Amagundane asontekile kanye namahlamvu amacwecwe amatabernontontan ayethandekayo ngaphakathi kwabathintekayo abaqoqi bezithelo eziyingqayizivele bese beqala ukulimala. Lezi zitshalo ezivuthiwe zivuna ngokukhululekile unyaka wonke, ngakho-ke zincintisana ngokufanele emakethe yezitshalo zezimbali. Sizokutshela indlela yokuqothula nokukhula kwetabernontana ekhaya.
Uyazi? Lezimbali zathola igama layo elisemthethweni ngokuhlonipha umuntu owaziwa yilona uhlobo - udokotela waseJalimane uJacob Tabernemontus, ohlala emphakathini waseJalimane ubizwa ngokuthi "ubaba we-botany".
I-Tabernemontana: Imininingwane Ejwayelekile
Endle, ama-tabernaemontana inflorescences (tabernaemontana) amahle angabonakala ezindaweni ezingasogwini ezisezindaweni ezisentshonalanga nasezindaweni ezishisayo ezingaseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eMelika nase-Afrika. Ama-botanists anikezela isiko emakhayeni ase-Kutrov ahlala njalo. Ezimweni ezifudumele, imbali iyalinywa njengesitshalo se-potted.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ikhula ngokuphakama kuze kube ngamamitha owodwa nengxenye, ineziqu ezinamandla ezinama-lignified.
Amaqabunga e-leathery akhula aphikisana, ubheke ukuhlobisa kakhulu ngenxa yobuso obukhanyayo kanye nemifino ecacile, evame ukuphakanyiswa ngaphezu kombala wombala we-spectrum eluhlaza. Ziyi-oblong ngesimiso ngezinhloso ezikhomba, u-9 kuya ku-25 cm ubude. Ama-inflorescences awayeki ukuvela; ayisihlangu esiyinkimbinkimbi ngobuningi befihlekile. Kuye ngohlobo lwenombolo yabo kuhluka kusuka ezicucu ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-20. I-Tabernemontana izimbali ezilingana zifinyelela ku-6 cm. Ziyi-double futhi elula, emhlophe noma enemibala ekhanda ngephunga elimnandi. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, i-ovary yakha, esikhundleni sayo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isithelo sibonakala ngeshidi lephepha elikhulu elinembewu.
Isakazwa yizinhlobo nezindlela zokusika. Amasiko aqinile, kulula ukulondoloza, kunezindlela ezithile zobuchwepheshe bokulima, esizoxoxa ngezansi. Ngokuba imvelo ayinobuthi.
Uyazi? Emiphakathini yasempumalanga, izimpande kanye neziqongqo zamabernemontan zisetshenziswa njenge-antipyretic, expectorant, ne-astringent, kanti isitshalo sithathwe emuthi wezifo zeso.
Izinhlobo zasekhaya zamatabernontontan
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 zamabernemontan, emasikweni awo akancane kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi ethandwa kakhulu nabalimi balezimbali banamuhla:
- I-Tabernemontana divaricata - ihluke umqhele omningi ohlangene ngamaqabunga amakhulu ombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nama-inflorescences amakhulu amhlophe. Amafihlethi akhiwa kusukela emagumbini amahlanu ngamaphethelo anonakele. Iphunga elimnandi lezimbali liyathuthukiswa kusihlwa nasebusuku. Izithelo ziluhlaza obomvu obunzima nge-orange core.
- I-Tabernemontana ikhiqiza - i-medium-shrub eneziqabunga ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo ezinombala obomvu okhanyayo kanye nezingqimba ezimhlophe ze-inflorescences eziqukethe izimbali ezinkulu ezinemizuzu emibili enephunga elimnandi.
- I-Tabernemontana iyinhle - isihlahla esincane esinomsindo oqothukayo wezimbali ezinhlanu-ze-petal ezingekho ezimbili.
- I-Tabernemontana holst - lezi zinhlobo ezingavamile zihlukaniswa ngamapulangwe asemaphandleni asemhlophe ezimbali ezimhlophe, ezifana nesimo se-propeller.
- I-Tabernemontana Sanango - inesithakazelo emagumbini ayo, afinyelela ubude buka-30 cm, nezithelo ezidliwayo.
- U-Amsonia Tabernemontana - ubheka ukuhlobisa kakhulu ngenxa ye-inflorescences eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama.
- I-Tabernemontana variegata - uhlobo lwezilwane olumelelwe izinhlobo ezahlukene ezihlukahlukene.
Kubalulekile! Ibhodlela elinamabernakele eliqhakazayo alikwazi ukushintshaniswa. Lokhu kungaholela ekuchithweni kwangaphambi kwe-inflorescences.
Izimo ezifanele zokukhula endlini
Isivakashi seThermophilic, esisodwa endlini, asidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokunakekelwa. Ukuze kukhule futhi kuthambile, kudinga umswakama, ukukhanya nokushisa.
Ukukhanyisa
Ukuze i-shrub ikwandise umqhele wayo ovumelanisiwe, ifuna ukukhanya okukhanyayo okungafani. Uthanda ilanga, kodwa uyesaba ilanga eliqondile. Imbali engahloniphekile iyokhula kunoma yiliphi i-sill window, kodwa lizokhululeka kakhulu empumalanga naseningizimu.
Uzoba nesithakazelo sokwazi izici zokulima nokunye okuvuthiwe, okufana negumbi le-thuja, i-fir, i-kupressotsiparis, i-cypress, umjunipha wase-Chinese.Uma kukhona ukukhanya okuningi ekamelweni, kuphakanyiswa ukusebenzisa ifasitela Ukubeka ibhodlela endaweni engasenyakatho, uzomnciphisa ithuba lokuqhakaza kakhulu. Khumbula ukuthi emazweni abo asezindaweni ezishisayo amazwe ashisayo akasoze alahlekelwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya. Ukuze unikeze lezi zimo efulethini umgomo oyinhloko wezitshalo.
Ukushisa
Njengoba kunikezwe izimo zesimo sezulu ekhaya lethempelontana, kudinga ukudala induduzo ezingeni lama-20 ° C ekhaya. Ebusika, amazinga okushisa angadonsa afike ku-15 ° C. I-Hypothermia pot izoba nomthelela ngokuqondile ekuhloleni kwayo. Ehlobo, i-thermometer ingakhuphukela ku-22 ° C, kodwa hhayi, ngoba imbali izwa kabi lapho kushisa. Ukukhokhela umoya oshisayo kakhulu kuzosiza umswakama obuningi.
Amanzi okushisa ehlobo e-balcony azosiza isiko, futhi uma kungenzeka, imbiza kufanele ifakwe engadini. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo kufanele sivikelwe kusuka ezikhwameni ezivela emagodini avulekile.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukususa umswakama okweqile ku-pallet ye-tray ne-tabernemontana ukuvimbela ukubola kwesistimu.
Indlela yokunakekela ekhaya
Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko kwezihlahla kukhona ukukhipha isikhathi somoya nomhlabathi ebhodweni, futhi ukwakheka kwe-substrate kubalulekile ukucubungula. Cabanga yonke imininingwane ngokulandelana.
Ukunisela
Ibhodlela elithandayo lokuswakama libaluleke kakhulu izinga elifanele lokuswakama ekamelweni, ngakho-ke inqubo yamanzi kufanele ithathwe ngokungathí sina. 
I-Tabernemontana ayikwazi ukusinda ngisho nesomiso esifushane. I-clod yodaka ebhodweni lakhe kufanele kuphela yome ingxenye, futhi ngokushesha lokhu kwenzeka, sidinga ingxenye elandelayo yamanzi. Esikhathini esishisayo, masonto onke sinikeza isiqephu esivamile esiyinkimbinkimbi ngamanzi okunisela 2-3, kanti ebusika omunye uzokwanela. Vikela amanzi kusengaphambili futhi uqiniseke ukuthi awubanda.
Umswakama womoya
Ukuphuza isitshalo yedwa akusijabulisi. Umoya omile endlini uzoboniswa emaqabunga, ngisho noma kukhona amanzi ebhodweni. Imbali idinga ukunyuka kwamanzi, njengokomoya ophefumulayo, futhi kuzodingeka uwufake ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka ehlathini elihle. Ehlobo, inqubo iphakanyiswa ukuba iphindwe izikhathi ezintathu ngesonto, ukuyibeka ngezikhathi ezithile ngewashi, futhi ebusika ungenza ukuchelela okulodwa kuphela ngezinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwe-gatsaniya, i-freesia, i-cynia, igumbi lama-balsamic, ukuguqulwa ebhodweni, i-chrysanthemum, i-sage.Abanye abesifazana bayelulekwa ukuba basule amaqabunga ngesiponji esincane, nakuba le ndlela yokugcoba ingozi kakhulu - isiponji esibi kakhulu sizoshiya izindawo ezimbi emifuleni emva kwayo, ikakhulukazi ngokuqondene nezintambo ze-tavern zezinhlobo ze-terry.
Umhlabathi nokugqoka
Ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwesimiso, futhi ngokufanele umqhele, kuzohlinzekwa yizinto ezikhanyayo, ezinomswakama-ezithengiswayo, ezingenakunyakaziswa ezinomsoco owanele kanye ne-acidity emnene. 
Okufanelekile, izinga le-pH akumele lidlulele ku-4.5-5.5. Uma uhlwanyela ihlumela, inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ilungiswa kusuka ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo zesihlabathi somfula, i-humus, i-peat enzima, nomhlabathi we-coniferous. Izingxube ze-azaleas nezithelo ze-citrus zizofaneleka emhlabathini owathengiwe we-tabernemontane, kodwa kumele kube yingxenye ehlanjululwa ngesanti.
Njengoba isiko sithanda kakhulu umswakama, ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kwamanzi nezifo eziqothule izimpande, umfula unesibopho embizeni. Yenziwe ngodaka olwandisiwe, olugcwalisa ingxenye yesine yetanki. Njalo inyanga, umhlaba ufuna i-oxydation eyengeziwe. Kuze kube sekugcineni, lapho utshela isitshalo, engeza amaconsi ambalwa kalamula noma 2-3 amakhekhe e-citric acid emanzini.
Ukuze izimbali zomnyaka zingabonakali shrub, kabili ngenyanga kumele kudliwe ngamaminerali amaminerali azinkimbinkimbi zezimbali. Idumela elingenakuqhathaniswa ngezindlela: "Pocon", "Florovit", "Etisso", "Bona Forte". Ukukhula okukhulu kwe-biomass kuzosiza ekwenzeni i-nitrogen equkethe i- "Emerald".
Kubalulekile! Ebusika nasekwindla, i-tabernemontane ayidingi ukudliwa.
Imithetho yokuguqula
Amakhophi amancane ematabernontontans adinga ukufakelwa okuvamile. Ngenxa yokukhula okusebenzayo konyaka bangaba ngu-2-3. Ummbila ovuthiwe uzodinga le nqubo njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ukuze uphinde uvuselele, amanzi amanzi, i-substrate kanye nembiza ayadingeka amamentimitha ambalwa ngaphezu kwesidlule esingaphakathi. 
Ngokwesiko, lesi sitshalo kufanele sithululwe ngokweqile, futhi uma umswakama ususwe, gxuma ibhola lobumba ndawonye nesihlahla. Akunjalo akudingeki ukuba unyakaze umhlabathi omdala futhi unciphise i-rhizome. I-tuber ifakwa emathonjeni amasha ngenxa yokugeleza futhi igcwele inhlabathi entsha, iphuziswa.
Ukukhiqizwa ekhaya
Ukukhula itabernontana elisha lehlathi kungaba isithombo noma imbewu. Ikhetho lokugcina likhethwa yizitshalo ze-botanists, ngoba akusiyo njalo ephumelelayo, kodwa kunoma yikuphi okudinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo. Omunye umphumela ongajabulisayo wendlela yokuhlwanyela imbewu - izibonelo ezikhulile, njengomthetho, zilahlekelwa izici zazo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yezimo zasekhaya, indlela efanele kakhulu iyindlela yokusika.
I-Tabernemontana enokukhiqiza okunjalo izodla ifa zonke izimfanelo zobunikazi, futhi ukuvuthwa kuyoba khona ngesikhathi esifushane. Ukuze uthole ihlumela elifunayo, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, usike ukusika okungamamitha angu-10 ngamabili amaqabunga amaqabunga ngesitshalo sempilo enempilo enomzimba.
Kubalulekile! Indawo yesikhafu ngesikhathi sokusakazwa kufanele kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi ukuze i-juicy milice eyimfihlo ingavali izitsha zegciwane.
Uma isiqu sizogxila emanzini, sibeke emgodini wezitha wamanzi afudumele afudumele nge-addition of carbon activated carbon. Uma ufuna izimpande zikhule ngokushesha ku-substrate, lungiselela ingxube yezingxenye ezilinganayo zesanti ne-peat, uthele ibe yitshalo epulasitiki ene-lid. 
Kuzo zonke izimo, umphumela wokushisa ozobamba ukushisa uzosiza ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwempande. Izakhiwo zokumboza kuzodingeka zisuswe ngezikhathi ezithile, zenze i-microclimate ekhona nge-oxygen. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukukhula kwe-cuttings kuzothatha ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 kuya kwezi-2.
Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane nezifo
Ngeshwa, i-tabernemontana inomthelela kakhulu ezinambuzaneni eziyingozi, ngenxa yomsebenzi obalulekile amaqabunga aphendukile, izimbali ziyawa, isihlahla sibukeka singapheli. Ukondla ngamanzi ale-tropical exotica kuthandwa yizinambuzane, i-mealybug, i-aphid, izinambuzane ezincane, i-whitefly. Ama-insecticide azosiza ukuqeda ama-parasites ancelisayo ("Aktara", "Bi-58 New", "Fufanon").
Phakathi kwezifo ngokuvamile isitshalo sithinta i-chlorosis. Kunconywa ukulwa nale nkinga ngezikhathi ezithile ukhiqiza inhlabathi ebhodweni (lokhu kwenziwa futhi ngezinhloso zokuvimbela), futhi kuzodingeka futhi ukuba uhlakaze isihlahla ngesisombululo se-iron sulphate noma u-Emerald.
Uyazi? Ehlangothini elingaphakathi lamaqabunga, amaconsi amancane amhlophe ayabonakala, ekugcineni aphuzi. Ungazidibanisi nezinambuzane. Lokhu kuyimfihlakalo eyakhiwe yizicucu zeqabunga lamaqabunga ngenxa yokunisela okukhululekile kanye nezinguquko ngokuzumayo kokushisa..
Kodwa khumbula, izifo kanye nezinambuzane ezinambuzane zivela ngezindlela ezingafanele zokulima. Hlola njalo ngokucophelela amaqabunga ebhodweni - bayokutshela ukuthi uhlala kanjani nawe. Uma imbangela yokuphoqa ayihlaseli izinambuzane, kufanelekile ukubukeza imodi yokunisela nokuhlunga umoya. 
Ngokuntuleka komswakama, ukugcoba kwamagundane nokuwachitha ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali kungenzeka. Izihlumela ezinamafutha kanye namagatsha aphuzi zikhala kuwe ngokukhanya okuncane. Isizathu sokuthuthukiswa okuncane kwembali singafakwa embizeni futhi sibonakaliswe ngendlela yokubola kwezimpande. Kulokhu, isitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo ngokususwa kwazo zonke izingxenye ezithathelwanayo.
