Ngokuvamile amakhowe adliwayo afana nalawo anobuthi, futhi kungaba nzima ukuwahlukanisa ngisho nakumakhethi we-mushroom okhethiwe. Isibonelo, i-morels inezinombolo ezifana nemigqa, futhi zivame ukudideka, ukuqoqa ekhishini elilodwa. Sizokukhuluma ngokungafani kwama-morels nemigqa kulesi sihloko.
Okuvamile okungaphezulu: incazelo
Okuningi (Latin Morchella esculenta) i-mushroom evela ekilasini lama marsupials kanye nomndeni wegama elifanayo. Ngenye yamakhowe amakhulu emndenini. Ukuphakama kungafinyelela ku-6-20 cm. Isisindo - kufika ku-500 g.
I-albhamu ephilile, ngokuvamile i-egg-like, iphikisiwe (ephuma ku-fossa-cells), eyi-3 kuya ku-7 cm ububanzi, ububanzi buka-3-8. Ingafakwa ngemibala ehlukene: ophuzi, ompunga, obomvu, njll. Amalungu amadala anezigqoko ezimnyama. Imilenze inomumo wesibindi. It is tightly axhunyiwe cap. Ubude bayo buyi-3-9 cm, ubukhulu buyi-1.5-3 cm. Umbala womlenze we-mushroom omusha uhlanzekile, abantu abadala bakhuphuka, bakhilimu. Ngokubukeka kubonakala sengathi isigqoko se-morel nomlenze sinokulingana okufanayo.
Uyazi? Ngomnyaka we-1974, i-morel ezingeni lezomthetho yamenyezelwa i-mushroom esemthethweni ye-Minnesota (USA).
Esigabeni ukukhanya kwamakhowe. Inyama yayo inomusa, iyisibhakabhaka, igoqa kalula lapho ithintwa.
Ungamhlangabeza kulo lonke indawo enesimo seNyakatho yeNyakatho. Ngokuvamile likhula yedwa, ngokungajwayelekile liyakhula ngamaqembu. Ikhetha izindawo ezikhanyayo nenhlabathi evundile. Kungakhula emahlathini nasezindaweni ezinotshani, ezindaweni ezinesihlabathi, emasimini ezitshalo zemifino.
Ikhula kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMashi.
Amakhowe athandwa kakhulu futhi aphephile yizinhlobonhlobo. Zijwayeze ngezindlela zokulima ukutshala kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuzihlakulela ekhaya.
Okungaphezulu kakhulu izinhlobo ezivamile:
- ezidliwayo (ezivamile) - Morchella esculenta;
- i-conic - i-Morchella conica;
- elide - Morchella elata;
- i-steppe - i-Morchella steppicola.
I-giant morel iyona efana kakhulu nemigqa.
Funda ngezakhiwo eziwusizo ze-honey agaric, kanye nendlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kweziqu ezidliwayo nezingenakulinganiswa.
Kudla noma cha
Uma unesithakazelo kulowo mbuzo, amakhowe amaningi - ayidla noma cha, ke kungadliwaIt has ukunambitheka okumnandi futhi cishe akukho iphunga. Uphatha amakhowe adle ngokwanele angena esigabeni sesithathu. Iqukethe i-hydrozin, isisindo esiyingozi, ezindaweni ezincane.
Kungadliwa emva kokubilisa okungenani imizuzu engu-10-15 noma kumiswe. 
Funda futhi ngezinhlobo ezidliwayo nezinobuhlungu emndenini we-syrrozhkah wamakhowe.
Yeka ukuthi ungadideli morels ngemigqa
Lawa amakhowe amabili afana kakhulu, futhi kulula ukudideka. Okwamanje, ukudla okuluhlaza kungabulala, njengoba kubulala. amakhowe anobuthiequkethe i-toxin eqinile - i-gyromitrin. Ubuningi bayo buyoxhomekeka endaweni yokukhula komugqa kanye nobudala bawo.
Ayikho imibono engacacile yokuthi ngabe i-mushroom edlalwayo noma ayiyisebenzisi yini emva kokupheka. Kukhona ukusikisela ukuthi akukho ukwelashwa okungasiza ukukhipha ubuthi emzimbeni. Kukholelwa ukuthi kungadliwa emva kokupheka.
Kubalulekile! Ukudla imigwaqo ethosiwe, kodwa hhayi ebilisiwe, noma umhluzi, lapho bephekwe khona, kungaholela enobuthi obunzima obuthinta isistimu yomphakathi, isibindi, isisu, kanye nomphumela obulalayo. Imigqa ephekwe kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha. Izinto abazitholayo, emva kokwelashwa kwemishanguzo kungaba i-carcinogenic.
Umzimba wesithelo salolu fungus ufana kakhulu nesakhiwo sobuchopho noma i-walnut. I-cap inesimo sokuzungeza okungavamile, ngobubanzi buka-2-10 cm. Konke kuhambisana ne-convolutions futhi kuxhunywe emaphethelweni anomlenze.
Bheka njengama-morels nokugxila emvelweni, ungabona esithombeni. 
Sikukwazisa ukuthi uzijwayeze ngezinhlobonhlobo zamakhowe ezidliwayo: volnushkami, izingulube nezinhlobo zazo, ama-chanterelles, i-mokhovikov, i-podgruzdkami.
Ake sizame ukubona ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwe-morels nemigqa:
- Uma ubheka kahle, ungabona ukuthi inhloko yowokuqala ivame ukulinganisa, futhi okwesibili ibonakala njengengqondo yomuntu.
- Ama-Morels avame ukuhamba kahle emhlabathini. Umlenze wabo uvulekile ngokuphelele. Umlenze emigqeni uya emhlabathini noma ehlathini. Kuyinto engabonakali.
- Uma ubheka lawa amakhowe amabili, omunye uthola umbono wokuthi owokuqala (morel) ubonakala elele phezulu (kokubili i-cap nomlenze kuhlangene), kanti okwesibini - ngokuphambene nalokho, emhlabathini: yi-squat, umlenze ububanzi futhi uqhubeka phansi.
- I-Morel maphakathi ingenalutho, umugqa ugcwala ukupaka kwamapulp.
- Ngokuvamile imigqa ingaphezulu kakhulu kune-morels.
- Ama-Morels anenani elimnandi le-mushroom elimnandi kunomlingani wabo onedible.
Kuzoba usizo ukuqala abaqoqi be-mushroom ukuze bafunde ukuthi i-mycelium ne-mycorrhiza ingubani.
Nini ukuqoqa ama-morels
Ngokuqondene nokuthi i-morels ikhula nini nokuthi kufanele iqoqwe, inqubo yokuqoqa ingaqaliswa kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Nakuba ngalesi sikhathi basengabonakali, futhi babengenanambitheka yama-mushroom. NgoMeyi kuphela, ziba namandla, ziphunga futhi zithandeka kakhulu.
Lapho ukuqoqa khona
Ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nalezi amakhowe:
- emahlathini (coniferous, mixed), emaphethelweni ehlathi kanye nasemigwaqweni, ezindaweni ezikhanyayo, ukuhlanzwa;
- emasimini;
- esakhiweni somlilo;
- emapaki amadolobha;
- emasimini.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo, izakhiwo ezizuzisayo nokuvuna kwamakhowe amhlophe.
Ingakhula enhlabathini enesitshalo enesihlabathi futhi enesihlabathi. 
Ukuzithola akulula, ngoba i-cap ngokuvamile ihlangana nombala wokhula omile ophuzi.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde mayelana nezinhlobo zamanzi asempumalanga (i-aspen, emnyama), izakhiwo ezizuzisa futhi eziyingozi zalawa amakhowe, kanye nezindlela zokuvuna ebusika.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha
Njengama-morels, futhi imigqa kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha futhi emva kokupheka kuphela. Ngokusola okuncane ukuthi uhlobo oluthile lwe-mushroom aluzange lubekwe esitokisini sakho somqoqo wamakhowe, kangcono ukuphonsa futhi ungalimazi impilo. 
Kubalulekile! Uma uthanda ukuqoqwa kwamakhowe, khona-ke kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi usebenze amalahle, usawoti noma lwesinaphi ukuze usize ngezimpawu zokuqala zobuthi, kanye nocingo lwefoni yokuphuthumayo.
Imigqa ebilisiwe kufanele yenziwe ngefasitela evulekile, ngoba ngesikhathi sokupheka ubuthi buzoqhuma. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ungafaki i-pair of broth abilayo. Ukupheka kufanele kwenzeke esitsheni esingavumelekile.
Ngokuvamile, phakathi kwezimpawu zokuqala zobuthi, kunezinyathelo ezidingekayo: ukuhlanza, uhudo, nobuhlungu besisu.
Zingenzeka ngezikhathi ezehlukene kuye ngokuthi i-fungus idliwe. Imigwaqo enobuthi ibonakala phakathi kwamahora angu-6-10 ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Qaphela futhi ungaqoqi amakhowe ongaziwa! Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhowe anobuthi (amakhowe kaSathane, i-toadstool ephuzile) yingozi kakhulu empilweni nasekuphileni!
Uma kwenzeka ubuthi obumnene nokubonwa kwezibonakaliso ezingenhla, umuntu kufanele enze ukuhlanza futhi, ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi ngesipuni sethuji sosawoti noma lwesinaphi esomile, geza isisu. Kungenzeka ukuvusa ukuhlanza ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi futhi ucindezela iminwe emibili engxenyeni yolimi. 
Emva kokugeza kufanele kuthathe amaphilisi i-activated carbon (eyodwa noma ezimbili izingcezu kilogram ngayinye yesisindo somuntu).
Uma ubuthi obubi buvela ngokulahlekelwa ulwazi, kuyadingeka ucingo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.
Amakhomikhali akufanele anikezwe izingane, ezidliwa ngumama abakhulelwe, abakhayo, abantu abanokubekezelelana kwabo ngabanye, labo abanezinkinga ngomsebenzi wesimiso senhliziyo.
Uyazi? Ama-akhawunti amaningi emazweni amaningi ayaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokudla kwawo. Kukhona amandla lapho amenyezelwa khona inkosi yamakhowe. EMelika, kukhona ngisho nomphakathi we-morels, futhi lapho kuyabiza kakhulu.
Indlela yokupheka ama-morels
Futhi ekugcineni, amazwi ambalwa mayelana nokulungisa ama-morels nokugxilisa amakhowe.
Ukugijima kokuqala kokubilisa amanzi anosawoti futhi ubilise okungenani imizuzu engu-15-20. Emva kwalokhu, umhluzi uthululwa, futhi amakhowe ahlanzwa ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo. Bese-ke bangaphekwa ngehora, bhaka, i-pickle, i-frozen, njll. Inqubo yokubilisa iyadingeka kuzo zonke izimo ngaphandle kokumiswa okuqhubekayo. Ungomisa ngaphandle kokubilisa. 
Kunezinhlobo zokupheka eziningi ezifaka okuningi. Lokhu kufaka hlangana ukungeza ama-noodle, i-porridge ye-buckwheat, i-risotto, i-saladi, nokugcoba kuhhavini emabhodini, bese uyisebenzisa njengokuzalisa ama-sausage, amaqebelengwane, amaphayi. Indawo kuphela lapho bengacelwa ukuthi basebenzise lawa amakhowe yizifundo zokuqala. Lapho balahlekelwa ukunambitheka nokuvutha.
Sikukwazisa ukuba ufunde nge-boletus, izakhiwo zabo ezizuzisayo nezindlela zokulungiselela.
Ukugxila kudinga ukupheka njalo. Ngaphambi kokupheka, kufanele bachotshozwe ngommese. Ngama-kilo amakhowe kuzodinga amalitha ayisithupha amanzi, nge-100 g - okungenani amalitha amabili. Emanzini abilayo udinga ukuthulula i-pinch ye-baking soda. Bese ubeka amakhowe lapho. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15-20, cwilisa amanzi, hlambulula amakhowe kahle. Kunconywa ukuthi ubilise futhi.
Ukwenza imigqa iphephile, idinga ukomiswa inyanga. Nge-evaporation of umswakama kanye neningi yezinto ezimbi. Ngeshwa, akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwama-morels angadliwayo emigqeni engatholakali, ngisho nokwazi izimpawu zabo. Uma ungabaza kancane, i-mushroom enhle inobuthi phambi kwakho, kungcono ukuyiqede ukuze ugweme imiphumela embi. Kunoma yikuphi, amakhowe aluhlaza okudla ayavunyelwe ngokuphelele.
