IHydrangea isitshalo esinezimbali zomdabu eziseNingizimu Asia naseNyakatho Melika. Lo mmeleli womndeni wakwaGortenziev walethwa eYurophu evela eChina ngo-1789 nguJoseph Banks futhi waba imbali yokuhlobisa ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi.
Incazelo
IHydrangea imvama kakhulu ukumelwa izihlahla zezihlahla ezingafinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Kukhona nemivini emikhulu ekwazi ukukhula ingafinyelela kumamitha angama-20, nezihlahla ezincane ezinezimpawu zesihlahla, njengokuqina okuqinile.
Izinhlobo eziningi ziyizitshalo eziqabulayo, kepha kukhona abamele okuhlala bekhule emaphethelweni aseningizimu.
Ama-Hydrangea blooms entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ekhipha ama-inflorescence amakhulu ayindilinga - panicles, scute nezinhlobo ezimbili zama-buds: amancane phakathi, amakhulu emaphethelweni. Amafomu e-dome akhanyayo, ahlala ngokunakekelwa okufanele kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo zinamaphara amhlophe qhwa, kepha ama-pink, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu nobubomvana nawo ayatholakala. Amaqabunga amise okwenhliziyo, aphakama kancane kuze kube sekupheleni, akhombe, agcwele umbala omnyama ngombala onemithambo evelele. Imiphetho yepuleti lamaqabunga yenziwe isitebele futhi ingaphezulu lendawo inzima. Izithelo yibhokisi eliqukethe imbewu eningi emnyama.
Ukwesaba, ukufana nesihlahla, i-hydrangea enkulu ne-oak-leaved
IHydrangea idume kakhulu phakathi kwabafuyi bezitshalo, ngakho-ke okwamanje izinhlobo eziningana nezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahlana sezivunyiwe.
| Buka | Incazelo | I-inflorescences | Izinhlobo |
| -Ngathi Sihlahla | Isihlahla esine-compact sifinyelela ku-300 cm. Iziqu ziqondile, ziqinile. Amaqabunga abanzi, ayindilinga, aluhlaza okotshani anemiphetho ye-serated nethiphu ekhonjisiwe, ehlisiwe kancane phansi. Uhlelo lwezimpande luthuthukiswe kahle, ngakho-ke ukusakazeka kokunambitheka kuwuphawu lwesitshalo. Lolu hlobo luvame ukusetshenziswa esakhiweni njengama-hedges. | Izimbali ezincane eziyi-1.5-2 cm ziqoqwa edome eliyindilinga phezulu kwesiqu. I-panicle ububanzi idonsa cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Ama-petals acwebezelayo, ama-ovate. Umbala umhlophe noma u-beige. | Umoya Ongabonakali, Sterilis, Annabel, Grandiflora. |
| Panicle | Isihlahla segatsha esikhula sifinyelele ku-10,000 cm endle noma esihlahleni somdwebo obude obungama-500 cm endaweni. Kusatshalaliswa eChina, Japan kanye naseningizimu yeSakhalin. Amacembe ahlukile, ellipsoidal, acishe abe ngu-12 cm, akhombe. Uhlelo lwezimpande alujule. Ngokuvamile kusakazwa ngokuhlelwa kwezakhiwo. Izinhlobo eziningi (ngokwesibonelo, Ezizodwa) ziyakwazi ukubekezelela iqhwa elibandayo: kufika ku-34 ° C. | Ukweqa, amasentimitha angama-20-25 Izimbali zezinhlobo ezimbili, ezincane - ezimhlophe noma ezimpunga; enkulu (kufika ku-2,5 cm) - inyumba, enamaphini ama-4 apinki, ama-beige. | IBrussels Lace, iDart's Dot, Limelig, Mathilda, Kyushu, Vanille Fraise, Unique. Esifundeni saseMoscow, izinhlobo ezihamba phambili kuzoba iBobo, iVanilla Frize, iPhantom, iLimelight, iPinky Winky, iDaruma, iWims Red. |
| Iqabunga elikhulu | Shrub cishe ama-400 cm amade, ovame ukutshala kumapaki nasezigcawini noma kusetshenziswe njengeplanethi yendlu. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakaze kancane, abe muncu, aluhlaza, luhlaza okotshani. Amagatsha awuthambile, agoba ngaphansi kwesisindo sama-inflorescences. Izimpande zakhelwe ngokwanele izitshalo zezitshalo. Ukumelana nesithwathwa esiphansi: kufika ku-18 ° С. | Ubunzima bokuqhakaza okuningi. Izihlangu mayelana nobubanzi be-10-15 cm. Izimbali zinkulu, 3 cm, maphakathi mhlophe qhwa qhwa, ngombala opinki emaphethelweni. | Ihlobo elingapheli, uRenata Steinger, uRomance, Express, uNikko Blue. |
| Dubolistnaya | Ifinyelela ku-300 cm ukuphakama, ukhipha izingongolo, zinwebekile, zilukhuni ezansi. Amaqabunga anesimo esibonakalayo esinemiphetho emikhulu ebaziweyo, okusikhumbuza i-oki, i-rough, eluhlaza ocebile. Akungasebenzi futhi ngisho nama-friza amancane angafa. Kusakazwa ngazo zonke izindlela, kufaka phakathi imbewu. | Ama-panicles amade anezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe 1.5-5 cm. Maphakathi, amaqhakaza athelayo ane-beige hue, onqenqemhlophe omhlophe ophethe i-pinkish tint. | UFloribunda, Pinki Pink, Tardiva, Rgaesokh. |
Ukutshala imbewu
Indlela elula elula futhi engabizi yokuzala, esetshenziswa, njengomthetho, ngabazalisi lapho bezalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha, kodwa iyenzeka ekhaya. Yize le ndlela ichitha isikhathi kakhulu.
- Lungisa isitsha noma iziqukathi ezihlukanisiwe ezinezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
- Lungisa i-substrate kusuka ku-peat, enhlabathini yeshidi nesihlabathi 2: 4: 1. Ungangeza into e-organic, ngokwesibonelo - humus, izinaliti, sawdust.
- Ukuhlwanyelwa kufanele kwenziwe ekwindla.
- Musa ukujula imbewu, kodwa mane ufafaza ungqimba oluncane lwenhlabathi ngaphezulu.
- Nyakazisa inhlabathi ngokuphelele. Kunconywa ukufafaza, hhayi amanzi, ukuze ungagezi imbewu.
- Mboza isitsha ngendwangu noma ngeglasi epulasitiki, okumele likhishwe kaningana ngosuku ukuze kungene umoya omncane.
- Beka iziqukathile endaweni enokhanya kahle, efudumele enamazinga okushisa we + 14 ... +22 ° С.
- Gxilisa umugqa omncane njengoba womile.
- Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, indawo yokukhosela kufanele isuswe.
- Ukuthathwa kwenziwa cishe izikhathi ezi-2: ngesikhathi sokukhulisa ama-loboty e-cotyledon nasentwasahlobo yokuqala.
- Kulokhu, i-hydrangea ingadluliselwa kumabhodwe ejwayelekile (cishe cm 7 cm).
- Isitshalo kumele siqine, sithathe ihlobo siye endaweni evulekile endaweni evikelwe ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nesimo sezulu esibi.
- Kusihlwa, amabhodwe adinga ukubuyiselwa.
- IHydrangea kufanele ikhule ekhaya iminyaka engaba mibili kuze kube yilapho isivuthiwe ngokuphelele.
- Ama-buds asafufusa kumele asuswe ngokucophelela ukuze angaphazamisi intuthuko.
Izithombo zeHydrangea
Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, izithombo zidinga ukutshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Kungcono ukwenza lo mcimbi entwasahlobo noma ekwindla ngaphambi kokuqala kweziqalo ezinzima. IHydrangea kufanele ibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, lapho kukhona khona ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ezinye izinhlobo (ngokwesibonelo, ezinjengomuthi) zingakhula ezindaweni ezinezithunzi. Ukunquma ukuthi isithombo sikulungele ukutshala silula: vele uqiniseke ukuthi kukhona amahlumela amaningana okuhluma namaqabunga anempilo esiqwini.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlola isitshalo ukuthola izifo, ngoba amahlahla athelelekile angasabalalisa lesi sifo kwezinye izitshalo. Izithombo ezibuthakathaka nokho zisengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yizimbungu. Uma izinambuzane zitholakala, isiqu namaqabunga kufanele kufafazwe ngama-insecticides. Ukuze uthole ukwakheka okugcwele, i-hydrangea encane kufanele ivundiswe ngamaminerali (phosphorus noma potash) ukugqoka okuphezulu entwasahlobo, bese ebusika kwehlise izinga lokushisa lomoya okungenani kuya ku-12 + +18 ° C.
Ukutshala kwe-hydrangea yangaphandle
Ukutshala iHydrangea esizeni akunzima, kepha kufanele ulandele inqubo ethile yokuqaliswa kwezinyathelo ezifanele:
- Okokuqala udinga ukhula ngokucophelela inhlabathi ukhula bese uyithukulula ukuze ikhululeke.
- Ukuqina kufanele kungathathi hlangothi.
- Umgodi wokufaka kufanele wembiwe ukuze ubude bezimpande zezikhathi ezimbili bube khona, ngokunikezwa inhlama yobumba.
- Phakathi kwezimbobo udinga ukushiya izikhala zokuhleleka kuka-100 cm.
- Eduze kwe-hydrangea, akunconywa ukubeka noma yiziphi izihlahla noma izihlahla ezinezimpande zangaphandle, ngaphandle kwalokho izakhamzimba zizosatshalaliswa ngokungalingani kanti kwesinye sezitshalo sizofa.
- Izinto eziphilayo kufanele zengezwe emgodini: i-peat, umquba, i-humus, umdwebo wezinkuni, izinaliti, umlotha kanye nomanyolo wezimbiwa.
- Nikeza ukugeleza phansi komgodi ngokubeka i-polystyrene, isitini noma i-egghell ephukile lapho.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukusula inhlabathi eyeqile kusuka kwisithombo bese ukala uhlelo lwezimpande.
- Faka phansi kancane emgodini, ngenkathi unyakazisa kahle i-hydrangea ukuze ugcwalise indawo.
- Phezulu futhi engeza umquba nomanyolo.
- Misa kahle amanzi bese uhlanganisa i-substrate.
- Mboza imbali yezimbali nge-mulch, izinaliti noma ngomlotha.
- Ngemuva kokutshala ngempumelelo isithombo, kufanele imbozwe elangeni izinsuku ezingama-2-3, ukuze isitshalo sithathe ngokushesha.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-hydrangea kwangaphandle
IHydrangea ifunelwa ukunakekelwa okufanele nokunakwa njalo kusuka kumlimi, yingakho imithetho ethile kufanele ilandelwe lapho ikhula.
| I-Factor | Isimo |
| Indawo / Isibani | Ama-flowerbeds ane-hydrangea kufanele abekwe engxenyeni eseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga yendawo, futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukufinyeleleka ngqo kwelanga. Ezinye izinhlobo zikhula kamnandi ngaphansi kombhede noma ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. I-hydrangea encane iyazwela kakhulu kokusalungiswa, imimoya enamandla nokushiswa kwezulu (amabanga, imvula), ngakho-ke kufanele imbozwe phansi phansi ngesimo sezulu esibi. |
| Inhlabathi | Akunasidingo sokutshala isihlahlana emhlabathini wobumba noma i-substrate ene-acidity ephezulu. Inhlabathi kumele ilungiswe, ihlolwe ngokuphelele futhi isuse ukhula olungafuneki kanye nezinqubo ezisele zezimpande zezinye izitshalo. Futhi, inhlabathi esegumbini lezimbali ingadidaniswa nesihlabathi, umlotha noma i-peat ukuthola ukondleka okuthe xaxa nokugcotshwa. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen kungathathi hlangothi, umbala wezimbali ze-hydrangea uzoba we-beige noma omhlophe, amahlumela aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka azoqhakaza emhlabathini one-asidi. |
| Ukunisela | Ukunyakaza nokufuna. Kuze kube amalitha angama-50 kabili ngesonto kuyinto evamile ye-hydrangea. Kodwa-ke, ukuchelela okuvama kakhulu nokuqina kwamanzi emhlabathini kungasibangela lesi sifo ngokubola noma ngesikhunta, ngakho-ke ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ubheke izinga lamanzi emhlabathini. Ukuntuleka komswakama kuboniswa ngokuphuzi nokufa kwamahlumela amancane, amaqabunga. |
| Umanyolo | Inani eliphansi lokugqoka ngu-2 (ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangemva). Esokuqala entwasahlobo, ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, isixazululo se-urea: 20 g ngebhakede elilodwa lamanzi agobhozayo. Isihlahla ngasinye esidala sidinga amabhakede cishe amathathu. Okwesibili kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuqhakaza, okungukuthi ngoSepthemba-Okthoba. Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi oqukethe izinto zamaminerali, ngokwesibonelo, i-nitrogenous noma i-phosphorous, zikufanelekela kahle lokhu. Ehlobo, ungondla futhi i-substrate nge-slurry, umquba noma i-humus. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukugqoka okuvama kakhulu kuthinta kabi i-hydrangeas: amagatsha angaphuka, ngenxa yama-inflorescence asindayo kakhulu. |
| Izihlahla | Chitha iminyaka engama-3-4 kuphela ngemuva kokutshala. Entwasahlobo yokuqala, ngaphambi kokuba amabhlogo avuleke futhi kumiswe amahlumela amasha, i-hydrangea enjengesihlahla inqunywa kuqala. Ukushiya ama-buds ama-3-4 esiqwini, bese kuthi izingxenye ezisusiwe zisetshenziswe njengezisiko zokuzala kabusha. Enye inhlobo - i-hydrangea esethukile - inqunywa okwesithathu, ngoba ibuyiselwa isikhathi eside futhi ihehe ngokwengeziwe ezimeni zemvelo. Ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu, kususwa kuphela zonke amahlumela ezi-4. Izihlahla akumele zenziwe maduze, lapho ihlumela selisanda kuqala ukwakha, uma kungenjalo isihlahla ngeke siphile, ukuthenwa sekwephuzile nakho kunomthelela ongemuhle: isitshalo siyaphela ujusi bese sifa. |
IHydrangea ngemuva kwezimbali
Ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yezimbali esebenzayo, imisebenzi eminingi yenziwa ukulungisa isihlahla ubusika:
- Izithombo ezitshalwe emabhodweni zilethwa egumbini lokufakelwa.
- Izihlahla esizeni zisikwa ngokucophelela, zisusa amagatsha omisiwe, amahlumela nama-inflorescence.
- Ngemuva kwalokho bafaka i-hydrate hydrangea kahle bese bemboza i-flowerbed nge-mulch ukuvikela uhlelo lwezimpande eziqandeni ezinzima.
- Lesi sihlahla simbozwe ngophahla noma ifilimu, futhi simboza inhlabathi nxazonke ngamahlamvu owomile kanye nobubanzi obukhulu bezinaliti.
Ezinye izinhlobo, ezinjenge-paniculata, zibekezelela kahle ubusika ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela eyengeziwe, noma kunjalo, ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibandayo nezinguquko ezingazelelwe zokushisa, ngokwesibonelo eSiberia, isihlahla kufanele sisanikezwe phansi. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, i-hydrangea efana nesihlahla inganqoba ubusika ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela.
Hydrangea ubusika
Mboza i-hydrangea ebusika ngokushesha nje kokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala, ngaphambi kuka-Okthoba. Uma isihlahla sisincane, kufanele simbozwe ngokuphelele ngenhlabathi eyomile. Izitshalo zabantu abadala kufanele zigxunyekwe kahle emhlabathini, zibekwe ngaphezulu kwophahla, i-lutrasil noma ifilimu epulasitiki elijwayelekile, elichoboza imiphetho. Uma i-hydrangea inkulu ngokwanele futhi ingenzeki ukugoba emhlabathini, khona-ke amahlumela kufanele aboshwe ndawonye, aboshwe nge-spanbondon, ukuvikela kusuka eqhweni. Eduze kwesihlahlana, kubalulekile ukubeka ifreyimu eyenziwe ngocingo noma ngensimbi ukuze ikhuphuke ngaphezu kwe-hydrangea okungenani ngo-10 cm. Igebe eliphakathi kwesihlahlana nohlaka kufanele ligcwaliswe ngamahlamvu omile, utshani, bese lungeza i-humus.
Ukwakhiwa okunjalo kuzonikeza ama-hydrangeas ubusika obufudumele futhi kuvikele izitshalo kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, inethi kufanele isuswe, phansi kususwe kuphela lapho kusungulwa isimo sezulu esifudumele. Ubusika obufanele buzothinta kahle ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kanye nokwakheka kwamahlumela amasha.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
Le ndlela inezinzuzo eziningi: okokuqala, okuqoqiwe kuqoqwa ngesikhathi sokuthena izitshalo, okusiza ukuguqulwa okwengeziwe kwe-hydrangea, futhi okwesibili, cishe konke ukusikwa kusuka ngokushesha futhi kuqale ukukhula.
- Kufanele ushiye okungenani izindawo ezingama-2 egatsheni ngalinye.
- Kubalulekile ukuthi ukusika okungenhla kufanele kwenziwe kuqonde kanye ne-oblique engezansi eyisisekelo.
- Ithangi kufanele lilungiselelwe kusengaphambili ngokwenza izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
- Ingxube yenhlabathi ingalungiswa ngokuzimela: hlanganisa i-peat, isihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi yendawo yonke.
- Gxila i-shank kungabi ngaphezu kwama-3-4 cm.
- Beka kahle amanzi bese uhlanganisa ingxenye engaphansi, i-sawdust, izinkuni zamagxolo noma izinaliti zingangezwa ngaphezulu.
- Ukusuka ngaphezulu, isitsha kufanele simbozwe ngophahla lwapulasitiki noma ngengilazi, sinikeze nge-hydrangea izimo zokugcina ukushisa.
- Inhlabathi kumele igcinwe ilwelwe njalo, kungcono ukufafaza kwibhodlela lokufafaza.
- Futhi, iziqukathi kufanele zingene umoya nsuku zonke futhi zibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, efudumele.
- Lapho ekugcineni uhlelo lwezimpande lwakhiwe, ukusikwa kungatshalwa esizeni.
- Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo, ukuze i-hydrangea encane ibe nesikhathi sokuvumelana nezimo futhi iqale ubusika.
