Ulethe izinkukhu zezinkukhu futhi uthembele ezinzuzweni eziphezulu kusukela ekudayiseni kwalo mkhiqizo owusizo, futhi i-ryaba yakho ibeka amaqanda afana nama-peas. Iyini inkinga? Uke wawela isikhunta esingenasici noma wenza okuthile okungalungile? Kungenzeka yini ukusindisa isimo - ake siyiqonde!
Okokuqala, khumbulani: izimbangela zamaqanda amancane enkukhu zingaba eziningana, futhi ezinye zazo ziqondiswa ukulungiswa, kanti ezinye azikho. Ukuze singazitholi thina nenyoni, sizozama ukwenza kahle "ukuxilongwa", futhi lapho kuyoba lula ukunquma "ukwelashwa".
Iminyaka yenkukhu
Njengoba wazi, izinkukhu zokuzala amaqanda ziqala ukuphuthuma cishe kunyama. I-clutch yokuqala ingakujabulisa kakade Inkukhu eneminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa ubudala, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi amaqanda anjalo azobukeka njengeziqanda zezintshe.
Kubalulekile! Inkukhu encane ingase ifeze okokuqala kakade emavikini angu-17 ubudala, kepha kuze kube yilapho inyoni ifinyelela ukuvuthwa okugcwele ngokocansi, izothatha amaqanda hhayi okukhulu kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukukhuluma ngokukhulelwa lapho inkukhu ifinyelela okungenani ¾ kwesisindo esijwayelekile senyoni endala, ngokuvamile evame ukuphela kwenyanga yesithupha yokuphila.
Ngakho-ke, iminyaka yenkukhu yinto yokuqala ebeka ubukhulu beqanda lezinkukhu, ngakho abalimi abasebenzisa i-novice akufanele bakhathazeke ngeze. 
Ngendlela, ngezinye izikhathi, ekuphishekeleni inzuzo, bazama ukugqugquzela ngokukhiqiza amaqanda okubeka ama-hens, futhi njalo ukuhlolwa okunjalo kuphephile impilo yezinyoni. Ukwazi lokhu, abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho abakwaziyo ukubhekana nanyana yikuphi amaqhinga wokuvumela abantwaba baqale ukuhlala esidlekeni msinyana, kodwana ngokuziqhenya benze izimo zezinyoni ezincane eziphambene nalabo abagqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kweqanda (ikakhulukazi ngoba ezinye izinkukhu zezinkukhu zijwayele ukungahambi kahle ukukhiqizwa kweqanda).
Uyazi? Iqanda elincanyana kunazo zonke lezinkukhu lalilinganisa ama-2.5 g kuphela, okungenani amancane amahlanu ezincane kunezigwaca ezijwayelekile, futhi lalingama-2 cm ubude obungaphezulu kuka-2 cm, okuncane kakhulu kuneqanda lezigwaca. Lokhu kutholakala kwatholakala endlini yakhe yenkukhu ngumuntu wezinwele waseChina ogama lakhe linguHo Daiou. Iqanda le-Bantama lezinyosi lizalwe phansi, kepha isisindo esivamile seqanda le-bird liyi-45 g. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amaShayina ayefanele acele amathuluzi ukucacisa ubukhulu obuqondile benzalo esitolo sezinto zokugqoka!
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda ukuthi amacile amancane ayenzeka nje kuphela emncane kakhulu, kodwa futhi ezinkukhu ezindala kakhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, ubukhulu bamaqanda obhekene nesikhathi esisodwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza sanda kuqala bese kuqala ukwehla. Ngokujwayelekile lapho uneminyaka emibili, i-hen kakade ithwala amaqanda amancane, futhi inani labo liye lahlehla kancane kancane. 
Ukuzalwa
Ukubuza ukuthi kungani izinkukhu zakho zithwala amaqanda amancane, kudingeka futhi unqume ukuthi yiliphi uhlobo okhuluma ngalo. Ekuchazeni kwanoma yikuphi ukukhulelwa kwenkukhu kunamapharamitha afana nalokhu usayizi weqanda evamile. Isibonelo, i-sultanka emhlophe, i-45 g ibhekwa njengesisindo esivamile, okuncane kakhulu kunezindwangu zaseChochinchina cishe ngo-55 g.
Uma ngokuyinhloko usayizi weqanda kuwe, kufanele unikeze okuthandayo ezinhlotsheni ezinjenge-leggorn (ebelethwe e-USA), i-highsex-brown (i-hybrid yesiDashi), i-iza-brown (evulelwe eFrance), i-broken-brown (eJalimane), ephezulu ( EU.SA), u-Ushanka wase-Ukraine, inkukhu emhlophe yaseRussia, iMinorca (eSpain), iPushkin (RF). Ukukhiqizwa kwalezi zinhlanga kulinganisa isilinganiso sama gramu angu-60 nokunye okuningi.
Izinkukhu ze-Amrox, i-Maran, i-Dominic and i-Wyandot zivela ekukhiqizeni amaqanda amahle.
Ngakho, inkinga yamaqanda amancane ingaba nawo izizathu ezimbili zomgomo ngokuphelele - iminyaka yenkukhu noma izici zohlobo. Kulokhu, akukho okukhethekile okudingeka kwenziwe. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi "okulungile" kuzo zonke izinkukhu izinkukhu zithwala lokho okumele zikwazi ukukwenza, kodwa ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle kwesizathu, ziqala ukukhiqiza izinhlawulo ezingcolile esikhundleni samaqanda ahambisana nonyaka kanye nokuzalwa kwazo. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini engalungile ne-birdie yakho, ngoba kungenzeka kube nezinketho eziningana.
Uyazi? Iqanda elikhulu elibizwa ngokuthi umphumela "womsebenzi" wenkukhu waseGeorgia: ngo-2011, wakwazi ukudiliza i-testicle isisindo esingu-170 g, ububanzi bayo babuyi-8.2 cm * 6.2 cm. Ngakho-ke, inkukhu yayicindezela endaweni yesibili umphumela weshukela waseBrithani okuthiwa i-Harriet - isisindo seqanda lakhe eliyingqayizivele laliyi-163 g, kodwa ukuphakama kwakungu-11.5 cm! Kodwa-ke, umphumela ohlaba umxhwele kakhulu wabhalwa kuGuinness Book of Records: ngo-1956, inkukhu yohlobo lwe-Leghorn yenza isimangaliso esinesisindo esingama-454 g. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yayinezikhupha ezimbili namacilongo amabili, kepha ngisho noma sicabanga ukuthi sikhuluma ngamaqanda amabili okumela konke okufanayo, isisindo sabo siyamangalisa!
Umzimba wangaphandle
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kuyimbangela elula yokwehla okubukhali usayizi weqanda kusuka endaweni yokubuka yokuxilongwa. Uma, ngaphezu kwamasayizi amancane, akukho i-yolk eqanda lezinkukhu, mhlawumbe isizathu siwukuthi into eyenziwa yinyoni ngokungafanele ibe yi-yolk ye-oviduct. Njengomthetho, le "nto" ifika eqanda esikhundleni se-yolk, futhi akunjalo, akukho mkhiqizo onjalo.
I-feather evamile ingaba njengomzimba wangaphandle, kulokhu iqanda elincane liyinkinga eyodwa, engakwazi ukuxazululwa yedwa (umzimba wangaphandle ungena eqanda futhi ngaleyo ndlela isuswe ngokuphepha emzimbeni). 
Kodwa uma i-anzheltkovye amaqanda amancane ephenduka uhlelo, kufanele ubonise inkuku yakho ku-vet, ngoba inkinga ingachazwa izibungu, futhi sekuyingozi empilweni yezinyoni zakho - njengoba kuyaziwa, i-helminths idla ngokufana nomzimba abahlala kuyo, isusa izakhi ezidingekayo kuyo.
Ngenxa yalokho, inkukhu ilahlekelwa isisindo, ingculaza yayo iyancipha, engabangela izifo ezinzima ngisho nokufa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye i-helminths empilweni yokuphila kwazo ziletha izinto ezinobuthi ezithinteka egazini lezinyoni futhi zingabangela nokuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene.
Kubalulekile! Izimpawu zokuba khona kwezibungu ezinkukhu, ngaphezu kwamaqanda amancane angenalutho, nakho kuyashintsha ekubukeni nasekuziphatheni kwenyoni: ikhukhu iba yindlala, ithola isisindo kabi futhi ilahlekelwa isifiso sayo. Uma uthola izimpawu ezinjalo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha bese uqhuba ucwaningo oludingekile.
Ngeshwa, kwezinye izimo kuyadingeka ukuxazulula inkinga ngomzimba wangaphandle oviduct ngokusebenzayo, ngisho noma ungaxhunyiwe nezibungu. Ngakho-ke, thintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane uma amaqanda amancane ngaphandle kwe-yolk evela njalo, kufanele nakanjani. 
Ukuvuvukala kwe-oviduct
Lesi sifo sabizwa salpingitiskanti nakuba kuyingozi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinkukhu, izakhi zezinkukhu zithinteka yilesi sifo kaningi.
Kubalulekile! I-salpingitis ibangelwa i-bacterium ye-genus Staphylococcus. Lesi sifo siyingozi kakhulu ezinkukhu. Uma kungekho izinyathelo ezithathwe, kungenzeka ukuthi ulahlekelwe yiyo yonke imfuyo, ngakho-ke ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane kuyadingeka: ukuxilongwa okunembile kuzokusiza ukuqala ukuhlolwa kwegazi lomuntu ogulayo.
Ngaphandle kwezinguquko usayizi weqanda, ukuvuvukala kwe-oviduct esiteji sokuqala kubonakala ukwanda kwamafutha omzimba emzimbeni wenkukhu. Kamuva, ukuziphatha kwenyoni kuyashintsha - kubonakala kuqhathanisiwe, kudla kancane, futhi nje njengendwangu encane. Uma kungekho sinyathelo esithathwa ngalesi sigaba, le nyoni iyafa. 
Izimbangela ze-salpingitis ezinjeni zingase zihluke kakhulu. Okokuqala, kunjalo ukudla okunempilo. Ngokuyinhloko, lesi sifo singase senzeke ngokumelene nesizinda se-calcium ukuntuleka, kanye namavithamini A, B4, D no-E ngokudlula amaprotheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, oviduct ukuvuvukala ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka njengomphumela ukulimala, isibonelo, isiteleka noma ukuwa.
Isizathu sesithathu ukubeka amaqanda ku uncane kakhulu (esishiwo ngenhla ukuthi kuyingozi kakhulu ukugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kweqanda ezinkukhu ezincane) noma nje amaqanda amakhulu kakhulu lapho inkukhu "ayikwazi ukukhipha", okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-oviduct. Esinye isifo singabangela nesifo, isibonelo, ukuvuvukala kwe-cloaca noma uhlobo oluthile lokutheleleka.
Uyazi? Izinyoni zilalela kakhulu ukukhanya kunezilwane. Umfutho wesisindo ovela esweni usakazwa engxenyeni yobuchopho obushukumisa ama hormone athile omzimba. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yomthethonqubo wokufakelwa kobude bemini, kungenzeka ukuthi kokubili ukwandisa nokwehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda.
Kuye kwaphawulwa, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi ezinye izici ezihlotshaniswa nokuqukethwe kwezinkukhu ngezinye izikhathi zibangelwa i-salpingitis, ikakhulukazi, ukukhanyisa endlini ye hen, ukuhambisana nombuso wokushisa, ukuhlanzeka, ukutholakala kwemidwebo, njll. 
Ngakho-ke, icala lezilwane liwukuthola ukuxilongwa nokubeka ukwelashwa, kodwa ukuze uqonde izimbangela, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya izici eziningi. I-salpingitis iphathwa ngama-antibiotics, kepha ngezinye izikhathi izinyathelo ezincane ezingezansi zanele. Konke kuncike ekutheni inkinga isheshe itholwe kanjani, futhi nokuthi umthelela wenyoni yezinto ezimbi ezenza ukuthi ukutheleleka kuqedwe.
Thola ukuthi yini okudingeka uyenze uma izinkukhu zakho zifakwe kabi.
Ukuhluleka kwamahomoni
Esinye isizathu esingahle sokunciphisa ubukhulu bamaqanda enkukhu - ukwehluleka kwamahomoni. Ngenhlanhla, akwenzeki kakhulu. Njengokwenyama yomzimba wangaphandle, ngaphezu kokuguqulwa ngobukhulu bamaqanda, bangase bangabi nalesi sikhupha, nakuba lesi sibonakaliso singavunyelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni ezinjalo, inkukhu, ngokuphambene, ingafaka amaqanda ngezikhupha ezimbili noma ngaphezulu (izinkukhu zazo ngokuvamile azihlanzi). Esinye isibonakaliso sokungalingani kwamangqamuzana amaqanda ngaphandle kwegobolondo.
Kubalulekile! Ukungaphumeleli kwe-hormonal kungenzeka ngenxa yokucindezeleka, ukuphazamiseka kwe-ovulation, kanye nomphumela wokusebenza okungalungile kwezitho ezithile noma izinhlelo. Yingakho, njengokungathi ukuvuvukala kwe-oviduct, kubalulekile ukuzama ukuqonda umsuka wenkinga, ukuze ungaphatheli umphumela esikhundleni salesi sizathu.
Ukuzimela ngokuzimela ukuthi ukuxilongwa kulesi simo ngeke kusebenze, ukuhlolwa okujulile kuyadingeka, ikakhulukazi ngoba ukwelashwa okufanele kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi yimaphi ama-hormone akhiqizwa ngumzimba ngokwanele noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokwemali engaphezulu, futhi ngalesi sizathu, unquma ukwelashwa. 
Ukuvimbela
Uma silahla imibuzo ehlobene nobudala kanye nokubeletha, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugaya okungavamile kwamaqanda emigqeni kwanele ukugcina le mibandela elandelayo:
- ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla akufanele kube ngaphezu kwamakholori, kanti inyoni kufanele ithole i-calcium eyanele kanye nobunzima bamavithamini (A, C, E, D, kanye neqembu B); imifino emisha kanye nokushisa kumele kube khona ekudleni (imifino eqoshiwe, okusanhlamvu kanye neziphuzo - amanzi noma ubisi omuncu);
- ukukhanyisa: Inani lokukhanya enkhukhu yenkukhu lithinta ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, abalimi abanolwazi abanolwazi abanokuqiniseka ukuthi ilanga alishintshi indlu nhlobo, ngakho ukukhanya okukhulu kungalungiswa ngendlela oyithandayo. Ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo kuyisibopho sokubeka izinkukhu noma kunjalo, ngoba sifuna ukubona ubusika unyaka wonke, hhayi nje entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ngokulawulwa kahle kwelanga, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kunganda ngamaphesenti angama-20, ngaleyo njongo kuphakanyiswa ukuhlela ukukhanya endlini yezinkukhu amahora ayishumi ngosuku noma kancane kancane ekuqaleni kokubeka, bese njalo ngesonto ukwandisa isikhathi sokukhanyisa ngekota yesigamu. Ngakho izinkukhu zizokwenza "umuzwa wentwasahlobo", ngakho-ke, umzimba uzothola umyalo wokuzala. Uma i-salpingitis itholakale enkukhu, ubude bosuku phakathi nesikhathi sokwelashwa kufanele kunciphise amahora ayisishiyagalolunye;
Kubalulekile! Kuqaphele ukuthi uma kulwa impi yenkukhu noma ukuqhuma, ukunciphisa kancane ukukhanya kokukhanya kunganciphisa inyoni (kubonakala futhi ukuthi izibani eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zinomthelela othize wokudambisa). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngosuku lwemvelo alithatha indawo ngokungazelelwe ngalolo suku, ngakho-ke kudingeka uzame ukugwema ukuvala ngokuzumayo futhi, nokunye, vula ukukhanya - lokhu kungabangela ukucindezeleka ezinsizeni, nokuthi yini ehlangene, esho ngenhla.
- isimo sokushisa: Ukushisa okuhle kwezinkukhu kusuka ku-+5 kuya ku-+18 ° ะก; Kokubili ukushisa okubandayo nokushisa kungabangela ukucindezeleka noma ukugula (uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka -38 ° C, ungalahlekelwa kalula yonke imfuyo; lokhu kuyinhloko ebalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi okuqukethwe kwezinkukhu kusho ukuhamba emoyeni fresh - kulokhu, udinga ukuhlinzeka umcibisholo ukuze inyoni ingekho ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo). Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi awekho ama-drafts ekamelweni;
- umoya umswakama: izimo ezihle zenyoni ziphakathi kuka 60-70%; Ukuze umswakama ngokweqile ngamagesi anobuthi ashiye isakhiwo, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka uhlelo lokuphuza umoya;
- ukuhlanzeka: i-litter eyomile, ukususwa okwesikhashana kwezinsalela zokudla kanye nezinye izidingo zokuhlanzeka yisimiso esiqinisekisiwe sezempilo yenkukhu, ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela kwezifo ezihilela ukwehliswa kwamaqanda.
Ukufingqa Uma, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, umuntu omdala kanye nenkukhu enempilo ebeka iqanda elincanyana kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu nhlobo, lokhu akusona isizathu sokuzwakala i-alamu, kodwa kusadingeka ukubukeka ngokuseduze kwalolu daba. Kodwa uma amacala anjalo eqhubeka, qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka.
Kodwa-ke, eziningi zezimbangela zalenkinga ziqedwa yizo ngokwazo, uma senza izimo ezifanele endlini yethu (izinga lokushisa, ukukhanyisa, ukuhlanzeka) nokunikeza izinkukhu ukudla okunomsoco.
