Igama elithi "segeus" elisuka kolulini lwesiLatini lisho "ikhasi le-wax". Endle, i-cacti ikhula eNdiya noma eNingizimu Melika. Esikhathini sethu sezulu sezulu, lesi sitshalo sivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izindawo zokugcina izithombo, amafasitela esitolo noma amahholo ehhovisi. Ikhophi ehlanganisiwe yeCereus ingakhula ekhaya. Cabanga ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani kahle.
Incazelo ye-botanical
Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo lwe-cacti yisiqu eside eside se-cylindrical. Ukuphakama, ikhula ngamamitha angu-20. Lesi sitshalo eside siphila singakhula futhi sithele izithelo iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu. I-genus yeCereus inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50. Abamele abakhulu banesisindo esinamandla, ama-leafless angular nezimpande ezinamandla. Isisekelo sonke se-cactus sihlanganiswe nezinsimba ezimnyama.
Izimbali ubude obungamamitha angu-25 buvezwe ebusuku ngobumhlophe noma obomvu. Izithelo ngendlela yamajikijolo abomvu angadliwa. Ezindaweni ezivaliwe, iCereus ibhekwa njengezitshalo ezingenakuzithoba. Abafuni ukubunjwa komhlaba, ukukhanyisa kanye nendawo, banda ngokusebenzisa imbewu noma ukusika.
Uyazi? Emithonjeni enamanzi e-Cereus enkulu kunamathani amabili amanzi angasetshenziswa ukuphuza.
Izinhlobo ze-cereus
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zalolu hlobo lwe-cacti, Okuvamile kunazo zonke: I-Peruvia, i-Yamacaru, i-giant, i-validus, i-Uruguayan, i-azure.
I-Peruvia, noma idwala (i-monstrose)
Igama lesibili leCereus yasePeruvia - edwaleni. Lesi sitshalo sithokoza ngenxa yendawo yayo. Ekhaya, i-cactus enjalo ikhula ibe ngu-50 cm ukuphakama. Izimbali ezinhle ezimhlophe ngephunga elimnandi libonakala kuphela ebusuku, ngoba zivaliwe usuku.
Ifomu engekho ejwayelekile yesitshalo ibizwa ngokuthi iyinqaba. Isiqu salo esineqhwa sinezinhlobonhlobo zezinkomba, lapho zathola khona lesi sidlaliso. Ukubukeka okunjalo okungavamile kanye nezimbali ezikhangayo ze-cactus kwenza kube yithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-cacti eyi-10 ekhiqizwayo ekhethiwe kanye ne-cacti yokuzala ekhaya.
Yamakaru
Ummeleli womndeni wakwaCereus, okukhula kuphela endle. Isitshalo salesi sitshalo sifana nesilinda, esinezimpande eziphezulu. Ngokungafani namanye ama-cacti, ameva amakaru awawona amnyama, kodwa alula. Futhi lezi zinhlobo zinezimbali ezinkulu, ezikhulayo zibe ngu-20 cm ububanzi.
I-Gigantic
Lezi zinhlobo zihlukile kubalingani bayo kulokho okuqala ukukhula ngenkuthalo emva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo sifinyelela usayizi omkhulu. Iphinde ibhalwe ohlwini lweGuinness Book of Records njengoba i-cactus ephakeme kakhulu emhlabeni, ukuphakama kwayo kungamamitha angu-25. Ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana neCereus enkulu e-US yaseTexas nase-Arizona. Izitshalo ezincane zivame ukukhula kancane.
I-Validus
I-Validus iyingqayizivele ngoba inezinhlanga ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isiqu saso sinombalo omusha wezimbambo kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-8. Izimbali zombala we-snow-white, nephunga elimnandi.
I-Uruguayan
I-Cereus yase-Uruguay iphuma phakathi kwamanye ama-spikes abukhali obude. Emvelweni, kunezibonelo ezihlanganiswe nezimpande ezimbili zamasentimitha. Lolu hlobo lwezithelo luveza amajikijolo amvuvu angadliwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo banambitha amnandi futhi abomuncu.
I-Azure
I-Cereus azure inebala obuncane bluish, isiqu esinamagatsha amaningi namaphethelo angabonakali. Izimbali ezinempepho zikhula ngokunembile kubamele abavuthiwe.
Ukukhula
Ukukhula i-cereus ekhaya akulula, ngoba lesi sitshalo asidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kwanele ukunamathela emithethweni eyisisekelo yokuqukethwe kwezitshalo eziphambili.
Ukukhethwa nokukhanyiswa kwesayithi
Njenganoma iyiphi i-cactus, i-cereus ithanda ukukhanya. Kufanele kube ngokwanele kokubili ebusika nasehlobo. Indawo engcono kunazo zonke endlini yakhe kuyoba yindwangu ekhanyayo yefasitela eningizimu noma empumalanga.
Kubalulekile! Ilanga eliqondile kufanele liqaphele, njengoba lingashisa isihlahla sesitshalo.
Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, i-cereus kufanele ijwayele ukujwayela ilanga emva kwebusika, ibeka efasiteleni amahora amaningana futhi ikhulise kancane kancane isikhathi esichitha elangeni. Ungasebenzisa futhi izimpumputhe zefasitela bese ulungisa inani lokukhanya nabo.
Substrate kanye nomanyolo
Ukuze cacti ikhule kahle, kumele badle njalo. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Izitshalo ezifakwe emanzini zisetshenziselwa ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ungaphinda uhlanza umanyolo we-granular emanzini futhi uchithe izitshalo. I-Cereus efakelwe kabusha ayidingi ukondliwa okweziwe kuze kube inyanga, ngoba inhlabathi entsha iqukethe zonke izidakamizwa ezizidingayo.
Isisekelo sokufakelwa kwesitshalo sikhethwe ngokubunjwa okungathathi hlangothi noma okunamandla ngaphandle kwe-alkali. Esikhathini ingxube kumele njalo ingeza isihlabathi nesitini. I-cacti yomhlaba kufanele ibe nesilinganiso esincane se-humus.
Funda futhi ukuthi yiziphi izici zokutshala nokwazisa i-cacti
Ukushisa
I-Cereus ayesabi izinguquko zokushisa. Ebusika, uzizwa enhle ngo-13 ... +16 ° C, futhi ehlobo angakwazi ukumelana no-40 degrees of heat. Ukushisa okunethezeka kakhulu kwe-cactus kunama-24 ... 26 ° ะก ngaphezulu kwezinga.
Umswakama nokuphuza
Nisela amanzi isitshalo kufanele kube amanzi afudumele afudumele. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukuchelela okulinganiselwe kunconywa isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingu-10, futhi ezinyangeni zasebusika kwanele ukuvuselela i-cactus kanye kuphela emavikini angu-4.
Kubalulekile! Akunconywa neze ukukhukhula kweCereus, ngoba ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi, kungagula futhi kuphele.
Ehlobo, i-cacti idinga ukuchithwa ku-sprayer ngamanzi afudumele, ukuhlinzeka ngezinga elidingekayo lomswakama. Isimo esimnandi sokukhula kwabo kubhekwa njengama-humidity angama-30-50%.
Ukufakelwa
I-Cacti ayidingi ukufakelwa okukhethekile. Le nqubo yenziwa kuphela uma kudingeka lapho kudingekile ukusakaza izibonelo eziningi. Ungakwenza lokhu okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emibili. Lokhu kuzodinga ibhodlela elibanzi nomhlabathi omusha.
I-Cacti ibuye ihlanganise hatiora, epiphyllum, ripsalis, echinocactus Gruzoni, hymnocalicium, flower Decembrist, Opuntia.
Ukuzala
Ukuphindaphinda kweCereus kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili:
- imbewu (le ndlela iyisici esiningi sezinhlobo ezikhulayo endle, kodwa futhi esetshenziswa ekhaya);
- ukuxhunyelelwa.
Ukusika kungenziwa entwasahlobo naphakathi kwehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, unqume amahlumela amancane, omisiwe kalula futhi atshalwe esitsheni esincane ne-substrate. Izimpande zivela emva kwezinsuku ezingu-30. Emva kwalokho, kwanele ukutshala izitshalo ezimbizeni.
Futhi esakazwa yi-cuttings: i-petunia, i-chrysanthemum, i-pelargonium, i-azalea, i-clematis, i-brugmancia, i-tui, i-laurel, i-cornel, i-mulberry
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Cacti, njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izitshalo, ijwayele izifo. Ukuze uzibone ngesikhathi, kuyadingeka kanye ngesonto ukuhlola ngokucophelela i-cereus ngokubonakala kwamabala angavamile. Bavame ukukhombisa ukuchelela okungafanele noma ukutheleleka ngezinambuzane.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane eziyingozi ziphuma:
- isi-spider mite;
- i-woraly worm;
- isihlangu samanga;
- schitovka.
Funda futhi indlela yokubhekana nezifo nezinambuzane ze-cacti
Shchitok (izimbungulu ezincane) kulula ukubona ngeso elimele esitsheni sesitshalo. Ziyi-parasitic ngokususa i-cacti juice. Ukuze ususe izinambuzane, i-Cereus yanele ukuthulula inambuzane ekhethekile.
Enye inkinga ebhekene nabamele umndeni weCacti - ukhunta ngendlela yokubola. Uma lesi sifo sincane, singasuswa, futhi isayithi lokungcola liphathwa ngekhambi lokuphuza utshwala. Kulesi simo, ukuchelela kumele kume kuze kufike isitshalo.
Uyazi? I-Cacti inezinhlobo ezingaphezulu kuka-2,52 zale mndeni.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Ngaphandle kwama-parasites nezinkinga abavusa, abanikazi beCereus bangase babhekane nezinye izinkinga. Kukhona amacala lapho i-cacti ingaphonsa izimbali.
Izizathu zalesi simo:
- ukukhanya okubi;
- ukungahambisani nombuso wokushisa;
- ukuchelela okungalungile;
- Lesi sitshalo asizange sifinyelele eminyakeni edingekayo ukuze kube nezimbali.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi yiziphi izakhiwo eziwusizo i-cactus enayo.
Ukukhulisa i-cereus enhle yokuhluma kuyinto elula kakhulu. Kulokhu kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngesitshalo ngokunakekelwa okulula, okufudumele nokufika ngesikhathi. Khona-ke i-cactus iyokujabulela ngephunga elimnandi lezimbali ezimhlophe zeqhwa.
