"I-Tunbergiya" - isitshalo esihle esingapheliyo.
Lapho kukhula kudinga ukwesekwa okuqinile.
Iphendula kahle ngokugqoka okuphezulu, ukuchelela njalo nokukhanyisa okuhle.
Intshonalanga inhlabathi enezivikelo eziqinile.
Umlando we
I-Tunbergia yathola igama layo ngokuhlonipha umShwanisi wemvelo wemvelo waseSweden wekhulu le-XVIII-XIX. UKarl Peter Thunberg, obizwa ngokuthi "ubaba waseBrazil waseNingizimu Afrika". Kwalethwa eYurophu ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18. Ngemva kwalokho, lezi zinhlobo zaqanjwa kabusha ngamathambo izikhathi eziningana, kodwa namuhla ziyaziwa phansi ngaphansi kwegama eliqanjiwe, elinye isazi, uCarl Linley, esinikeza lesi simila ngokuhlonipha iThunberg.
Incazelo jikelele yesitshalo
"I-Tunbergiya" - isitshalo sokuhlobisa izimbali. Indawo yokuhlala eNingizimu Afrika. Isikhathi eside singatholakala esiqhingini saseMadagascar, eKorea, eJapane, e-Australia.
Kunama-subspecies angaphezu kwangu-200 ahlukene. Igama lesiLatini: Thunbergia. Kungomndeni wakwa-Acanthaceae. Imbali ebizwa ngehlonipho yendalo yemvelo nomcwaningi uCarl Peter Thunberg. Futhi ngenxa ye-lilac peephole phakathi nembali, lesi sitshalo sibhekwa ngokuthi "uSyann-eyama-Black."
Akukwahle ukutshala lesi sitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile.njengokushisa okubandayo kufaka uhlelo lwempande. Ngakho-ke, imbali ethi "Tunbergiya" isetshenziswe njenge-letnik. Lo mmele we-flora angatshalwa emasimini, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, loggias ebanzi, ama-balconi nasemakamelweni angaphakathi.
Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo sizohlala isikhathi eside. Isetshenziselwa ukulima okuqondile. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukwesekwa okuphezulu. Ukuphakama "i-Tunbergiya" kufinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-2.5.
Lesi sitshalo singaba ngesimo sesihlahla noma umvini ovuthiwe. Amaqabunga aqoshiwe angama-oval noma ngesimo sezinhliziyo. Ubude bufinyelela ku-3-11 cm, kuye ngokuthi yi-subspecies.
Emaphethelweni amaqabunga ahlambulukile. Izimbali ngendlela yama-funnels. I-3-5 cm ububanzi. Izimbali zitholakala ezinhlakeni ezihlangene.
Kungaba ngumuntu ongashadile noma oqoqwe ngama-inflorescences aminyene. Imibala yezimbali ihlukile: i-white, i-lilac, i-turquoise, i-amber, i-brown, i-purple, i-maroon.
Amanye ama-subspecies anikezwe ukunambitheka okuqinile kwe-tart. Izimbali zivela kusukela maphakathi noJulayi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Izinhlobo ngezithombe
Umkhulu
Izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (eziningi-flowered) ezivela enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-India. Endaweni yemvelo itholakala e-China, eNepal, eBhutan. Lesi isitshalo esisihlahla esivamile esinezindebe, ukukhuphuka. Amaqabunga alezi zilwane ahlukaniswa nombala ohlaza obala obala, angabhebhezela noma abe yi-pubescent, emaphethelweni aphethwe. Izimbali zalesi sitshalo zikhulu (kuze kube ngu-10 cm), ngokuvamile zikhula emabhulashini aminyene, kodwa nazo zodwa. Ububanzi bombala bubanzi kakhulu, kusuka emhlophe nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu nokubomvu.
I-tunbergia eningi enamanzi iyatshalwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa emakamelweni afudumele anomswakama ophezulu. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izimbali zalo ziqhakaza, kubusika kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga lokushisa - akumele kube ngaphansi kuka-12 ° C, kanti ehlobo kufanele ugweme ukukhanya kwelanga.
AmaFragrans
Okuvuthayo - isitshalo esibonakala njengomvini ovuthiwe ode ubude buka-6 m. Amaqabunga angama-triangular ngaphezulu anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ephansi-ephukile, eneqabunga phakathi. Izimbali zingashadile, zimhlophe, zize zibe ngu-5 cm ubude. Zivame ukuvala ebusuku bese ziqhakaza ekuphumeni kwelanga. Isici esiyinhloko esivela kulezi zilwane yiphunga elimnandi, elimnandi lezimbali.
I-Mysorensis
I-Mizorenskaya (Mysore) nayo ivela eNdiya futhi mhlawumbe ilungu elingavamile lomndeni. Esikhathini esingokwemvelo, semvelo, i-stalk-liana ye-Mysore tunbergia ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-10. Amahlamvu - amaningi, eside, aluhlaza.
Isici esiyinhloko salezi zilwane yilona uhlobo lwemibala engavamile. Ngokulenga kuqhuma kuze kufike kumitha eyodwa ubude, ama-shades abomvu nama-orange akhula izimbali, okwakubonakala sengathi kufana nomlomo wenyoka. Ukufana kufana nakakhulu ngenxa yezinhlamvu ezilingisa amazinyo emhlathi.
Alata
I-Winged nayo ibize ngokuthi: "USusan onama-Black." Wathola igama lakhe ngenxa yesimo sezimbali. I-hues emhlophe, ephuzi neyolintshi, isakhiwo sifana nephiko lephevemvane, futhi maphakathi namagundane kunomgogodla omnyama ojikelezayo obukeka njengeso.
Emvelweni, umvini walesi sitshalo ungakhula ube ngamamitha ayi-6. Esimweni sethu sezulu, i-tunbergia enamaphiko ikhula kancane kancane ize ifinyelele ku-2.5 m. Ngokuvamekile ikhulile kusuka kumbewu, njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke.
I-Erecta iqondile
I-West Africa ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yalesi sitshalo kanye nesimo sezulu saseYurophu lezi zinhlobo ezingatholakali. I-shrub enamagatsha ayo amahlumela afinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili nesigamu. Ubungqayizivele bale mhubhe wukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqubuka iziqu, ngakho-ke, uma sezikhulile, kumele ziboshwe ezikhontsheni.
Amafomu - ama-serrated, ama-lanceolate. Izimbali zingashadile futhi zibe nombala obomvu ngebala elincane eliphuzi phansi.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Izenzo emva kokuthenga
Ungathengi isitshalo ebusika.
Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi isitshalo sifike isikhathi sokuphumula, futhi singasakaza amaqabunga amaningi.
Ebusika, imbali idinga ukushisa okukhethekile nokunakekelwa kahle.
Abathengi abaningi, abhekana nezinkinga eziningi, baphonsa lesi sitshalo emgwaqweni.
Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthenga okungapheli entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.
Ukudubula
Uma kwenziwa isidingo ukususa izitshalo ezincane nezimila. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwalolu hlumela olumele kumele luthunyelwe ngendlela efanele. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa ukwesekwa nocingo. Ungasebenzisi izinto ezilukhuni. Ukuxuba kungaphazamisa impilo yesitshalo.
Ukunisela
Isitshalo sikhetha ukuchelela okulinganiselayo. Kodwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwezimbali phakathi no-Julayi, kwanda kakhulu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, imbali idinga umswakama owengeziwe.
Uma kungenjalo, lo mmeleli we-flora uzoqala ukufaka amaqabunga namafihleki angavulekile. Izimbali zingaqala ukuqubuka. Esikhathini esishisayo, isilwane esilwane sithanda ukuphalaza njalo kusuka kumshini wokufafaza. Inqubo ingcono kakhulu eyenziwa kusihlwa.
Ukufakelwa
Ukutshala izihlahla kwenziwa kuphela uma ukhula ekhaya.
Kudingeka ukhethe iziqukathi ezikhulu ngobubanzi.
Umhlaba usetshenziselwe ukuthenga izimbali zasekhaya noma i-cacti yokuhlobisa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba uphelelwe umoya kanye namanzi. Ukugeleza kwamatshe emvelo noma ubumba obunwetshiwe kuthululwa phansi. Thela umhlabathi omnyama ufake isitshalo. Kunamanzi amaningi.
Kubalulekile! Ungondla umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen. Isikhathi sokufaka isicelo: 1 isikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-14.
Kodwa phakathi nenkathi yezimbali kunqatshelwe ukondla isitshalo. Lokhu kuzothinta kakhulu ukukhula okusebenzayo nokuchichima okuningi.
Ukushisa
Lesi sitshalo sishisa kakhulu. Ikhula kahle ekushiseni kuka-23 ° C.
Ebusika, izinga lokushisa akufanele liwe ngaphansi kwe-15 ° C. Imbali ithanda umoya omanzi. Esikhathini esishisayo sezulu, eduze kwalo, ungabeka isitsha ngamanzi noma kumswakama oswakanyisiwe. Lesi sitshalo sithanda amakamelo amnandi.
Ukukhanyisa
Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya kwemvelo okukhanyayo. Ayikwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside elangeni. Ebusika, ikhetha ukukhanya okungeziwe okufakelwayo.
Ukufika
Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Kubalulekile ukulinda amaqhwa. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sitshalo sizoqhwaza.
Kulo mmeleli we-flora, kuyadingeka ukuthola indawo evikelekile kusuka kumashilo kanye nelanga eliqondile. Akunconywa ukutshala isitshalo ngasenyakatho, ngoba "i-Tunbergia" ayithandi umthunzi njalo. Ikhula ngokujulile enhlabathini engathathi hlangothi. Uthanda inhlabathi enomsoco onomsoco.
Umhlaba we-limestone newukhenywe ufundwa kusengaphambili endaweni ekhethiwe yokufika. Kudingekile ukusetha lo mmeleli we-flora ebangeni lika-35-40 cm komunye nomunye.
Ngaphambi kokufika kudingekile ukwakha ukwesekwa okuqinile. Ungasebenzisa ukugaya noma izintambo ezisontekile. Ngabo, umvini ovuthayo uyokhula noma ohlangothini. Ngemuva kokufika indawo inqwaba kakhulu. Izimbali zivela ezinsukwini ezingu-30-100 emva kokutshala.
Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni
Ukukhula kusuka imbewu kuqala ukukhiqiza ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Imbewu yokutshala kumele iphathwe "fumar" noma "epin." Bahlwanyelwa emibhoshini ngenhlabathi emanzi. I-substrate kufanele ibe nenhlabathi ye-turf, i-peat kanye nesihlabathi esisolwandle esilungisiwe.
Izinhlanzi, i-humus ne-coarse river sand zingasetshenziswa. Imbewu itshalwe phakathi nethangi. Ufakwe umhlabathi omnyama futhi uhambelana ne-spray. Yakha i-mini-greenhouse yomphumela wokushisa okushisa.
Izinto zokutshala zigcwele amathini, izikhwama zeplastiki noma amabhodlela epulasitiki. Into esemqoka ukuvumela ithangi livumele ilanga. Amandla afakwa efasiteleni.
Kubalulekile ukuthi indawo ifakwe kahle, ifudumele, ngaphandle kwemidwebo.
Umhlabathi kuleli tangi kufanele ube njalo esimweni esinomanzi.
Ukushisa okukhulu kokukhula kungu-21-23 ° C.
Ezimweni ezinhle, amahlumela okuqala kufanele avele ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-7. Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga e-mini-greenhouse ahlanzekile. Lesi sitshalo kumele senzeke kancane kancane ekamelweni lokushisa.
Izinambuzane
Kungase kuthinteke izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-aphid, ama-whiteflies nama-flaps. Zonke izinambuzane zibhujiswa ngamaphilisi amachiza. Ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa "actellic" kanye "fitoverm". Isikhathi esiphakathi kokupunga: izinsuku ezingu-7-14. Inombolo yezikhathi zokucubungula: 1-4. Izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesine lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukusifuthola. Amakhemikhali angaphazamisa impilo yesitshalo nabantu abaningana abahlala.
Kubalulekile! Emva kokufafaza imbali kumele igcinwe kude nezingane kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo. Uma iToubergia ingena emzimbeni, kuyadingeka ukuba ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.
Izifo
Ngezinye izikhathi isitshalo sithinteka yizifo ezifayo.
Lesi sifo siphathwa nge-fungicides.
Izindawo ezithintekile zamapheshana nezimbali kufanele zisuswe. Futhi lo mmeleli wezitshalo angagula ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungalungile.
Lapho isikhunta esiluhlaza sibonakala emagatsheni, izimbali noma amaqabunga, kubalulekile ukuyeka ukupompa nokuphuza. Lesi sitshalo sishintshwa zibe iziqukathi ezintsha bese sithatha inhlabathi kuwo.
Lapho amahlumela avela kanye namaqabunga akhulayo, imbali ihlelwa kabusha noma ifakwe endaweni ekhanyisiwe. Ukukhula okungavamile kwamaqabunga kubonisa ukukhula okunamandla kakhulu.
Kuphi futhi kusetshenziswa kanjani
Ngenxa yezakhiwo ezigxilisayo zeziqu, lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuklama izingadi. I-Tunbergia ikhula kahle futhi isheshe ithole ukuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukugoqa nxazonke zezicingo noma i-trellis ishiya umbala ogcwele. "Ukuqokomisa" kwendonga enjalo kukhona izimbali zemibala ehlukahlukene ekhanyayo, ehlukana kahle komunye nomunye futhi enikeza indawo indawo yokuphelela.
Ngaphandle kwezici zokuhlobisa ku-design landscape, lokhu Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko nendabuko, kanye ne-cosmetology:
- njenge-antipyretic kanye nesilonda sokuphulukisa,
- ukujwayelekile ukwenza ibhalansi yamanzi-lipid,
- ukususa ubuthi emzimbeni,
- njengengxenye eluhlaza yezingxube eziphilayo,
- ukunciphisa inqubo yokuguga, ukubhebhezela imibimbi, njll.
"I-Tunbergiya" - i-liana egcwele izimbali ezivuthiwe. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya kwelanga, ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe, ukuchelela njalo nokupuniza. Kungakhula ezimweni zasendlini, zokugcina izithombo kanye nezitidi zezitshalo. Uma utshala endaweni evulekile yonyaka.
