Inani elikhulu lezitsha ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali wendabuko ngeke nje lilahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwabo okubabayo, kepha ngeke kube nempilo enhle njengangaphambili. Lokhu kungachaza kanjalo isimo sengqondo sokuhlonipha amasiko anjalonjenge-dill, i-parsley no-anyanisi.
Uma sikhuluma ngokukhula kwezimo zokushisa, khona-ke cishe kuyoba lula ukuthola isivuno esikhulu se anyanisi.
Naphezu kokuthi entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lesi siko siphumelele uletha isivuno ngendlela yemifino eluhlaza futhi emhlabathini ovulekile, inani lokuvuna elivuna liyanda kakhulu uma likhula endaweni evikelekile ezimweni ezibi zezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-anyanisi angakhula ngempumelelo ku-abamba ukushisa, hhayi kuphela ehlobo nasekuseni. Ngakho-ke, namuhla kuyaziwa kakhulu ukuba ukhule u-anyanisi kusuka emanzini abamba ukushisa ngemifino, unyaka wonke.
Izinzuzo ze-greenhouse method
- isitshalo esiphakeme isivuno;
- amathuba okusebenzisa isilondolozi;
- ikhono lokukhula u-anyanisi nokuvunwa unyaka wonke;
- ithuba lokukhula u-anyanisi unyaka wonke ukudayiswa.
Anyanisi aqukethe amavithamini amaningi nezakhi. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwalesi siko ekudleni kuvumela ukuvimbela amakhaza. Yengezwa kokubili kuma-saladi amasha, nasesobho, ama-pie, izitsha eziyinhloko.
Izinhlobo ze-anyanisi ezifanele ukutshalwa kwe-greenhouse:
- anyanisi e-slizun;
- anyanisi;
- batun bow
Kunconywa ukulima unyaka wonke ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ngokwemvelo kubhekwa njenge-slizunnjengoba lo mbono ikuvumela ukuba ujabulele imifino esheshayo unyaka wonke.
I-batun anyanisi nayo iyakwazi ukukhiqiza isivuno esihle ngenkathi ebandayo, kodwa kuyisiko ukuyihlwanyela ebusika hhayi ngaphambi kokuqala kukaDisemba: uthanda ukuphumula okungaphezulu kwenyanga ngonyaka.
Ama-anyanisi nawo afaneleka ukutshala kwasebusika noma ekwindla, kunomusa omuhle kakhulu nokuvunwa okuphezulu.
Ngakanani u-anyanisi oluhlaza olukhula endaweni yokushisa? Kakade amasonto amathathu emva kokutshala isiko, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo, kumele kufinyelele ekuvuthweni kobuchwepheshe. Kulesi simo, ubude bemifino buzoba ngamasentimitha angama-30. Ukuvunwa kwama-anyanisi aluhlaza kusuka ku-1 sq. M ku-greenhouse kuya ku-5 kg. Ngomuthi owodwa wokutshala ususwe okungenani izikhathi ezingu-5. Indlela yokutshala u-anyanisi ohlaza okwesibhakabhakeni ebusika, cabanga ngezansi.
Ngenxa yethuba lokukhulisa isiko esikhathini esifushane, singacabanga ukuthi ukuhlwanyela u-anyanisi we-feather esitheni sokushisa kuye kwaba yindleko enkulu kakhulu futhi ihamba kahle kakhulu esimweni sethu sezulu esingenangqondo. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-rack ku-greenhouse ngenxa yokusebenza nokugcinwa okucacile emkhathini, amandla kanye nomhlabathi, kuyilapho kugcinwa isivuno esiphezulu.
Yini okufanele ibe yi-greenhouse?
Indlela yokutshala u-anyanisi oluhlaza endaweni yokushisa? Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukushisa okushisa ngendlela yokuthi izithombo zivikeleke ngokuqinile emakhazeni nakwezinye izimo zezulu ezimbi. Ngenxa yokuthi Usuku olukhanyayo luhamba kancane ebusikakunenkathi yokusahlobo-ehlobo, kuyadingeka ukufaka izibani ze-fluorescent noma ama-phytolamps.
Uma izinga lokushisa lokushisa phakathi nosuku lingaphansi kwe-19ºC, futhi ebusuku akufinyeleli ku-12ºC, kanti ukushisa okwengeziwe kufanele kufakwe. Indlela yokuhlela i-photosynthesis yezitshalo endlini yokushisa, funda kwi-website yethu.
Ividiyo ewusizo!
Ukukhethwa nokulungiselela imbewu
Uma kwenzeka u-anyanisi etshalwe imbewu ngokushesha enhlabathini, ekuqaleni kufanele ukhethe uhlobo olufanele nezinhlobonhlobo ze anyanisi. Uma unquma ukukhula u-anyanisi we-batun, isibonelo, izinhlobo ze-Maysky-7 ne-Gribovsky-21 zizokwenza; uma kukhona isifiso sokukhula anyanisi, ungakwazi ukuthatha imbewu Strigunovsky wendawo noma isivuno Bessonovsky. Emva kwalokho imbewu iyahlanzwa futhi igwetshiwe for usuku emanzini afudumele kancane.
Inhlabathi ingaba ngaphambi kokukhulelwa futhi ifakwe emanzini. Ukutshala u-anyanisi ku-greenhouse, kanje:
Omunye wemibandela yokuthola isivuno esihle esikhathini esizayo ukufaka umquba. Kungenziwa kukhiqizwe kabili kwenkathi yonke: ngokushesha emva kokutshala noma nje ngaphambi kokubeka imbewu enhlabathini nezinsuku eziyishumi kamuva. Njengomanyolo Umquba ovamile uzokwenza, i-ammonium nitrate.
Zombili izingxenye zihlanjululwa ngamanzi ku-1:30. Abanye abalimi bathanda ukungeza umlotha emhlabathini, kodwa kunconywa ukuthi bayisebenzise ukuze bacebise inhlabathi ngaphambi kokuba isivuno sitshalwe.
Ama-anyanisi ayakuthanda umswakama, kodwa amanzi amaningi angamlimaza. Ukunisela umhlabathi kwenziwa ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa (cishe 25ºC) izinsuku eziningana njengoba inhlabathi imile.
U-anyanisi akhula ngemifino
Indlela yokutshala u-anyanisi ngenhlanhla ebamba lokushisa ebusika? Ukuze ukhule u-anyanisi ebamba lokushisa ebusika, okokuqala kudingekile ukucacisa izinto okuzokwenziwa kuzo ukushisa. Izinto ezibonakalayo ezinhlelweni zokwakha zibhekwa isisekelo sensimbi nesakhiwoeyenziwe nge-polycarbonate.
Isisekelo sezinkuni sinamandla angaphansi nokuqina, kepha kukhona indlela yokuphuma: ifreyimu ingafakwa nge-primer, ngakho-ke uzokwazi ukukhonza isikhathi eside.
Njengengxenye yokumboza, ukusetshenziswa kwefilimu evamile, ingilazi kanye ne-polycarbonate kuvunyelwe. Ifilimu kuyodingeka ishintshwe njalo ngonyaka, ingilazi izohlala iminyaka eminingana, kodwa futhi ihloselwe ukubhujiswa nokuguqulwa ngenxa yezingcingo ezinamandla zomoya, isichotho, neqhwa. I-Polycarbonate namhlanje enye yezinto eziwusizo kakhulu kanye nezinto zokugqoka ezihlala njalo.
Ukushisa endaweni yokushisa kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-heaters kagesi noma igesi. Ngezinye izikhathi kunokwenzeka ukugcina ukushisa ngesitofu esivuthayo.
Ukunisela kwenziwa njengoba izwe limile ngokufudumele ngamanzi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqhutshwa okungenani izikhathi ezimbili kulo lonke isikhathi. Ukuze ukwandise izindleko ezisetshenziselwa anyanisi okhulayo endaweni yokushisa ebusika, kubhekwa njengempumelelo kakhulu ukusebenzisa izindawo zokugcina izithombo eziphezulu, okuvumela ukufaka ngaphakathi ama-racks engeziwe ukuze ukhule u-anyanisi ephahleni.
Ngokuvamile, ukutshala u-anyanisi ngemifino ekushiseni okushisa kulo lonke unyaka - umsebenzi olula. Ukuze uvune njalo bese uthola u-anyanisi ukuphoqelela, kwanele ukusetha i-greenhouse ehlome kahle, ukhethe imbewu yezinhlobo ezifanele nezinhlobonhlobo ze anyanisi futhi ulungiselele kahle umhlabathi wokutshala. Ukulandela lezi zimo ezintathuUngakwazi ukuqoqa imifino anyanisi ngobuningi ebusika nasehlobo.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhuphula u-anyanisi oluhlaza ku-abamba ukushisa kule vidiyo ngezansi:
