I-Sea buckthorn iyi-shrib eqinile ye-deciduous enekhwalithi ephezulu yokwelapha nokudla okunomsoco. Endaweni yayo yemvelo, lesi sitshalo sifinyelela kumamitha angu-2-4 ukuphakama. I-Sea buckthorn amajikijolo anemibala ephuzi noma ebomvu. I-Sea buckthorn ivame kakhulu e-China, eMongolia nakwamanye amazwe aseNordic. Namuhla, lesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele nesigugu siyalinywa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba. Kulesi sihloko, siqoqe izifo ezidumile kunazo zonke ze-sea buckthorn kanye nezindlela zokubhekana nazo.
Izifo ezivamile ze-sea buckthorn
I-Sea buckthorn iyi-shrub eqinile kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sikwazi ukumelana nokushisa okukhulu (kusuka ku -43 ° C kuya ku-40 ° C) futhi kubhekwa njengomsola ongenamandla. Namuhla, isibalo esincane kakhulu sezifo ezibucayi se-sea buckthorn sibhalisiwe, kufaka phakathi: i-wilting emangcwabeni, i-fusarium wilting, u-scab, i-endomycosis. 
I-verticillary wilting
Eziningi zezifo ezibhekwa enhlanzweni ye-sea buckthorn azikho imiphumela embi kakhulu kulesi sitshalo ngokwazo nezithelo zawo, ngaphandle kwe-verticillary wilt. Lesi yisifo esiyingozi esingaholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi zasolwandle-sihlahla se-sihlahla sogujaji phakathi neminyaka emibili. I-fungus Verticillium dahliae ingasithinta kakhulu imifino ye-sea buckthorn.
Emidlalweni yamazwe emazweni ahlukene, isihlahla se-sea buckthorn sekuyisikhathi eside sisetshenziselwa njengesitshalo somuthi. Phakathi kwezihlahla ezindizeni ezenzelwe ukwelapha, nazo zisebenzisa umjunipha, i-barberry, i-evergreen boxwood, i-berry yew, i-silver sucker.
Izimpawu ezilandelayo zingabonakala ngokuhlaziywa okubukwayo: ukususa amaqabunga namagatsha, ukuphuza amaqabunga, kulandelwa i-necrosis, amahlumela owomile, ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo esimpofu. I-25% yezimpande zesibonakaliso esinesifo esibonisa ukubola. Isitshalo esinezibonakaliso ze-wilting enamafutha akufanele isetshenziselwe ukuzalanisa.
Izindlela eziphumelelayo zokubhekana nalesi sifo azange zenziwe. Indlela kuphela yokuphuma ukubhujiswa kwezihlahla ezithintekayo. Lesi sitshalo kumele sitshalwe futhi sishiswe.
Endomycosis
I-endomycosis iyisifo sefungal of nature. Izimpawu zesifo zivele ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Amajikijolo abe yi-flabby futhi athambile. Isithelo asikho iphunga lomzimba we-sea buckthorn. Ngemuva kwalokho, igobolondo lezithelo ezigulayo liqhekeke kalula, okuqukethwe kwalo kuphuma futhi kuthelele amajikijolo anempilo. Imvula evame kakhulu yonyaka iholela ekusakazeni kwesifo. 
Izindlela zokulwa ihlanganisa ukuphatha izihlahla nge-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid noma 0.4% i-chlorine dioxide.
Umlenze omnyama
I-fungumsi yomhlabathi yilabo abangela ukugula kwalesi sifo. Lesi sitshalo siba mncane kakhulu lapho uxhumana khona phakathi kwegceke elingaphansi kwesithombo kanye nenhlabathi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-sea buckthorn iwela phansi bese ifa.
Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, izitshalo ze-sea buckthorn kufanele zitshalwe endaweni encane yomhlabathi omhlabathi nomfula. Futhi ukuze kuvinjelwe izithombo kufanele ziphuze ngekhambi le-potassium permanganate. Inqubo yenziwa kanye ngezinsuku ezingu-4-5.
Umdlavuza omnyama
On the amahlumela isitshalo avele amnyama izindawo nxazonke. Amagxolo omuthi aphenduka amnyama, aphuke, awele, avule izinkuni ezibomvu. I-fungi-pathogen ifinyelela emthini iqhuma ngokusebenzisa amaqanda aqhwazayo kanye namaqabunga. Izitshalo nezicuttings zesifo se-sea buckthorn zibonakalisa ngendlela yamabala amnyama agxilile endaweni yengqimba yezimpande. Amaphuzu akhula kancane kancane, enza izilonda. Izitshalo ezithintekile ziphelile. 
Ukulwa nalesi sifo Kunconywa ukuphatha izindawo ezithintekile nge-sulphate yethusi bese uyimboza ngenhlanganisela yobumba ne-mullein.
Scab
Lesi sifo sisakazwa yi-conidia, esakazwa ngamaconsi omswakama, kanye nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene nezinyoni. Ebusika, i-fungus ihlala ezindaweni ezingathintekile zesihlahla. I-scab igcinwa yonke indawo futhi iholela ekusomeni kwamagatsha, futhi ngokutheleleka okuqinile, nomuthi wonke. Phakathi nenkathi yehlobo, nxazonke, izindawo ezimnyama ezikhanyayo nemiphetho ecacile zivela esithelweni. Amajikijolo amaningi abuye aphenduke amnyama futhi aphume.
Isikhumba sikwazi ukubhubhisa kuze kube yingxenye yesitshalo sonke. Ukwehlisa i-autumn nokushiswa kwamahlumela afanelekile kanye namaqabunga kuyadingeka ukuvikela ngalesi sifo. Ukwelashwa nge-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid nakho kunconywa. 
Ukubola okuhlukile
Ukuguqula okutheleleka kwe-sea buckthorn kubangelwa amakhowe aseGeni Phytium, e-Alternaria naseBotrytis. Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokubola okubomvu nokubomvu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zezifo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sehlobo (ngoJulayi). Ukuthuthukiswa kokubola okubomvu nokubomvu kugqugquzelwa yisimo sezulu sezulu. Nge-gray grey, izithelo zomuthi ziphela, ama-shrivels nezinhlamvu ezinama-grey zihluma ngesikhumba samajikijolo. Izithelo ezithinta ukubola okubomvu zigcwele izindawo ezimnyama ezinemibala emifushane ye-sporonozh, engena esikhumbeni.
Isilinganiso sokuvimbela ekuboleni si Ukunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo - ukuchelela njalo, ukufaka umanyolo, ukukhulula ngobumnene ubuso bomhlabathi. Imithi esivele ibonisa izimpawu zokuhlunga kumele ihlungwe ngokucophelela.
I-Fusarium
Ama-causative agents of Fusarium wilt amakhowe we-genus Fusarium. Lesi sifo siholela ekudonsweni kwamagatsha olwandle. I-fungus ifaka izithombo ngamanxeba ezimpandeni. Esinye isizathu sokunqotshwa ukuma komzimba (ama-mushroom ahlala ezitshalweni ezibuthakathaka). 
Indlela kuphela yokulwa ne-fusarium ukusika nokuqeda izingxenye ezithathelwanayo zesitshalo.
Uyazi? I-Sea buckthorn ibhekiswe emibhalweni yabososayensi basendulo bamaGreki njengoDioscorides kanye Theophrasti. Lesi sitshalo saziwa njengendlela yamahhashi: amahlamvu amahlamvu namagatsha amancane ayengeziwe ukuze athole ukuze athole isisindo esisheshayo ngokushesha futhi afinyelele ijazi elimhlophe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama elivamile le-sea buckthorn (i-Hippophae) ngesiLatini lisho "ihhashi elikhanyayo".
Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane ze-sea buckthorn ensimini
Okulandelayo, sibheka izinambuzane eziyinhloko ze-sea buckthorn kanye nezindlela zokulwa nazo. Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 zezinambuzane ezilwandle. Okulimaza kakhulu kukhona i-aphid futhi ihamba. Okunye okuphawula ukuthi kukhona ama-thrips, amabhu, izibungu nezinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni, inyamazane, amagundane, amagundane nezinye izintonga nazo zidla ulwandle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zilimaza kakhulu.
Njengamanje, awekho ama-pesticides abhalisiwe noma ama-fungicides ngokumelene nezinambuzane ze-sea buckthorn. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abalimi nabalimi kumele bathembele kwezinye izinketho zokuphathwa kwezinambuzane ezihlanganisiwe. Kodwa-ke, amazwe amaningi emhlabeni aqhuba ngokucophelela ucwaningo ukuze athole impendulo yombuzo othi "Indlela yokubhubhisa izinambuzane ze-sea buckthorn?".
Sea isihlahla sivame ukuvuna
I-Sea buckthorn moth (i-Gelechia hippophaella) itholakala e-Italy, eRomania, e-UK, e-Ukraine. I-moth idla amaqabunga esitshalo sempi. Ama-larvae enambuzane angatholakala phakathi kwamaqabunga aphikisiwe olwandle olunamapunifomu ngoJuni noJulayi. Umzimba omncane wenkathazo unombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenhloko eluhlaza obomvu. Esikhathini sesigaba sokugcina, izibungu zine-pink tinge. I-Wingspan i-17-21 mm. 
Indlela engcono kakhulu yomzabalazo yindlela yokwelapha izihlahla ezinomfutho we-metaphos endaweni yokuhlushwa kwe-0.3% noma ukumiswa kwesidakamizwa se-biobiotic entobacterin (1%). Ukuphalaza kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sokumbali. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-chlorophos ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Kubalulekile! Kunezincomo eziningi ezibalulekile ezizovimbela izinambuzane ze-sea buckthorn kanye siza ukulwa nabo: ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo eziphikisana nezinambuzane; isifundo sokutshala izinto zokuba khona kwezifo noma izinambuzane; Ukuqapha kwensimu njalo yezinambuzane; ukuhlanza amanzi ensimini (ukususwa kwayo yonke imithombo engaba khona yokungcoliswa kwensimu); ukususwa kwezinsalela zezitshalo kanye nokhula; ukukhathazeka okuvamile ngempilo yesitshalo (ukudla okuvamile).
I-Sea buckthorn fly
I-Sea buckthorn fly iyinkinga eyingozi kunazo zonke ye-sea buckthorn. Lezi zinhlobo zifana kakhulu ne-cherry fly (European fly fly). Inyoni inamandla okubangela ukulimala okukhulu kwezitshalo eziningi zezithelo. I-Sea buckthorn fly inemvelaphi yase-Asia. Izimpungushe ze-fly fly zidla inyama yesithelo se-sea buckthorn. 
Ekulweni nalesi sikhwama, ukuvikelwa okuphezulu kunikezwa yi-chlorophos, i-roger, i-methyl nitrophos endaweni yokuhlushwa kwesisombululo sokusebenza esingu-0.2%, kanye ne-karbofos kanye nemithi (0.3%).
I-Sea buckthorn aphid
I-aphid ye-Sea buckthorn iyinambuzane ebomvu ekhanyayo enamehlo abomvu. Amagqabi angaphezu kwamasango emagatsheni aseduze nezinso. Maphakathi no-May, ama-aphid izimpungushe zisusa ijusi kusuka emaqabunga amancane. Amantombazane enza ama-coloni amasha kanye amasha nezinambuzane. Amaqabunga acatshangelwe aphenduka aphuzi, asebenze futhi agweke.
I-Aphid - enye yezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu nezingadi. Ukuze uvikele izitshalo, udinga ukwazi indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane ku-Kalina, iplamu, apula, currants, iklabishi, ukhukhamba.
Isilinganiso esiphuthumayo sokulwa nama-aphid e-sea buckthorn ochwepheshe bawabiza ngokuphathwa kwezinkuni ngesisombululo sesepha. Uma kwenzeka ukulimala kanzima, kuphakanyiswa ama-chemical agent, isibonelo, isisombululo se-karbofos engu-10%.
Kubalulekile! Ukulawulwa kokhula kuyisici esibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuvuthwa kwe-sea buckthorn engadini. Ama-sea buckthorn ahlamba ahlobene nawo ukuntuleka kokulawula ukhula olufanele engadini. Ukhula phakathi kwemigqa yamahlathi ukondla izinambuzane nezinye izinambuzane ezinemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezithombo. Ngokuvamile abalimi kufanele balwe nokhula iminyaka engama-4-5, kuze kube yilapho izihlahla zifinyelela ukuphakama okwanele ukuze ziphume emthunzini wokhula.
I-Gall mite
I-gall mite ingenye inkathazo encane ye-buckthorn yolwandle. Umzimba omncane u-fusiform, ophuzi obala obala. Ubude bomzimba kuphela ngo-0.25 mm kuphela. Bobabili abadala kanye nezibungu banezinhlangothi ezimbili zomzimba. I-sea buckthorn izibungu zonakalisa amaqabunga namaqabunga esihlahla. Emaqabunga abathintekayo, ukuvuvukala ububanzi buka-0.5 cm kwenzeka. Kunezikhawu ngaphakathi kwalezi zakhiwo. Umphumela wokubhujiswa kwalesi sifo kungaba ukufa kwesihlahla. 
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuyadingeka ukuba uphefute ngesisombululo se-nitrafen. Ngokusakazeka okuqinile kwenkathazo kuyodinga ukupakishwa kwe-karbofosom kokubili. Inyanga ngaphambi kokuqala kwamajikijolo avuthiwe kufanele ayeke ukucubungula.
Inundu ye-Peppered
I-moth iyinambuzane eluhlaza obomvu nemivimbo emide yesikhathi eside kanye namabala aphuzi emzimbeni. Umzimba mkhulu, ubude obude buyi-6 cm. I-parasite ivela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza futhi iyaqhubeka isondla emaqabunga asitshalo kuze kube sekuthomeni kwekwindla. Amanye amagatsha omuthi angavezwa ngokuphelele. Uma kwenzeka ukubhujiswa okukhulu kwesibhakabhaka esinomundu (amacimbi angu-70), kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezidingekayo. 
Ekulweni nalesi sifo sizosiza ekwindla nokukhipha inhlabathi. Ukufiphala kwe-insecticide kuyamukeleka.
Uyazi? I-Sea buckthorn ngokushesha iveza uhlelo olujulile lwezimpande, yingakho ludinga ukulwa nokuguguleka kwenhlabathi. A ngenxa yokuthi ikhono le-sea buckthorn likwazi ukulondoloza i-nitrogen nezinye izakhi emhlabathini, isitshalo kungabizwa ngokuthi "umlawuli wezemvelo" wemvelo womhlaba. Ngaphakathi amakhulu eminyakaAmaqabunga aphuphuthekile asetshenziswa ekudleni nasekudambiseni imithi eYurophu nase-Asia. Imithi yokwelashwa yabhalwa ngekhulu le-VIII emithi yeTibetan. Muva nje, isihlahla se-sea buckthorn sesibe ngumthombo wokudla okubalulekile futhi imithi izinto. Amajikijolo kanye nembewu yiwona mthombo oyinhloko walezi zinto. I-Sea buckthorn ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zesikhumba kanye namapheshana emathunjini. Kulezi amajikijolo zalesi sitshalo esibalulekile kukhona okunamandla okuqukethwe kwevithamini A, C, E, B1, B2, K, P kanye ne-flavonoids.Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi iningi lezindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvikela ukuvunwa kwe-sea buckthorn zigxile ikakhulukazi ekuvimbeleni ukusakazwa kwezifo kanye nenani labantu abanenkathazo ensimini. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ucabange ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukutheleleka ngezifo ezinobungozi kanye nezifo eziyingozi ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ukutshala izihlahla ngokuqondile.
