Umhlabathi awuwona nje umthombo wezitshalo, kodwa futhi i-biosystem ehlukile. Imhlabathi ingase ihluke kwezinye izici zazo, kodwa bonke bahlanganiswe iqiniso lokuthi badinga ukudla.
Phakathi kwazo kukhona izindlela nezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene, kepha ama-agronomist ayenamava aqhubeka ethi "ukondla okuluhlaza" ngesimo sezinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo. Cabanga ngokubaluleka kokunye okufana nokunye okufana nokwabiwa kwamakhemikhali njenge-siderata, futhi yikuphi incazelo yayo esebenzayo.
Iyini inani le-sideratov
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokucubungula isiko, sizobona ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo zokusetshenziswa kweziko eziluhlaza okwedlulele ekuhambeni kwezitshalo. Leli qembu liqukethe izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300 - yi-buckwheat kanye nobhontshisi, iklabishi kanye nosanhlamvu. Okungajwayelekile kakhulu okusetshenziselwa isisindo se-cruciferous-type oilseed. 
Noma iyiphi yalezi zitshalo ibonisa inani layo kulokhu okulandelayo:
- ukucebisa inhlabathi nge-nitrogen kanye nodaba oluphilayo ("umsebenzi" wokuqala ohlangothini oluthile lwezitshalo ezizayo, kuyilapho izakhi zemvelo zithuthukisa ukwanda);
- ukukhulula isendlalelo esiphezulu, ukuvuselela ukujikeleza kwe-air kanye nomswakama. Kulokhu, ubuholi bezitshalo;
- Ukungenelela ngaphakathi ezimpandeni kugcwalisa ungqimba oluvundile lwamaminerali;
- ngenxa yobunzima obunzima binciphisa inani lokhula futhi balondoloze umswakama;
- ukuvimbela ukuguguleka nokuphefumula;
- ehlobo azivumeli umhlaba uphele futhi uqhube; ekuwa kwawo ukuvimbela ukuthi kungabikho okweqile. Ngenkathi ebandayo, zigcina zifudumele;
- Okokugcina, zonke lezi ziko ziveza ukungahloniphi kwazo, ukukhula okusheshayo nokunciphisa (ezinye izinhlobo zeminikelo ayifuni nje ukulima).
Kubalulekile! Ngoba inhlabathi enezinhlabathi ezibunjwa yi-lupine efanelekile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, iyakwazi ukufaka umquba omningi, nakuba unomhlabathi ophezulu obunjalo lo mboni ulahlekelwa yizimfanelo zawo.
Izitshalo ezinjalo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhuphula amapulazi, okwethula izindawo ezintsha zibe ukusabalalisa. Iqiniso liwukuthi izimbambo azivikeleki nje kuphela, kodwa futhi zibuyisela inhlabathi (isibonelo, uma kunemikhakha yomsebenzi wokwakha kusayithi noma umhlaba uye waqina ngokugcwele imishini iminyaka eminingi). 
Ukuqoqwa kwezimbuzi njenge-siderat: izinzuzo nezingozi
Ngokujwayelekile, izimpikiswano ezinikeziwe zanele ukuba umlimi acabange ngokujulile ngaleyo ndlela. Kodwa ngisho nangaphambi kokuba uthole imbewu, kufanele ucabangele ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezindleko zalesi sinyathelo.
Ukwenzela ukukhwabanisa kuvame ukuphikisana ngalezi zizathu:
- uhlelo lwempande elinamandla - i-taproot iduduza iningi lezinqubo ezinamagatsha ezincane. Ngokuphelele, bangenele ekujuleni kwamamitha angu-32-37, ngokungahambisani nendawo yokhula;
- ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba yesitshalo ekukhuleni ikhiqiza ama-asidi ayigugu: i-citric, ifomu nezinye (zivumela "izindlalifa" zalesi siko ukuba zihlanganise nezinye izici eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-phosphorus);
- kujwayelekile ukutshala i-microflora yenhlabathi, ikakhulukazi emva kokuhlwanyela okukhulu okusanhlamvu. Kalula nje, isendlalelo sezithelo sihlanzwa ngamagciwane amakhulu ahlasela izifo zezitshalo;
- yamukelwa kahle futhi isebenza kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, kuhlanganise namanzi omunyu obunzima;
- isikhathi esifushane sokukhula - ngezinhlobo ezithile izinsuku ezingu-70-75 zanele ukuvuthwa okugcwele (nakuba kunezinhlobo ezikhula izinyanga ezintathu);
- esetshenziselwa izivande nezivini. Kukhona inzuzo kabili lapha - emibuthaneni yokugubha kanye nomswakama we-aisle uhlala isikhathi eside nokuhlanganisa izimbali, ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuheha izinyosi ukuya kuma-inflorescences amahle;
- Izimila ezitshalwe phakathi kwezinsuku eziphilayo ziphulukisa inhlabathi, ehlushwa kancane ngenxa yobukhona bayo;
- emva kokugaya, izinsalela ziyizimpande futhi iziqu ezikude nomkhathi zibolile, zenze inhlabathi ibe nemithamo emikhulu ye-nitrogen ne-potassium.
Kuzwakala kuzama. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ube nesithakazelo lapho kufanele uhlwanyele kahle i-siderat ewusizo njenge-buckwheat, ngeke kube buhlungu ukukhumbula i-inherent yayo ukwehluleka. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- ukuzwela kwesomiso. Okusho ukuthi, ngenkathi enezimvula ezingavamile, ngeke nje zibonise zonke izinzuzo zayo;
- isiko asibekezeli ukubandayo;
- ngokuhlwanyela okuphezulu kokuhlwanyela, izimpande zivame ukuhlangana phakathi komunye nomunye, okubandakanya ukulima okuqhubekayo;
- naphezu kokusebenza kwayo, lesi sitshalo njengesiqalo asifaneleki kuzo zonke izitshalo. Ngaphandle kokwazi lezi zingu-nuances, kunengozi yokushiywa ngaphandle kwesitshalo (futhi kuvame ukuhluma ensimini).
Njengoba ubona, kukhona kokubili izinzuzo nezimo eziyingozi. Kodwa lokhu kulula ukunciphisa, ukwazi zonke izinto ezibucayi zobuchwepheshe bezolimo.
Uyazi? Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo oluhlaza kuyingxenye yomqondo wokulima okuphilayo, okwenziwe isintu kusukela ekuqaleni kwezesayensi yezolimo. Ukusuka kulolu hlelo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuqala kwekhulu le-XIX-XX, lapho umzabalazo wokuvuna waqala ukusebenzisa ama-chemical compounds.
Ubuchwepheshe bokulima
Into yokuqala udinga ukwazi kahle ukuthi yiyiphi ibhalansi yamanzi endaweni ethile. Yebo, uma kwadingeka ubhekane nensimu eyaziwayo, "uhlamvu" oluthathwa ngalo ulwazi oluncane kakhulu. 
Umsebenzi uba nzima kakhulu uma izinhlelo zokuhlwanyela inhlabathi engakaze isetshenziswe: noma yimuphi umlimi owaziyo ukuthi ngisho nasesayini elifanayo hhayi kuphela izinga lokushisa elingaphansi lingase lihluke, kodwa nokujula kwamanzi. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nesici esinjalo njenge-microflora-kwenzeka ukuthi ezindaweni ezijulile zivame ukubola izimpande ezivela ezihlahleni ezide eziheha izinambuzane eziyingozi.
Kubalulekile! I-Chernozems iyakhathazeka kakhulu ekuqedeni ngokweqile: ukukhiqiza umquba kanye nokutshala komquba ohlaza kuyakunikeza imiphumela ebonakalayo kuphela phakathi neminyaka embalwa yokuqala, emva kwalokho isivuno singasala isikhathi eside ngezinga elifanayo.
Njengoba uqinisekile ukuthi ukulungiswa okuphelele kwesayithi, udinga ukucacisa ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo ezizosetshenziswa njengezinto eziyinhloko, futhi uthole ukuthi zihambisana kanjani nokunye okufana nokunye okunye.
Iziphi izitshalo okungcono ukusebenzisa
I-Buckwheat ngokwayo iyabhekwa i-predecessor engcono kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zegadi: amazambane, utamatisi, amakhukhamba kanye nama-strawberries. I-izaqathe kanye ne-beet, futhi, ngeke ikhumbule.
Ngakho-ke, ungayilungisa inhlabathi yokutshala imifino - i-dill ne-sorrel, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ne-parsley, kanye ne-cumin ebabayo kanye ne-fennel. 
I-buckwheat nayo isebenza kahle ngesikhathi sokutshala izihlahla nezithelo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sitshalo ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuhlanganyela kokusanhlamvu kuvunyelwe kuphela enhlabathini evulekile neyakhelwe kahle.
Izitshalo ezinjalo njenge-mustard, rye kanye ne-phacelia nazo zisetshenziswe njengezingqinamba.
Ukuhlwanyela nini futhi kanjani ukuhlwanyela i-siderat
Ngemuva kokubala konke, sekuyisikhathi sokuthola ukuthi izimboni zikhula kanjani ekusebenzeni, lapho zihlwanyela khona, futhi uma kungcono ukumbesa isitshalo esibalulekile njenge-buckwheat.
Ukuze ukhiqize imbewu, umzuzu ukhethwa lapho ama-frost esiphelile, futhi umhlabathi ushubile ngokujulile okungenani u-9-10 cm (ngokuvamile phakathi no-May).
Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lihlala lingaphezulu kuka -10, ungaqhubeka:
- umsiki wensiza noma umlimi uhamba ngesayithi, imimese yayo evezwe ku-10-15 cm;
- Imbewu ifakwe ku-3-5 cm (inhlabathi enzima) noma yonke imitha engu-6 (ekulungiswe kahle). Izinga lokusetshenziswa lokususwa kokhula - kusuka ku-10 ukuya kwangu-15 g / 1 sq. m (ku-1-1.5 kg ngekhulu);
- ukuhlwanyela ama rolls roller. Engadini, futhi konke ongakwenza ngemuva kwe-rake.
Uyazi? Izazi ze-biologists zibalwe ukuthi izingxenye ezingamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili zomhlaba, ezihambelana "chemistry", zizoqoqa cishe 200 kg amabhaktheriya kanye nenani elifanayo lezibungu. Bonke banganikeza ngaphezu kuka-500 kg we-biohumus eyigugu kakhulu ngenkathi.
Inqubo ilula kuze kube umkhawulo, uma kucacile ukuthi imvula enzima iseduze ukuphuma - khona-ke ungakwazi ukumane uphonsa imbewu, ngaphandle kokulalela ukunemba kwemigqa. 
Abaningi bachitha ukuhlwanyela futhi kulo lonke ihlobo, isimo sezulu esihle sivumela. Kodwa umbuzo wokuthi lapho kufanele uhlwanyele kahle u-buckwheat, njenge-siderat egcwele, hhayi ehlobo, kodwa ekwindla (njengendlela yokukhetha - emva kwamazambane), ivela ngokumelene ne-nuance eyodwa. Ngalendlela, isikhala phakathi kokuhlwanyela kanye nesithwathwa sokuqala kufanele sibe okungenani izinyanga eziyi-1.5. Yiqiniso, ngokusebenza kahle, izithombo zizobe zingaphansi kwamaMeyi - izitshalo zizoqhakaza, kodwa lapho umswakama entwasahlobo uhamba kangcono.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezindawo ezizuzisayo ze-buckwheat eluhlaza futhi eluhlaza, kanye nobuni lwe-buckwheat.
Indlela yokunakekela
Ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokukhula nokungathobeki, izitshalo azibanga ukukhathazeka okuningi.
Into esemqoka - ukuqinisekisa i-hydration evamile. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifanayo, ukuchelela akudingeki neze. Kunzima kakhulu ezindaweni lapho inkathi efudumele ihambisana khona nesomiso: ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuphuza ukuhlwanyela okungenani kanye ngesonto usebenzisa isipuni.
Kodwa ukuletha umhlabathi esimweni sokungcola okwanele akukafaneleki - amahlumela anjalo awabekezeleli kokubili isomiso namanzi amaningi.
Kubalulekile! Izinsuku zokuhlwanyela nokuvuna zishintshwa ngeso lesimo sezulu esimweni esithile. Ekhanda elifudumele, kunokwenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ukufika kwezintathu ngezikhathi ezithile - emva kwalokhu, i-wheatgrass ngeke ibonakale iminyaka eminingana.
Hlola njalo amahlumela: avela ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10 emva kokutshala, futhi emva kwenyanga enye "emfudumeni" ungabona izimbali emahlumela aphansi. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3, umbala uqala futhi kuhambisane nezinqubo ze-lateral.
Isikhathi sokuqhathanisa sithatha isilinganiso ngenyanga (ngokufunda idatha ngezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene, kulula ukubona umehluko - ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ziphela emasontweni amathathu, kanti ezinye azifinyeleli ezinsukwini ezingama-40). Kule nkathi lapho kuhlanzwa khona. 
Nini ukuhlanza
Ngakwesokudla ngesikhathi sezimbali. Ezindaweni ezivundile nezomanzi, lo msebenzi ungcono kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokuvela kwezimbali zokuqala.
Konke kubonakala kanje:
- i-green is ehlwanyelwe;
- izimpande zinqunywe ukujula kwe-7-10 cm, emva kwalokho ubukhulu buxubene nomhlabathi ukuze ingxenye yengubo ihlale emhlabathini njengombhebhe;
- izitshalo ezisele zidlala indima yomquba.
Emva kokugaya, kubalulekile ukusekela ikhefu lamaviki angu-2-3, bese nje uqhubeke nokutshala izitshalo zasadini. Lesi sikhathi sanele ukuba inhlabathi ithole izinto eziwusizo ezivela "okungenalutho".
Uyazi? Emibhalweni yaseSumeriya, kunezihloko eziningi ezihlobene nokulima. Omunye wabo ubheka ubuqanji ngombono wosuku lwethu: kuchazwa ukuthi abalimi bendawo, ngosizo lenduku ejwayelekile, bazuza isivuno sokolweni kakade abangaba ngu-300 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye. Yeka ukuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso - izazi-mlando kanye nama-archeologists basaphikisana.
Njengoba ufunde ngokubaluleka kokunye okufana nokunye okunye okufana nokolweni, indlela yokuhlwanyela ngayo, nokuthi nini ukugubha, ungakwazi ukukhuphula umkhiqizo wakho ngokuzikhandla. Sithemba ukuthi imiphumela evela ekusebenziseni kwayo izobonakala. Impumelelo ensimini nasensimini!
