IClivia isitshalo esihlala sihlala sishisa esivela emndenini wakwa-Amaryllis. Ingatholakala emahlathini akhanyayo aseNingizimu Afrika, nanjengesitshalo - emhlabeni jikelele. Amaqabunga amahle amnyama aluhlaza futhi obucayi, afana neminduze emincane, izimbali zinezintelezi ezinhle. Izimbali zenzeka ngokuvama okufisayo, kepha noma ngaphandle kwawo, i-mop yamaqabunga amade mihle kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-squvia idume kakhulu phakathi kwabahlaziyi bezingadi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akazithobi kakhulu futhi kulula ukunakekela.
Incazelo yeBotanical
IClivia iyisihlahla esihlala sikhona esihlala njalo sinezimbali ezinamahlamvu, ezingabizi kakhulu. Ngokungafani nabamele abaningi bomndeni wakwa-Amaryllis, lesi sitshalo asinawo ama-bulbs. Noma kunjalo, ayinakubizwa ngokuthi i-rhizome eligcwele.
Amacembe amakhulu anamnyama asondelene komunye nomunye. Akhula endizeni efanayo ehlukile. Yize lesi sitshalo singenaso isiqu kanjalo, kwakhiwa ihlumela elincanyana eliqinisiwe kusuka kunqwaba yamahlamvu. Ukuphakama kwegumbi lengxenye kungamasentimitha angama-40-60. Amaqabunga aluhlaza we-xiphoid amnyama enamanzi acwebezelayo abanzi kakhulu. Bangagobeka kalula. Ubude beshadi lameshidi bungamasentimitha angama-40-75, nobubanzi buyi-5-8 cm. Unqenqema lwephepha lincane futhi uhlangothi oluseceleni lubushelelezi. Kwesinye isikhathi amaqabunga aba notch angajulile eceleni komthambo ophakathi nendawo. Njalo ngonyaka, kufakwa amaqabunga angama-5-6 kule ndawo ethengiswayo.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwamaqhugwane siba ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. I-peduncle enobambo eyi-20-40 cm ubude ivela enkabeni ye-rosette yamaqabunga.Phezulu kwayo, kufinyelela eziqhakaza ezingama-30, kuqoqwe isambulela inflorescence esingamasentimitha ayi-15 ukuya ku-20. Izimbali ezinsimbi yezinsimbi ezinama-petals ayisithupha zivuliwe zibuye zijabulise abanikazi kuze kuphele amasonto amathathu. Amacembe awo anombala obomvu, owolintshi noma opinki. Enkabeni kukhona ama-stamens amade nama-ovary. Izimbali zihambisana nokukhipha iphunga lokuqina okuhlukahlukene. Idonsa ingxube yamanothi e-vanilla, i-nutmeg, rose kanye notshani. Ngemuva kokuvunda, izithelo zivuthwa - isigaxa esinamanzi.
Izinhlobo ze-squvia
IClivia ayihlukile kakhulu. Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela.
Clivia Gardena. Amacembe amade we-tapeworm akhula aze afike ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Umphezulu wawo obuluhlaza obumnyama umbozwe ngemichilo ehlanganayo. Umkhawulo weqabunga uyakhonjwa. Kuma-peduncle aqonde cylindrical, kuqhuma izinsimbi ezincane ezibomvu. Aqoqwe kuma-umbrela inflorescence aze afike kuma-15 efihlekile. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza ebusika.
I-Clivia cinnabar (miniata) noma i-macaprika e-orange. Amaqabunga aminyene anjengemibala emnyama eluhlaza okhulayo afinyelela ku-70 cm ubude. Izimbali ezibomvu-e-orange ezinomgogodla ophuzi ziqoqwa kwisambulela esihle. Inama-buds angama-20. Izimbali zenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Yile nhlobo ethandwa kakhulu kwi-floriculture yasekhaya futhi sekuyisisekelo sezinto zokuhlobisa.
IClivia yinhle. Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlangene ngokwengeziwe zikhula cishe ukuphakama okungama-30 cm. Zenza irosette eminyene yamaqabunga e-xiphoid onqenqemeni olukhonjisiwe Kwi-peduncle eminyene enamanzi engu-30-50 cm ubude, izimbali ezingama-40-60 ziyaqhakaza. Ama-buds amancane amise okomhlotshana nentsimbi encane apendwe ngo-salmon noma nge-tint ebomvu. I-petal ngayinye ithweswe umqhele ngophawu oluhlaza okotshani. Ubude bawo buba malunga nama-2 cm.
Izici Zokuphindaphindeka
IClivia ingasatshalaliswa ngembewu noma ngokuhlakulela imifino. Ngisho nembewu ekhuleleyo nevunayo inika isivuno esihle. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, izinto zokutshala zifakwe emanzini ngosuku olufudumele. Imbewu evuvukele isatshalaliswa emabhokisini anesihlabathi nomhlabathi we-peat. Ungangeza omunye umhlaba omfiphele kanye ne-perlite. Izilimo zenziwe ngemikhondo efinyelela ku-2 cm. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu futhi sigcinwa ngaphansi kokukhanyisa okukhona kanye lokushisa okungu-20 ... + 25 ° C. Hlala uvundise inhlabathi njalo ususe i-condensation.
Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-1,5. Izitshalo ezinamaqabunga amabili zingena kahle ezimbizeni ezihlukene ezigcwele ingxube yeqabunga i-humus, isod kanye nenhlabathi yobumba. Izithombo zikhula kancane. Izimbali kufanele zilindelwe ngemuva konyaka wesihlanu wokuphila.
Abalimi be-Amateur maningi amathuba okuthi basakaze i -viavia ngotshani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitshalo esidala sinikeza izingane njalo. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ngokucophelela okukhulu, susa isitshalo ebhodweni bese usikhulula kancane enhlabathini. Izinqubo ezilandelwayo (izingane) zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela. Ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile, kumele babe namaqabunga ama-4 noma ngaphezulu. Izitshalo zitshalwa emiphongolweni emincane enenhlabathi yama -abantu abadala. Ekuqaleni, ukuchelela kwenziwa kancane, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya landa kancane. Izimbali kulindeleke kusuka eminyakeni engu-3-4.
Izimfihlo Zokunakekela
Imbali yaseClivia ayivelisi emvelweni. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwesitshalo, esiphoqelelwa ukuba siphile, futhi sigcwele impilo, isampula eliqhakaza izimbali, kunomehluko omkhulu. Ukuze uthole owokugcina, kudingeka wenze umzamo omncane.
Isibani IClivia idinga igumbi elinokukhanya okukhanya okukhanya. Imisebe eqondile ibangela ukushiswa nomonakalo wamaqabunga. Imbali ingagcinwa emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga, futhi ibuye isethwe ekujuleni kwekamelo eliseningizimu. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, ama-squvia ayeka ukuqhakaza.
Ukushisa Isitshalo sikhula kahle kakhulu emazingeni okushisa angama-20 ... + 25 ° C. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, kufanele uvule isikhala egumbini, kepha awukwazi ukushiya imbali kokusalungiswa. Ebusika, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa isikhathi sokuphumula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-squvia idluliselwa egumbini elipholile elinokushisa kuka + 12 ... + 14 ° C. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa kokuqukethwe, kuvela umcibisholo wezimbali. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokubuyisela i-squvia egumbini elifudumele (+ 18 ... + 20 ° C).
Umswakama. Isitshalo asifunwa kumswakama womoya futhi sivumelana kalula nanoma yiziphi izimo. Amacembe abushelelezi kufanele ahlanzwa njalo othulini noma ekugezelweni. Sebenzisa amanzi athambile ukuze kungabikho izinhlaka zam lime.
Ukunisela. Inhlabathi yeClivia ayidingi ukushiswa ngokweqile. Ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulingana, ngaphandle kokuntengantenga kwamanzi. Ebusika bancishiswa ngisho nangaphezulu. Inisela kakhulu isitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezimbali. Amanzi asetshenziswa okuhlanjululwe kahle, afudumele kunokushisa kwegumbi.
Umanyolo. Ngokuqala kwama-buds, i-garevia idliwa kabili ngenyanga ngesakhiwo samaminerali esinokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephansi. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ukondla kuyamiswa.
Ukufakelwa IClivia rhizome ithenda kakhulu. Izwela noma yimuphi umonakalo oholela ekuguleni nasekuntuleni kwezimbali. Ngakho-ke, ukufakelwa kwenziwa kuphela lapho kunesidingo ngokuphelele, lapho izimpande ziqala ukuphuma ebhodweni. Imbali izwa kahle esitsheni esiqinile. Izinto zokwakha amanzi (ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amatshe, amashidi) kuthululelwa phansi. Ukufakelwa ngokwako kwenziwa ngendlela yokudluliselwa kwengqondo. Isikhala esingenalutho ebhodweni sigcwaliswa ngengxube yenhlabathi eyenziwe ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- umhlaba we-turf (izingxenye ezi-2);
- umhlaba wamashidi (izingxenye ezi-2);
- isihlabathi somfula (1 ingxenye).
Izifo nezinambuzane. IClivia iyazwela izifo ezibangelwa ukhunta (i-powdery hlobo, i-grey bola). Ukutheleleka kukhula ikakhulu ngenkuthalo, ukuminyanisa kwamanzi emhlabathini kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi. Ukusiza isitshalo ukuthi sibhekane nalesi sifo, kufanele sidluliselwe enhlabathini entsha, enamagciwane, kanye nokuphatha inhlabathi nezitshalo nge fung fung (Champion, Topaz). Phakathi kwama-parasites e-khungu, ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezikalwa kanye nama-mealybugs akhuthele ikakhulukazi. Izinambuzane zingaqoqwa ngesandla noma ziphathwe nesinambuzane (i-Actellik, Aktara). Umuthi uvuthiswa ngokwemiyalelo bese ufafazwa emqheleni, uphinde uthelwe emhlabathini. Ukungena ujusi, amakhemikhali nawo awenza abe nobuthi. Izinambuzane zidla amaqabunga bese ziyafa.
Ukuqhuma kwamaqembu
Izitshalo ezinempilo minyaka yonke ziphonsa i-peduncle ngesixha sezimbali ezintekenteke. Imvamisa imicibisholo eminingana ivela esihlahleni ngasikhathi sinye. Uma i-weevia ingaqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ukunakekelwa. Qiniseka ukuthi unikeza isikhathi sokuphumula nokuqukethwe okupholile. Isikhathi sonke udinga ukukhanyisa okukhulu kakhulu. Lapho kuvela umcibisholo wezimbali, ungashintshi imibandela yokuboshwa futhi uhambise izitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuqhakaza kungawa ngaphandle kokuqhuma. Ukwengeza ukuthuthukiswa kwesiqu sezimbali nezimbali kusiza ngqo ukukhulisa izinga lokushisa kwamanzi lokunisela.
Kwesinye isikhathi isimo esicindezelayo sisiza ukuvusa ukubukeka kwezimbali. Imbali ibekwa egumbini elimnyama nelipholile izinsuku eziningana. Noma ngabe zonke izimbali sezishonile, ukuchelela nokugqoka phezulu kuyaqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuqhakaza kungaphinda.
