I-Epiphyllum - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe, ukuzala kabusha

I-Epiphyllum (Epiphyllum) - umuthi omuhle wezimbali ovela emndenini we-cactus. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, likhula njengesitshalo se-ampel. Kubonakala ngeziqu ezinde, ezinamagatsha anamaphethelo noma ezintabeni. Izimbali zinkulu, zibunjiwe njenge-funnel. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-phyllocactus.

Ezansi zimbozwe yizikali ezincane neminsinga. Emvelweni ukhula njenge-epiphyte; ezimweni zamakamelo ukhula kahle emgodini ongaphansi. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-epiphyllum yiziindawo ezishisayo nezingaphansi kweNingizimu Melika.

Futhi qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ukuthi ungakhula kanjani uphondo we-prickly ezimeni zangaphakathi.

Izici eziwusizo

Izithelo ze-meaty ze-phyllocactus zingadliwa. Izici zabo zokuphulukisa zazaziwa nangamaNdiya omdabu. Emithini yabomdabu, ujusi we-Dreamland namaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Dreamland asetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-psoriasis nanjengendlela yokuhlanza amathumbu.

Izici zokukhula ekhaya. Kafushane

Epiphyllum ekhaya ukhule umane:

I-Epiphyllum: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Ukunakekela i-epiphyllum ekhaya kufanele kube ngaphansi kwemithetho ethile.

Izimbali

Isikhathi sezimbali zamaqabunga cactus siba ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ukuqala kwehlobo. Izitshalo ezindala, ezakhiwe kahle zimbozwe kakhulu ngezimbali ezinkulu, ezinephunga elimhlophe, elibomvu noma lipinki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngayinye yezimbali ihlala cishe izinsuku ezi-5.

Ungashukumisa kanjani ukuqhakaza

Ukuvuselela ukuqhakaza kwe-epiphyllum, ekwindla wonke amahlumela amadala anqunywa esihlahleni. Uma ebusika kwakugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, okunye ukuthungwa kwenziwa kwentwasahlobo.

Ngesikhathi sokunqunywa, wonke amahlumela acashile naphakeme ayasuswa.

Imodi yokushisa

I-Epiphyllum ikhule ngokushisa kwe + 23-25 ​​°. Ngokuqala kwekwindla, izinga lokushisa kumele lincishiswe libe ngu + 15 °. Kubanda futhi kahle ku- + 5 °, ngakho-ke uma kukhona i-loggia efudumele noma i-veranda ingathathwa lapho.

Ukufafaza

I-epiphyllum yasekhaya ivumelanisa kahle nokuswakama kwomoya okukhona. Kepha uma amazinga okushisa egumbini ekhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-26 °, isitshalo kufanele sifafazwe nsuku zonke. Ukufafaza nakho kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokukhula ngamandla kwesisindo samaqabunga nangezimbali.

Isibani

Kudingeka ukukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa okungonakalisiwe. Ngokutshala kwayo, amafasitela asuselwa empumalanga noma asentshonalanga afaneleka kakhulu. Ungakhula ama-unsulents ovela ohlangothini olusenyakatho, kodwa ukugeleza kwezimbali kulokhu kuzoba buthakathaka.

Ukuze isihlahla sikhula ngokulinganayo, imbiza enesitshalo kufanele ijikelezwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqala kokukhula kwehlumela nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lokhu ngeke kwenziwe. Zonke izimbali zingavele zidilike.

Ukunisela

Ehlobo, siphuze njalo futhi kaningi. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ingaphezulu lomhlabathi phakathi kokunisela kufanele lome kancane. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kaningi. Imvamisa, izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngenyanga zanele. Lapho amazinga okushisa ehla afike ku-5 °, ukuthambisa kuyamiswa ngokuphelele.

Imbiza

Isitshalo se-epiphyllum sitshalwa endlini ngamapulasitiki abanzi noma ezitsheni ze-ceramic. Into esemqoka ukuthi izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi zenziwa ngaphansi kwazo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uyi-hygrophilous, ukumiswa komswakama kuyambulala.

Inhlabathi

Ukuze kukhule i-epiphyllum, kukhanya inhlabathi evundile. Ukuhlanganisa ingxube yenhlabathi, ama-humus, umhlaba wesod nesihlabathi, asetshenziswa ngokulingana. I-substrate yezimboni ye-cacti nayo ilungele ukukhula. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, kuxutshwa ne-peat ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 1.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ngesikhathi sokukhula okuthe xaxa nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, anikezwa njalo emavikini ama-2.

Ngokugqoka okuphezulu, kukhethwa umanyolo onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium, i-nitrogen iyingozi kuyo.

Ukufakelwa

Ukufakelwa kwe-Epiphyllum kwenziwa ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Isitshalo kuqala sivunyelwe ukuphumula inyanga bese kuphela bese siqala ukufakelwa. Amamodeli amancane, akhula ngokuqinile atshalwa minyaka yonke. Izitshalo ezindala njengoba zikhula, njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3.

Izihlahla

I-Epiphyllum idinga ukuthenwa okungapheli. Kwenziwa ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokuphumula. Esitshalweni, wonke amahlumela anezinhlaka, agwegwe futhi alimile ayasuswa. Lapho unquma, ukulinganisa kufanele kubhekwe. Amabhajethi abekwa kuphela amahlumela wonyaka odlule.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Ukuze kube nezimbali eziningi, i-epiphyllum idinga isikhathi sokuphumula. Izitshalo eziqukethwe ukushisa nazo ziyaqhakaza, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside kangako futhi ziningi. Isikhathi sokuphumula siqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari.

Ngalesi sikhathi zigcinwa ku + 10-12 °.

I-Epiphyllum ekhulayo evela kwiMbewu

Njengabaningi bezinye izidingongqangi, kulula ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Kuhlwanyelwa enhlanganisweni yenhlabathi ngaphandle kokufakwa okulandelayo. Ukutshala iziqukathi ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama ophezulu kumbozwe ngefilimu futhi kugcinwe emazingeni okushisa angama-25-25. Izilimo kufanele zifakwe umoya ngezikhathi ezithile ngenkathi zisusa i-condensate eqoqiwe.

Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho, ifilimu isuswa ngokushesha. Okokuqala, izithombo zithola ukwakheka okungelona uphawu lwe-epiphyllum, ziba isicaba ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-3-4 zokutshala. Izitshalo ezikhulwe kusuka ezinhlwanyelweni zembewu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-4-5.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Epiphyllum ngokusikwa

Iziqongo zezitshalo ezakhiwe kahle ngonyaka odlule zilungele ukuzalaniswa. Ukusikwa kobude be-10-15 cm kuyasuswa kubo. Isisekelo saso empeleni sakhiwe ngendlela yomdwebo. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izingcezu zomiswa izinsuku ezingama-2-3 kuze kube yilapho uhlobo lwengilazi lomshubhu lusikwa. Isihlabathi esingcolile noma inhlabathi yama-anculents isetshenziselwa ukutshala.

Izilimo zitshalwa zibheke kumuntu obukhulu obungama-1 cm. Isitshalo esikhulwe kusuka eziqwini eziqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo.

Futhi, ukusika kungagxila ngaphezulu kwamanzi. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, emva kokoma, zihlanganiswe esitsheni ukuze ingxenye yazo engezansi isondele ebusweni bamanzi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwe-primordia yezimpande, ama-cuttings atshalwa ngokushesha kuleyo ndawo engaphansi.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Epiphyllum ngokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla

Abantu abadala, amabhishi we-phyllocactus akhula ngesikhathi sokufakelwa angahlukaniswa izingxenye eziningi. Unembe ngamunye usuvele ungumdala, isitshalo esenziwe kahle. Ngemuva kokuhlukanisa, isihlahla siqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Izazi zezimbali zivame ukubhekana nezinkinga eziningi:

• Epiphyllum aluqhakaza. Isikhathi sezimbali singase singabikho ngenxa yokungahambisani nemibandela yasebusika, ukuntuleka kokukhanya, i-nitrogen ethe xaxa emhlabathini. Kuyadingeka ukulungisa izimo zokuboshwa, ukuhlinzeka lesi sitshalo ubusika obufanele ngezinga elanele lokukhanya.
• Amahlumela awile. Inkinga ivela lapho ijika noma isusa isitshalo.
• Amabala amnyama emaqabungeni avele ngenxa yokuthuthuka kokubola okumnyama. Isitshalo esithintekile kumele siphathwe ngesikhunta, njengeFundazole.
• Izindawo ezinsundu ezikhanyayo emaqabungeni khombisa ukuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka ngefungus. Ama-fungicides asetshenziselwa nokwelashwa.
• Amabala abomvu aphuzi emacembe ziwumphumela wamanzi lapho unisela elangeni.
• Izimpande ziyabola. Inkinga ivela ngokunisela ngokweqile kanye nokuntuleka kwamanzi. Ukusindisa isitshalo, ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo kwenziwa ngokususwa kwezimpande ezibolile.
• Amahlumela ancipha bese alahlekelwa yi-turgor ngokuntuleka komswakama nokuchayeka elangeni. Isitshalo sidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokuchelela okwanele ngokuhambisa ibhodwe endaweni enombani okhanyayo.
• Amacembe aqhekekile epiphyllum. Lapho usebenzisa ukugqokwa okuphezulu nge-nitrogen, amapuleti amaqabunga angaqhekeka. Ukufaka umanyolo kumele kumiswe okwesikhashana.

Kwezinambuzane ezivame ukutholakala: mealybug, spider mite, thrips. Ukulwa nabo, kusetshenziswa ama-insecticides akhethekile.

Izinhlobo ze-epiphyllum ekhaya ezinezithombe namagama

Kwi-floriculture yangaphakathi, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zivame ukusetshenziswa:

I-Epiphyllum anguliger noma i-angular Epiphyllum anguliger

Izinhlobo ezinamagatsha anamandla anezindilinga eziyindilinga noma onxantathu zigcotshisiwe ngaphansi. Ubude beziqu bungafinyelela kumitha eli-1 noma ngaphezulu. Izimbali ziphakathi nendawo ngokubomvu okukhanyayo.

I-Epiphyllum oxypetalum, i-Epiphyllum oxypetalum engumbala

Uhlobo luphawulwa izitshalo ezinkulu ezifika kumamitha ayi-3 ukuphakama. Iziqu ziyizicaba ngemiphetho ye-wavy. Izimbali zikhulu kakhulu, ububanzi bazo obuphakathi buyi-15 cm noma ngaphezulu.

Epiphyllum Hooker Epiphyllum hookeri

Kubonakala ngeziqu ezinde ezigelezayo nezimbali ezimhlophe. Ku-vivo kukhula eCuba.

I-Epiphyllum serated Epiphyllum crenatum

Isiqu sombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-luhlaza okufika ku-80 cm ubude, onemiphetho eqoshiwe. Ububanzi bezimbali bungamasentimitha ayi-15. Umbala wazo uyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo.

Epiphyllum phyllanthus Epiphyllum phyllanthus

Ku-vivo kukhula eNingizimu Melika. Ubude bamahlumela bufinyelela kumitha eyi-1. Izimbali zipinki, zikhulu kakhulu.

Epiphyllum Guatemalan Epiphyllum guatemalense

Iziqu ziqukethe izingxenye ezifana namaqabunga e-oki esesimweni. Ubungako besixhumanisi ngasinye singaba cm 5. Izimbali zingaba zipinki, zibomvu noma zimhlophe.

Epiphyllum ackerman Epiphyllum ackermanii

Iziqu ziyisicaba, zithambekele ngezinqubo zeserase ezansi. Izimbali zibomvu ngombala ogqamile, zihlala phezu kwe-peduncle enobuntu obuncane.

Epiphyllum lau Epiphyllum laui

Buka ngeziqu ezinkulu ezimbozwe ngezinaliti ezincanyana kakhulu kuze kufike ku-4 mm ubude. Izimbali zingubisi noma ukhilimu, zivulwa kuphela kusihlwa. Isitshalo sihlala cishe izinsuku ezi-2.