U-Ash ungumuthi odumile emhlabeni wonke, izinhlobo zawo zikhula ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba futhi zisetshenziswe abantu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.
Namuhla, izinkuni zalo nazo zisetshenziselwa umnotho, kepha akukho ukutshala okubukhoma okusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemvelo.
I-Ash - incazelo jikelele
Umuthi ungowomndeni wakwa-Olive, ekilasini eliyisibhakabhaka. Inenqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo kuye ngokuthi isifunda sokukhula. Kodwa zonke zihlangene ndawonye: umlotha ungokwakhe uhlobo lwegama elifanayo. 
Izihlahla zale genus zibhekene nesimiso esiqinile semithombo esingenayo i-taproot. Amagxolo ane-tint-gray grey, eduze kwenhlabathi ihlanganiswe nezinsalela ezincane, kodwa ngaphezu kwesiqu sihamba kahle. Umgqomo ububanzi ufinyelela emitha futhi uhlanganiswe phezulu ngenhla ephakanyisiwe kakhulu, ebanzi, nxazonke. Yakhelwe kusuka emahlumela aphikisiwe anama-arcuate aqondiswe phezulu. Ukuphakama komuthi womlotha kungama-25-35 m, kepha ezinye izibonelo zikwazi ukufinyelela kumamitha angu-60.
Uyazi? Ukuhlola i-etymology yegama lomuthi, u-Vladimir Dal uphikisa ukuthi livela egameni elithi "kucacile", "elikhanyayo." Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umqhele womuthi awuvamile, ngakho ukukhanya kwelanga kudlula kalula.
Amafihlethi e-apical akhiwa amakhulu kunalawo ohlangothini, kodwa wonke omnyama anezinhlamvu ezincane. Ukushiya kuya ku-40 cm kukhule ngokungalingani, okuphambene namapheshana angu-7-15 ubude obuyi-4-9 cm. Lawa maqabunga anesisekelo esisodwa esinqunyiwe, esenziwe ngemigqa, sessile, esingenhla kanye nohlaza obumnyama okombala. Ubeke umvini ocindezelekile emithanjeni ephakathi neyomhlophe ehamba phambili. I-Shank top pubescent, i-grooved, i-semicircular. Uphonsa amaqabunga ekwindla sekwephuzile ngenkathi usalokhu luhlaza.
Yeka ukuthi izimpande zomlotha zincike ezihlotsheni ezithile zomuthi, kodwa cishe zonke izimbali azikho iphunga, azikho i-perianth. Iqoqwe ama-panicle ahlanganisiwe emagatsheni ngaphandle kwamaqabunga. Ama-inflorescence wesifazane akhula isikhathi eside kunamadoda futhi akhule ndawonye emthini ofanayo. Futhi kuwo kukhona izimbali zobulili obuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, bangaba ne-pistil eyodwa, noma ama-stamens amabili, noma bobabili ngesikhathi esifanayo. Izimbali zivela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuMeyi, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhakaze. Izimbali zabesifazane zivuthwe kuqala kunamadoda, ngakho-ke ukuvundlela imfuyo kwenzeka ngezinye izihlahla.
Izithelo zika-Ash ziyi-oblong, i-elliptical noma i-lanceolate lionfish, ezungezwe ngezansi bese ziba khona phezulu. Khula kuze kube ngu-4.5 cm ubude. I-nutlet ingaba yingxenye yobude be-lionfish, oblong, i-grooved, flat. Phuma ngo-September-Okthoba, kodwa bahlala esihlahleni isikhathi eside, bewela kuphela ekupheleni kwebusika noma entwasahlobo. Ebusika, bayadliwa ngenkuthalo yizinyoni namagundane.
Zonke izinhlobo zomlotha zidinga ukukhanya, ukulwa nesithwathwa, nakuba zingase zihlupheke emahlathini asehlobo. Ikhula kahle enhlabathini evundile, ikhetha inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi nomswakama. Ungaphila iminyaka engu-300, kodwa izithelo ezineminyaka engu-25-40. Ikhula emigwaqweni, ekutshalweni, emapaki, emahlathini, kaningi e-bayrachny, esingaphansi kwesigodi.
Izinhlobo zomlotha
Isihlahla sikhula ezindaweni ezahlukene zezulu emhlabeni wonke. Ngemva kokushintshelela kubo, kancane kancane sashintsha. Namuhla, izinkuni zokhuni zinezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Cabanga ngezinto ezivame kakhulu.
Ash ash
Lezi zinhlobo zikhula kuze kufike ku-30m ukuphakama, nakuba emhlabathini ovundile ikakhulukazi ungafinyelela ngisho 40 m. Umqhele ukhiwa phezulu nokuhweba. Amagxolo emithi emincane i-gray grey-green, igrey nge gray futhi ehlanganiswe ukuphahlazeka. Kusukela emaqabungeni amnyama amaqabunga ahluma amaqabunga amaqabunga angama-7 - 15 amancane. Banefomu le-lanceolate, ifaka emaphethelweni, sessile. Ngezansi ube nomthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi phezulu - oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Umlotha oqhakaza ogcwele izimbali ezincane eziyisini zobulili obunesibindi esinezinhlamba ze-bifid neziqu ezimbili. Yakhiwe emahlumela omnyaka odlule futhi ehlotshiswe ngezigxobo. Izimbali zivela ngaphambi kwamacembe, ngo-Ephreli-Meyi.
Ngokuwa endaweni yabo kunezithelo-lionfish kuze kube ngu-5 cm ubude. Ekuqaleni banombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese kancane kancane bephenduka obomvu futhi bavuthwe ngekwindla, kodwa bahlale emagatsheni ubusika bonke.
U-Ash uyilungu lomndeni wakwa-Olive. Izwe lalezi zinhlobo libhekwa njengeTranscaucasus neYurophu, kodwa litholakala eNyakatho Caucasus, e-Iran. Ikhetha inhlabathi encane ene-alkaline evundile yamahlathi ahlanganisiwe namaqabunga. Ngemuva kokusika isihlahla esihlahleni sakha amahlumela amaningi. Itholakala eCrimea nasezingxenyeni eziseningizimu ye-Ukraine, kodwa ikhule ngokuyinhloko njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.
I-White Ash (Floral)
Ukubonakala kwalo mlotha ihlukaniswe umqhele ophansi we-shayingi ohlangene futhi uhlanganiswe kahle. Isihlahla ngesinye isikhathi sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angama-20. Amagatsha awo anamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ahlanganiswe namaqabunga omnyama anemibala ekhanyayo nama-pub, aphikile.
Amaqabunga anamanzi anamaqabunga angu-5 kuya kwangu-11 kuya ku-10 cm ubude no-4 cm ububanzi. Gcina i-petioles emfishane emifushane ne-grooves. Unomumo ovoid, spiky, serrate emaphethelweni. Isisekelo singase singalingani, siphezulu futhi sincane. Okuvela phezulu kunomthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo kusuka phezulu kuya phansi. Ezindaweni kanye nasemithanjeni emikhulu kunezinwele ezibomvu.
Uyazi? Ijusi elithandekayo liphuma emagatsheni athunjiweyo alo muthi womlotha, ovuleka emoyeni. Lona yi-manna okuthiwa, okuvela kuwo izintambo ezinzima, ezifanele ukusetshenziswa komuntu njenge-laxative emnene, engabuye iphathwe ukukhwehlela. Iqukethe i-mannose, ushukela, i-polyatomic alcohol beckons. Ama-Coumarins akhona emagumbini nezimbali.
Umuthi otshisayo walezi zinhlobo unezinhlobo eziningi ze-inflorescences kuze kufike ku-12 cm ubude, incazelo yabo ngokuvamile i-calyx eluhlaza ihlukaniswe ibe yi-lobes ezine engunxantathu, umgqomo onamafutha amane omhlophe okuthiwa i-lanceolate omude kune-calyx.
Ezingxenyeni ezide ziyi-anthers, i-pistil inezinhlamba ezimbili-ingxenye, ikholomu ende. Ngokungafani nabamele abaningi bomlotha, lezi zinhlobo zichitha izimbali ngemuva noma ngesikhathi esifanayo nokubonakala kwamaqabunga. Izithelo yi-obovoid lionfish oblong shape 0.5 cm ububanzi futhi 3 cm ubude. Phuma ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
Uyazi? I-ash inezinkuni eziqinile futhi eziqinile, okwakuyizikhathi zangaphambili ezazisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwamathuluzi wokuzingela, amathuluzi okulwa. Benza amakilabhu, imikhonto, nemicibisholo, eyayingabonakali ngamandla abo kuphela, kodwa futhi ngokuqina kwabo. Namuhla, izinkuni ziyasetshenziswa ngentshiseko. Amantombazane e-Baseball, ama-billiard cues, i-skis, ama-racing, ama-gymnastic - lokhu akukona okwenziwe ngamapulangwe.
Lezi zinhlobo zingatholakala eTurkey, eSouth Bohemia, e-Austria, e-Italy, eSpain, e-Balkans, ngezinye izikhathi eLebhanon, Western Syria naseTranscaucasia. Izohwebo zanda kuphela eSicily.
I-Ash American
Isihlahla salezi zinhlobo sikhula kuze kube ngu-40 m ukuphakama, sakha umqhele ovoid omkhulu. Amagatsha amancane ahlanganiswa nokukhanya phansi, abe nombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nombala obomvu, obomvu, obluhlaza noma obomvu obuneminyaka yobudala, kodwa kaningi ukukhanya kwe-orange.
Amaqabunga omlotha waseMelika ankulu, angaba ngu-30 cm ubude.
Amapheshana awo (ngokwesilinganiso, izicucu ezingu-7) anemiphetho egcwele egcwele, oblong. Ziyi-5 cm ububanzi, ubude obuyi-15 cm. Okuhlaza okomnyama okukhanyayo, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngezansi, obushelelezi, ngesakhiwo seselula kanye nemivimbo ecindezelekile. Ukunikeza izimbali ziqukethe ama-inflorescences, zikhule zibe ngu-10 cm. Kubonakala ngaphambi kwamacembe ngo-Ephreli - Meyi.
Uyazi? Izithelo zomuthi zingamafutha angu-30%, ngakho-ke hhayi izinyoni kuphela namagundane, kodwa futhi abantu basebenzise njengokudla. Ngekhulu le-18 eNgilandi, izithelo zalo ezingavuthiwe zagcinwa futhi zisetshenziselwa ukudla okunomsoco wokudla nezitsha zemifino.
I-Ash yakha isithelo ngendlela ye-cage cylindrical ubude buka-3.4 cm, amantongomane ayesigamu sobude bayo. Vula kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba, basakaza kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuNovemba njengoba bevuthwa.
I-Ash Lanceolate (Okuhlaza)
Nakuba lesi sihlahla esiqhamukayo salezi zilwane sikhula kuphela ku-15 m ukuphakama, sakha isitshalo esinamandla esinomqhele ojikelezayo, obanzi, okhanyayo ophezulu, ophakanyisiwe amagatsha anegrey-green noma gray gark. Amaqabunga aphikisanayo aphikisanayo avela ngaphambili kunezinye izinhlobo futhi awela ngokushesha.
Isici somuthi womlotha walezi zinhlobo nazo azifani nezimbali ezihlobisa. Zitholakala emaphethelweni amahlumela abambalwa ngendlela yama-panicles noma ama-bunches, avele ngaphambi kwamaqabunga. Endaweni yabo zakhiwa izithelo - amantongomane anamaphiko noma ama-achenes.
Kubalulekile! I-Ash ikhula ngokushesha, ifinyelele ubude obungamamitha angama-60. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isilinganiso sobudala somuthi singu-300-350 iminyaka. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala, ukuze umuthi ungaphazamisi nezinye izitshalo noma izakhiwo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
INyakatho Melika ibhekwa njengezwe lakubo, lapho lihlonywe ngekhulu le-18 futhi lisakazeka emhlabeni jikelele. Ikhula ezindaweni ezimanzi, emagqumeni ezinqolobane, emahlathini azinzile. Ikhula ngokushesha futhi ithanda izindawo ezivulekile ezivulekile, inhlabathi enomanzi enezinto eziphakeme ze-calcium. Ngonyaka ungangeza u-45 cm ukuphakama. Kuyinto emelene nesithwathwa, izihlahla ezivuthiwe kalula zibekezelela amaqhwa phansi -40 ° С. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isithwathwa se-frosts singalimaza. Ukutshala lomlotha esakhiweni, phawula ukuthi akayithandi ukusika izihlahla.
I-Ash-leaved
Lesi sihlahla esinqabileyo sikhula sikhule ngamamitha angu-25, sakha umqhele ovalwe oval. Kukhulu kakhulu, okungeyona isici somlotha esimisweni. Amahlumela aluhlaza aluhlaza agcina ashintshe umbala wegxolo kuya kumnyama omnyama.
Shiya kulezi zinhlobo kuze kufike ku-25 cm ubude, ziqukethe, ziyinkimbinkimbi. Yakhiwe kusuka emaqabunga angu-7-15 kuya ku-8 cm ubude. I-base isincane, ifakwe emgqeni, isimo siyi-lanceolate, iphoyinti iphezu. Amaphethelo asebenza, agwebe phansi, amnyama. Ushiya iminyaka, cishe i-leathery, i-sessile ihlelwe ngamabili amabili.
Izimbali zivela emahlumela wonyaka odlule. Awunayo i-perianth, ukhule emabhulashini wezingcosana zamagatsha ezinhlamvu.
Awuveli ngo-Ephreli, njengoba umuthi womlotha uvame ukuqhakaza, ukwahlulela ngencazelo yezinye izinhlobo, kodwa ngoMeyi. Ngakho-ke Ukulimala kwesithwathwa kuyinqaba kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! I-ash pollen iyi-allergen eqinile. Kungabangela uxhumano lwe-dermatitis.
Izithelo - lionfish kuze 4 cm ubude. Yiba nephusi elibukhali noma elihlangene, oblong. Isidleke senzalo sithatha ngaphezu kwengxenye yobude be-lionfish. Isithelo singama-oblong, ama-convex, avuthiwe ngo-Septhemba.
Ikhula ikakhulukazi eningizimu yeYurophu naseNyakatho Afrika. Inomphumela wokuhlobisa ophezulu.
Umlotha we-Fluffy
Elinye igama lomuthi womlotha yi-pennsylvania. Ikhula kuze kube ngu-20m ukuphakama, ukwakha umqhele ovelele owenziwe ngendlela engavamile. Ububanzi bufinyelela kumamitha angu-12. Amahlumela amancane aloluhlobo lomuthi baye bazwa i-pubescence futhi bahlanganiswa namagxolo anesundu.
Iyini iqabunga lomlotha lalezi zinhlobo libukeka? Lawa amaqabunga angama-5-9, aqoshiwe amnyama amnyama avela ngenhla, futhi abe nomthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ovela ngaphansi. Ngisho ekwindla, cishe cishe abaphendukile, bese bewa green. Izimbali zalesi sitshalo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza, oluzungezile. Umuthi ukhula ngokushesha. Ngonyaka ungangeza u-30 cm ububanzi no-50 cm ukuphakama. Uphila iminyaka engaba ngu-350.
Lezi zinhlobo kumele zitshalwe ekukhanyeni nasenhlabathini evundile. Umuthi udinga umswakama, ngakho-ke kudinga ukuchelela njalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kunamakhaza, kodwa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kungase kuhlwithwe yiqhwa. Izwe lakubo libhekwa njengeNyakatho Melika.
I-Manchurian Ash
Kusukela lapho lezi zinhlobo zitholakala khona, akunzima ukuqagela. I-Manchuria ibhekwa njengezwe lakubo, kanye neKorea, China neJapane. Ikhetha amahlumela ahlanganisiwe nama-broadleaf, ekhetha indawo yaseJapane elm, i-poplar Maksimovic. Uthanda inhlabathi evundile, ekhula ngokushesha kakhulu. Isilinganiso seminyaka engu-350.
Lona ngumuthi odioecious, ogcwele izimbali owesilisa nowesifazane, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kunezinkinga zokushayisana ngokobulili obunemibhangqwana enama-2-4 stamens. It has a trunk eqondile, okuvela kuwo amagatsha ngokukhululeka akhula phezulu. Ukuphakama kungafinyelela kumamitha angu-35, ububanzi be-trunk - kufika ku-1.5 metres. Yakha umqhele ophezulu ophakanyisiwe. 
Amagxolo anezinhlanzi ezincane kanye nezimbambo ze-longitudinal anama-3-5 cm, anombala noma asemhlophe. Amahlumela amancane amancane afakwe amagxolo amnyama noma amnyama aphuzi. Amaqabunga avulekile, cishe asundu. Amahlamvu afaka amapheshana angu-7-15 kuya ku-9 cm ububanzi futhi afike ku-12 cm ubude. Anesisekelo esinqunyiwe esinqunyiwe, enqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqenqemeni nangomphetho ohlangene.
Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga avele esihlahleni, izimbali ziqhakaza kuso. Zivela ngoMeyi, futhi ngo-September izithelo zivela endaweni yazo - lezi ziyi-krylatki flat 10 mm ububanzi no-40 mm ubude ngenzalo ephahleni. Ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa bahlaza, futhi ekugcineni baphenduka obunundu.
Ash black
Isatshalaliswa engxenyeni esempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika, lapho ihlanganisa khona amabhange nemifula. Uthanda izitshalo ezixubile, izimila ezihlanzekile azikwakhiwa kalula. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhuma kwamanzi amancane akuyingozi kuye. Eminyakeni emihlanu yokuphila, umuthi ukhula ufike ku-1.9 m ukuphakama, kanti izitshalo ezincane zikhula ngokushesha. It has hardiness hardiness ebusika. Awuqhakazi.
Ngokuvamile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo luni lomlotha, lugugu lwezinkuni zalo eziqinile ngokubunjwa okuhle. I-Ash emnyama iyabaluleka ikakhulukazi ngombala wayo ongavamile wezinkuni - empeleni, cishe umbala omnyama. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhanya futhi kungapheli kancane. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa emhlobiso wezakhiwo.
Ukusetshenziswa komlotha ku-design landscape
Ngenxa yezimfanelo zabo zokuhlobisa, umlotha awusetshenziswanga ukubuyisela noma ukuvikela indawo yokuvikela, kodwa futhi nokusetshenziswa kwezinkuni ekukhiqizeni ifenisha, kanye nokusetshenziselwa ukuklama umhlaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izinhlobo zokuhlobisa izinkuni ezibukeka kahle ezinhlelweni ze-landscape ze-ensembles. Njengoba ibekezelela kahle ezindaweni ezinomoya ongcolisiwe, inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe, ivame ukutshala emigwaqweni, emapaki amadolobha nasemasimini.
Ngokuvamile kule nhloso sebenzisa umlotha ovamile owubukeka kahle endleleni yokutshala. Kodwa ezindaweni ezingcolile kakhulu, i-lanceolate ibukeka kahle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubonakala kukhangayo kakhulu. I-Fluffy ash nayo inhle kakhulu ezimweni zasemadolobheni. Kulula ukulondoloza, kubheka okuhle ku-alleys plantings, lapho kuhlobisa amachibi.
Umlotha waseMelika uhlobisa kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile uvame izinambuzane. I-leaved encane ibaluleka ngokukhula kwayo okusheshayo kanye nobukhulu obukhulu, engayifinyelela uma inakekelwa kahle. Isetshenziswa kokubili kokufika okukodwa, kanye nezinye izitshalo ezinqabile.
I-Ash inezinhlobo eziningi namafomu akhula emhlabeni jikelele. Umuthi uyabaluleka ngezakhiwo zawo ezihlobisa kakhulu, ngoba usetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza umhlaba jikelele. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa azihlwanyelwe kuphela emaphakathini nasezintweni, kodwa futhi ziyingqayizivele.
Futhi kubaluleke kakhulu izinkuni zalo, ezibonakala ngokuqina, ukuguquguquka kwemvelo, futhi esimweni somnyama omnyama, umphumela wokuhlobisa ophezulu. Inzuzo enkulu yalesi sihlahla ukuthi ibekezelela isimo esingcolile futhi ayifuni ukunakekela.
