I-currant iyi-berry enomnandi, enesiphundu neyenempilo enephunga elimnandi. Kukhona abathandi abaningi bale berry, futhi kuyadingeka ukuba baye emhlathini kusengaphambili. Izitshalo eziningi kakhulu ze-currant bush zinikeza kusukela ngonyaka wesine kuya komnyaka wesishiyagalombili wokuphila, emva kokufika kwesikhathi sokuvuselela izihlahla. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokukhiqiza kwalesi siko, akuzona eziyinkimbinkimbi ekufezeni.
Cuttings
Ukuze i-currants yokukhiqiza isebenzise kokubili ukusika okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuluhlaza.
I-currants emhlophe, ebomvu neyomnyama yiwo amajikijolo awusizo kakhulu angalungiswa ngesimo se-jam, i-compote noma iwayini.
Uyazi? I-Currant amajikijolo kuya ekhulwini le-XYI okuthiwa i-monastic berry. Amakholi asetshenziswa kakhulu ngezinhloso zokwelapha nezomsoco. Futhi kakade Xyi amakhulu eminyaka yaqala ukukhula emasimini.
Okuhlaza
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-currant emnyama nge-cuttings eluhlaza ehlobo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kwabo okusebenzayo - le nkathi iwela ekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Ukuvuna ukutshala izinto kungcono ukukhetha usuku olumnyama, ngakho-ke isihlahla silahlekelwa umswakama ophansi, futhi ngezinsuku ezinelanga ukuvuna kwenziwa ekuseni kakhulu:
- Ekukhethweni kwehlathi, okuzovela kuzo izikhala, kubalulekile ukuphatha kahle. Isihlahla somama kufanele sibe nempilo enhle, sinike isivuno esiningi futhi sibe yizinhlobonhlobo. Ama-twig anqunywa ngo-10-15 cm, ingxenye ngayinye kufanele iqukathe okungenani amahlumela amathathu. Ukusika kunqunywe kusuka phezulu phezulu kwe-angle kuya kwezinso, futhi kusukela phansi phansi ukusika okuqondile kuyenziwa kude no-0.5 cm kusuka ehlathini.
- Amaqabunga anqunywa phansi kanye neziqu, amaqabunga aphezulu ahlukaniswa isigamu - le nqubo edingekayo yenziwa ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa komswakama.
- I-cuttings ekhulayo itshalwe ekhoneni, igxilise kakhulu emhlabathini (cishe emaqabunga).
- Izinto ezihlwanyelwe kumele ziphuze, zimbozwe ngendwangu yesikhwama semifino, ukhula njalo, ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula.
- Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, izithombo zivela kuqala izibonakaliso zenqubo yezimpande, ekupheleni kwehlobo zakha uhlelo oluqinile lwezimpande, kanti isihlahla esincane esiyinkimbinkimbi sizokhula kusukela ekusikeni. Ekuqaleni kwe-autumn currant bushs badluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Kubalulekile! Akunconywa ukuba sikhule i-currants ngembewu. Izitshalo ezinjalo azikwazi ukuzuza zonke izimfanelo ezihlukahlukene.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-currant cuttings entwasahlobo emanzini kungenye yezindlela ezilula. Sika izicucu zezingcezu ezingu-2-3 ezigonywe emanzini egumbini ukuze zihlanganisa amafihledi amabili. Izibonakaliso zokuqala zezintambo zivela ngosuku lweshumi, ngesikhathi sokutshala kulezimbewu, kokubili izimpande namaqabunga akhiwa kwi-seedling.
Izithombo ezitshaliwe emhlabathini kuphela lapho isimo sesimo sezulu sesiphelile futhi ngeke kube khona usongo lokubuya kwamaqhwa.
I-Lignified
Ukukhiqizwa kwezicucu ezimnyama ezikhishwa ngamanzi aphethwe entwasahlobo:
- ukusika ama-cuttings, isikhathi sikhethwa lapho amaqabunga eqala ukukhula ngobukhulu - ukuvuvukala;
- igatsha elivuthiwe liqedwa phansi - phansi kwezinga ukuze lingashiyi i-penechki, futhi lihlukanise libe yizigaba eziyi-15 cm, kuzama ukwenza ukusikeka eduze kwehlumela;
- ukusika kufanele kwenziwe nge-angeli, ngakho-ke kuyoba lula kuwe ukuba ubambelele emhlabathini;
- impahla ehlwanyelwe yokutshala iqoqwe ezinxenyeni ezincane, ehlanganiswe ngendwangu yokuzivikela yetshani noma i-sawdust, ishiywe ukuze ihlale iqinile eqhweni, noma ihlanganiswe ngezicucu zokusika ngefilimu futhi igcinwe esiqandisini;
- ngemuva kokuba umhlaba ufike ekujuleni kwe-20 cm, qhubeka nokufika. Ngaphansi kokuthambekela okuncane, lezi zinqunyiwe zinamathele enhlabathini evuliwe ebangeni elingama-20 cm komunye nomunye. Izithombo kufanele zihambe emhlabathini ngaphambi kokuqhuma kwesibili. Qinisekisa ukuthi isithombo sihlezi phansi emhlabathini, uma kunesidingo, sidonsa phansi. Ehlathini ekwindla ekhulile idluliselwa endaweni enomphela.
Ukuthola ukuvunwa okucebile kwama currants kudinga ukunakekelwa okunempilo: ukondla, ukusika izihlahla kanye nezivikelo.
Uyazi? I-currant berry engapheli iyasiza kakhulu kunokuvuthwa, ngoba iqukethe vithamini C. ephindwe kane.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-black currant cuttings elignified kungenziwa kukhiqizwa ekwindla. Izinto zokutshala ezilungiselelwe ziqhubekile emhlabathini, zizama ukugcina i-angle ye-45 ° (ukuze umhlaba oqhwaziwe ungenakukwazi ukuwaphilisa phezulu) futhi kude no-5 cm komunye nomunye, ushiye ama-buds amabili ngaphezu komhlaba. Kuyadingeka ukuba udonsa phansi phansi izitshalo (ungawacindezela ngezinyawo zakho) ukuze kuthi uma udilika ungaxhumi emhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! Njalo unake umbala we-wood cutting - yellow uveza ukuthi indaba yokutshala igula. Umbala we-seedling enempilo unomhlophe-oluhlaza.I-currants yokutshala ezinqweni zokuwa ezithintekayo endaweni ephezulu futhi zihlanganiswe ngendwangu yamanqamu, ikuvumela ukuba ukhule izithombo ngaphandle kokunye ukungenelela komuntu. Uma lezi zinqunyiwe zingaphezu kwe-overwinter, khona-ke entwasahlobo uzolubona ukukhula okuncane kwezitshalo.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Njengomthetho, le ndlela ayisebenzisi kabi - kunalokho kunzima ukuphoqa ukuhlukahluka okuthile, ukudlulisela isihlahla komunye umbhede. Ukulandelana kwezenzo:
- Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla sekwephuzile, isihlahla sikhishwe. Sika amagatsha endala emmpandeni, kuze kube sekugcineni, ekugcineni umphumela kufanele uhlale kuphela amagatsha amancane, okufanele afinyelelwe ku-30 cm.
- Wahlola ngokucophelela izimpande zezitshalo - ubudala kanye nezifo okufanele zisuswe.
- Ngesikhali esibukhali, isihlahla sihlukaniswe ngokuthi i-lobes, siqaphele ngokuqiniseka ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye inamagatsha aneziqu eziqhamukayo kanye nenqubo yezimpande.
Uyazi? Ithiyi le-Currant leaf liwusizo kubo bobabili abadala nabantwana. Ithuthukisa inkumbulo, umsebenzi wobuchopho, inezinto ze-tonic.
Ukubeka
Indlela elula yokuvala uhluma kahle. Itholakala eqinisweni lokuthi amagatsha ase-currants ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo awela phansi.
Kulezi zinambuzane ezivame ukwedlula ama-currants zihlaselwa: i-aphid, isicabucabu, isisulu, izinambuzane, izifo - i-powdery isikhutha kanye ne-toe rust.
I-Horizontal
Amahlumela anempilo futhi aqinile anyaka wonke afakwa emanzini amasentimitha amahlanu ajulile, eqinisekisa igatsha ngeziqu. Lapho amahlumela efinyelela ukuphakama kwe-10 cm, ama-groove ahlanganiswe nomhlaba.
Iziqongo zamahlumela ziyakunqunywa ekuHlanjeni kokuqala, ngale ndlela elula zivusa inombolo enkulu yefihlekile. Ukuze uhlelo lwempande luthuthuke kahle ehlathini, kubalulekile ukupaka ihlumela lomhlaba libe yi-cm cm, emva kwesikhathi esithile (njengoba igciwane likhula) le nqubo kufanele iphindwephindwe, ungakhohlwa ngokunyuka kwenhlabathi.
Engxenyeni yesibili ka-Okthoba, izendlalelo ezinezitshalo ezitholakalayo zizocutshungulwa ngokucophelela. Ukusebenzisa i-pruner noma ummese obukhali, bahlukaniswa negatsha. Izithombo ezinamandla kakhulu zihanjiswe endaweni ehlala njalo, ezibuthakathaka zitshalwe endaweni yokushisa (nursery).
I-Arc
Le ndlela isetshenziswa uma kungekho sidingo sokuvuna inani elikhulu lokutshala impahla. Kusukela kolunye uhlaka, kutholakala isihlahla esisodwa esisha.
Ngesikhathi esingaba ngu-40 cm, umgodi uguqulwa kusuka ehlathini lomama onama-cm angama-20. Ihlumela le-currant elikhethiwe liboshwe i-arc ukuze likhule, lifakwe emgodini futhi livikeleke ngokuyisisekelo. Indwangu ekhonjiwe yehlumela ihlanganiswe nenhlabathi evundile.
Ukuze uthole ukunqwabelana okungcono kwe-cuttings noma i-cuttings, kutuswa ukuba usebenzise izingxube zenhlabathi, ezingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile, futhi zihlanganise:
- hlanganisa ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo peat nesihlabathi;
- hlanganisa izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-peat ne-sawdust endala;
- ingxenye ye-sod land kanye nezingxenye ezintathu ze-sawdust ebolile (linden, alder, aspen).
Ukusakazwa kwe-Currant kwenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, futhi le nqubo ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi i-complex. Ukuqondiswa komthetho owodwa: ihlumela elikhethiwe lokuzalanisa kumele libe namandla futhi liphilile - lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola izithombo eziqinile, ezizoveza isivuno esikhulu esikhathini esizayo.
