UCherry Zhukovskaya wacabangela ukuzalana okuvamile. Izinhlobonhlobo zinde kakhulu futhi zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni zokulima. Cherry Zhukovskaya, incazelo yezinto ezihlukahlukene nezithombe ezingezansi ezizohlinzekwa kamuva kulesi sihloko, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kunezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu. Ukukhiqiza kuhlale kugcwele, futhi asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa imizamo ekhethekile yokunakekela umuthi wesithelo. Yingakho abalimi bejabule ukukhulisa lesi sihlahla futhi basebenzise izithelo zokuvunwa kwonyaka, kanye nokulungiselela izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubhaka nama-dessert.
Incazelo
Umlando wale hybrid waqala emashumini eminyaka edlule. Waxoshwa esikhungweni se-All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of S.V. Zhukov no-E.N. Kharitonova. Ukuzalanisa kwenziwa nge-pollination futhi kwakusekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherries ze-Michurin. Kakade ngo-1947, ama-cherry e-Zhukovsky anconywa ukulima eM Middle Volga, iNizzhnevolzhsky, Central Central Earth kanye nasezindaweni eziphakathi zaseRussia. 
Izimpawu zaloluhlobo lwezihlahla zezithelo ziyizi:
- Lesi sihlahla sesivande siphakathi nendawo, ukuphakama kwayo kuvame ukuba ngu-2-3 m. Crohn iyindilinga, ihlumela ngokulinganayo futhi isakazeka. Amagatsha aphikisiwe kancane futhi agcwele amagxolo ombala obomvu obomvu. Amafihledi amancane, asho kancane futhi ngaphandle kwe-pubescence. Amaqabunga amancane futhi ahlangene, anezinyosi ezincane emaphethelweni. Ubuso bamaqabunga buhlaza futhi buncane kakhulu ngaphakathi, obufana nesikebhe.
- I-inflorescences ye-Zhukovskaya cherry yenziwa ngezimbali eziyisihlanu ezinkulu zombala omhlophe, ububanzi bayo buba ngu-3 cm. Izimpondo zezimbali zikhulu futhi zizungezile. I-Calyx ene-cone enemibala futhi eluhlaza.
- Ingxenye eyinhloko yezithelo ezivuthwa emagatsheni asezimbali, ingxenye encane yenziwa ekukhuleni konyaka odlule. Amajikijolo asayizi ngobukhulu obukhulu, enesisindo esivela ku-4 g kuya ku-7 g. Ukuma kwawo kuyi-oval: isisekelo esiyindilinga kanye nephuzu elixilisiwe. Umbala we-Cherry maroon. Ithefu labo likhulu kakhulu futhi lithatha cishe u-7.7% wengqikithi yenani le-fetus. Inyama ibhekene nesakhiwo sayo esinyene kanye ne-juiciness. Ukunambitha amajikijolo kunomuncu omnandi-amnandi, okufana nokufana ne-sweet cherry.
Izici zokukhula
Uma uhlela ukukhula lolu hlobo lwe-cherry esakhiweni sakho, kufanele wazi ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezizobe zilungele ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo nokukhiqizayo kwezinhlobonhlobo zeZhukovskaya.
Uyazi? Ngokwezibuyekezo, i-Zhukovskaya cherry ezihlukahlukene zingaphinde ziqhubeke nokuphila kwayo kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20, okuyi-15 lapho isihlahla sinezithelo eziningi.
Izimo zezulu
Umuthi uthanda ukushisa nokukhanya kwelanga. Ngakho qiniseka ukuthi uyitshala endaweni evulekile yelanga. Okukhethwa kukho kungaba indawo eduze nendlu noma igaraji. Kubalulekile futhi ukusabalalisa izihlahla kusayithi ukuze ubanikeze indawo yokukhula. Uma kunokwenzeka, ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe okungenani ngamamitha amathathu.
Hlola izinhlobo ezinjalo zama cherry njengeKharitonovskaya, UVladimirskaya, Shokoladnitsa, Black Large, uTurgenevskaya, Felt Cherry.
Umhlabathi ngezinkuni
Ukukhula okuhle kwalesi sihlahla sesithelo somhlabathi esifanelekayo se-loamy noma umhlabathi oyisihlabathi. Akunconywa ukutshala ezihlukahlukene emhlabathini wenhlabathi. I-acidity yomhlaba nayo ibalulekile. Kungcono uma isibonakaliso sisondele ekungathathi hlangothi.
Uma i-asidi esakhiweni isanda, ingabe ingasetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa imingcele. Izwe elinyathelisiwe likaZhukovskaya cherry alifanelekile noma. 
Uma kwenzeka ukuze amanzi asemanzini atholakale kakhulu eduze nomhlabathi, futhi akusekho isikhala sokutshala izithombo, khona-ke kufanele kubekwe uhlelo lokudonsa okusezingeni eliphezulu. Isayithi kumele ibe nesithambile kumaminerali nezakhi eziphilayo.
Uma izitshalo ezinjalo njenge-cherry ze-bird, i-linden, i-rowan, i-maple, i-legumes, ne-okusanhlamvu zikhula kahle endaweni lapho i-cherry ihlelwe khona ukuba itshalwe, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uhlaka olunjalo luzojabulela ukuhlukahluka kwe-Zhukovskaya cherry. Uyazi? I-Cherry ekubunjweni kwayo inenani elikhulu lama-coumarins. Lezi yizinto ezingasiza ekuthineni igazi nokubunjwa kwegazi. Kule ndaba, i-cherry iyasiza kakhulu kubantu abahlukunyezwa izifo ze-vascular and heart, futhi banengozi yezindwangu zegazi.
Ukutshala cherry Zhukovskaya
Ukutshala ama-cherries kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Okokuqala kudingeka ukhethe izithombo, bese uzihlwanyela kusayithi lakho, ulandela izincomo eziningana.
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo
Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuthenga izithombo kungcono ezindaweni zokuhlala. 
Uma kungenjalo kungenzeka, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukhethe ngokucophelela umthengisi ukuze ungathengi impahla yokutshala izinga eliphansi.
Kudingeka uthathe lezo zithombo ezikhule ezimweni ezikude nalabo ohlela ukuzozikhukhula esikhathini esizayo. Ikhophi enjalo izothatha izimpande ngokushesha futhi lula endaweni entsha, izoba nezimpande kalula, okusho ukuthi izoqhubeka iqine kakhulu ebusika.
Akufanele kube khona umonakalo owenziwe ngomshini ekuvuneni, akufanele kube khona ukukhula nokubunjwa kwezimo ezahlukene. Uhlelo lwempande kumele luhlungwe futhi luhlanzeke.
Izinto zokutshala izinga kufanele zihambisane nezinkomba ezilandelayo:
- ukuphakama cishe ngo-90-130 cm;
- ubude bomsuka kusuka ku-20 cm kuya ku-35 cm;
- ububanzi be-shtamb ka-10-15 cm
Isu nobuchwepheshe bokufika
Uhlelo oluhle lokutshala ama cherry Zhukovskaya ezihlukahlukene: 5x3 noma 5x2.5 m. Kungcono ukumba izimbobo kusengaphambili, ukuze inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala inesikhathi sokuphuza amanzi. Ukujula kwabo kumele kube ngu-50-60 cm.
Kubalulekile! Uma izimpande zomile noma igxolo lamagatsha kanye ne-trunk lilimazekile, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthenga imbewu enjalo.Ububanzi bufanayo. Kumele kubekwe ibhola elingaphezulu, elivundile kakhulu emhlabathini, izimila zamaminerali (i-potassium chloride, i-phosphate) kanye nezindaba eziphilayo (humus noma umquba obolile) kufanele futhi zengezwe. Uma inhlabathi ingobumba, ungagcwalisa inhlabathi encane.
Ukutshala kunconywa entwasahlobo, ngokushesha nje lapho umhlaba uphahlazeka, kodwa njalo ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo, ukuze amafihleji avuliwe. Uhlelo lomsuka ngaphambi kokutshala kudingeka lufinyelele usuku, lunezela ukukhula okukhuthazayo emanzini. 
Inqubo yokutshala izithombo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo kanje:
- Emgodini wokufika udinge ukwenza i-groove. Ukulinganisa kufanele kube okwanele ukuze izimpande zibekwe ngokukhululekile kuwo futhi ungagcini.
- Isikhonkwane sezinkuni sibekwa phakathi emgodini, ngosizo lomuthi omncane ongasungulwa kamuva.
- Insimu ye-cherry iyanconywa emthonjeni ukuze intamo impande ibe yi-5 cm ephakeme kunezinga lomhlabathi.
- Izimpande zihlanganiswa ngokucophelela ngomhlaba. Khona-ke umhlabathi uvala wonke umgodi. Umhlabathi kufanele ugxilwe ngokucophelela ngefosholo noma izinyawo ekuqondeni kusuka ekugcineni kuya esihlahleni. Akudingekile ukuba ucindezele kanzima ukugwema ukulimaza isithombo kanye nesimiso sezimpande.
- Imbobo kufanele yenziwe emkhakheni oseduze we-edge for irrigation.
- Khona-ke udinga amanzi amaningi ngesihlahla ngesilinganiso sama-30-40 amalitha amanzi ukuze kube nesithombo esisodwa. Uma, ngenxa yokunisela kanye ne-subsidence yomhlaba, izimpande zivele, kufanele zigcwale inhlanganisela yenhlabathi.
- Umgodi manje ungahlanganiswa nomhlaba ovulekile noma we-sawdust.
- Ekupheleni kwesithombo kufanele kuhlanganiswe ne-twine elithambile noma intambo emgqeni wezinkuni. Igoba ngokwayo linconywa ukuthi lizonqunywe ezingeni legatsha lokuqala lomuthi.
Ukunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo
Naphezu kokuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zama cherry azinakunakekelwa kakhulu ekunakekeleni, kusekhona izidingo ezidingekayo umgadi wensimu lapho ekhula izihlahla ezinjalo. Uyazi? I-Cherry ingaba nomuthi. Noma kunalokho ithambo lakhe. Iqukethe i-amygdalin, emzimbeni womuntu eguqulwa ibe yi-hydrocyanic acid. Ziyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni. Abantu abadala, eyodwa noma amabili amathambo ngeke alethe umonakalo.
Imisebenzi eyokuvumela ukuba ukhule isitshalo esinamandla futhi esinempilo sinezinga elihle lokutshala izihlahla, okubandakanya ikakhulukazi ekutsheni izihlahla, ukuchelela, ukukhulelwa ngesikhathi esifanele nokuvikelwa ezifweni.
Ukunisela nokudla
Ngenkathi, kufanele udle umuthi izikhathi ezine:
- ukuchelela kokuqala kwenzeka cishe ngesonto nengxenye ngaphambi kokuba umuthi uqale ukuqhakaza;
- ukuchelela kwesibili - emva kokuvela kwezimbali;
- umswakama wesithathu womhlabathi kufanele uhambisane nesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo;
- Ukuchelela okwesine - emva kokuvuna, kodwa kungakapheli u-Okthoba 17-20.
Unganisela umuthi ngezindlela ezimbili:- Thela amanzi emanzini. Okokuqala, lezi zintaba kudingeka zidume. Kumele kubekwe eceleni kwe-50 cm emthini - owokuqala, nangemva kokunye 50 cm - okwesibili. Amanzi athululelwa emiphongolweni enjalo, futhi uma ingena emhlabathini, inhlabathi ihlanganiswe ne-sawdust, utshani, i-peat, noma ezinye izinto ezivela emvelweni.
- Indlela yesibili idonsa ukuchelela. Kudingekile ukubeka nxazonke tape ye-trunk endaweni yokuvunguza. Phakathi kwe-diameter encane nekhudlwana, ibanga elingama-30 cm kufanele ligcinwe. I-Dropper isikhala - 20-30 cm. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, kuyokwazi ukumboza indawo yonke uhlelo lwempande.
- Ngentwasahlobo, isihlahla sidinga ukugqoka okwedlulele phakathi nenkathi yezimbali futhi ngokushesha ngemva kwalo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, udinga ukwenza isisombululo se-nitrate, okumele sihlanjululwe kuqala emanzini, sibone isilinganiso se-1:50. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-hydrated lime (thatha ama-200 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi). Ngemuva kokuba umuthi usuqedile ukukhula, ungafaka umthamo wempande ye-nitroammofoski (1: 200). Ukubunjwa ngalunye kuzodliwa cishe amalitha angu-30 ngaphansi komuthi owodwa.
- Umanyolo wehlobo ugcinwa engxenyeni yesibili kaJuni. Kudingekile ukuqhuba ukudla okunomsoco, ukufafaza isihlahla ngesisombululo se-2% se-magnesium sulphate.
- Ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaSeptemba, i-cherry Zhukovskaya kufanele ifakwe ingxube equkethe ama-20 g we-potassium chloride, 40 g we-superphosphate ema-granules nama-10 amalitha amanzi. Lesi sombululo sanele imitha eyodwa yendawo yomhlaba.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Ukunakekela inhlabathi ezungeze i-trunk akuyona into ebalulekile kakhulu kunayo yokuphuza nokuphuza ngesikhathi esifanele. Kubalulekile ukugcina i-circle-stem circle ihlanzekile futhi ingavumeli ukhula nokhula lukhule khona, njengoba kuzovimbela isihlahla ukuba sondle ngokugcwele.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwenza eminyakeni yokuqala yokukhula kwesihlahla engadini. Ukhula lungavunwa kokubili ngesandla nangokugaya. Ama-pesticides asevele ashicilelwe eduze kwezihlahla ezivuthiwe.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-weeding inganakwa, khona-ke isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo kuyokwehla ngokushesha.
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
Ukutshala izihlahla ze-cherry kufanele kwenziwe ngezigaba eziningana.
Inqubo yokuqala iqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo. Kufanele kufushane cishe ingxenye eyodwa yesithathu. Ukuphakama kwe-trunk kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angama-40. Amasipha omuthi ngokwawo akhiwa kusukela kumagatsha amakhulu ayisithupha kuya ku-8, atholakala esilinganisweni esifanayo komunye nomunye emaceleni. 
Emthini waminyaka yonke, amagatsha amancane afinyelele ubude bama-20-40 cm akudingeki anqunywe. Uma ubude budlula u-50 cm, kuyadingeka ukuba unciphise ngesithathu. Kumele futhi ususe amahlumela ezimpandeni, unqume wonke amagatsha aphukile futhi awonakele.
Kwembulwa ubuqili be-cherry pruning entwasahlobo.Kusukela ngomnyaka wesihlanu wokuphila komuthi, ungaqala ukwakha umqhele. Amagatsha amahlumela adingeka ukuthi ancishiswe endaweni lapho amagatsha ahlangothini ekhula khona. Amahlumela amasha alula futhi anqothule imiqhele kufanele athunwe endaweni abaphuma ngayo egatsheni eliyinhloko. I-trunk ngokwayo kufanele ifinyelelwe ku-3-3.5 m.
Ukudubula kwekwindla - ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela. Futhi, amagatsha abathintekile nabomisiwe kumele asuswe, emva kwalokho kumele asuswe kusayithi bese ashiswa. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuba bathole abantu abayingozi. 
Uma nje njalo eminyakeni emithathu, kungenzeka ukuthi ufeze izihlahla ezibizwa ngokuthi i-anti-aging pruning. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe uma kwenzeka ukukhula kwamagatsha kungaphansi kuka-15 cm ngonyaka. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa amagatsha omzimba ngamanye amagatsha.
Kubalulekile! Ukususwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwenani elikhulu lamagatsha kungabangela i-cicatera, ngakho ukusika izihlahla kufanele kufezwe ngezigaba eziningana. Amanxeba, okwakhiwa ngenxa yokusikeka, kudingeka ukuphathwa nge-pitch pitch.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-hybrid imelana kakhulu ne-coccomycosis ne-calcium blotch. Kodwa, ngeshwa, uhlu lwezifo ezingasongela izihlahla zegadi alupheli lapho.
Hlola izifo eziyinhloko nezinambuzane zama cherry.Cabangela okuyinhloko, kanye nezindlela zokubhekana nazo nezindlela zokuvimbela:
- Monilial burn Lesi sifo singathinta izithelo, izimbali, ama-ovari, kanye nokukhula okuncane. Isifo esinjalo sibonakala ngesimo segreysi ezingxenyeni zomuthi, ezimbozwe ngamacilwana anezinhlamvu ze-fungal. Amahlumela abonakalisiwe akhipha igum, ngoba amagxolo aqala ukuphahlazeka, futhi izithelo zibola. Ukuphatha umuthi kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-HOM (40 g yomkhiqizo kuyodingeka ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi) I-Bordeaux fluid ingasetshenziswa futhi. Amagatsha agulayo ayodinga ukususwa nokubhujiswa. Isifo esinjalo singagwenywa ngokumba umhlabathi ekwindla, kanye nokuhlanza amaqabunga awile.
- Scab. Uphawu oluyinhloko yizindawo ezimnyama ezimboza amajikijolo. Amahlamvu aqala ukugoqa emipayipi futhi kancane kancane eyomile.
Uma kusenjalo izithelo ezingavuthiwe zihlukunyezwe ekunqothulweni, zizoyeka ukukhula. Ukuze ugweme inkinga enjalo, kuyadingeka ukuba uphefute uketshezi lwe-chlorine (amalitha angu-10 amanzi 40 g) noma ingxube yeBordeaux (1%) esihlahleni esiteji sokuhluma, emva kokutshala futhi emva kokuhluma.
- Ukugqwala. Amabala aluhlaza ngaphandle kwamahlamvu azoba uphawu.
Uma umuthi onjalo ungaphathwa, ngeke ubeke izithelo. Kudingeka ukusebenzisa i-oxychloride yethusi ngaphambi kokuzimbali futhi emva kokuqedwa kwayo. Ukuhlanza ngokucophelela nangokufika ngesikhathi kanye nokubhujiswa kwamaqabunga awile kuzosiza ukugwema lesi sifo.
- IGommozi. Lesi sifo singazibonakalisa ezihlahleni ezithintekile yi-fungus. Phezu kwe-trunk namagatsha kubonakala i-gum, okuzobe kulukhuni. Amanxeba adinga ukuphathwa nge-1% ye-sulfate yethusi.
Ukuze ugweme ukutholakala kwesifo, kufanele ugweme ukulimala komuthi esihlahleni. Izingxenye ezifanayo ngokufanayo zenziwa ingadi engadini.
- Klesterosporiosis. Amabala aluhlaza ahlanganiswe nomngcele obomvu ayibonakaliso ecacile yalesi sifo. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, i-leaf leaf ethintekile izoqala "ukuqubuka", okuzokwenza izimbobo emaqabunga. Amahlumela nawo ahlanganiswa nalolu hlobo lwezinti, ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlakaza ifomu kulezi zindawo futhi i-gum iqala ukubonisa.
Kuyadingeka, emva kokuba umuthi usuqedile ukuqhakaza, ukuwufafaza nge-chlorine dioxide yethusi noma ingxube yeBordeaux.
Izinambuzane zingase zibe yingozi kuZhukovskaya cherry izinhlobo:
- Aphid Wahlala esihlahleni, uqala ukondla ngotshani wamaqabunga, okwenza lokhu kuphelile. Kubalulekile ukuphatha izihlahla ngeNitrofen ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (30 g yokulungiselela kufanele kuthathwe ibhakede lamanzi).
Amaqabunga ahlanjululwe kufanele afakwe i-Karbofos (30 g ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi). Ukususa izifo kuzokusiza ukususa amahlumela ezimpande.
- I-Weevil. Lena yi-beetle edla izimbali ze-cherry namafihledi. Ngaphakathi kwamajikijolo, abesifazane bazokwazi ukubeka amaqanda, futhi izibungu zizobe zidla okuqukethwe kwamathambo.
Ekulweni ne-weevil, ukupuniza nge "Karbofos" kuzosiza esikhathini lapho izimbali zomuthi ziphela. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kunconywa ukuqhuba ekwindla ukukhulula kwenhlabathi nokugcina ubungcwele bomjikelezo womuthi.
- Mucus sawfly. I-disest infect the amaqabunga njengokungathi ilahla izingubo. Ngenxa yalokhu, amahlamvu abila. Uma nje izibungu ziphawulwa, kufanele ziphathwe ngokushesha neKarbofos.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
Zhukovskaya cherry inezinzuzo zombili nezinkinga:
- Inzuzo engafanelekiwe yi-isivuno esikhulu sezinhlobonhlobo, ngoba ngomuthi owodwa omdala ungathatha u-30 kg wezithelo zamanzi.
- Futhi isici esihle kakhulu ukuphikiswa ukuphazamiseka. Ngisho namajikijolo avuthiwe akwazi ukubamba amagatsha.
- Izithelo zinkulu, zinhle, zihlwabusayo futhi zinamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pulp ihlukaniswe kalula nasetheni.
Izinkinga:
- Ngokuqondene nokushiyeka, umuthi awuphikisi kakhulu emakhazeni. Ebusika, imifino ingavame ukuhlupheka, futhi izinkuni zingahle ziqhwa.
- Ukuzikhukhumeza. Ukubopha amajikijolo kudinga indawo eminye imithi yokuvuna.
- Amatshe. Ubukhulu bethambo bukhulu futhi bukwazi ukuthatha ubukhulu obukhulu bomntwana.
