Abathandi bezitshalo bakhulisa ama-strawberries abo ngokucabangela bahlobanisa nobubanzi bawo obubanzi, hhayi ukulahlekelwa umbono ngolwazi ngazo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo emisha.
Strawberry "Black Prince", futhi manje sizobe sibhekana nencazelo yalolu hlobo oluthile, ngokushesha sithola ukuthandwa phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo nakwabanye abasebenzisi bomhlaba - ngakho-ke, singathanda ukuyiqaphela ngokwengeziwe. Ekuqaleni - okuncane kwesigamazwi.
Incazelo
Ngaphansi kochwepheshe be-"sitrobheli" bayaqonda ukuthi isitshalo esisodwa sinobuhlungu obumnyama obomvu obomvu (obonakala bumnandi) amajikijolo amnandi, ekhula ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomthunzi wemvelo engahlosiwe - okungekho "ukumemela" emasimini aphucukile nemifino yemifino ngenxa yokulimala okuncane amajikijolo amancane.
Okutshalwe ezinkampanini nasezindlini zasendlini, kufaka phakathi "i-Black Prince", yizinhlobonhlobo ze-strawberry ezikhulile ekhaya, enye yazo enikezwa yona.
Uyazi? Le sitrobheli (sizobe sisasebenzisa igama elivamile) ibizwa ngokuthi "iNduna Enkulu" amaNtaliyane avela eNew Fruit Company eyathola lezi ezihlukahlukene edolobheni laseCesena ngenxa yombala ocebile we-burgundy wezithelo ezibonakala zimnyama emthunzini noma ekude.
Izici eziyinhloko zesitshalo zimi kanje:
- Izitshalo ezinkulu, ezinamaqabunga ezinamaqabunga anenani elilinganiselwe lamaswidi.
- Amaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama obuphakathi nendawo enobuningi be-gloss kanye negridi elincane lemibimbi.
- Emangalisa komhlaba (impande) ingxenye.
- Ukuvumelanisa kahle ukushisa okungaphansi kwe-zero nokuphikiswa kwezifo.
- Kubanzi (kuze kufike ku-50 g), amajikijolo amahle kakhulu (ngaphandle kwe-voids yangaphakathi).
- Isilinganiso esiphakeme futhi esiphezulu (amathani angama-30 ngehektha ngalinye kusukela ngonyaka wesibili) isivuno, okuqhubeka sikhula kuphela.
Izici nokungafani kwezinye izinhlobo
Ngaphandle kwezici ezithinta amehlo (okufanayo kanye nokwahlukana) ngendlela yobukhulu bezithelo, kufanelekile ukugqamisa, mhlawumbe, okulandelayo:
- ukuhluma kokukhula kudlulele zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-strawberries;
- ukukhula kwe-fruiting period;
- ukuhlala isikhathi eside (kuze kube yiminyaka engu-7 nangaphezulu) kukhula akunciphisi isivuno kanye nobukhulu besithelo, kodwa kunciphisa inani lezintshevu eziqinisiwe;
- ukuphakama kwamahlumela aqondile, kuhlangene nelungiselelo eliphezulu lamajikijolo avuthiwe, linikeza lula ukuvuna;
- ukulingana, ngesayizi, amajikijolo, ukwenza lula ukuhlunga kwabo;
- landa, ngomqondo wezinga elide lemikhakha kanye nezithelo ezithengiswa isikhathi eside, ukuthuthwa kwempahla.
Ngingathanda ukukhuluma kuphela mayelana nokufaneleka, kodwa ngenhloso yokucatshangelwa kufanele kubhekiswe ukuthi:
- inamba encane yezingcweti ibeka ubukhulu bento yokutshala;
- "I-Black Prince" ayibekezelele isomiso;
- uhlelo lwempande lusetshenziselwa ukubola okusheshayo enhlabathini eyindayo - ngisho nemifula enengqondo ayilondolozi (futhi ayinalo iqhaza ekusindeni okuhle kwesitshalo);
- Ihlaselwa kalula yi-strawberry mite ebonakalayo, futhi ngesikhathi sekwindla singagula nge-spotting.
Ukufika
Izidingo zokuqala zokutshala kuqala zimi kanje:
- Indawo kufanele ivule ilanga futhi ivaliwe ukugeleza komoya okuvela enyakatho.
- Ukutholakala kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba akuvumelekile ukuphakama kunamaphesenti angu-0.6 ukusuka emhlabathini (nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande zibolile, kungcono ukuthi izinga labo lingaphansi komkhawulo ocacisiwe).
- Ukuhlala "iNdunankulu Emnyama" akuzona izindawo ezinconywayo ezindaweni eziphansi nasezintabeni (umthamo omncane wendawo awuhlali).
- Inhlabathi emhlophe yamahlathi, ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokukhethwa kwe-sandy kukhethwa. Ubumba obungavumelekile, i-peat, i-silt. I-Chernozem idinga ukungezwa kwesihlabathi.
- Kulezi zitshalo ezedlule kukhona okusanhlamvu okuhle, izithelo, izaqathe kanye anyanisi. Ama-eggplant, iklabishi, amazambane, utamatisi akufanelekile. Kungenzeka ukucebisa umhlabathi ngama-microelements ngokutshala kokuqala kwezinsika.
- Ngokusho kwe-asidi, inhlabathi kumele ibe yi-neutral noma ingaphansi kwezinga elijwayelekile - ufulawa wama dolomite (0.3 kg nge-1 sq. M) isetshenziselwa ukuyijwayelekile.
- Ngesikhathi sokulungiselela (izinsuku ezingu-20-30 ngaphambi kokutshala), inhlabathi ihlwanyelwa umquba obolile (amalitha angu-5 nge-1 sq. M) noma nge-humus, futhi kusukela kuwo, uma umba, noma yikuphi ukusalela kwezitshalo kususwe.
Izinsuku zokufika zingancika ezimweni zezulu. Ezimweni ezifudumele, bakhetha ukwenza lokhu ekuqaleni kokuwa.
Lapho kukhona ukushisa okukhulu kwehlobo, ukutshala kwenziwa ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. Ukuhlelwa okuncane kakhulu (ngenxa yokwanda okwenziwe ngobuningi obuhlaza) - 40 x 50 cm.
Izenzo zokusebenza zibukeka kanje.:
- Thela izimbobo ngamanzi, 0.5 amalitha ngamunye.
- Ukusakaza izimpande zezithombo.
- Eqinisweni ukufika, lapho inhliziyo izobe iphakeme kancane (kufika ku-2 cm) kwenhlabathi.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi (ezungeze isitshalo ngasinye) nokunisela kokuqala.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kokhuni ngokutshala utshani emva kokuncibilika kwamanzi.
Ukuzala
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuzalanisa "iNkosana Omnyama":
- Imbewu yokutshala.
- Usa.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
Imbewu
Izitshalo ze-strawberry zitshalwe, njengombuso, ngabalimi abanolwazi, abaqeqeshwayo abangenakuzaza.
Le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi, idinga ukugcwala nokubekezela. Kuyafaneleka kulabo bahlali behlobo abazama ukuqonda kahle ubuciko bokusetshenziswa komhlaba - indlela engcono kakhulu yokwakha amakhono kuleli bhizinisi kunzima ukunikela.
Kubalulekile! Ungabi ovilapha ukutadisha uhlu lwabakhiqizi bezinhlanzi - uma uthenge imbewu ezinkwameni ezivela emithandweni ethandwayo, ungaba nomphumela omuhle ngaphandle kokukhathazeka okungadingekile.
Uma unesipiliyoni esincane, kunconywa ukuba u-preak unwebe imbewu ngesisombululo se- "Epin" (kungenzeka ngamapayipi ekotini - ngokupaka ngesivinini).
Kodwa usengakwazi, emva kwamakhosi omethembayo, ngokushesha uzihlanyele enhlanganisela yenhlabathi elungiselelwe (humus efana namaqabunga, inhlabathi yensimu nomfula wesigodi), lapho kwenziwa khona, ngezikhathi eziyi-5 cm, izindawo ezingajulile (imizuzu engamamitha amahlanu). Lapho imbewu itshalwe emanzini amanzi, ufafaze phezulu ngenhlabathi encane.
Amaviki alandelayo ama-1.5-2 angeke adinge umzamo omkhulu: emva kokubeka isitsha sokufika esembozwe ngilazi egumbini, udinga ukwenza njalo, ngokuthulula amanzi epanini, nokuhambisa umoya, okuzodinga ukuhlanza ingilazi isikhashana.
Emva kwalesi sikhathi, imbewu iqala ukuphakama, futhi ubahambisa eduze kwelanga.
Okuqukethwe ezinyathelweni ezimbili ezilandelayo kuhlanganisa ukuhlala izithombo ngamabanga ahlukene, ubukhulu balo obunamahlamvu asakhulayo:
- kanye nokufika kwezikhathi zokuqala phakathi kwezitshalo kwenziwa ngu 2-3 cm;
- enefriji yamakhophi angu-4-5, ukuphakama kwesikhashana kuya ku-5 cm.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuthi amathiphu wezimpande abe mfushane uma ebeka kuqala. - izosheshisa inqubo yokukhula.
Uma ukhetho oluchazwe lubonakala lukhuni kuwe, bese ululula ngokutshala imbewu kumaphilisi amancane we-peat (kunezikhala ezikhethekile zalokhu) - ke kufanele nje wenze ukuthi unganezela amanzi epanini, ngoba amaphilisi ngokwabo ayimithombo yokudla. 
Sibheka kwenye into ephawulekayo - ngaphambi kokufakelwa kwesitshalo se-strawberry ngokwesikhala esivulekile, udinga ukuyithukuthelisa kancane, "ukufundiswa" ekhaya, ukubeka kuqala eduze kwefasitela lokuphefumula elivulekile ngomoya we-Ephreli bese uyithuthela ebhaleni, ngokuqhubekayo kwandisa isikhathi senqubo (kusukela ngehora lesishiyagalolunye ihora).
Usa
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ukwaziswa kokufika ngesimo samadevu "ku-Prince Black" akucebile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu futhi inombolo encane ikhiqizwa kuphela eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala yokuphila kwesitshalo.
Kodwa ukulula kwalo mbandela kusalokhu kuheha abalimi ukuba basebenzise.
Kukhona ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ezinjalo:
- Ukuzikhethela, ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuphelele, ukuba khona kwamadevu esihlahleni esinama rosettes amancane, ungahlukanisa labo abaphumelela kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni kwabo.
- Ngokuxhuma amasokisi emabhodwe nge-primer (ipulasitiki noma i-peat), wenza ukuchelela okuningi.
- Cishe ngemva kwamasonto amabili, lapho isikhwama sinezikhwebu ezanele, futhi amadevu aphethwe ngokugcwele ngezinto ezidingekayo, unqume isokhethi, uphazamise ukunikezwa kwayo, futhi uyitshale endaweni entsha, futhi uphinde uhlinzeke ngokuchelela okunamandla.
Ukukhula okusheshayo okusheshayo kwama-strawberry okutshalwe ngale ndlela ngeke kube isikhathi eside ekufikeni.Ukunakekela
Kungaba kuhle uma ama-strawberries emibhedeni ekhula ngokwabo, futhi sasizofika kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhetha amajikijolo. Ungazitholi amaphupho - udinga ukuya emithethweni yokunakekela "iNdunankulu emnyama".
Ukunisela
Nsuku zonke kudinga ukuphuziswa ngesikhathi sokutshala nokutshala.
Uma imigomo yefruiting ifika, isimo sizoshintsha - manje kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe ama-deciliters angu-1-2 amanzi ngamamitha ayizikwele zomhlaba kuphela, ukuphuzisa izihlahla kanye ngesonto.
Kubalulekile! Ukuphuza ngokweqile ngalesi sikhathi kuzongeza amanzi amanzi amajikijolo - azoba engafaneleki ukudla nokugcina.
Izindlela zokuchelela zisebenzisa ezahlukene (ukufafaza, i-podkorennoy ukuchelela), kepha okunye okucatshangelwayo kubhekwa ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ngomswakama ngokugcwalisa phakathi kwemigqa yemihlathi. 
Okuhle kakhulu nakho:
- amanzi okushisa okungama-20-degree (sebenzisa i-dacha tank evutha ukukhanya kwelanga);
- isikhathi sakusihlwa ngenqubo yokunisela ngokwayo;
- ukuthungwa ngemuva kokunisela kwenhlabathi ukuze izimpande zingashiywe ngaphandle kwemoya ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-crust engenakwenzeka;
- imibhede ye-mulching - ukugcinwa kwamanzi, khona-ke ngeke kudingeke ukhulule inhlabathi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Imithetho ejwayelekile yokudla ama-strawberries:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezimbili zokudla - izimpande (ukuchelela) kanye ne-foliar (ukufafaza nokupuniza).
- Ukuntuleka kwe-chlorine ekugqokeni okuphezulu.
- Ukunakekelwa (ngaphandle kwamanzi kumaphuzu okukhula) ukuphuza izihlahla ngaphambi kwesigamu sehora ngaphambi kokudla.
- Ukuze ukhiqiza amaqabunga, ukwelashwa kwezitho zabo eziphansi kubaluleke kakhulu, lapho izakhi ezitholakala khona.
Ngokudla isikhathi kusakazwa kanje:
- Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo (ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokukhula) - ammonium nitrate noma urea (kufika ku-20 g / decaliter) nganoma iyiphi indlela.
- Ukwakhiwa kwefihlekile kanye nokuqala kwezimbali kukhona i-superphosphate (40 g nge-sq. M) ngendlela ephilile.
- Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo - izimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi yezimbiwa ("Agricola", "Berry" ngokwemiyalo).
Kulabo abangazithandi izingxenye zamakhemikhali, kunconywa ukuthi basebenzise isisombululo sezinyosi (1 kuya ku-4) esifakwe ngaphakathi kwelanga ngesonto, okuhlanjululwe kangcono ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ku-1:10, isisombululo esifanayo se-leaflet (1: 2) ), ukumnika okwenziwa nsuku zonke kwezinkuni (50 g / l) - ithuluzi lokugcina lishintsha umquba we-potash ne-phosphate.Ukunakekelwa kokuthunyelwa ngemuva
Ukuvuna "isikhulu esimnyama" kuqoqwa ekuseni, ngemuva kokumisa amazolo. Izikhathi phakathi kwamacala - izinsuku ezingu-3.
Kubalulekile! Musa ukuhlanza emva kwemvula, bese uthola ama-berries e-limp angadli noma angalondolozi.
Kodwa ukunakekelwa kokuvuna "inzalo yobukhosi" akukhawulelwanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuqondile manje kufanele kubhekelwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okumele kukhishwe "iNkosana Omnyama" ukuze kulondolozwe lonke i-shrub bese udala isisekelo sokuvuna okuhle kakhulu ngenkathi ezayo.
Nakhu okudingeka ukwenze:
- Susa i-mulch yangaphambilini; ke ngokucophelela ukuze kungabikho amaqabunga asele, ukhula umhlabathi.
- Hlanganisa izitshalo futhi ucebise inhlabathi (idinga i-vermicompost noma i-humus).
- Phula ngendlela ehamba ngayo.
- Ukufeza ukuchelela emva kokuvunwa (amalitha owodwa nengxenye yamanzi ehlathini ngalinye).
Ngokuqondene nokunisela, into eyodwa ayikhawulelwanga: ukucabangela isimo sezulu (uma kunqamuleka kungabanzi), kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nabo, ukwenza eyodwa noma amabili masonto onke, nokuvimbela ezifweni, imibhede nayo yanisela ngekhambi elingenakulinganiswa lama-manganese (kabili, hhayi ngaphezulu).
Njengengxenye yokunakekela amahlathi, kubalulekile ukususa izwebezi ezibonakalayo, ngaphandle kokuthinta amahlamvu aluhlaza - isisekelo sobuningi obuningi obuzayo. Futhi hlola ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lungaphansi komhlaba.
Emva kokukhetha amajikijolo, ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe nge-complex complex of minerals nakho kwenziwa, kodwa ngaphandle kwe-nitrogen, njengoba kwakunjalo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo.
Kuzodingeka ukuqedela inkathi kakade ngasekupheleni kwekwindla, njengoba ihlanganise imibhede nge-strawberries nge-spice (pine) noma i-spunbond, ukuze ukushisa kugcinwe ngale ndlela akuvumeli izimpande zifakwe ebusika.
Uyazi? Strawberry (sitrobheli) amajikijolo eRussia ngokushesha nje lapho abiza - I-Polovnitsa, i-grublyanka, i-sunitsa, iVictoria (ngezinhlobo ezidumile zesiFulentshi), kodwa indlela efanele - strawberries engadini.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngaphandle kwe-strawberry mite okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla kanye nebala elimhlophe, lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-sitrobheli zitholakala ku-verticillus nokuhlasela kwe-aphid.
Ukubonakaliswa kwalolu daba kuzomele silwe ngokuhlukile:
- Bakhulula umuthi ngokuphatha izitshalo nge karbofos (kungaba yi-sulfur colloidal), usakaze amagremu angu-8 wezinto ezinama-10 amalitha amanzi. Uma lesi sifo sesifinyelele usayizi omkhulu, isisindo senyuke ngo-15%.
- Ukubonakala kukhishwa kusetshenziswa i-Antracol noma i-Ridomyl Gold (umthamo, ngokulandelana, u-15 no-25 g nge-10 l). Kungagwenywa ngenxa yokwelashwa kwe-prophylactic (izikhathi ezingu-2-3) ne-Bordeaux liquid.
- I-Verticillosis iphathwa kuphela uma kwenzeka i-lesion engadingekile, i-0.2% "Fundazol" (10 g ngalinye ngo-10 l) isetshenzisiwe, kwezinye izimo, izitshalo ezigulayo zibhujiswa. Ukuvimbela kuhlanganisa ukufaka uhlelo lwempande nge-"Agat 25K" noma "I-Potassium HUMATE" (7 no-15 g ngalinye ngo-10 l) ngaphambi kokuphuma.
Ekugcineni, ngiyakhotha, ngenkathi enganele, bayisusa nje.Uma ukuhlasela kukhulu, bese kuphethwe ngenye yezinhlanganisela ezimbili zesisombululo:
- i-garlic - i-dal yamanzi 0.2 l wejisi ka-garlic, i-anyanisi efanayo no-0.15 l-dandelion;
- insipho 6% m - 60 g / l.
Ukuhlukunyezwa okuthile okuphathelene nokulimala "iNkosana Emnyama" kukhona. Kodwa okuhle kakhulu ke umphumela! Ngakho-ke ungaba nobuvila - thola ubumnandi obumnandi nokuthula kwengqondo, futhi uma usengozini yokungena emakethe, uzothola inzuzo enkulu.
