Izitshalo zokumboza phansi kukhona umhlobiso wangempela wensimu. Lezi zinhlobo ezikhula iminyaka eminingi zikhula okuthiwa "ngokwazo" futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Zibuye zibaluleke kakhulu ekuklanyeleni kwezwe, njengoba umphumela wabo wokuhlobisa uvumela ukuthi usebenzise imibono emangalisayo ngempela.
Iberis esivamile
Iberis esivamile noma i-Iberia ingabizwa njengenye yezilonda zokuqala zokuqala kwentwasahlobo. Ngokuvamile ungabona ukuthi izihlahla zakhe eziluhlaza zihamba kanjani ngaphansi kweqhwa elincane.
Izitshalo zokuhlala eziphansi komhlaba nezithombe zazo zingatholakala ezinkampanini zezitshalo zensimu, kodwa ikakhulukazi isikhathi esingapheli ngegama elithi Iberis liphuma phakathi kwabo. Lolu hlobo lwe-herbaceous lunezinhlobo ezingu-40 zezitshalo ezifakiwe emndenini we-cruciferous.
Amafomu ase-Iberis ahlale eluhlaza anamahlumela amancane anesisindo, afinyelela ku-30 cm ukuphakama. Njengomthetho, izihlahla zikhula kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ububanzi bazo bufinyelela kumitha eyodwa. Amaqabunga e-Evergreen, isikhumba.
Ngesikhathi izimbali ezimhlophe ziqhakaza ziyaqhakaza cishe ngo-1.5 cm ububanzi. Naphezu kwalezi zingcosana ezincane, inani lezimbali likhulu kakhulu. Isitshalo esisodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa singakhula ngezimbali eziyinkulungwane, ngenxa yokuthi i-iberis ekhula iba njengefu elimhlophe. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli futhi siphela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Isihlahla esiphezulu sase-Iberis sithanda ukushisa kwelanga, sikwazi ukubekezela kancane kancane shading. Ngokuntuleka kwezimbali ezikhanyayo kunciphile kakhulu. Ungakhula cishe kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi, uma nje ingapheli kahle.
Ukumelene nezinambuzane nezifo. Noma kunjalo, ehlobo elomile, i-Iberis ingase ibe ngaphansi kokuhlasela kwezingulube zomhlaba. Ukuqeda izinambuzane kuyinto elula, ngoba lokhu udinga ukuhambisa inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla kancane kancane.
Uyazi? Izimbali zase-Iberis zisetshenziswe njengento eyisiqephu somshado.
I-Sedum (Sedum)
Izinhlu eziprintiwe ziqukethe ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nanoma yiziphi izithako zokugcina zomhlabathi kanye nezithombe zalezi zitshalo, kodwa yilapho isetshenziswa ngegama le-stonecrop (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Sedum) esetshenziselwa kakhulu ekudalweni kwezwe. Lo mbono uhlukaniswa namaqabunga awo "amahlumela" amaqabunga isitoreji sogesi. Siyabonga, i-stonecrop iyakwazi ukukhula ngisho nasezindaweni ezomile.
Iphunga libuye lithengiswe ngemithi yalo yokwelapha, ehluke kuye ngokuthi hlobo: i-stonecrop enkulu, ephuzi futhi evelele.
I-Sedum idinga ukukhanya-okudinga ngokwanele, ukungahlehlisi emhlabathini. Ukuvikela izidalwa ezikhula isikhathi eside ekungeneni kokungena emhlabathini, amagravel kanye nesihlabathi kumele kusetshenziswe. I-Sedig cishe ayidingi ukugqoka. Umanyolo we-nitrojeni ayingozi, ngoba angabangela amaqabunga, iziqu kanye nalo lonke uhlelo lwempande ukubola. Uma kusadingeka wenze ukugqoka, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-phosphate-potassium endaweni encane yokuhlushwa.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala ngoJulayi futhi siyaqhubeka kuze kube sekuqaleni kwamaqhwa. Ngisho nalapho iqhwa lokuqala liwa, i-sedum isakaziwa ngamaqabunga. Ibonakala ngokuqina okuhle kwebusika futhi akudingi ukuvikelwa okukhethekile.
Kubalulekile! Ngentwasahlobo (ngo-Ephreli), lapho kusetshenziselwa isikhathi eside, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuze kungabikho amaqabunga aqhamukayo esitshalo.
I-Carnation
I-Garden carnation iyimbali enhle kakhulu, enomnandi, ehunyushwe kusuka kwisiGreki igama layo lisho ukuthi "imbali yaphezulu". Lesi sitshalo sithanda kakhulu abalimi, ngakho-ke singabonakala emasangweni.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-300 zemidwebo, kodwa kuyisembozo somhlabathi esinokuhlanganiswa okungavamile kwemibala nemithunzi. Ukuhlelwa kwezimbali ezisikiwe kugcinwa isikhathi eside, kukhishwa iphunga elimnandi.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuqothulwa yilezi: i-carnation travyanka, isiTurkey, isiShayina, i-Shabo carnation.
Ukuqothuka okungapheli kuyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, ngakho ukuzinakekela akusithathi isikhathi esiningi nokuzikhandla. Into eyinhloko ukuphuza njalo nokususwa okwesikhashana kokhula.
Kudingeka futhi ukondla izithasiselo ezikhethekile zezimbali. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenziwe kathathu: entwasahlobo, lapho kuvela amaqabunga kuqala nalapho izimbali ziqhakaza. Ngemuva kokuqothulwa, udinga ukunquma ngokucophelela amakhanda, futhi unciphise izitshalo kancane.
I-Carnation iyisikhathi esihle sokuhlelwa kwemvelo, ngoba ingahlobisa imibhede ehlukahlukene yembali, i-rock arias kanye nama-slides alpine.
I-thyme yenyama
I-Thyme creeping, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-thyme, iyindawo yokuhlala ehlala isikhathi eside. Iqukethe iziqu eziningana, ezincane, ezinwabuzelayo ezitshala izimpande eduze kwesisekelo esineminyaka yobudala. Ngemuva kwaloko, zakha, zakha ukuphakama noma ukubeka amahlumela ezimbali zomhlaba 15-20 cm ukuphakama.
I-Thyme ishiya i-oblong-oval, i-petiolate, inzima ngama-glands amakhulu nokuvuvukala. Izimbali zincane, zine-pink hue-purple, ziqoqa emaphethelweni amagatsha, zakha i-capitate, i-inflorescences evulekile. Izithelo zingamantombazane amancane, ama-nut of shade omnyama.
Lokhu kuphela kungadluli emhlabathini, kubekezelela isomiso sasehlobo kanye nesithwathwa sasebusika. Isayithi lokutshala i-thyme kufanele likhanyiswe ilanga, livikelwe emimoyeni abandayo futhi likhululekile kunoma yikuphi ukhula.
I-thyme ye-creeping iyisitshalo se-cover-floor esakha i-"carpet" yangempela eluhlaza. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, ihlanganiswe namahlumela amaningi e-lilac-pink. Izimbali zithatha izinyanga ezingu-2-2.5, lapho i-thyme iphuma khona iphunga eliyingqayizivele.
I-crab yaseDwala
I-crab yaseDwala noma i-alissum iyisitshalo segadi esiya emkhayeni weKlabishi. Ihlumela kakhulu i-branched futhi ingafinyelela ku-30 cm ukuphakama.
Inamaqabunga amancane, oblong-lanceolate. Izimbali ezine ezincane ziqoqa ama-racemes aminyene ekhwela iphunga elimnandi lomuncu. Umbala wezimbali unombala omhlophe, ophuzi noma obomvu. Ibonisa izitshalo eziphansi komhlaba eziqhakaza yonke ihlobo, ngokuvamile ziqala ngoMeyi futhi zigcine kuze kube sekwindla.
Indawo ekahle yokutshala yindawo enelanga, eyomile, egcwele kahle. Ungaphinda ukhule u-burachek emthunzini, kodwa kulokhu, uzoqhakaza okungabalulekile. Izindawo zenhlabathi ezingathathi hlangothi noma ezincane zama-alkali zifanelekile kulezi ezihlukahlukene. Into eyinhloko ukuthi inhlabathi yayingekho amanzi.
Ukunakekela i-groundrod kulula, njengoba lokhu kuphela kungenakuzithoba. Ukunakekelwa kuhlanganisa ukucwenga ngesikhathi nokugqoka. Entwasahlobo, kuyadingeka ukususa izitshalo eziphukile nazo zonke izingxenye ezomile zesitshalo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuqeda amahlumela abuthakathaka kanye neziqu zomnyaka odlule. Konke lokhu kuzosiza ekutheni kube nezimbali eziningi zokuhlala isikhathi esisha.
Kotula
I-Kotula yigama elivamile lezilwane zasendle ezihlala phansi, okufaka izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-80 zezitshalo zomndeni we-Astrovye. Le ndawo yaseningizimu yaseningizimu nayo ibizwa ngokuthi "Izinkinobho Zesiliva" ngezimbali zayo ezinhle, ezincane zombala ophuzi okhanyayo, okukhumbuza ama-daisy amaningi aziwayo.
Amahlamvu akhazimulayo wehlukanisa kahle ngokweqile ngezimbali. Ngokuvamile iqhuma kanye kuphela ngenkathi ngayinye. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali izimbali zekati ziba umthombo wephunga elimnandi. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kunama-20-25 cm.
Lokhu kungapheli kuzozizwa kukhululekile elangeni elikhanyayo noma ngokuthungatha kancane. Ikhula kahle enhlabathini enesihlabathi, i-loamy noma ecacile, ibekezelela umswakama ophezulu.
Kubalulekile! I-Kotula ibekezelela kabi kabi amanzi aphelile ngesikhathi sokubusika.
I-Periwinkle
Kunezinhlobo ezingu-6 ze-periwinkles ezitholakala endle e-Europe, eMedithera, e-Afrika nase-Asia Minor. Ama-periwinkles ayimvelo yokugcina isikhathi esinezinhlayiyana ezinamaqabunga amhlophe, anezikhumba. Izimbali ezilodwa zitholakala kuma-axils weqabunga.
I-Periwinkle nayo inezindawo zokuphulukisa, okuyisizathu esengeziwe sokutshala kwayo.
Lezi zinhlobo zokugcina eziphazamisekile emhlabathini eziqhakaza ehlobo zigcina ukubukeka okusha ngisho nangaphansi kweqhwa. Ngenxa yalesi simfanelo, i-periwinkle isibe uphawu lwangempela lobukhulu. Izizwe zamaCelt ezendulo zanikeza lesi sitshalo ngezinto eziyimfihlo futhi zazibiza ngokuthi "i-violet yemilingo."
Ama-periwinkles ahlukumezeka endaweni, akwazi ukubekezelela kalula kokubili ilanga elikhanyayo kanye nomthunzi oqinile. Kodwa kungcono ukukhulela e-penumbra encane. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula kahle enhlabathini evundile, evulekile, egcwele kahle.
Ukufaka umanyolo, ungasebenzisa amaminerali noma umanyolo ophilayo. Njengomanyolo womzimba kungcono ukusebenzisa umquba, ama-humus noma amaqabunga awile. Lezi zinhlobo ziphikisana nesimo sezulu esibandayo, kodwa ekwindla amaqhwa angalimala amahlumela amancane. Futhi ebusika, i-periwinkle ingafakwa ngendwangu encane yamaqabunga.
I-Saxifrage
I-saxifrage iyisitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside esiyi-herbaceous rhizome. Endle, ikhula ezindaweni ezizungezile zenyakatho yezwe, ezintabeni (emadolobheni ase-alpine). Ngokuvamile kamnelomka ifinyelela ku-15-20 cm ukuphakama. Uhlelo lwempande lunamandla, lunesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Iziqu ezinwabuzelayo zihlanganiswa namaqabunga ahlangene, eziqoqwe nge-rosette yokuhlobisa. Amaqabunga angahlanganiswa ne-fluff encane, umbala unomthunzi omnyama okhanyayo nomnyama.
I-saxifrage idinga ukukhanya okuhle. Inhlabathi iyadedelwa, ngoba endle bayakhula kokubili emasithini amatshe amaningi futhi nasemithambekeni emithameni yamathafa. Into eyinhloko ukuthi umhlabathi kahle uvumele umswakama futhi ungomile.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi uhlwanyela i-saxifrage emhlabathini, ungangezela i-rubble encane ye-limestone.
I-Verbeinik
U-Verbeinik wathola leli gama ngenxa yokufana kwalo namaqabunga e-willow. Abasimili bayakwazisa lesi sitshalo ngenxa yokuthi kulula ukutshala nokuzithoba ekunakekeleni okulandelayo. Kuhle kakhulu ukufika kweqembu. I-Loosestrife ibuye ikuvumele ukuthi udale inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene ngesimo se-alpine slides, i-rockseries, i-curbs nezinye izakhi ze-landscape.
I-Verbeinik ine-stem eqondile namaqabunga e-oval, iyakwazi ukufinyelela ukuphakama kwemitha eyodwa. Izimbali ziqala ngasekupheleni kukaJune. Izimbali zifana namapiramidi amancane ekubukeni kwawo. Kungcono ukutshala emthunzini nasezindaweni ezinamazinga aphezulu omswakama.
Uyazi? I-Recruit iyisitshalo seju.
Molodil (semservivum)
Ukuvuselelwa kukhula ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseYurophu nase-Asia, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni zezintaba. Lokhu kungapheli kungatholakala emaqabunga ayo atshisayo, okuyi-ovate noma i-oblong.
Ukuhlakulela intsha e-dacha ngeke kube nzima. Lesi sitshalo kuthiwa sitshale futhi sikhohlwe.
Ngokujwayelekile amaqabunga akhonjiswe futhi ahlangene emaphethelweni. Izimbali ziqoqwe ku-corymbose-paniculate inflorescences.
I-Molodil ibekezelela kahle isimo sezulu eshisayo nesibanda. Kuphikisana kakhulu nomswakama owedlulele, kodwa amanzi amanzi angeke abe angenakuqhathaniswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zonke izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo ziphikisana nokuntuleka komswakama. Ukukhwabanisa okubi, ukudonsa eduze kwelanga, lesi sitshalo silahlekelwa umbala ogqamile futhi ifomathi.
I-Lamia
Lokhu kuphela kuvamile eNyakatho Yurophu naseSiberia. Izindebe ezinde, ezihlambulukile ze-yarnotka zakha "umshini" oqinile ohlaza. Amaqabunga anesisekelo esifana nesimo senhliziyo, futhi phezulu kuhlanganiswe nephethini elihle le-marble. Ngokujwayelekile, izimbali ze-yasnotka ziqoqwe emaxeni amaqabunga. Lezi zinhlobo zinesici esisithakazelisayo esisodwa - ngisho nasekuqaleni kwebusika, sigcina amaqabunga aluhlaza.
Ikhula kahle emthunzini omnandi wokukhetha. Lezi zinhlobo ziyakuthanda umswakama, kodwa, ngisho nesomiso asilimazi kakhulu esihlahleni, esingakwazi ukubuyisela ngokushesha umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Akunconywa ukutshala ngaphansi kwezihlahla, ngoba emva kwemvula amahlamvu ahlala emanzi isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungabangela ukulimala kwefungal nokubunjwa.
Ukunakekela kuhlanganisa umquba wokuphoqeleka nge-humus, kanye nokusika izihlumela ngokushesha emva kokuchichima.
Uyazi? I-yasnotki encane eluhlaza ingafakwa kwamasaladi, i-borscht noma isobho, amazambane ahlambulukile. Amahlumela amancane angagcinwa, futhi izimpande zidliwa esikhundleni se-asparagus.
I-Primula
I-Primula "yindwendwe eyamukelekile" yangempela yezididi eziningi. Ngokugcinwa kwemithetho yokutshala, ukulima kanye nokunakekelwa okunomakhono, izindawo ezivulekile zizophenduka ibhuloho langempela lezimoto ze-motley. Ukuphakama kwe-primrose kungafinyelela ku-30 cm. I-inflorescence ibonakala ibhola ekubukeni kwayo.
Indawo engcono kakhulu yokutshala yindawo evulekile, nakuba ezinye izinhlobo ze-alpine zizizwa zihle elangeni. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-acidic noma i-alkaline encane. Udaba lwe-organic kanye nesihlabathi lungafakwa enhlabathini enzima. Umhlabathi ozungeze i-primrose kufanele i-hydrated kahle. Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi awiwi amaqabunga futhi awaqhubeki emhlabathini, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukubola.
Izitshalo zokugcina izithombo zasemhlabathini ziyizitshalo ezimangalisayo ezikuvumela ukuthi udale amakhonksi amahle futhi ahlukile ngempela. Ngosizo lwabo, ungakwazi ukuhlela ama-accents agqamile futhi wenze ingadi ingafani nanoma yimuphi omunye.
