Isitshalo se-Ornamental sikhula

Indlela yokutshala idiot i-ivory on the cottage ehlobo

I-Ivolist Derbennik iyisitshalo sezinhlobonhlobo se-ornamental se-genben Derbennik. Ukusakazwa kulo lonke elase-Eurasia, e-Australia, eRussia Federation naseNyakatho Afrika. Imbali ivame ukuhlala emanzini, emanzini omfula nezinye izindawo ezinomdabu.

Zonke izici zokutshala nokunakekela imbali, sicabanga ngalesi sihloko.

Incazelo ye-botanical

Incazelo ye-junkie (ngesithombe)

  • Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kusuka ku-80-140 cm. (Ungafinyelela ku-2 m).
  • Gwema i-tetrahedral futhi iqonde.
  • Uhlelo lomsuka: oluqinile, olunwabuzelayo, olungajulile.
  • Umsuka ugcwele futhi unzima.
  • Amapheshana ayisisekelo okuphambene (ngezinye izikhathi atholakala), phezulu-oblong, enye, kuze kube ngu-10 cm ubude.
  • Izimbali zifana nezinkanyezi, eziningi, kufika ku-1 cm.
  • I-Inflorescences inesimo se-spike, efakwe kuma-axils we-bracts.
  • I-corolla inombala obomvu; ubude bamacembe bufinyelela ku-14 mm.
  • I-capsule ye-obval oblong oval, ubude - 3-4 mm; imbewu incane.
  • Isikhathi sokuqhakaza: kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Agasti.
Uyazi? Igama elithandwayo lesitshalo liyi-plakun-utshani. Ngokomlando, imbali yavela ezinyembezini zikaMariya uMariya, echitheka ngenxa yezinhlupheko zikaKristu esiphambanweni.

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-idiot zihlukaniswa:

  • I-Sticflamme - izimbali zinombala obomvu obomvu, zifinyelela ubude buka-140 cm;
  • Zigeunerblut - izimbali zinombala obomvu obomvu, zifinyelele ubude buka-120cm;
  • Augenweide - izimbali zinombala obomvu obomvu;
  • Brilliant, Lady Sackville noRobert - bangene kuwo wonke ama-shades of pink;
  • I-Roseum - izimbali zincipha i-pink hue, ephansi.
Insimu yakho yembali iyohlotshwa ngezitshalo eziwusizo njenge calendula, marigold, periwinkle, i-wort yaseSt. John, i-lily of the valley, i-cohosh emnyama, i- Rhodiola rosea, i-stonecrop ebonakalayo, i-gravilat, i-skoumpia, i-Echinacea purpurea.

Lapho ukutshala khona ukungcola

I-greenstripe ye-Ivolist ayikhethi ngokuphathelene nezimo zezulu ezihlukene, isakaze kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. Imbali iyazichaza ngokuthi iyitshalo elithembekile futhi elinamandla, ngakho-ke livame ukusetshenziswa emklamo wezwe.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

Nakuba, lesi sitshalo kubhekwa sengathi asizithobeki, kodwa kubonakala kuhle uma kuphela ilanga elanele. Kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo, i-crater inikeza izimbali ezikhululekile.

Lesi sitshalo sithanda umswakama. Izindawo ze-Shady nezamanzi ezinamanzi, izindawo ezishisayo zelanga, izindawo eziphefumulelwe umoya, izindawo eziseduze nemifula, amachibi nezinye izindawo ezimanzi ziphelele ukufika.

Kubalulekile! Ehlobo, utshani-utshani buvunyelwe ukuba bufakelwe emanzini (imifula namanxweme ogwini) 30 cm ejulile, libekezelela amanzi asebenzayo.

Inhlabathi ekhulayo

Inhlabathi ye-lozenge kufanele ikhule, ngoba ibamba amanzi, izakhi eziningi, futhi iqukethe umoya odingekayo, okubangela ukukhula okusheshayo. Ngonyaka wokuqala, tshala isitshalo enhlabathini evulekile, lokhu kunomthelela ekwakhekeni okufanele kwesistimu.

Ukutshala imithetho izithombo

Ukufika kwe-idiot kwenziwa emhlabathini ovulekile endaweni ekhanyayo yelanga. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ama-fertilizer ephilayo asetshenziselwa phansi kwe-fossa (noma ngenkathi emba inhlabathi), bese kuthi imbali iphuziswa kakhulu. Ukuphuza njalo nokuchayeka kwelanga - imithetho esemqoka yokunakekelwa kwedoti.

Kungcono ukutshala ukushisa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo emhlabathini omanzi. Izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe zidinga ukufakwe ngamanzi futhi zimbozwe, ngaleyo ndlela zidale ukushisa okwedlulele kule ndawo, kuphela lapho imbewu izohluma ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Kubalulekile! I-Derbennik ikhetha imifino efana ne-peat kanye ne-compost (esetshenziselwa umquba omhlabathi emva kokutshala).

Izindlela zokuzala

Kunezindlela eziningana zokusakaza utshani-utshani: imbewu, ukusika, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla.

Imbewu

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlwanyela imbewu:

  • rassadnym;
  • emhlabathini ovulekile.
Imbewu yezithombo ihlwanyelwa ngoMashi. Zihlakazekile phezulu futhi zifafazwe ngomhlaba, zathululelwa phezu kwamanzi zimbozwe ngefilimu noma ingilazi yokwakha i-condensate. Ngokushesha nje lapho amaqabunga okuqala ehluma, lesi sitshalo sitshalwe zibe iziqukathi ezihlukene.

Emhlabathini ovulekile, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekwindla noma emva kweqhwa licibilikile. Imbewu ihluma ezinsukwini ezingu-20-30 emva kokuhlwanyela (ukuqhakaza iminyaka engu-2-3).

Utshani lwe-Plakun kulula ukusakaza imbewu eqoqwe. Lapho izimbali ziqhakaza, zidinga ukunqunywa, emva kwalokho imbewu iqoqwe. Izimbewu ezithengiwe azizona ezincane kakhulu kunokuba zikhethiwe; Ukutshala kufana nokutshala imbewu yasekhaya.

Uhlukanisa isihlahla

Indlela elula futhi ephumelelayo kakhulu eyenziwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Izihlahla ezivuthiwe zidinga ukumba futhi zihlukanise (nge-ax noma ifosholo, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lunamandla kakhulu) zibe izingxenye ezingu-2-3, bese lufakwa endaweni entsha futhi luthe amanzi ngokuningi.

Kubalulekile! Asikho isidingo sokuhlukanisa iziqhumane ezihlahleni eziningi ezincane, kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukugxila noma ngisho nokufa endaweni entsha.

Cuttings

Ukuze zisakaze isiqu se-Ivolist cuttings (isithombe esinamathiselwe), ekuqaleni kwehlobo noma entwasahlobo, kudingeka ziphulwe phansi kwesibhakabhaka, okungenani okungamamitha angu-10 ubude, okunye okumele kube namaqabunga angu-4-6. Khona-ke landisa izihlahla eziphelile emhlabathini ngaphansi kwefilimu noma i-cap. Ekuqaleni kwekwindla, lapho beqothula, bahlanyele endaweni ehlala njalo (incazelo yokutshala kwesitshalo inikezwe ngenhla).

Imithetho yokunakekela utshani-utshani

Izingxenye zamaminerali zisetshenziselwa ukutshala umhlabathi (okubandakanya i-nitrogen, njengoba ibangela ekuthuthukiseni ingxenye yendiza yesitshalo).

Lawa mafutha afaka:

  • i-sodium ne-calcium nitrate;
  • i-ammonium sulfate;
  • urea;
  • ammonium nitrate.
Ubuntshani be-Plakun buncike ekubumbeni. Incazelo yale nqubo: ebusweni bomhlabathi ophathwayo, lapho izinkuni zikhula khona, ukufakwa kwento kuhlanganiswa: i-sawdust, utshani, izinkuni zamapulangwe, njll, inqubo iphelile (isithombe sinamathele).
Uyazi? I-Willowbill iyisitshalo esihle seju. Uju ludlulisa elimnandi futhi lithenda.
Izinzuzo ze-mulching:

  • igcina umswakama womhlabathi eduze kwesistimu;
  • ikhuthaza ukushisa (kusindisa lesi sitshalo ngokuqandisa nokushisa);
  • kuthuthukisa inhlabathi ngezinto eziwusizo futhi uzigcine emhlabathini, ukuvimbela ukuba bangene leaching kanye weathering;
  • ukuphazamisa ukukhula kokhula;
  • ngokusetshenziswa kahle kwe-mulch, izinga elihle le-acidity litholakala emhlabathini;
  • ukuqubuzana kwemvelo kubangela ukuthi umhlaba ungapheli amandla, izimbongolo zomhlaba zivela kuwo, ezikhuthaza ukungena emoyeni, ukuchoboza izingxenye zawo, ukucubungula izinsalela eziphilayo, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Izinto zokuxubha:

  • ubumba obwandisiwe - impahla yokwakha imvelo, iqukethe ubumba ne-slate, igcina amanzi kahle emhlabathini, ukuvimbela ukuthi ingaqhumeki;
  • i-sawdust - evelele, ayikho into entsha (ingashisa isitshalo);
  • i-agrofibre - izinto ezilula, ezingapheli, ezingabambwanga - zinciphisa ingozi yokulahlekelwa kwemikhiqizo;
  • utshani noma utshani - kufinyeleleka kalula, izinto zokonga.
Kuwusizo ukwazi ukuthi ungathambisa kanjani utamatisi kahle, ama-strawberries, utshani, amazambane.
Sika indwangu yothwala entwasahlobo noma ukuwa kweqanda ngaphansi komgogodla. Amagatsha angaphezu kwamatshe asetshenziswe ehlobo (ukuma okuhle kwamahlathi).

Ebusika, akudingi indawo yokuhlala.

Izifo, izinambuzane nezinye izinkinga

I-Lycra imelana nezifo nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Lesi sitshalo singahlaselwa yi-aphid, egijima kwezinye izimbali. Ukuze ugweme ukuhlaselwa kwama-aphid emahlathini okutshala utshani, ngezikhathi ezithile hlola isitshalo.

Kubalulekile! Uma kutholakala inkathazo, phatha izithombo ngamakhemikhali aklanyelwe ukubulala izinambuzane. Ungasebenzisa i-spray lapho kuthululwa khona amanzi kanye nesepha yokuhlanza (le ndlela ayilimazi izinyosi, ama-bumblebees namanye ama-pollinator).
Izindlela zikazwelonke zokuqeda ama-aphid zihlanganisa:

  • tincture nge ama-dandelions - ama-500 g amaqabunga athululela amalitha ayishumi amanzi afudumele futhi agcizelela amahora amabili;
  • i-anyanisi ye-peel infusion - i-200 g ye-peel igxila ku-10 amalitha amanzi izinsuku ezingu-4, umshini ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa;
  • tincture of amazambane noma utamatisi phezulu - 1-2 kg wezinhlamba uthele ama-10 amalitha amanzi bese ubambe amahora 3-4;
  • i-infusion ye-celandine - silala ibhakede le-celandine, lithele ngamanzi abandayo bese ushicilela usuku olungu-1. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ubunzima.

Okuncane mayelana nezakhiwo zokuphulukisa

Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa imithi yesintu njenge-hemostatic ne-diuretic. Umsuka nokhula kuqukethe:

  • i-pectin - siza umzimba ukulwa nokuguga nokungcola. Banciphisa ama-cholesterol kanye namazinga kashukela egazi, kanye nokunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
  • i-carotene - i-vitamin A, ihlanze umzimba, ikhulise amehlo, iqinisa izimpande nezinwele.
  • uchungechunge lwe-glycosidec - ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wezinhliziyo (ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-glycosides kubangela ubuthakathaka, ukuhlanza, isizungu, ukujuluka, ukuthumba, nemiphumela eminingi engathandekayo).
  • tannins - ikhiqiza izenzo ze-hemostatic, izenzo zokulwa nokuvuvukala nokuhlanza.
Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa njenge-decoction yekhanda, nangaphandle ngaphandle kwemivimbo.
IJuniper, chervil, bay leaf, lovage, mordovnik, maple babe izakhiwo diuretic.
I-Derbennik iphikisana nabantu abanegazi eliphakeme negazi eliphezulu.

I-Derbennik - isitshalo esihle esingapheli esidinga ukugcinwa okuncane. Ukungahloniphi, ukukhula yonke indawo - indlela engcono kunazo zonke ezenzelwe izingadi ezinkulu, njengoba izimbali ziqala kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.