I-Akebia isitshalo esingajwayelekile esinezimpahla ezinhle ze-inflorescences. Le liana elihuquzelayo lihlala eMpumalanga Asia, esimeni sezulu esipholile saseChina, Korea naseJapan. Ukhula kahle eCrimea, eCaucasus naseningizimu yeYurophu. Yize lesi sitshalo singakatholi ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi, kwehluka ngobuningi bezinto ezinhle ezisebenzayo, ngakho-ke, kufanele ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Incazelo
Ama-Akebia angawomndeni wakwaLardizobalov. Lesi sitshalo esihlala njalo esimweni sezulu esifudumele siyakwazi ukuhlala silokhu sinjalo. Isiqu esibushelelezi ngonyaka wokuqala sipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani nompinki, kepha sithola umbala onsundu noma onsomi njengoba uqina. Ingxenye yesiphambano sesiqu iyindilinga; imbozwe ngamaqabunga ajwayelekile ajwayelekile ku-petioles ende. I-Liana ngonyaka inyuka ngobude, ukukhula ngonyaka kuya ku-1 kuye ku-3. Ubukhulu be-3-6 m bubhekwa njengobuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwezimpande luba namandla kakhulu (futhi idinga ukufakelwa), futhi isisekelo sesiqu asisebenzi.
Amaqabunga aphundwe kathathu noma amahlanu angena ngesimo se-rosette ahlelwe ku-petiole ehlukene ubude obungu-6-10 cm. Imifino iqhakazile - imnyama kusuka phezulu, ilula kusuka ngaphansi. Ingaphezulu lepuleti leshidi liyacwebezela. Ipheshana elihlukile linesimo esibelethweni esinomphetho okhomba. Ubude beshidi yi-3-5 cm, futhi ububanzi buyi-1.5-3 cm.
Maphakathi nentwasahlobo, kuqhuma ama-liana futhi kuyaqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingadi igcwele iphunga elimnandi likashokholethi nekhofi, lapho lesi sitshalo sathola igama lesibili elithi "chocolate liana". Imbali ngayinye ine-peduncle ehlukile, kepha yonke iqoqwe ngama-inflorescence amakhulu ahamba. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwakhiwa izimbali ezihlukile kobulili obuhlukile:
- Okwabesilisa Zitholakala eduze nesiqu ngenani lezingcezu ezingama-4-9 nge-inflorescence ngayinye. Ama-buds amakhudlwana, anombala onsomi, anombala wesithupha. Ububanzi bentyatyambo bufika ku-3 cm.
- Kwabesifazane Kancane, kunsomi onsomi. Kwi-inflorescence eyodwa, kuphela izimbali ezingama-2-3 ezakhiwa ngamaqanda obukhulu phakathi nendawo.
NgoSepthemba, izithelo ziqala ukubonakala zivuthwa ngokuphelele maphakathi no-Okthoba. Ukuthatha izithelo akuvamile ngenxa yokuvunyelwa okunzima. Lapho ikhule kuvulandi, kungenzeka ingenzeki. Izithelo bukhulu bukhulu (amamitha ayi-6,5) obunjwe obumbozwe. I-peel icwebezelwe, sengathi imbozwe nge-wax, futhi iminyene. Umbala wezithelo ezivuthiwe upinki-onsomi. I-pulp inamakha futhi inoshukela, iyadliwa. Inambitha njengama-raspberries, futhi iphunga njengoshokoledi. Engxenyeni ephakathi kukhona imbewu eningi emnyama egxililelwe epulpiti.
Izinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo ezi-6 kuhlobo lwe-Akebia, kepha zimbili kuphela ezisetshenziswa engadini. Okudumile kakhulu kwakuyi-akebia enamaqabunga amahlanu noma ayisihlanu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwakheka kweqabunga, lapho kubekwa khona amapheshana amahlanu ahlukanisiwe ku-petiole ejwayelekile enjengokwesihlanu. Amaqabunga amancane afinyelela ku-5 cm ubude nama-3 cm ububanzi atholakala kwisiqu eside 10 cm ngosayizi.
Le nhlobonhlobo isatshalaliswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi namuhla itholakala ngisho nase-Australia naseNyakatho Melika. Isihlahla esinje se-liana sinjengeziqu ezibushelelezi ezinezimbali ezinde ezinde, sikhula ngobude obungaphezu kwamamitha ama-3. Simbozwe kakhulu ngezimbali kulo lonke ubude, kepha kuyaqabukela sithela izithelo.
Izimbali ze-bisexual ziqoqwa ngebhulashi kumendo omncane. I-bud inezikhala ezintathu ezinzima, ezivulekile zesimo esiyindilinga. Izimbali zabesilisa zikhulu, zipinki noma zilac, nezimbali zabesifazane (onsomi noma i-violet) zincane futhi zitholakala ekugcineni kwe-inflorescence. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngo-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti, izithelo zivela ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba.
Elesibili lidume kakhulu i-akebia trefoil. Unamapheshana amathathu abushelelezi kuphela ku-petiole. Amapuleti amaqabunga acinene, acwebezelayo, mnyama ngaphezulu. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga kukhona ama-wavy, akuqabile aqoshwe. Le nhlobonhlobo ikhula ngokushesha, ubukhulu bayo bungamamitha ayi-7-8. Ephupheni lezimbali ngaphezu kwamanothi ekhofi akhipha iphunga lesinamoni. Izithelo ziphakeme ngokwedlulele (cishe ubude be-8-9 cm), kuthi lokhu okuhlukahlukene kubizwe ngokuthi "ubhanana oblue".
Ukuzala
I-Akebia isatshalaliswa ngembewu nangezindlela zokusakazisa. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvunwa ukuze ingalahlekelwa ukuqhuma. Kwenze ekwindla ngamabhodwe amancane enhlabathi enesihlabathi esikhanyayo. Ama-Shots avela ndawonye, kepha hhayi ngokushesha (kuze kube izinyanga ezi-3). Imbewu ijule kancane enhlabathini (ngo-5 mm) ifafazwe nomhlaba. Izitsha zimbozwe ngefilimu noma ngengilazi futhi zigcinwa egumbini elipholile. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokuhluma lingu + 15 ° C. Imbewu eqinile idluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni, lapho ingozi yokupholisa ebusuku isidlulile ngokuphelele.
Ingasetshenziswa ukusabalalisa iziqu zeziqu ezinamatshe. Zisikwa phakathi nayo yonke inkathi yemifino futhi zibekwe engxenyeni engaphezulu kwesihlabathi embizeni. Ingadi itshalwa kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo.
Indlela elula yokuzala ibhekwa njenge-layering. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ingxenye yesiqu ibunjiwe, ayihlukanisi nesitshalo esikhulu. Ngokuqala kwempande, ihlumela linqunywa emvinini kamama futhi litshalwe endaweni entsha. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, i-acebia encane izoqina ngokwanele ebusika obusika.
Ukukhula
Ukuze zifike, zikhetha indawo enelanga elangeni. Kulokhu, i-liana izosakazwa ngezimbali eziningi, kanti endaweni enomthunzi kuvela amahlumela aluhlaza. Inhlabathi kumele ibe lula futhi inyulwe kahle. Ngokutshala, kumbiwa umgodi ongashoni, ombozwe ngezinto ezi-organic (i-peat, utshani obomile, amahlamvu kanye nenani elincane le-humus) kwinhlanganisela nesihlabathi. Ngemuva kokutshala, umhlaba unyathelwa ngokucophelela futhi uniselwa ngamanzi afudumele. Ukunisela kuyadingeka njalo ukuze izimpande zingashi.
Iziqu zesitshalo esisha ziyavumelana nezimo, ngakho-ke, zidinga ukusekelwa, amahlumela amancane ancipha. I-Akebia idinga ukuthambisa kaningi, kepha ayikubekezeleli ukunyakaziswa kwamanzi. Ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuqhakaza, umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali kumele usetshenziswe njalo ngenyanga.
Ebusika, i-liana ibekezelela iqhwa elincanyana, ikakhulukazi phambi kweqhwa. Ukuze uvikele ekuqothulweni kweqhwa nomswakama ngokweqile, lesi sitshalo simbozwe nge-agrofibre nefilimu.
I-Chocolate liana ilungele ukukhula kumashubhu namabhodwe. Kulesi simo, kufanele sithathelwe indawo njalo ngonyaka, sithathe ibhodwe elikhudlwana njengoba ama-rhizomes ekhula. Phina iziqu ezinde kakhulu noma usike entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvuvuka. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, izinga lokushisa likhululekile esitshalweni ngu-+ 10 ° C. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukugqoka okuphezulu akwenziwa futhi ukuthambisa kuyancishiswa.
Ukuba yisinambuzane esingokwemvelo, i-liana ayesabi izimuncagazi, kodwa futhi ivikela nezinambuzane ezisolayo zasendlini. Uma isitshalo sitholakala ezindaweni ezimanzi, ukubola noma isikhunta kungathinteka. Kulokhu, amaqabunga anama-oval whitish amabala nengxenye yamahlumela kufanele asikwe futhi ashiswe.
Sebenzisa
I-Akebia ilungele ukusetshenziswa ekubonweni kwemvelo, kanye nasekuhlobiseni uthango, ukwakhiwa, imigwaqo emikhulu kanye nemigwaqo emikhulu. Izimpande zalo ezihlanzekile zinikeza isithunzi esimnandi. Sebenzisa i-liana ekubonweni kwezindawo zokuma komhlaba namamakholoni. Kubukeka kumangalisa eduze kwezimbali eziqhakaza izimbali nezotshani obunamanzi, kanye neminye imivini. Imvamisa itshalwa ezinkampanini ezine-hydrangea, honeysuckle, hosta, umhlonyane, i-Rhododendrons, amakhasi
Ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zokuhlobisa, i-liana litholile ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho okusebenzayo. Kusuka obhasikidi bawo obuswa ngamatshe, ngisho nefenisha yengadi. Izithelo ezihlwabusayo nezishukela zisetshenziselwa i-dessert, kanti itiye eliqinisayo liyakhiwa kusuka emaqabungeni nasemaqandeni. Futhi, amaqabunga omisiwe asetshenziswa njengokuthakasela izitsha zenyama nezinhlanzi. Emithini yokwelapha, umhluzi we-diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic ne-analgesic wenziwe nge-acebia.
