I-sweetcorn ijwayele wonke umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni. Izinhlamvu zegolide zine ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele, futhi akusikho isitshalo esisodwa esingahle siphume kancane kancane ukunambitheka komkhumbi wokhula. Namuhla, lesi sitshalo sinesinye sezizinda ezihola phakathi kwezitshalo zezolimo ngenxa yokungathobeki kokulima nokusetshenziswa kwayo okuhlukahlukene.
I-Corn Corn "Bonduelle"
Lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo asipheleli abantu kuphela, kodwa futhi sinezilwane. Abalimi emazweni amaningi basebenza ekuzaleni izinhlobo ezintsha, ezithuthukisiwe zalesi sitshalo.
Izinhlobo zekhanda "i-Bonduelle" ayikho ngempela. Leli yinkambo yokumaketha yephawu lokuhweba legama elifanayo, elihlanganisa ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa ukucubungula (ukulondolozwa) kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid ezinamakhadi okuhlwanyela, njenge "uMoya" kanye ne "Bonus", ebonakala ngezici ezilandelayo:
- isitshalo sonyaka sakhula sibe ngu 3 m ukuphakama;
- uthanda ukukhanya nokufudumala. Ukwehlisa isomiso encane;
- iphendula ngokungathandeki ukuthunga, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yokuqala yenkathi yokukhula;
- kusukela ekukhuleni kwezithombo ukuvuna, kudlula izinsuku ezingama-120;
- ikhula kahle enhlabathini evundile;
- Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza kusuka ku-cube eyodwa kuya kweyesibili, sikhule sibe ngu-22 cm futhi sibe nezinhlamvu ezinkulu zegolide eziphuzi ngokuthungwa okubucayi kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi.
Uyazi? Ukukhula okusanhlamvu okwenziwa ngo-4250 BC. i-er Lokhu kuboniswa ukutholakala kwezinhlamvu ezitholakala eMexico. Ubude benkomo abukho ngaphezu kwama-5 cm, futhi namuhla kunesilinganiso esingu-20 cm.
Ummbila omnandi uthandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali. 100 g izithelo aqukethe:
- i-nicotinic acid (PP) - 2.1 mg - edingekayo ngezinqubo ze-redox emzimbeni, ehlisa i-cholesterol futhi ihileleke ekuvuseleleni igazi;
- i-choline (B4) - 71 mg - iqhaza ekwakheni amangqamuzana omzimba, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwesibindi nenhliziyo;
- i-beta carotene - 0.32 mg - i-antioxidant kakhulu, ilwa nama-radicals mahhala;
- i-thiamine (B1) - 0.38 mg - kudingekile izinqubo zokugaya umzimba emzimbeni;
- i-folic acid (B9) - 26 μg - ibandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni amaseli obomvu egazi;
Thola ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kokwenza i-popcorn.
- i-tocopherol (E) - 1.3 mg - kusiza ukususa ama-slags kanye nemiboniso ye-antioxidant;
- i-potassium - 340 mg - kuyadingeka kwisistimu yamathambo abantu;
- i-phosphorus - 301 mg - ibandakanyeka ekuqiniseni nasekugcineni amathambo namazinyo;
- isulfure - 114 mg - "amaminerali obuhle" ukuze alondoloze isimo esijwayelekile sezinwele, izipikili nesikhumba;
- I-magnesium - 104 mg - igcina izinga lokushisa komzimba futhi likhona ezinkambisweni zokuphila eziyisisekelo;
- i-chlorine - 54 mg - ijwayelekile ukugaya ukudla, igcina ukuguquguquka kwamalungu, kubalulekile isibindi nenhliziyo;
- i-calcium - 34 mg - ibandakanyeka ekwakheni amathambo amathambo, elawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukushaya inhliziyo, ukunciphisa i-cholesterol;
- I-sodium - 27 mg - kuyadingeka ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi usawoti emzimbeni.
Kubalulekile! Ngokwesilinganiso, kutholakala amagremu angama-200 ezinhlamvu ezidliwayo ekhanda elilodwa. Ukudla ama-cobs angu-2 ngosuku, uthola iningi lokudla kwekhalori yansuku zonke okudingayo ukuthi uyicabangele abantu abanamakhilogremu engeziwe.
Inani lomsoco wezinhlamvu eziyi-100 g:
- amaprotheni - 10.3 g;
- amafutha 4.9 g;
- ama-carbohydrate - 60 g;
- amanzi - 14 g;
- isitashi - 58.2 g;
- i-fibre yokudla - 9.6 g
- Iziguli ezine-atherosclerosis - 400 g wezinhlamvu zizovikela imithwalo yegazi emagqabeni egazi, ivuselele imithi ye-cholesterol.
- Ngokukhathala okungapheli noma ukukhathala - 200 g wezimagesi esaladini kuzosiza ukubuyisela amandla.
- I-Carotenoids ekusizeni komkhiqizo nezifo zamehlo - izikhathi ezintathu ngesonto kudingeka udle ambalwa okusanhlamvu.
- I-fibre yezokudla ihle hlambulula izindonga zamathumbu ezivela emathunjini, Ngakho-ke, utshani lunconywa abantu abanezinkinga zomzimba.
I-Tibetan lofant, i-white mar, amabhanana omisiwe, i-home fern, i-lagenaria, isipinashi, i-broccoli, i-amaranth, i-horseradish, iklabishi yaseChina, i-nectarines, i-plums kanye no-utamatisi izokusiza ukususa ubuthi kanye nobuthe emzimbeni.
- I-Selenium emkhiqizo isiza ngokushesha ususe utshwala emzimbeni futhi ulwe nesibindi ngokudla ngokweqile kwamafutha - 1 isipuni semikhiqizo ekheniwe ngaphambi komkhosi kuzokusiza ukugwema izinkinga.
- Kunesidingo sabalimi - izitshalo zamaprotheni zemifino ngenani limile ezingeni elifanayo nama-protein asezilwane.
Ngokuhambisana nezinzuzo zommbila kunokuphikiswa okunye:
- Uma izidakamizwa nezilonda zesisu kudingeka zidle okusanhlamvu ezincane kakhulu.
- Njengoba ukwanda kwegazi kwegazi, kudingeka uqaphele lo mkhiqizo, ngoba i-vitamin K equkethwe kuyo iyashesha le nqubo.
- Akunconywa ngabantu abashiywe isisindo noma basendlini yokudla.
- Lapho ukwelashwa kokudla.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhishwa kwamabele okusanhlamvu kuyasiza ekuvimbeleni izicubu ezimbi, futhi ukwamukelwa kwawo kunciphisa ukukhula kwabo.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
Ummbila, njengezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane, kulezi zigaba ze-botanical uhlukaniswe ngamaqembu angu-9, lesi sigaba sincike kwisakhiwo nokuma kokusanhlamvu. Cabangela ezinye zezinhlobo:
- Ushukela - iqembu elikhulu kunawo wonke, elikhula kabanzi emhlabeni wonke. Leli qembu lihlanganisa izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala, njenge-Trofi F1, i-Sugar F1 nabanye. Ukulimala kwenzeka emavikini angu-12 emva kokuhluma. Izitshalo zifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili futhi zinama-cobs anesisindo esingaba ngu-220 g ngezinhlamvu ezinhle eziphuzi eziphuzi. Izinhlobonhlobo zasemkhatsini "Svitstar F Hybrid" ne "Amapharele" ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinyanga ezintathu zibekezeleleke kakhulu ukusalela okwesikhashana okungathinti izinga lezinhlamvu. Khula kuze kufike ku-2.5 m, ne-cobs elula kuze kube ngu-23 cm ubude, ububanzi buka-6 cm ubukhulu obufinyelela ku-200 g, nezici ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitheka. Umbala we-okusanhlamvu uhlukahluka kwelamula kuze kube ophuzi ojulile. Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa kwe-late "Polaris" ne "Bashkirovets", ngezikhathi zokuvuthwa ezinsukwini ezifika ku-110, zenze kahle ezimweni ezikhulayo ezikhulayo. Ukuphakama kufinyelela kumamitha amathathu, kanti izindlebe zombala wegolide zikhula zibe ngu-24 cm futhi zikwazi ukukala u-350 g. Zonke izinhlobo zommbila omnandi zisetshenziselwa kakhulu embonini yokudla, ngoba uma zifika, zihlanganisa isamba esikhulu soshukela enomsoco nephesenti encane.
Ummbila ungenye yezitshalo ezindala kakhulu, futhi uhlanganisa: ukolweni, ibhali, i-oats, i-rye, i-millet, i-buckwheat
- Ukuvutha - ihlanganisa izinhlobo "Oerlikon", "Volcano", ezitholakala ekuphekeni kwe-popcorn futhi zihlukile esakhiweni sohlamvu. Uma ishisa, i-droplet yamanzi ngaphakathi kokusanhlamvu iphenduka umusi, okwenza ukuba iphule. Izimila zifinyelela ubude bamamitha amabili, zikhula ama-cobs kuze kufike ku-22 cm ubude futhi zilinganiselwa ku-250 g. Ukusanhlamvu kufana namafomu amabili - irayisi (phezulu iyindilinga) kanye nebhali (phezulu kunomlomo). Ikhwalithi eliyigugu leli qembu lommbila liqukethwe kwamaprotheni angaphezu kwangu-16%; ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwe-popcorn, isetshenziselwa ukwenza okusanhlamvu nofulawa.
- Isitashi - kabanzi ekusakazweni eMelika. Izinhlobo "Mays Concho" kanye "Thompson Prolific" ziveza isivuno esikhulu. Izimila zifinyelela ku-3 m ubude, buhlaza, zinamahlamvu amaningi. I-Cobs ingakhula kuze kufike ku-45 cm, okusanhlamvu kunkulu, ngenhla ephezulu ye-convex ephuzi ephuzi noma emhlophe. Ummbila waleli qembu usetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa okusanhlamvu kanye nofulawa ophezulu, kanye no-alcohol, isitashi, njengoba imbewu iqukethe u-80% wesitashi kanye namaprotheni ayishumi kuphela.
- Ucebile - izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zakuqala "i-Cherokee Blue" enomkhiqizo ophakeme, ukhula ufike ku-2 m ubude futhi ubude bufike ku-18 cm ubude. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa siyizinyanga ezingu-2.5. I-kernel inemibala ye-lilac-chocolate, color size. Abilisiwe ngendlela engekho ngaphansi kwe-sweetcorn. Ukuvuthwa kwesikhathi eside kunezinhlobonhlobo ze "Mays Ornamental Congo", inkathi ekhulayo yizinsuku ezingu-130. Ikhula endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-2.5, inani lama-cob esitshalweni sifinyelela ezingxenyeni ezine. Ukutshala okusanhlamvu kuqukethe kufika ku-83% isitashi kanye namaprotheni angu-18. Ngokwalezi zinkomba, kusetshenziselwa kabanzi ukukhiqizwa okusanhlamvu kanye nofulawa, izinti zommbila nama-flakes ezenziwe kuwo, futhi zisetshenziselwa ukudla kwezilwane.
- Like-in - Isici esihlukile saleli qembu wukuthi okusanhlamvu okukhulu kunomumo ohlangene kanye namafomu okuqeda phezulu ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. I weevil ifana nokuma kwezinyo, ngakho-ke izinhlobo zinegama elinjalo. Lesi sitshalo sinesisindo esisodwa nezinqwaba eziningi. Ihlinzekwa yizinhlobonhlobo "Spring Spring 179 SV" kanye "Moldavsky 215 MV" ngezindlebe zobude obude kuze kube ngu-25 cm nesisindo 130 g. I weevil iphuzi ngokuqukethwe kwamatashi - 70% namaprotheni - 16%. Khuliswe okusanhlamvu nokusila kwe-silage.
Uyazi? Ucwaningo oluqhutshwa eNyuvesi yaseNagoya (eJapane) lubonise ukuthi ummbila obomvu uqukethe i-pigment evimbela umdlavuza wekolon, uhlobo olubulalayo lwe-oncology, kusukela ekuthuthukisweni.
Izinhlobonhlobo zembala
Emlandweni womhlaba wokulima ummbila kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinemibala:
- purple "Maiz morado" - corn corn exotic. Sekuyisikhathi eside saziwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga yaseMelika, lapho kwakuyisisekelo esikhulu samaNdiya. Inzuzo enkulu yalezi zinhlobo iyinani elikhulu lama-anthocyanins, okuwumphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala, imiphumela yokuvuselela kanye ne-antioxidant. Yenza ngokugcwele ama-radicals wamahhala, uvikele izitsha ezivela esenzweni sabo esilimazayo. Amakhono we-antioxidant alolu hlobo lommbila aphakeme kakhulu kunelawo ama-blueberries (i-fighter ephumelelayo emelene ne-radicals yamahhala). Ngenxa yalekhwalithi, ummbila obomvu ungabizwa ngokuthi ama-superfood. ENtshonalanga, ngefulawa oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-muffins nama-pancake akhiwa kusukela kulommbila, futhi ePeru benza isiphuzo esibubende, i-morada.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinkinga zokutshala nokunakekelwa, indlela yokuvuna nokuthi ungagcina kanjani ummbila ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa.
- "Igoli le-Glass" - ama-cobs aguquguqukayo amathoni ahlukene. Utshani lwavulwa e-Oklahoma ngomlimi uKarl Barnes futhi lumelela olunye lwezinhlobo zemifino eningi. Kusuka kuwo ungapheka ufulawa, i-popcorn. Ngendlela yezinhlamvu ezihlanzekile ekudleni, akufanelekile. Kubuciko bokuhlobisa kuthandwa kakhulu ngenxa yombala okhethekile wezinhlamvu. Imbewu yalezi ezihlukahlukene ingalawulwa kwiwebhusayithi yeSeeds Trust. Zithandwa kakhulu kangangokuba inkampani ayinaso isikhathi sokuyikhiqiza.
Kusukela enhlobonhlobo enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo ze-sweetcorn, ungakhetha ukubukeka okuthandwa kakhulu futhi uyitshale kusayithi lakho, ngoba lesi sivuno asifuni ukukhathalela, into esemqoka: Ungakhohlwa ukuwasebenzisa. Futhi ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla uzothola isivuno sezinhlayiya ezimnandi, ezingenakususwa nje kuphela, zilondoloze zonke izakhi, kodwa futhi zingagcinwa, zikwazi iresiphi yokuvuna.
