Ama-Daffodils ayizimbali ezithandwayo kakhulu ekulimeni kwezwe lethu (hhayi nje kuphela). Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo emhlabathini nasesimo sezulu, lezi zimbali zibizwa ngokuthi izitshalo zabavila. Bangakwazi ukutshala, ngezinye izikhathi baphuze, futhi bayothokozisa umkhosi ngephunga elimnandi lezinyosi nsuku zonke. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngendlela yokutshala ama-daffodils ngaphambi kobusika, ukutshala ngendlela efanele emkhakheni ovulekile, ukukhetha indawo efanele yokutshala, nendlela yokuphatha kahle umuthi omdala.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala?
Imigomo yokutshala lolu hlobo lwezimbali ekwindla zingahluka ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezwe lethu. Ochwepheshe batusa ukutshala ama-daffodils ngesikhathi isilinganiso sokushisa nsuku zonke emhlabathini siphezulu + 8-10 ° C futhi sichitha izinsuku ezingu-10-14 kule mode. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nephakathi kweRussia, le nkathi iqala maphakathi no-September ngasekupheleni kuka-Septhemba, kepha ezindaweni eziseningizimu zingagcina kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba noma ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Iphuzu eliphelele ukuthi lezi zinsuku kufanele zihlonishwe, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-daffodils entwasahlobo angase angaqhakazi nhlobo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinye izimbali ezithandwa kakhulu: i-gladioli, iminduze, ama-tulips, ama-snowdrops, ama-crocuses, ama-dahlias, i-crocosmia.
Uma utshala ama-flower ngokushesha, angakhula ngokushesha futhi afakwe ngenxa yamaqhwa ekwindla kanye nobusika. I-anyanisi etshalwe ngesikhathi kufanele ibe nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa, kodwa ingxenye engenhla yembali ayifuni ukukhula kuze kube seqhwa kuqala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma utshala ama-daffodils, lapho izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi liphakeme kunalokhu kubonisiwe, kanti umswakama udlula isiqhelo ngezikhathi ezingu-1.5-2, ukufakwa kwezimpande zembali kungafa. Ukutshala isikhathi esilandelayo kuzoholela ekutheni entwasahlobo ama-daffodils azokhiqiza izimbali ezincane nezimbali eziphansi zezimbali. Kodwa uma usuphuzile isikhathi sokufika, ke uvale ngokucophelela ama-alitshalwe ukuze kungabi iqhwa ngesikhathi seqhwa ebusika.
Uyazi? ERoma lasendulo, ama-daffodils nezimbali eziphuzi babingelela abaqhawe abanqoba impi.
Ezinye izinhlobo zalezi zimbali zingasinda kalula amaqhwa aqinile ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala. Kodwa uma kungenzeka ebusika udinga ukufaka zonke izinhlobo zama-daffodils. Njengendawo yokuhlala, ungasebenzisa ama-fir amaqabunga, umquba, i-peat, amaqabunga omile, i-sawdust, njll. Akunconywa ukumboza izimbali ngokugubungula ngepulasitiki kanye nemikhiqizo yalo, njengoba uzobe ukhawulela ukufinyelela komoya esihlahleni. Uma ngabe ufisa, ama-bulb angahlanganiswa nezinto ezingezona eziboshwe zokuhlala.Izici zokufika
Ngokutshala ama-daffodils ekwindla, kudingeka ulandele ubuchwepheshe obuthile: tshala ama-bulb enhlabathini elungiselelwe, ubobe izimbobo zesayizi ethile bese uhlunga imbali ngezinto ezikhethekile. Sizokutshela ngalokhu konke ngezansi.
Ukukhetha indawo
Ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yokufika kuyisici esibalulekile. Ama-Daffodils (ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezinemiqhele e-orange kanye ne-pink) njengezindawo ezinomthunzi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo izimbali ziyokwehla ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokutshala ama-bulb udinga ukukhetha iveli, ivikelwe kusuka ezindaweni zokudweba. 
Abalimi bezitshalo baqaphele ukuthi ezindaweni lapho umoya ovuthiwe ungapheli khona, ama-daffodils aqhakaza isikhathi eside. Lezi zimbali zizozizwa kahle phakathi kwezihlahla eziningana eziqhamukayo, kodwa ukutshala kuzo ensimini enezitshalo nezitshalo eziningi alukhuthazwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-daffodils emthunzini ngeke ikwazi ukukhula ngendlela evamile, ngenxa yalokho iphunga layo liyogcwala kakhulu, futhi izimbali ngokwawo ziyokwehla ngesayizi.
Esinye isici esibalulekile lapho ukhetha indawo yilezi ezingaphansi komhlaba. Khetha indawo lapho izinga lamanzi elingaphansi komhlaba lingekho ngaphezu kwe-60 cm. Iziqephu ezihlala zikhukhula lapho iqhwa licibilika noma ngenkathi imvula enzima futhi ehlala isikhathi eside ayifanele ukutshala ama-bulb. Ezimweni ezinjalo, uhlelo lwempande yama-daffodils maduze luyobola ngenxa yobuningi bomhlaba okhunjini othanda umswakama ophezulu. 
Umhlabathi wama-daffodils
Uhlobo olufanele kakhulu lomhlabathi wokutshala ama-daffodils luhlobo lomhlabathi loamy. I-acidity yayo kufanele ihluke phakathi kuka-6-7.5 Ph. Umhlabathi we-Sandy uzoba ongakulungele ukukhula okujwayelekile nokutshala izimbali. Ekuqaleni, i-daffodils izonikeza izimbali ezinkulu ngephunga elimnandi ngenxa ye-macro-microelements eyayiqoqwe ngaphambili.
Esikhathini esizayo, lesi sitshalo singayeka ukuqhakaza ngokuphelele, i-bulb izokwehla ngosayizi, futhi kwezinye izimo lolu hlobo lomhlabathi lungabangela ngisho nokufa kwembali. Kodwa uma inhlabathi engadini yakho ishintshaniswa ukukhula okujwayelekile kwezimbali ezihlukahlukene, izinkinga akufanele ziphakame. 
Ngaphambi kokutshala, indawo kufanele isuswe: thatha wonke amatshe amancane namakhulu, ama-debris, izimpande zezihlahla nezihlahla, njll. Uma unomhlabathi osindayo wobumba esiqhingini sakho, khona-ke udinga ukwengeza isihlabathi esincane (20 kg / m²). Uma inhlabathi ingumhlabathi owodwa kuphela, ubumba obunama-peat noma ama-humus bengezwa kuwo ngokulingana okufanayo.
Kubalulekile ukuletha noma yikuphi uhlobo lomanyolo izinyanga 2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuqondile kwe-bulb, futhi umquba omusha kufanele usetshenziswe unyaka wonke ngaphambi kokutshala. Kungcono ukutshala isayithi lokutshala ekuqaleni kokusa kwehlobo (kuye ngokuthi iyiphi indawo yezulu ohlala kuyo nalapho usitshala). Umquba noma i-humus esetshenzisiwe isetshenziswa ngesilinganiso esingu-15-20 kg kumitha ngayinye yekwele. 
Kubalulekile! Ukuletha umquba omusha ngqo ngaphambi kokutshala akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Iqukethe ezinye izinto ezingashisa ama-young.Ama-Daffodils, njengamanye amaningi ezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali, adinga ukufaka umanyolo ngama-fertilizer. Ngonyaka wokuqala, isitshalo sabo ngeke sisetshenziswe, ngoba sesivele senele inani elidingekayo lalezi zinto. Uma uzohlwanyela ama-narcissus ekwindla, khona-ke ungakwazi ukutshala inhlabathi ewazungezile nge-macro- kanye ne-microelements emva kwezinyanga ezingu-4-6, lapho isitshalo sinika izimbali zokuqala. Ngemuva kwesigaba sokuqhakaza, ama-bulbu azodinga ukugcwaliswa ngamaminerali.
Uma kunokwenzeka, yenza ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi ku-laboratory ekhethekile. Uma kungenjalo, ngeke nje ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi amaminerali nokuthi izimbali zakho zidinga kangakanani. Izinkomba eziyinhloko ekuhlaziyweni kukhona ukutholakala kwe-potassium, i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus emhlabathini (izinto ezingenazo izidakamizwa ezingakwazi ukukhiqiza izimbali ezinkulu nezakhayo). Izakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ama-daffodils adinga ngokukhethekile yi-phosphorus ne-potassium. 
Owokuqala unesibopho sokuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwe-bulb nezinqubo zezimbali (usayizi nephunga lembali). I-Potassium iyasiza imbali ukuba ikhiqize inani elivamile le-starch ne-sucrose. Kumele uqaphele nge-nitrogen: emithonjeni evamile, ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezicubu zezitshalo, ngenxa yokuthi imbali iba yikhulu ngobukhulu, kodwa uma ungeza kakhulu i-nitrogen, ingabhubhisa isitshalo.
Ukuhlaziywa komhlabathi kuzonikeza amaqiniso acacile mayelana nokuba khona kwesinye noma esinye isici emhlabathini, futhi idatha etholakalayo ingasuswa uma usebenzisa umanyolo. Izinqubo zingacatshangwa: i-potassium sulfate (30 mg / m²), superphosphate (60 mg / m²), i-ammonium nitrate, esetshenziselwa ukutshala (10-15 g / m²). Uma uthola ngokweqile kwezinto ezithile enhlabathini yakho, izinga lomanyolo kufanele linciphise, uma kukhona ukungabi khona noma ukungabikho kwalo, izinga kufanele liphindwe kabili noma kathathu. Kunoma yikuphi, cela iseluleko somchwepheshe ozokwenza ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi yakho. 
Uma ungenalo ithuba lokuhlaziya inhlabathi, ungenza ukukhohlisa okulandelayo: susa u-30-40 cm we-topsoil uphinde uyishintshe ngengxube ethengiwe, lapho zonke izinto zamaminerali sezivele zikhona ngobuningi obukhulu.
Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala ama-daffodils ekwindla
Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-daffodils kudingeka ahlanzwe kusukela esikhumbeni esidala (susa kuphela isendlalelo esiphezulu, kodwa ungahlanzi konke kuze kufike esikalini esimhlophe). Ama-bulb angaba angashadile neqembu, udinga kuphela ukuhlukanisa labo abangagxiliwe komunye nomunye. Ama-bulb amaqembu amancane atshalwe ndawonye, ngakho-ke ukwandisa amathuba okusinda imbali ebusika. Emva kwakho konke, uma ubahlukanisa, uzophula ubuqotho futhi uphule izikali zokugcina ezimhlophe, ngaphandle kokuthi imbali izofa maduzane.
Uyazi? Izithombe zama-daffodils ezimbali zezimbali zingatholakala ezindongeni zasePompeii lasendulo.Uma utshala, kufanele ulandele lo mthetho: ukujula kwe-fossa kumele kube kathathu ukuphakama kwe-bulb. Ngamababu amakhulu, izimbiza kufanele ziqhutshwe ngama-15-25 cm ejulile, ama-amancane amancane namaqoqo, izimbiza kufanele zibhekwe kancane, kodwa ezincane (cishe ngo-10-15 cm). Abanini bezandla bavame ukusebenzisa inkohliso efanayo, okuvumela ukuba ulawule ukuvuna nokukhiqizwa kwama-bulbs.
Uma imbali itshalwe kancane kancane kunezimo ezibonisiwe, khona-ke iyoqhakaza ngokubambezeleka futhi izokwanda kancane. Uma wenza ukutshala komhlaba (ukujula kwezimbobo ezingu-7-12 cm), khona-ke ama-bulbhu azophindaphinda futhi aqhube masinyane. Indlela yesibili yokutshala ama-daffodils yenziwa kahle ezindaweni eziseningizimu zezwe lethu, lapho kungekho khona iqhwa eliqinile lasebusika. Uma uhlala ezindaweni ezingasenyakatho, kodwa ufuna ukubona ukukhanya kokuqala kwama-daffodils, khona-ke udinga ukunakekelwa kokukhishwa kwekhwalithi kwama-bulb ebusika.Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukunquma ukuthi uzokukhuphula ama-daffodils. Uma udinga iphunga lezimbali ze-narcissus njalo entwasahlobo futhi ungabe usaba khona, ungakwazi ukutshala ama-large amakhulu emigodini ephakathi, ukwenze ekwindla (ngo-September-Okthoba). 
Uma umgomo wakho ukutshalwa kwezimbali ngenhloso yokuthengiswa okuqhubekayo kwama-bulb, bese ukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa ama-bulbu kufanele abe amancane futhi aqoqwe, ngoba kulokhu inqubo yokukhiqiza izokwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu.
Uma utshala, faka ama-down phansi. Uma ubabeka ngokuphambene nalokho, baqhubeka behluma, kodwa izimbali zembali zizophikisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sizodla amandla amaningi ukuze siphume emhlabathini, futhi ngenxa yalokho izimbali ziyoba ezincane ngobukhulu, futhi inani labo lizokwehla ngezikhathi ezingu-1.5-2. Uma utshala, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga elithile phakathi kwama-bulb: phakathi kwezinto ezinkulu - 15-20 cm, phakathi kweqembu elincane - 7-11 cm. 
Isici esikhethekile sama-daffodils ukuthi ama-bulbs namaqabunga abo aqukethe izinto ezinobuthi, izinambuzane ezincane (izigaxa, ama-slugs, njll) azilimazi lezi zitshalo. Abalimi bezitshalo bavame ukutshala ama-daffodils eduze kwe-tulips, iminduze, i-grouse nezinye izimbali njengendlela yokuvimbela izinambuzane.
Ukunakekelwa kwembali emva kokutshala
Akusekho isidingo sokusebenzisa noma imuphi umanyolo ekwindla emva kokutshala. Kufanele wenze lokhu ngaphambi kokutshala, futhi zonke izinto zamaminerali nezidakamizwa zizohlala zingenani kuze kube ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha umswakama womhlabathi, okuthinta ngokuqondile ukukhula kwe-bulb. Ngosuku olumile lwekwindla, ama-daffodils kufanele aphuze njalo, kodwa kuphela kuze kufike izinga lokushisa lomoya ngaphansi kwe-5-7 ° C. 
Uma ikwindla idonsa, kunemvula enkulu, izimbali kufanele zihlanganiswe nefilimu ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhuphuka ngokweqile kwenhlabathi, okuzoholela ekufeni kwe-bulb. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukhulule njalo umhlabathi ozungezile izitshalo ukuze ususe i-crust evimbela ukungena kwamanzi namanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ama-daffodils angakhula endaweni eyodwa engabi ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-bulb abo kufanele ahlukaniswe futhi afakwe kabusha.Ama-Daffodils atshalwe ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zezwe lethu adinga indawo yokukhosela ebusika. Lokhu kungcono kakhulu kwenziwa ngokuhlanganisa i-mulching. Kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, umhlaba udinga ukukhululwa futhi uphuze kancane. Ubuningi bomuncwaba kufanele bube ngu-10-15 cm ubukhulu. Amaqabunga, amaqabunga, i-peat, i-sawdust, njll inhle kakhulu njenge-mulch. Uma esifundeni sakho kukhona ama-frost aqinile kanye nobusika obomile obungenaqhwa, kungcono ukumboza ama-daffodils ne-lutrasil noma i-spunbond.
Futhi ekugcineni, ngingathanda ukuphawula ukuthi ama-daffodils angenye yezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingenakuzithoba, eziphakathi kwezinye izinto, ezifana nabalimi abaningi. Izimbali zazo ezinhle nezakhayo zihlobisa izivande zabantu abaningi. Ama-daffodils ezitshalo nawe, ubheke ubuchwepheshe obufanele bokutshala, ugeze umhlabathi futhi ujabulele izimbali zonke izintwasahlobo.
