Mattiola amabili - Isihlahla sonyaka, othandekayo kakhulu ngabalimi abaningi. Ukuphakama kwe-stem kungafinyelela ku-50 cm, amaqabunga aphezulu, ahlaza. Iphunga elimnandi lezimbali lincane kakhulu, liyinkimbinkimbi futhi liyamnandi, liqinisa ntambama. Phakathi nosuku, lesi sitshalo sivala izimbali zalo, futhi ebusuku sivula futhi. Kulabo abaye banquma ukuhlobisa insimu nge-mattiola amabili-amahomoni, kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngendlela yokutshala nokuzinakekela ngayo.
Uphi indawo enhle kakhulu ye-mattiola
Ngokutshala le mbali udinga ukukhetha indawo efanele, ngoba izinga lokukhanyisa kanye nekhwalithi yenhlabathi kuzothinta izinga lokukhula nentuthuko yesitshalo.
Ukukhanyisa ukukhula
Mattiola amabili-amahomoni ukukhanya okudinga kakhulu, Ngakho-ke, indawo yokufika kufanele ibe efanele. Ukumnyama okwesikhashana ngeke kuthinte isitshalo, kepha ukutshala ezindaweni ezimnyama kuyoduma isitshalo ukuze kube nezimbali ezincane nezibuthakathaka zeziqu. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi uMattiola angabi ngumoya onamandla. Kungcono ukutshala le mbali ebhedeni eduze ne-gazebos, amabhentshi noma ezinye izindawo zokuzilibazisa kuleli zwe.
I-Gloxinia, i-orchid, i-laurel, i-vanda, i-ficus kaBenjamin, i-aihrizone, i-kolery, i-begonia, i-adenium ne-coleus yizitshalo ezinothando, ngakho-ke zikhula kuphela ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezikhanyisiwe.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Ukuze izimbali ze-mattiol zikhule futhi zithuthuke ngokugcwele, kufanele zitshalwe enhlabathini enesihlabathi, ebhalisiwe noma e-loamy ye-acidity neutral. Akunconywa ukuhlwanyela isitshalo lapho kukhona khona izitshalo ezisemtholampilo ezikhulayo, ngoba zandisa amathuba okuthola isifo se-mattiola njenge-fungus ne-keel, ethinta uhlelo lwempande.
Kubalulekile! I-Mattiola-ama-horned amabili ayithandi umswakama obuningi emhlabathini, ngakho akufanele usitshale ezindaweni eziphansi.
Ukuhlwanyela i-mattiola kabili
Uma i-mattiola ikhiqiza ukutshala kusuka enzalweni, khona-ke isincomo esiya embuzweni wokuthi uzohlwanyela nini, kuyoba yisiqalo kanye nango-Ephreli. Izindawo eziningi eziseningizimu zivumela ukuhlwanyela ebusika - ngoNovemba. Uma sikhuluma ngezithombo, kufanele zilungiswe ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari nasekuqaleni kukaMashi.
Indlela engenambewu
Okokuqala udinga ukulungisa umhlabathi. Ukwenza lokhu, ekwindla ekwindla kufanele ihlome inhlabathi ibe yi-30-40 cm ejulile, bese uyixuba nama-humus ngesilinganiso esingu-7 kg ngomitha wendawo ngayinye. Ngemuva kwalokho, inhlabathi igcwele izilungiso eziyinkimbinkimbi zamanzi noma i-substrate engavundile yezimbali. Ngomitha owodwa wesikwele uzodinga izipuni ezintathu zezimali.
Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuba ukhulule inhlabathi, bese wenza izindawo ezingajulile (cishe ngamamitha ayi-0.5 cm), okumele kusetshenziswe. Imbewu ixubene nesihlabathi, ibheka ingxenye eyodwa ka-1: 10 futhi ihlwanyela ngokulinganayo emiphakathini. Ukuhlwanyela kudinga ukufafaza umhlaba, hhayi ukugcoba, nokuphindaphinda futhi. Amahlumela okuqala angalindelwa emva kwamasonto ama-1.5-2, uma ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Uma izimbali zihlwanyelwe ekwindla, zizovela entwasahlobo ezayo. Uyazi? Lesi sitshalo sabizwa ngegama elidumisa udokotela odumile wase-Italy ongumhlengikazi wekhulu le-XVI - uPietro Andrea Mattioli.
Indlela yokutshala
Indlela yokuhlwanyela yokutshala ama-mattiols isetshenziswe kaningi kunalowo owedlule. Kubalulekile ukulungisa umhlabathi neziqukathi (amabhokisi) izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokufika. Iziqukathi kufanele zihlanjululwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile, okungeziwe nge-potassium permanganate encane, bese isomisiwe ngokuphelele.
Ngaphansi kwebhokisi udinga ukubeka amachashaza ambalwa azosebenza njengomfula. Khona-ke amathangi agcwele i-substrate, elungiselelwe kusukela enhlabathini ye-turf nesihlabathi ngesi-3: 1. Inhlabathi ithuliswa ngamanzi, futhi lapho kudingeka futhi wengeze i-permanganate encane ye-potassium.
Ukuze imbewu ihlume ngokushesha, kufanele ifakwe amahora angu-24 emanzini abilisiwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Bese beboshwe ngendwangu emanzi futhi beqandishelwe amanye amahora angu-24.
Ekupheleni kwawo wonke umsebenzi wokulungiselela, ungaqala ukuhlwanyela imbewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izindawo ezihlabayo zenziwa emhlabathini, ibanga eliphakathi kwazo kufanele lilinganiselwa ku-4 cm. Imbewu ibekwe eceleni kwe-3 cm. I-groove ihlanganiswe umhlaba futhi kufanele ihambelane. Ibhokisi kufanele limbozwe ngilazi futhi lihlanzwe endaweni efudumele, kodwa evulekile izinsuku ezingu-5-8. 
Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuhambisa isitsha ekamelweni elihle, ngenkathi unciphisa izinga lokushisa libe yi-12-14 ° C. Kubalulekile ukuguqula umbuso wokushisa ngenxa yokuthi emazingeni aphezulu okushisa ukubunjwa kwamaphutha, kanye nezimbali, kuzolinda.
Lapho izithombo zikhula futhi zikhiqiza amaqabunga amabili ngamunye, isitshalo singasetshenziswa ukufakelwa. Amandla azohambisana nanoma yikuphi - iphepha noma izibuko zeplastiki, izimbiza ze-peat, njll. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa amathuba okulimala ohlelweni lwempande enqubo yokufakelwa kabusha emhlabathini. Iziqukathi zigcwele i-substrate, elungiselelwe kusuka e-turf kanye nomhlabathi oqabile ngamanzi (1: 2: 1). Ukuhluma i-mettioli, ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuba amanzi amaningi.
Ungatshala i-mattiola endaweni ehlala njalo phakathi nendawo noma ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ugcine ibanga eliphakathi kuka-15-30 cm phakathi kwamahlumela. Ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokutshala, ikakhulu uma isimo sezulu sesishisa, izimbali kufanele zibe ngcono.
Uyazi? Uma i-mattiola itshalwe eceleni kwemibhede yamazambane, lesi sitshalo sizoba sesimangaliso sokwesabisa izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-Colorado amazambane beetle.
Indlela yokunakekela izimbali
Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngisho nomhloli wezimbali ongafisa angamlandela. Masitshele izici ezibaluleke kakhulu zezimbali ezikhulayo.
Imithetho yokunisela
I-Mattioli iyakuthanda kakhulu inhlabathi enomswakama, Ngakho-ke, kufanele baphuze njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezulu esomile. Kodwa ungadli amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi, kungcono ukuhlukanisa ukuchelela ngezigaba eziningana ukuze amanzi agele kancane kancane futhi anesikhathi sokungena emhlabathini.
Izici zomanyolo
Noma imuphi umanyolo owenziwe nge-mattiola uyaphikisana, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa umanyolo owodwa owathengiwe ngezitshalo zezimbali. Kubalulekile ukuwachitha emanzini, ukulandela imiyalelo, nokufeza. Uma inhlabathi ivundile, lezi zinqubo kuzodingeka zenziwe ngezikhathi ezingu-4 kuya kwezi-6, ezindaweni ezihlwempu - izikhathi ezingu-6-8. 
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uthole inombolo enkulu yezimbali, umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe esigabeni sokuhluma kwe-mattiola.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi nokususwa kokhula
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sihlale sinempilo phakathi nenkathi yonke ekhulayo, kudingeka sihlale sikhula uhlaka, sisuse yonke ukhula futhi siyikhulule inhlabathi. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela kakhulu, ukuze kungalimazi kanye neziqu ezinamathele kangaka ze-mattiola.
Izifo nezinambuzane zembali
- Ukunisela - Isinyathelo sokugunyazwa esimweni sokunakekela mattiola. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ungagcini inhlabathi, ngoba iphutha elinjalo lingabangela ukuhluma kwesistimu, ngoba umphumela uzobuna futhi ufe.
- Ukubona noma yikuphi uhlobo lomonakalo emaqabunga, kufanele kususwe masinyane ukuze kuvimbele ukusakazwa kokutheleleka emaceleni enempilo. Uma kwakudingeka ubhekane nezifo ze-fungal, izitshalo ezigulayo kudingeka zidume futhi zishise. Emva kwalokho, inhlabathi kumele iphathwe nezidakamizwa ezilwa ne-fungal.
- Uma izimo zezulu ezomile zingase zivele zikhuni. Zivela ngendlela yezimbobo ezincane emaqabunga. Izitshalo ezinjalo zingafafazwa ngokhuni lomlotha.
- Uma kwenzeka uMattiol ehlaselwa i-whitegrass, kuyadingeka ukuyiphatha ngezinambuzane.
Ama-insecticide afana no-Vertimek, Fastak, Lepidocid, Kemifos, Akarin, Angio, BI-58, Iskra Double Effect, Decis kanye Nemabact avikela uMatola kusuka izinambuzane nezinye izinambuzane.
Mattiola amabili-amahomoni - kuyaukuhlakulela kanye nesitshalo esingenangqondo esivuthayo. Akudingi izimo ezikhethekile zokulima, futhi akuyona into engenakunakekelwa ekunakekeleni, okuyinto ekahle hhayi kuphela kubalimi abanolwazi, kodwa nalabo abazama ukuziqhenya ngokwabo.
