezinso zezinso, sanda, kancane sigcwalisa ihlumela, futhi lokhu kuyeka ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela namaqabunga esihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-currant budget ethintekayo iba umthombo wegciwane elibangela ukutheleleka kwesitshalo sonke. Isikhumba sezinso noma i-Cecidophyopsis ribis ibukeka njengembongolo encane kakhulu, umzimba wayo ungaphezu kuka-0.15 mm ubude no-0.04 mm ububanzi. Lezi zinambuzane zihlala ezitshalweni zezitshalo zeberry, lapho zidlula kuzo zonke izigaba zokuthuthukiswa.

Ngo-Mashi, amantombazane amaqabunga alala amaqanda amancane amaqanda, aqala ukukhanya, njengoba ekhula futhi abe mhlophe-amhlophe. Ama-parasites aphuma "endlini yezinso" uma i-currant iphonsa izimbali namaqabunga.

Funda ukuthi ungavikela kanjani ama-currants ezifweni nasezinambuzane, ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni, isikhumba se-powdery, i-rust, ama-aphid, nokuthi yini okufanele yenze uma ama-currants enamabala abomvu emaqabunga, amaqabunga aphuzi.

Ngemva kokushiya indawo yokukhosela, izibungu zitholakala emagqumeni nasemkhakheni weqabunga, lapho iningi labo lifa maduzane. Labo abasinda (cishe u-1%) bahlelwe ukuhlala unomphela ezindaweni ezifihlekile ngoJuni, lapho bephinde babeke khona amaqanda.

Ukuhlala ku-currant eyodwa, izibungu zingakhula ngezizukulwane ezinhlanu. Kufanelekile ukufakazela ukuthi izinsokazi zezinso zesifazane ngesikhathi esisodwa zingakwazi ukubeka amakhulu amakhulu amaqanda.

Uyazi? Igama lesiLatini le-currants lizwakala sengathi "i-ribe". Igama lalesisitshalo lanikezwa ngabanqobi base-Arab of sunny Spain (711 BC), abathola ukunambitheka kwe-currant emnyama kakhulu kufana ne-rhubarb, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Farsi "ribas". Igama linamathela, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi igama le-botanical currant lizwakala ngaleyo ndlela.

Kuyingozi ngani

I-Cecidophyopsis ribi ifaka isandla ekulahlekeni okukhulu kwezitshalo zama-berries omnyama. Kuphelele, cishe amaphesenti angu-20 alahlekile. Konke lokhu kwenza ukulima kwe-currants kungabi nenzuzo encane, ngoba amahlumela anika isivuno esincane futhi esithengiswayo.

Ukuqothula eyodwa noma amaqabunga amaningana, umkhiqizo ukhula ngokushesha, futhi ukwandisa isikhala sendawo ngokulungisa iziqu ezilandelayo esihlahleni esifanayo noma ukuthuthela ezihlahleni eziseduze.

Kodwa into engathandeki kakhulu ukuthi izitshalo eziphethwe yisifo sezinso asinakwenzeka ukuphulukisa, futhi ziyaxoshwa futhi zisuswa ensimini yensimu ngenjongo yokuhlanzeka. Esikhundleni sezimali ezilindelekile zemali noma ukuvuna amajikijolo, umlimi wezolimo uyohlala ngisho ngaphandle kokutshala kweberry.

Izimpawu zokunqotshwa

Ama-mites asondeza isitshalo esitshalweni esiteshini samangqamuzana, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ajobe izinto ze-enzymatic ezingqamuzaneni eziphazamisa ukukhula nokwahlukana kwezimbali zembali.

Amaqabunga ama-currant omnyama abathintekayo ngombala ahlotshiswe ngokucacile, futhi abonakala evelele futhi enamandla ngokuqhathaniswa namahlumela enempilo. Ngokuvamile, iningi lawo liyabhujiswa esitshalweni, lingakaze lichithe.

Izihlahla ezishaywa yizinambuzane zikhula kancane kancane. Amaqabunga ezitshalo ezithathelwanayo amancane futhi amancane kunamaqabunga enempilo. Ngokuvamile banama-petioles amade kunamapheshana enempilo. Izithelo ezihlahleni ezinjalo, uma zivuthiwe, zinambitheka omuncu, amajikijolo amancane noma angaphili kahle futhi avuthwe ngokungalingani.

Uyazi? I-currant emnyama yabe isisekelo sokulungiselela iberry Mash kusukela eRusich lasendulo. Kuwo amajikijolo anomsindo kwakukhona ushukela wemvelo okwanele wokucubungula okugcwele nokulungiselela isiphuzo esiphezulu se-hop. Futhi ngosizo lwamantombazane e-currant juice eRussia asusa ubuso kusuka kuma-freckles.

Indlela yokubhekana ne-kidney mite kuma-currants

I-cecidophyopsis ribis isakazeke ezindaweni zethu zonke. Esinye sezizathu zalokhu ukulahlwa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali (endosulfan, amitraz kanye ne-carbosulfan), eyayisetshenziswe ngaphambilini kwezolimo nezimboni.

Kuyasihawukela, kodwa okwamanje asikho izinto ezinomsoco ezivunyelwe ukuhlolwa okuhlanzekile ukulwa nezinso zezinso kuma-currants. Kunconywa ukumba futhi ukubhubhisa izitshalo eziphethwe yile nkathazo emlilweni. Imifino emisha yemibhede kufanele itshalwe kuphela izithombo ezingathinteki yizinambuzane, futhi zithathwe ezindaweni zokuqeqeshwa ezifanelekayo, ezitholakala kude nezindawo zokusakaza kwesifo.

Ama-agrotechnical receptions

Ukulima okulungile kuyimfuneko ebaluleke kakhulu ekutshalweni okuphumelelayo kwemifino enempilo emihle. Izindleko ze-agrotechnical eziqhubekayo zokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-currants ziholela ekukhuleni kwenani lezinambuzane.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezimila ezincane kakhulu emajikijolo, ukwenqatshwa kokutshala kwenhlabathi phakathi kwemigqa yezihlahla, ukungahambisani nokujikelezwa kwezitshalo yizinto ezikhulisa amathuba okuba khona kwezinambuzane.

Indlela efanele ye-agrotechnical ihlanganisa:

• ukukhethwa kwendawo yeberry elizayo;
• ukubalwa komhlabathi;
• ukujikelezwa kwezitshalo okudingekayo ngesikhathi esifanele;
• ukutshala inhlabathi ngaphansi kwehla kanye naphakathi kwemigqa;
• ukulungiselela nokucwiliswa kwezitshalo ngaphambi kokutshala;
• ukulawula ukhula njalo;

Zijwayele ngokulawula ukhula.

• Ukuhlola okubukwayo njalo kokutshala kwezinambuzane;
• ukubhujiswa kwezinso ezinesifo kanye nezihlahla noma ukuqedwa okuphelele kwezihlahla ezigulayo;
• ukubhujiswa kwezitshalo ezithathelwanayo ezitshalweni ngomlilo.

Ungakwazi ukulwa nale nkathazo, kanye nezinye izinambuzane zaseberry ezihlahleni. Ngemuva kwamaconsi ama-currant ekwindla, udinga ukuhlola isihlahla ngasinye ngokulimaza izithelo ezivuthiwe noma amagatsha anamahlumela. Uma kukhona amahlumela ambalwa kuphela onegciwane (ekhulisiwe, evuvukale) esitshalweni, asuswa nge-secator. Uma ingxenye enkulu yesitshalo ithintekile, akusizi ngalutho ukuyigcina.

Kungcono ukusika wonke amagatsha ngamasheya okusika izihlahla (kuze kube semhlabathini), uhlelo lwempande ngaphansi komhlaba luzokhishwa ngamagatsha amasha okungeke abe nomkhawulo, ngoba ubusika kuphela engxenyeni engaphansi kwesitshalo.

Le nqubo ingaguli nje kuphela isihlahla, kodwa ibuye ivuselele. Isicelo esinjalo sezolimo sisetshenziselwa izinhlobo ze-currant eziwusizo, noma uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthola lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezinempilo zokutshala i-currant entsha.

Amakhemikhali

I-currants idinga ukucubungulwa ngaphambi kokuchichima, ngokushesha nje lapho i-shrub iqala ukuphonsa ukushayela kwama-peduncles. Kwakuyi-sikhathi ukuthi ukunqotshwa kwe-overwintering nokwandisa kakhulu inani labantu lezizinambuzane zaqala ukufuduka ukusuka "endlini" kuya emagatsheni amancane angakafiki. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, zingabhubhisa ngosizo lwamalungiselelo amakhemikhali angewona uhlelo.

Kubalulekile! Isibungu sezinso asiyona inambuzane! Ama poyiyoni ezinambuzane ukuwabhubhisa ngeke asebenze.

Ukubulala imikhaza, thatha imithi ye-acaricidal noma ye-insectoacaricidal. I-Berry ezigodini ezizimele kudingeka ilashwe ngemikhiqizo equkethe isulfure colloidal, inomuthi omncane we-toxin.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izihlahla ze-currant ezinesifo sezinso azikwazi ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-sulfur colloidal - kubangela ukushisa okukhulu phezu kwegxolo elibucayi.

Amalungiselelo e-acaricidal asebenza ezingeni lika-hormone futhi ayenjenge-toxic njengoba i-organophosphate isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwentwasahlobo.

Ama-acaricides asetshenzisiwe:

• "Nissoran";
• "Oberon";
• "Judo";
• "Nqabela 4F";
• "Envidor";
• "Movento";
• "Kontos";
• Actellic;
• "Apollo";
• "Neoron";
• Ama-Kinmiks.

Njengoba lezi zidakamizwa zingenamandla kakhulu, futhi imikhaza ihamba phakathi nenyanga, bese udinga ukuchitha izinqubo ezimbili noma ezintathu. Isikhathi esiphakathi kwezinqubo kumele okungenani sibe nezinsuku eziyishumi.

I-Organophosphate systemic acaricides inomphumela ophumelelayo kakhulu, kodwa ingasetshenziselwa izitshalo zeberry kuphela ekupheleni kokuvuna:

• "Bi-58";
• "Phosphamide";
• "Famidofos";
• I-Rogor-S;
• "Dimethrin";
• "Ukuvuma";
• Pilarmax;
• "Danadim".

Imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo:

• "Fitoverm";
• "Actofit".

Uyazi? Elinye igama lama-berries e-currant eRussia yi-berry yase-monastic. Ama-currants asetshalwe ezigodini zezindwendwe, futhi asetshenziselwa ukudla, ukwakhiwa kwemithi kanye nemithini yemibhede. Amaphephandaba e-monastic esifundeni sasePsykov nase-Novgorod esifundeni se-Novgorod aqukethe izikhombisi zezindela ze-currant ezikhula ngekhulu le-11. I-Currants yafika ezindadini ezizimele nasemapulazini asekhaya kuphela ngekhulu le-16.

Ukwelashwa kokuqala, kwesibili nokwesithathu: Isikhathi sokufeza le nqubo sinqunywa ukubonakala kwamapheshana okuqala aphelele kanye nokukhishwa kwama-peduncles kuma-currants. Ukushisa kwomoya ngesikhathi sokwelapha akufanele kube ngaphansi kwe-+5 ° C, emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukwelashwa kwemvula noma iqhwa ngeke kube nomphumela oyifunayo.

Ama-berry amahlumela aphethwe ngokupompela ama-pesticides eziphilayo ezilwa nezinambuzane ("Actofit", "Bitoksibatsillin", "Fitoverm").

Imithi ye-pesticide ibuye ihlanganise i- "Merpan", "Hom", "Thanos", "Corado", "Bravo", "Biathlon".

Ukucubungula kwesinye sezidakamizwa ezikhethiwe kwenziwa masonto onke, kudingeka wenze izinqubo ezintathu ezinjalo. Ikhefu phakathi kwezinqubo eziqhubekayo kufanele kube izinsuku eziyisikhombisa.

Ukwelashwa nge-sulfur enezinhlaka eziqukethe: kusukela esikhathini lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuqhakaza, futhi kuze kube sekupheleni kwenyanga ukukhululwa kwezidumbu eziningi futhi ukuhamba kwabo ngokuqhubekayo engadini kuyoqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, kulula kakhulu ukuthonya izinambuzane ngosizo lwezokwelapha ngamalungiselelo aqukethe isulfure ("Karbofos", i-lime-sulfur decoction). Uma nje i-currant efihlekile iqala ukuvela, kungenzeka ukuthi ukwenze ukwelashwa kokuqala nge-2% i-lime-sulfur decoction.

Hlola izici zokunakekelwa kwe-currants ekwindla nasentwasahlobo.

Cishe eminyakeni eyishumi noma ngokushesha lapho izimbali ze-shrub ziphela, ukucutshungulwa ngokuphindaphindiwe nge-1% umhluzi kwenziwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitshalo zingelashwa ngesisombululo se-sulfur ne-colloidal.

Lapho uphefa izihlahla, zama ukuphatha ngokucophelela igatsha ngalinye le-currant bese uhluma.

Uyazi? Ezingqungqutheleni zaseRussia, kubizwa igama lomfula uSomorinovka noma u-Currant. Kwakusemfuleni iSmorodino ukuthi iqhawe eliyindilinga lalinenkinga nenyoka enenhloko emithathu uGorynych futhi yamhlula. Kuyacaca ukuthi igama lomfula wasendulo lanikezwa ngokuhlonipha amajikijolo akhula ngokuvame kakhulu ekhula ngasogwini lwawo.

Izinyathelo zomphakathi

Sekuyisikhathi eside abalimi befunda ukuthola ubulungiswa bezinambuzane ezimbi ezinamahlumela e-currant ngosizo lwabantu abapheka. Ukubhujiswa komuthi wezinso kunemali eningi: uthele amanzi abilayo, amanzi a-garlic, isardard ne-dandelion infusions, ukusetshenziswa kwezixazululo ze-sulfuric.

Ukucubungula ama-berry amahlahla ngamanzi abilayo.

Le ukwelashwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kukaMashi, ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ihlumela likhule phezu kwesitshalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwehlathini kusekhona iqhwa. Ukuze ufeze le nqubo ngokufanele, udinga ukubopha isihlahla esishisayo ngesimo "somshanelo", uguqulwe phansi bese uyilungisa isikhathi senqubo.

Ibhakede lamanzi liyashisa futhi lilethwe ngamathumba, emva kwalokho amanzi athululelwa ensimini yensimbi yensimbi kanye namagxolo e-currant athululelwa phezu kwamagatsha namagxolo. Amanzi ashisayo abhubhisa amakhekithi aphuza izinso, abhubhisa izinhlamvu zezifo ze-fungal (i-powdery mildew kanye nezinye) ezihlaselwa ezitshalweni nasezindaweni eziphansi, kuthuthukisa izinga lokuzivikela kwesitshalo.

Abanye abalimi abanolwazi bangase bathulule i-currant ngamanzi abilayo ekwindla sekwephuzile (ekuqaleni kuya kwa-Novemba). Ngalesi sikhathi, imikhaza ephethwe yizinso isivele ibonakala ngokucacile - ziphindwe izikhathi eziningana kunezinempilo.

Ukucubungula i-garlic ekhishwe.

Ukuze ulungise ukumnika, amagremu angu-200 kagalikhi athathwa, ahlanjululwe futhi aphunywe ngokusebenzisa i-grinder inyama (i-garlic dish). I-pulp eqoshiwe ichithe amalitha ayishumi amanzi bese ushiye ukunika amahora angu-2-3. I-brew eqedile ihlungwa nge-sieve noma i-gauze egoqwe emigqeni emibili noma emithathu. Ukuchithwa kwe-garlic ehlanjululwe kahle ukuphalaza ama-currant.

Ukumnika umfutho kusuka kumkhakheni.

Amagremu angu-200 omasinaphi owomile athululelwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi futhi ashiye ubusuku bonke ukuze athole. Ekuseni, isixazululo sihlungwa ngesihlava esihle, sithelelwa ku-tank spray futhi siphathwa ngezitshalo.

Ukumnika ama-dandelions.

• 200 amagremu ama-dandelion izimpande (ahlanza futhi ahlanziwe);
• 50 amagremu amaqabunga ama-green dandelion;
• 10 amalitha amanzi.

Izimpande namaqabunga adluliselwa nge-grinder yenyama, inqwaba yemifino echotshoziwe ifakwe ebhaketheni elingu-10 litre futhi ichithe amanzi phezulu kwesitsha. Okuqukethwe ibhakede kuhlangene kahle, futhi kwesokunxele amahora ambalwa ukukhipha.

Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, ukumnika ukulungele ukusetshenziswa. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, lokhu ukumnika kufanele kuhlungwe.

Ukwelapha ngesisombululo se-colloidal sulfur.

Amagremu ayi-10 omuthi adluliselwa kwisitsha esikhulu sensimbi noma epulasitiki futhi athululelwa ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi abandayo, axutshwe kahle, avalwe ngesibindi futhi ashiye imizuzu engu-10-15.

Emva kwalokho, isixazululo silungile, singasetshenziswa ukuphatha izihlahla ze-currants ezimnyama nezibomvu, i-gooseberries.

Izinhlobo eziphikisayo

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphuma kumbuthano ononya wokulawulwa kwezidakamizwa wonyaka, uzobe ubeka amajikijolo amasha, usebenzisa izinhlobo eziphikisana nale nkathazo.

Funda ngokunakekelwa kwama-currants amnyama, ama-currants abomvu, ama-currants amhlophe nama-currants egolide.

I-currant emnyama:

• "Irmen" ne "Memory of Michurin";
• "Potapenko yasekuqaleni" nethi "In Memory of Potapenko";
• "Nightingale ebusuku" kanye "Belarusian sweet";
• "Minx", "Sevchanka", "Riddle";
• "Leningrad Sweet" ne "Leningrad Giant";
• "Kipiana" no "Oryol Serenade";
• "Nara", "Otradnaya", "Chernysh";
• "I-Black Pearl" nelithi "Kunamandla".

Uyazi? Igama lesiRashiya igama elitholwa ngegama "ukuphosa"kusho ukuthini "iphunga" (manje "ukuphosa" ehambisana nephunga elimnandi, kodwa okhokho bethu babehlukile ngokuhlukile), ngoba iphunga le-currant, ikakhulukazi elimnyama, liyabonakala kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlushwa okukhulu kwamafutha abalulekile.

I-Red Currant:

• "Bathandekayo";
• "I-Red Cross";
• "Yonker van Tets";
• "Cherry Vixne";
• Chulkovskaya;
• "Ilyinka";
• "Ubuhle be-Ural";
• "Izinkamba Zamadolobha";
• "I-Scarlet dawn".

I-currant emhlophe:

• "Snezhana";
• "Fairy White";
• "Bayana";
• "Squirrel";
• "Versailles white".

Ezindaweni zokudlela kanye nezitolo ezikhethekile zezitshalo, ungathenga ama-currant saplings avela emazweni ahlukene (eRussia, e-Ukraine, ePoland). Umgadi wensimu kudingeka akhethe lezo ezihambisana kakhulu nezimo zezulu ezinikeziwe.

Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo ze-currant ezikhiqiza kakhulu nezifo kancane kancane kulahlekelwa izimfanelo zayo. Ukuzikhukhumeza kwesitshalo esidala kubuthakathaka ngenxa yobudala, futhi kungase kube nomuthi we-kidney currant.

Ukuvimbela

Uma uhlela nje ukutshala i-currant berry, khona-ke kufanele uthathe izinyathelo ukuze ube nezitshalo ezinempilo kanye nokuvuna okugcwele kwamajikijolo esikhathini esizayo.

1. Khetha izinhlobo ezingavumelani nezifo ezivamile nezinambuzane ze-currants.
2. Thatha ama-cuttings ukuze uzalise kuphela ngempilo, ungenwa yizilokazane nezifo zezifo.
3. Esikhathini esingaphandle (ekwindla sekwephuzile, ebusika, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo) ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kanye nokubhujiswa kweziqu eziphethwe yizihlahla ezihlahleni.
4. Susa izihlahla ezigulayo, ususe emasimini aseberry bese ushisa.
5. Yenza imithi yokuvimbela ngesikhathi ngezifo kanye nezilokazane ezinamakhemikhali namakhemikhali.
6. Hlukanisa izinto zokutshala ezitholakalayo.

Kubalulekile! Ukuthengwa (okunikeziwe) izithombo ezincane ngaphambi kokutshala kumele zicutshungulwe. Ukwelapha okushisayo kulungele kakhulu ukushiswa kwe-disinfection - izithombo zithelelwa ngamanzi ashisayo (40 °C) imizuzu engu-15-20. Ngemuva kokunakekelwa kokushisa, izithombo zifakwe kwisisombululo se-Fitoverma. Kumelwe ulungiselelwe ngokuvumelana nalokho okushiwo ukulungiswa.

Ngezinjongo ze-prophylaxis, phakathi kwemigqa ye-currants, kungenzeka ukutshala ama-clove amaningi noma u-anyanisi e-anyanisi. I-garlic isakaza i-phytoncides emoyeni nasenhlabathini, engathandwa kakhulu yi-kidney mite. Kunconywa ukuba kuqhutshelwa ukufika okunjalo yonke intwasahlobo, kuzosebenza njengenye uhlobo lokuvikelwa kwama-currants.

I-blackcurrant bud mite (i-Cecidophyopsis ribis) iyingozi hhayi kuphela ekutshalweni kwemifino emhlophe, ebomvu neyomnyama - iyohlala ijabule ngokuhlelwa kwezihlahla ze-ugqumugqumu.

Ukuvimbela izinambuzane ekutshaleni ingadi yakho nokubhubhisa izitshalo zakusasa, ungabi nesivila ukuhlola ukutshala okujwayelekile kanye nokuvimbela izifo, ukuthenga kuphela izinto zokutshala okunempilo kumkhiqizi onokwethenjelwa.