Rose (rozhan, erysipelas, rouge) - plant of the genus rosehip. Iningi lezinhlobonhlobo ze-rozhany etholakala ngenxa yeziphambano eziphindaphindiwe eziphindaphindiwe nokukhethwa isikhathi eside. Endle, ama-roses angatholakala ngesimo sehlathi. Lesi sitshalo sinezinhlobo ezimbili zamagatsha okuphela - izibeletho, noma eziyisisekelo, nezinhlobo ezinhlanu zamahlumela wonyaka: okukhiqizayo, ukukhula, amafutha, ama-syleptic nokungakafiki. Izimbali zivela ngemibala ehlukene: ophuzi, obomvu, omhlophe, njll. Ubukhulu babo buxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo futhi zingafinyelela ku-18 cm ububanzi.
Isikhathi esihle sokuhlala
Uma unquma ukutshala ama-roses entwasahlobo, kuzomele udinga ukuthi uzotshala nini nokuthi ungayiphila. Ukutshala imifino kuhle ngoba ungabona ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwe-rose, futhi ulungisa noma yikuphi ukwehluka okungamukeleki ekuthuthukisweni kwayo. Uma utshala imbali ekwindla, ngeke usenalo ithuba lokulungisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo. Yebo, futhi ubunzima bazokwengezwa. Isibonelo, udinga ukuqagela ngokunembile isikhathi sokutshala, ukuze i-rose inesikhathi sokuhlala ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala.
Kubalulekile! Ezindaweni eziseningizimu yezwe lethu, kungenzeka ukutshala ama-roses kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kuyilapho ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kuphela intwasahlobo izoba isikhathi esihle sokutshala.
Isikhathi sokutshala entwasahlobo sincike ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo. Ama-Shotguns anezimpande ezivaliwe ezivaliwe namaqabunga amancane kufanele atshalwe lapho isikhathi seqhwa siphelile. Engxenyeni esenyakatho yeRussia amaqhwa angaqhubeka kuze kube phakathi noJuni. Ngakho-ke, akudingekile ukutshala amahlathi ngaphambi. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, imbali ingahlwanyelwa endaweni yokushisa futhi uyikhathalele kahle.
Ngaphambi kokutshala isibhamu, kuyasiza ukwazi isimo sezulu ngamaviki angu-1.5-2 ngaphambili. Uma kungekho amaqhwa, imbali itshalwe emhlabathini. Uma kwenzeka i-snap ebanda ngokuzumayo, lesi sitshalo kufanele sihlanganiswe ne-lutrasil.
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala izimbali ngesistimu yezimpande ezivaliwe sekupheleni kukaMeyi, ngezimbali ezinezimpande ezivulekile - phakathi no-Ephreli. Usuku oluhle kakhulu lokutshala ama-roses lushiswa, kanti isikhathi esihle kakhulu sosuku kusihlwa. Ukutshala ama-roses entwasahlobo emhlabathini kumele kube ngokushisa okulinganisiwe. Into ebaluleke kakhulu lapha ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile akushisi umlingisi omncane. Uma isimo sezulu sesishisa, imbali ingafakwa ngamaqabunga e-spruce kuze kube yilapho isungulwe ngokuphelele endaweni entsha.
Izimbali ezinjengama-snowdrops, ama-crocuses, ama-tulips, ama-daffodils, i-alissum, i-phlox, i-primroses, i-laureate, i-cleoma etshalwe phakathi kwama-roses ithola ukudla okunomsoco uma ukondla ama-roses futhi uwahlanganise nge-compost.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo
Uma ufuna ama-rose amahle amahle ukuhlobisa ingadi yakho noma ithala lakho iminyaka eminingi, khona-ke kudingeka ukhethe kahle uma uzithenga, bese uhlwanyela imbali ngendlela efanele futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo ngokunakekelwa kahle.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokuthenga
Izinhlobonhlobo ezingakhethiwe, ezingahambisani nesimo sezulu nesimo somhlabathi, zingase zife maduzane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma ngokwendlela ethile yokukhetha imbali efanelekayo, khona-ke uzokwazi ukuqhakaza kahle iminyaka eminingi. Ukuze ukhethe izithombo ezilungile, landela amathiphu angezansi:
- Esikhathini sokuqala, udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezithile bese ubuza umthengisi ukuthi yiziphi izimo zokukhulisa le mbali. Okulandelayo, kufanele uthole zonke izici zesitshalo esikhethiwe (ukuqala nokuhamba kwezimbali, ukukhula, ukuphindaphinda kwezimbali, ukuqhuma, njll);
- Izithombo zingathengiswa njengezihlahla ezihlanganisiwe, kanye nezakho. Uma isihlahla sihlanganiswa, kufanele usithole ukuthi hlobo luni lokufakelwa kuwo luhlanganisiwe. Ungakhohlwa ukubuza mayelana nobudala besitshalo;
- Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo, iminyaka yobudala engadluli eminyakeni engu-2-3. Izitshalo ezinjalo, uma zixhunyiwe kahle, zithatha kalula izimpande emhlabathini omusha futhi zikhuthazelele kalula amaqhwa ebusika;
- I-Rose ehlathini ngezimpande zayo ikhula kancane kancane. Bangase futhi bafe ekuqaleni kweqhwa (uma imbali ingenayo isikhathi sokukhulisa kahle uhlelo lwempande). Kodwa uma uthenge i-rose ngezimpande zakho, akufanele ukwesaba, imbali enjalo ingakhula kahle ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ikakhulukazi ngoba inezinzuzo ezimbalwa. Isitshalo esinjalo sihle ngoba singenawo amabhange amaningi, futhi ngokusinda okugcwele ithola uhlelo oluqinile lwempande emhlabathini;
- Uma uthenga izithombo ngezimpande ezingenalutho, udinga ukunaka iminyaka kanye nekhwalithi yeziqu (ezinye zazo kumelwe zibe nzima). Izitshalo ezisele kufanele zibe nombala oluhlaza kanye nokubukeka okusha. Uma zichotshoziwe, lokhu kungabonisa noma yisiphi isifo sembali;
- Ikhwalithi yezithombo liphinde liboniswe ngezici zangaphandle: akufanele kube yibala; iziqu, amaqabunga nezimpande kumele zithuthukiswe kahle; izinso akufanele zibe sesimweni sokuguquka sibe sesigaba esisebenzayo sokukhula;
- Izimpande ezingenalutho ze-seedling zidinga ukuthi zingenwe yi-disinfected (dilute 30 g we-sulfate yethusi ebhakedeni lamanzi bese unciphisa izimpande zezimbali lapho amahora ambalwa).
Uyazi? Ngesikhathi sokuqala ama-roses aqala ukukhula eRoma lasendulo. Emisebenzini yabalobi bamaRoma ngiyakhumbula izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-10 zama roses.Abalimi abaningi bathenga lezo zithombo ezibukeka kahle. Kodwa ukukhetha izimbali akuyona kuphela le parameter. Ukuze isitshalo sikhule isikhathi eside kusayithi lakho, landela wonke amathiphu angenhla.
Indlela yokusindisa izithombo ngaphambi kokutshala
Ngesinye isikhathi, ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo ngesikhathi entwasahlobo, badinga isikhathi sokugcina. Lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni lapho umgwaqo ungakabi khona isimo sezulu esihle sokutshala. Ziyakwazi ukugcinwa esiqandisini, emgodini noma eqhweni. 
Uma i-rozhan iphumula (isikhathi lapho imbali ingakaqali ukukhula), ingabe ingafakwa emnyango wesiqandisini. Phezulu kwembali ukufaka iphakheji ngemigodi noma iphepha le-Kraft. Njalo emva kwezinsuku eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisikhombisa, ukuthungwa kufanele kufakwe ngamanzi. Lapho izinga lokushisa esiqandisini liyi + 1 ... +3 ºС, isithombo singagcinwa izinyanga ezingu-1.5-2.
Uma i-roses isivele ihlume, ke itshalwe emabhokisini. Izitsha ezingcono kakhulu zizoba yiziqukathi ezide ezimbili. Kulo mhlaba, i-rose bushes ingagcinwa ebhodini isikhathi eside. Ukushisa akufanele kube ngezansi kwama-degrees angu-0, futhi uma kuwela, kungcono ukuthatha izimbali endlini. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi izithombo zisemthunzini.
Kubalulekile! Uma izinga lokushisa esiqandisini liphathelene + no-5 ... +6 ºС, khona-ke imbali inganikeza amahlumela aphukile.
Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, izimbali zenziwe ngokulingana ngobukhulu. Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kudingeka badume. Ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, ungavula amafasitela ebhodini, futhi kamuva - ukwenza izimbiza zezitshalo ngaphansi kwezulu elivulekile. Kodwa le ndlela yokulondoloza izithombo inesici: izimbali zingathinteka yi-spider mite. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, isitshalo kufanele siphonswe nsuku zonke ngamanzi. Ngaphambi kokufika emhlabathini, kuyadingeka ukuphatha i-anti-tick agent.
Abaningi abazi nokuthi bangasindisa kanjani nokuthi bangaphila ama-roses ngaphambi kokutshala entwasahlobo. Abantu bamangala ngokukhethekile ukuthi izithombo zingagcinwa eqhweni.
Uma imbali ihluma, amahlumela omude kakhulu kufanele aphulwe. Ukuze ulondoloze isitshalo eqhweni, kufanele kufakwe ebhokisini lekhadibhodi futhi lifafazwe nge-peat, lifakwe engxenyeni yegceke lapho iqhwa lizobe lide khona kunazo zonke. Ibhokisi eliphezulu eligcwele i-lutrasil futhi lifafazwe ngeqhwa.
Uyazi? Ukuqhaqhazela kweqhwa kungabambezeleka uma amagatsha e-pine noma ngesi-spruce efakwa phezulu kwe-snowdrift.
Uma ugcina izithombo ezinqabweni zeqhwa, khona-ke ngeke besabe amakhaza. Ebhokisini ngaphansi kweqhwa, izinga lokushisa lizohlala lingu-0ºС. Yiqiniso, iqhwa liyoncibilika ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, okusho ukuthi izitshalo kuzodingeka zitshalwe ekuqaleni. Kodwa akukho lutho olungalungile ngalokhu.
Indlela yokukhulisa ama-roses ensimini
Ukutshala okufanelekile kwama roses athengwe entwasahlobo - isibambiso sokubonakala kwensimu enhle ensimini engadini yakho. Unyaka ngamunye ungakwazi ukujabulela ubuhle be-Rouge ekhulayo.
Ukukhetha indawo
Roses - izitshalo ezithisa ukushisa, futhi ehlobo badinga ukukhanya kwelanga njalo. Indawo enhle kakhulu yokufika kuyo izovikelwa emimoyeni nasezindaweni ezihlelekile. Ungatshala izimbali ngakwesokunene-mpumalanga yasensimu, ngoba i-rose ijabulela ilanga elikhulayo. Izinhlobo ze-roses ezikhuphuka zivunyelwe ukutshala ezindaweni ezithuthumayo.
Funda futhi ngalezi zitshalo ezinothando lokushisa njengezincane, streptosolen, spathiphyllum, nightshade, scandus, shefler, sansevieriya, poinsettia, plumeria kanye ne-philodendron.
I-Roses ayithobeki ekukhethweni kwenhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, zingatshalwa kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi nakweyiphi insimu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi bahlwanyela kahle emhlabathini onesihlabathi nesicwebezelayo. Futhi, imbali ayikhuthazwa ukuthi ifakwe ezindaweni lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze.
Uyazi? Ukukhethwa kwama-roses kuholele cishe kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba kusukela ngekhulu lesishiyagalolunye.
Ukulungiselela i-Pit
I-Pit idinga ukumba ngamasayizi amaningi ukuthi izimpande zesitshalo zazizwa zivulekile. Uma inhlabathi ivundile, ubukhulu obukhulu bomgodi yi-0.5 × 0.5 amamitha. Uma inhlabathi ipholile, ukujula komgodi kungakhuphuka kube ngamamitha angu-0.6-0.7, kanti ububanzi bungashiywanga.
Kubalulekile! Ukuvikela izithombo kusukela elangeni elikhanyayo elangeni, basebenzisa izinto ezingelusiwe ezihlanganisa imbali.Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukulungisa ingxube yezakhi. Kungaba nama humus, umquba obolile kanye nomquba. Ukwakhiwa okunjalo akufanele kuhlangane nezimpande, ngakho-ke, kufanele kuthululwe emgodini bese ufafazwa ngendwangu encane yomhlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokho, uthele 1-1.5 amalitha amanzi lapho bese ulinda kuze kufakwe. Uma i-rose inezimpande ezivaliwe, akudingekile ukukhulula impande evela emhlabathini. Uma impande ikhululekile, ifinyelelwe ku-1/3 yobude, futhi ifakwe kwisithuthukisi sokukhula sezimpande amahora angu-1.5-2.
Isu nemithetho yokufika
Ngaphambi kokutshala, amahlumela kufanele anqunywe ngokwemithetho elandelayo:
- E-hybrid tea ne-polyanthus roses, amahlumela anqunywa ukuze ama-2-3 efihlekile ahlale kuwo ngamunye;
- Ku-roses floribunda, amafihlethi 3-4 kumele ashiywe;
- E-roses yokupaka, amahlumela ayancishiswa ngo-10-15 cm;
- Ukuze uthole isembozo somhlabathi rose, udinga ukubuyekeza izimpande (ukusika kuphela izigaba zezimpande).
Uyazi? Incazelo yokuqala yezesayensi yama-roses yayiyi-botanist yasendulo yesiGreki, isazi sefilosofi nomsunguli wemvelo weTheophrastus.Ngemuva kokuthela izihlahla, isithombo sekulungele ukutshala. Imbali kufanele itshalwe ukuze indawo yokugoma ibe yi-5-7 cm ngaphansi komhlaba. Kudingeka ukususa i-wax endaweni yokungena, uma ikhona. Ngemuva kokuba isithombo sihlanganiswe nenhlabathi, kufanele sihlanganiswe futhi siphuze futhi. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ususe ama-bubbles angaphezu kwe-air avela emhlabathini. Lokhu kusungula uxhumano oluhle kakhulu lomhlabathi. Okulandelayo, udinga ukufaka isikhala ku-10-15 cm ukuphakama. I-slide ingasuswa emavikini amabili noma amathathu, lapho isithombo sisekelwe ngokuphelele.
Eqinisweni, inqubo yokuthenga nokutshala ama roses ilula, futhi ekugcineni uzothola izimbali ezinhle ensimini ezokujabulela iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-12.
