Abalimi nabalimi bebelokhu befuna izindlela zokwandisa isivuno, ngoba ukusebenzisa imifino ephilayo kuyabiza kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuyithola. Amaminerali amaminerali ayengabizi, anika isivuno esikhulu, kodwa emva kwesikhathi abanikazi bezakhiwo bayaqaphela ukuthi inhlabathi iyawohloka: kuba lula, kunzima, kunesihlabathi futhi akugcini ndawonye. Izitshalo nazo zikhula kancane, ziqala ukukhula zimbi nakakhulu. Isixazululo esinengqondo kulezi zinkinga ukubeka imigodi yamakhemikhali ezindaweni zabo. Umquba ugcine izindleko zokunisela nokuqoqwa kwemfucuza, ukuthengwa kwemali eminingi. Futhi konke okudingayo ukuthumela imfucuza kusuka ekhishini nasadini engenaweni yomquba.
Kuyini umquba
Umquba umxube wezinto eziphilayo eziphilayo eziphilayo ezidiliziwe ngaphansi kwethonya lomsebenzi obalulekile wezincane ezincane. Umquba olungiselelwe kahle uzosindisa futhi uthuthukise ngisho nenhlabathi, uyokwenza ngokugcwele umanyolo kanye nethunki.
Kubalulekile! Ezitolo zezitolo, umkhiqizo "umquba," oyingxube yenhlabathi namaminerali, uvame ukutholakala. Akufanele kudidaniswe nomquba wensimu.
Ukusetshenziswa komgquba ezweni
Umquba ungasetshenziswa ngokuhlukile esizeni, konke kuxhomeke enjongweni oyidingayo. Umquba ungaba ovuthiwe futhi ungapheli. Ukuvuthwa - kusho ukungafani nokunyama, kunamakha amahle. Ku-compost engapheli kuyoba khona inkulu, hhayi izinhlayiya eziqhekekile ngokuphelele: ama-eggshell, izingcezu zamagatsha, iziqu zezimbali. Ibuye iphunga elibukhali. 
Uyazi? Kuyinto efiselekayo kakhulu futhi kudingekile ukwethula umquba kusuka emfenjini emikhulu ibe yindawo yobumba. Amafayili omude ngemuva kokuqhekeka emhlabathini uyoshiya amavesi aphansi kakhulu.Okokuqala, umquba ovuthiwe ungahlungwa engxenyeni engadini ukuze ususe izinto ezinobungozi noma udoti lomkhaya. Fafaza umquba ovuthiwe esakhiweni bese umba. Kufanelekile ukumba ngokucophelela, ngoba ngokuxuba kangcono umquba nomhlaba, ukulahlekelwa kwe-nitrogen kuyokwehla, umhlaba uzothatha amaminerali angcono kakhulu kanye nezakhi. Umquba womhlabathi ophansi ungasetshenziswa futhi phezu kwenhlabathi, ukugcina utshani kusayithi kuyindlela enhle kakhulu. Kumapulazi amakhulu, umquba ungasakazeka phezu kwenhlabathi evulekile futhi uxutshwe kahle nge-rake. Umquba wokunikezela kufanele wenziwe ngezilinganiso ezinjalo: 10-15 amamitha square. I-40-50 kg yamakhemikhali iyathululelwa phezu kwesiqephu, lokhu kuwu-6-9 amabhakede enomthamo wama-10 amalitha.
Umquba ongapheli usetshenziswa ikakhulukazi balimi nabalimi. Kuyadingeka ukukhulula inhlabathi futhi kube ukudla okuhle kakhulu kwezimpethu, isikhunta, ama-microorganisms ahlala enhlabathini. Kuyinto umanyolo eside eside, isekela umsebenzi inhlabathi futhi ukondla izitshalo ekhula kulo lonke ngenkathi. Lolu hlobo lomquba lubonakala ngokumba ngomhlabathi, noma lungahlanganiswa nomhlabathi futhi lubeke le nhlanganisela emithonjeni yokutshala. Khona-ke sizobona indlela yokwenza umquba ekhaya.
Indlela yokwenza umquba ngezandla zakho
Ukuvuna umquba we-dacha kungcono ekugcineni komquba. Udinga ukubeka ibhokisi lomquba endaweni enhle ye-cottager: engadini engadini yekhishi, ngemuva kwezakhiwo zokwakhiwa, kulezo zindawo lapho zingeke ziphazamise ukubukeka kwesakhiwo. 
Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlola ukuthi amanzi ageleza nini emvula ukuze, ephuma emgodini womquba, angangeni emithonjeni.Kungcono ukugqekeza ibhokisi elibanzi elinodonga oluvulekile ngaphandle kwamapulangwe, noma umane umbe imbobo. Izinto eziwusizo ezizowela emgodini kufanele zithole inani elanele le-oksijeni, ngakho-ke akufanele ulifake kakhulu, ngoba inqubo yokupheka izothatha isikhathi eside
Indlela esheshayo
Ukuze wenze umquba uhlinzeke ngokushesha, udinga ukulungisa izimo zokugaya iziqu zomquba ezilungiselelwe njenge:
- Ukungeza ama-feed ahlanzekile aqukethe i-nitrogen. Lokhu kungaba yinto eluhlaza equkethe inqwaba yomswakama: udoti wekhishi, utshani obunamanzi, ukhula, iziqongo.
- Ukwengeza izinto ezimbi ezomile eziqukethe i-carbon. Amagatsha asomile wezihlahla nezitshalo zomsebenzi, ifani, utshani, amagxolo, amaqabunga owomile, umlotha, iphepha - izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinomuthi ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo.
- Ukwengeza izinto ezisheshisa ukuvuthwa komquba. Ama-microorganisms asebenzayo asetshenziswa njengama-accelerator ama-compost. Lezi zingaba yimvubelo, isikhunta, amabhaktheriya we-lactic, kanye nezithombe zokuthwebula izithombe. Ukuvuthwa komgquba nakho kungasheshisa nge-humus evamile. Kuthengiswa ngesimo esiphelele emasakeni, kodwa kungcono futhi eshibhile ukuqonda indlela yokwenza kahle i-humus ekhaya. Ukuze senze lokhu, sidinga ukugcina umquba wezilwane ezifuywayo emgodini noma emgodini, ukumboza ngezinto zokuphahla noma izihlangu zokhuni, ushiye indawo yokudlula emoyeni. Kuvunyelwe ukungena emanzini yemvula, kodwa into eyinhloko ukuthi amanzi akagezi njalo. Uma wenze konke ngokufanele, uhlala ulinde kuze kube yinto egelezayo, ehambisanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-humus ilungile. Kuvame ukuvuthwa kungakapheli unyaka owodwa.
- Ukugcina umswakama ohlala njalo wenhlanganisela ye-compost nokuqinisekisa ukusabalalisa okufanako kokushisa ekwenzeni umquba we-composting.
Uyazi? Njengengcebo eluhlaza, izitshalo zomquba ohlaza ziyakhula ngokukhethekile: i-alfalfa, i-clover, i-legumes, i-sainfoin. Iqukethe inani elengeziwe le-nitrogen.Kudingekile ukwengeza izinto ezintsha ezimile ezomile kanye nama-humus ahamba ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kuzonikeza ithuba lokusabalalisa ngokulinganayo emoyeni kulo lonke ingxube, okuzophazamisa ukuvuthwa okuyimpumelelo komanyolo futhi esikhathini esizayo kuyosinika umquba wokunene ovuthiwe.
Phakathi nenqwaba yokushisa ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa komquba kufinyelela ku-60-75 ° C Ukuze uqinisekise ukusabalalisa okufanako kokushisa kulo lonke isitolo, ungasebenzisa i-oliva, i-tarpaulin, amathipathi endala kanye nezicucu ze-linoleum ezigqamile kwisitolo somquba.
Kodwa akusikho konke. Ukuze wenze kahle umquba ezweni, udinga ukuyihlanganisa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngaleyo ndlela uhambisa umswakama nokufudumala kulo lonke lezinqwaba. Ngesikhathi esomile sonyaka singakwazi futhi kufanele siphuze, kodwa futhi sigweme ukuqhuma kwamanzi.
Uma kukhona iphunga elivuthayo eduze kwebhokisi lomquba, kusho ukuthi kune-ammonia amaningi futhi akwanele oksijini kulo, kufanele wengeze izinto ezimile ezomile. Ukuvuthwa komquba kumanyolo kuzothatha isikhathi kusuka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezingu-8 kuye ngokuthi izimo ezidalwa ukulungiselela. 
Indlela ephansi
Ukuqukwa komquba kungenziwa ngendlela encane. Le ndlela ilula kakhulu. Okokuqala, akudingeki siguqule okujulile, kodwa imbobo ebanzi ngokwanele. Umquba uzoba utshani, amagatsha, izinkuni ezibolile. Kulo mgodi, ungakwazi ukwengeza umquba omusha, ozokwenza ukuvuthwa kwenhlanganisela kuyoba i-humus, ukufaka okuhle kumanyolo. Konke lokhu kulayishwa emgodini bese kuncike ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi. Ukulungiselela ingxube enjalo kuyoba iminyaka engu-2-3.
Uma kusayithi kukhona izindawo ezingu-2-3 zomquba we-compost futhi uzigcwalise njalo njalo ngonyaka, bese ungakapheli iminyaka engu-2-3 ungathola imali edingekayo yokukhulelwa ngonyaka.
Yiziphi izingxenye ezingase zenziwe umquba?
Ukuze uthole ama-composting omuhle futhi okusheshayo, kufanele usebenzise:
utshani obunamanzi namaqabunga awile;- ukulala itiye ukuphuza kanye nezizathu zekhofi;
- imikhiqizo engakaze ithole ukwelashwa okushisa: amaqanda amaqanda, imifino, izithelo;
- amagatsha amancane nothuli;
- iphepha, izimpaphe, uboya, indwangu eyenziwe ngempahla yemvelo;
- utshani, i-sawdust, izihlahla zomuthi, izinhlanzi zembewu.
utshani obunamanzi namaqabunga awile;- amagatsha amafire nezithelo ezivuthiwe;
- izilwane zezilwane kanye nezinyoni zezinyoni.
Kubalulekile! Emazweni aseYurophu nase-United States ekwakhiweni kwamaphephandaba namaphoyinti amakhiwe angasebenzisi izithasiselo ezilimazayo nezinsimbi ezinzima. Uma kukhona ukungabaza ngekhwalithi yamaphoyinti, imikhiqizo enjalo ingcono ukungayifaki kumquba.
Yimuphi umquba ongeke ukwazi ukuwenza
Nokho, akuwona wonke imikhiqizo kanye nemfucuza engasetshenziswa ukwenza umquba.
Akunconywa ukuthi ungeze emgqonyeni we-compost:
- Imifino, amaqanda amaqanda nezithelo emva kokwelashwa kokushisa.
- Izitshalo ezigulayo.
- Utshalwe, uvuthwe, ukhula olumi njalo.
- Izitshalo emva kokusebenzisa ukwelashwa.
- Izinhlanzi zezidumbu kanye nabantu.
- Umlotha nomlotha ovela emanzini avuthayo nezinto ezingavamile.
- Izitshalo namaqanda nezibungu ezinambuzane eziyingozi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze umquba ophephile wezilwane ezidliwayo nabantu, udinga i-unit ekhethekile - indlu yangasese yangasese. Kulezi zinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zigcinwa impilo yokuphila kwamagciwane nezinambuzane.
Indlela yokunquma ukuthi umquba ukhule
Umquba ophelile kufanele ube mnyama omnyama, ungagcini, akufanele uqine zibe yizingxenye. Iphunga akufanele libukhali, esimweni esiphumelele kakhulu umquba othungayo wehlathi elimanzi emhlabeni.
Ukusebenzisa lezi zincomo, ungakwazi kalula ukwenza umquba ngokwakho futhi wenze inhlabathi esayithini yakho ibe yimbi kakhulu, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - inemvelo.
