UFerocactus wehluke kakhulu. Zingaba zinde futhi zizungeze, ezinkulu nezincane, ziqhakaze noma zingasebenzi. Isici esingahlukaniyo sohlobo oluhle ezinemibala eminingi enemibala ehlukahlukene. Kungenxa yazo ukuthi abatshali bezimbali banquma ukuthenga i-Ferocactus. Ama-Ferocactus esithombeni abukeka kahle, ngesimo sokusakazwa kwamabhola amancane noma isiqhwaga esisodwa sangempela. Izitshalo ezincane ziyashintsha kancane kancane zibe imidondoshiya yangempela yasekhaya. Bahlala endaweni ephakathi nendawo egumbini futhi badume ngomlingiswa wabo ongenakuzithoba.
Incazelo yezitshalo
UFerocactus ungumbusi waphakade ovela emndenini wakwaCactus. Ikhula ezindaweni eziwugwadule zaseMexico naseNingizimu Melika. Isitshalo sinezimpande ezimhlophe ezimhlophe. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-rhizome itholakala ekujuleni kwama-3-20 cm. Isiqu esinamanzi sinomumo oyindilinga noma oblong. Imbozwe ngesikhumba esiminyene, esikhanyayo sohlaza okotshani obumnyama noma obhulowu.
Izitshalo eziningi zakha isiqu esisodwa kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-4 ukuphakama kuze kube ngama-80 cm. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezinamandla nazo zitholakala, zakha amakoloni wonke. Phezu kwesiqu kukhona izimbambo ezithe mpo kanye nengxenye enxantathu. Ama-Flat areoles asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo emaphethelweni wonke. Zimbozwe nge-whesish pubescence futhi ziqukethe yonke inqwaba yezinaliti ezibukhali. Eduze kwe-apex, inani le-fluff landa kakhulu. Ngaphezulu phezulu ingcindezi encane ethambile.
Kunezinaliti ezifika ku-13 eziboshwe ku-areola. Eminye imizimba imincanyana, kanti eminye inesisekelo esibanzi, esithambile. Ubude be-spines bungaphakathi kwe-1-13 cm.
Isikhathi sezimbali ze-Ferocactus cacti siwa ezinyangeni zasehlobo. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobonhlobo zasendlini akuvamile ukuzijabulisa okuphathelene nezimbali. Kukholakala ukuthi isitshalo esidala sokuqhakaza siqhakaza kusuka ku-25 cm. Ama-buds wezimbali akhiwa ezinhlangothini zesiqu noma kwi-apex yaso. Banombhobho omfushane onesikali esiningi. Amacembe we-Oblong akha i-corolla elula yezimbali ophuzi, ukhilimu noma opinki. Umgogodla ophuzi wezimbali uqukethe ama-anther amaningi nama-ovari amaningi.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kwakheka izithelo ezi-oval ezinomhlana, isikhumba esibushelelezi siyakhiwa. Esihlelweni esiphundu se-juicy kukhona imbewu emnyama ecwebezelayo.
Izinhlobo zeFerocactus
Kuhlobo lwe-Ferocactus, izinhlobo ezingama-36 zibhalisiwe. Iningi lazo zingatholakala emasikweni.
UFerocactus Wislisen. Isitshalo sihlaba umxhwele ngosayizi. Isiqu saso esiyindilinga esisodwa noma esisezingeni eliphakeme sikhula sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama. Esiqwini kunemibambo efinyelela ku-25 efakiwe, ephakeme. Izihlakala zezinaliti ezinsundu ezilingana no-5 cm ubude zitholakala kuma-areno angavamile.Iqembu ngalinye lemikhondo liqukethe mncane futhi liqonde, kanye nama-spine ama-1-2 agqinsi, asontekile okhethi obomvu noma onsundu. Izimbali eziphuzi noma ezibomvu ezinobubanzi obuyi-5 cm ezine-tube 4-6 cm ubude zihlelwe ngendlela yomqhele engxenyeni engenhla yesiqu. Esikhundleni sezimbali, izithelo ezi-ophuzi ezi-3-5 cm ubude zivuthwe.
I-Ferocactus Emory. Isiqu esimnyama esiluhlaza sesitshalo esisha sinokwakheka okuyindilinga, kodwa kancane kancane size sibe ukuphakama ngamamitha ayi-2. Ameva amade, aminyene futhi agobile kancane apendwe ngombala omhlophe, opinki noma obomvu. Izimbali eziphinki ophuzi ezine ububanzi ka-4-6 cm zihlelwe ngamaqembu phezulu kwesiqu. Ubude bezithelo ze-ovoid eziphuzi ngu-3-5 cm.
I-Ferocactus latispinus noma inaliti ebanzi. Isitshalo sinesiqu esiluhlaza cylindrical oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esinezimbambo ezincanyana neziphezulu. Ububanzi besiqu singamasentimitha angama-30 kuya kwengama-40. Izibanzi ezibanzi ziqoqwa kuzinqwaba zama-radial bese zipendwe ngombala omhlophe noma opinki. Izinaliti eziningana zikhuluphala futhi zithambile. Ziqondiswe ngokuqinile ezenzakalelayo. Kwindlela enjalo engajwayelekile yomgogodla, le cactus ibizwa ngokuthi "ulimi lwedamu." Phezulu kuneqembu lemicu eminingi ebomvu noma e-nsomi. Ububanzi bensimbi ye-tubular buyi-5 cm.
Ferocactus horridus. Luhlaza okomnyama onesisekelo esiphuzi, isiqu sinesimo esiyindilinga noma sombala. Ukuphakama kwawo okuphezulu kungu-1 m futhi ububanzi bawo bungamasentimitha angama-30. Kufika ku-13 izimbambo ezibukhali, ezinomoya ombozwe kancane zimbozwe izigaxa ezingavamile zemikhakha emifushane. Izinaliti ezi-8-12 ezimhlophe eziqondile zitholakala ngokugqamile, futhi maphakathi nendawo kukhona ukukhula okuningana kwezimbali ezibomvu noma ezi-burgundy eziyi-8-12 cm ubude.
I-Ferocactus histrix. Isiqu esiyindilinga simbozwe ngesikhumba esiluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza okotshani. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo esidala kungamasentimitha angama-50-70. Ububanzi nezimbambo eziphakeme zitholakala ngokuqinile ngokuthe nkqo. Zimbozwe ama-areoles angavamile ngezinaliti ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi. Kufika emaxelini emisebe emisebeni ekhula ibe ngu-2-3 cm ubude. Maphakathi ne-areola, kunezimbali ezingama-2-3 ezibomvana obomvu obude obufika ku-6 cm. Izimbali ezinjengombala obomvana obukhulu obufika ku-5 cm ngeshubhu 3-4 cm ubude zitholakala phezulu kwesiqu. Kubonakala sengathi asemcamelweni othambile wenqwaba. Izithelo ezinde eziphuzi kuze kufike ku-2 cm ubude zingadliwa. I-pulp iqukethe imbewu emnyama ye-matte.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukusabalalisa imbewu ye-cactus, okokuqala kufanele uzithambise usuku ngosuku emanzini afudumele. Umhlabathi we-cacti uxubene nesihlabathi esiningi. Ingxube iyabulala amagciwane futhi inyiswe. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekujuleni kuka-5 mm. Imbiza imbozwe ngefilimu futhi ishiywe egumbini eliqhakazile lokushisa lika-23 ... +28 ° C. Zonke izinsuku abamba ukushisa kuyasakazwa futhi umswakama. Amahlumela avela kungakapheli amasonto angama-3-4. Ngemuva kokuhluma kwembewu, ifilimu iyasuswa. Eminyakeni yamaviki ama-2-3, izithombo zingadluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile.
Ukusika kusikwa ezinqubweni ze-lateral zezitshalo ezindala. Indawo yokusikwa ifafazwa ngomlotha noma ngokuvuselelwa kwekhabhoni futhi yomiswe emoyeni izinsuku ezingama-3-4. Ngokutshala, sebenzisa ingxube yesihlabathi ngamalahle. Umhlabathi umanzi kancane bese okusitshiwe kutyalwe. Imbiza enezithombo imbozwe nge-foil noma ngamathini. Ngemuva kokubamba imbambo, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa bese izitshalo zitshalwa ngokwahlukana.
Imithetho Yokudlulisa
UFerocactus uyatshalwa njengoba inhlamvu ikhula. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa entwasahlobo njalo eminyakeni engama-2-4. Ngokutshala, sebenzisa ububanzi obanzi, kodwa hhayi izimbiza ezijulile kakhulu ezinezimbobo ezinkulu. Phansi ubeke ungqimba lwamanzi. Umhlabathi kumele ube acidic kancane, uphefumule. Ungenza ingxube ka:
- ama-sand sand noma ama-sand sand;
- inhlabathi enodaka;
- amatshe amatshe
- inhlabathi eshidi;
- namalahle.
Izici Zokunakekela
Ukunakekela i-ferocactus ekhaya kubandakanya ukukhethwa kwendawo ekhanyayo neyifudumele. Isikhathi sasemini kufanele sithathe okungenani amahora ayi-12 unyaka wonke. Kukhethwa imisebe yelanga eqondile nama-sill aseningizimu. Ngezinsuku ezinamafu nobusika, kunconywa ukusetshenziswa kwe-backlighting.
Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaba ku-+40 ... +35 ° C. Ebusika, i-cactus idinga ukuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe okupholile ku- + 10 ... +15 ° C. Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okuningiliziwe nsuku zonke kanye nezinhlaka ezingaphelele kungaholela ezifweni zesitshalo.
I-Ferocactus idinga ukuthambisa okuningi ngamanzi athambileko avikelekile. Phakathi kokunisela, inhlabathi kufanele yome kahle. Ebusika, umhlaba ususwakanyiswe isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ngenyanga. Umoya omile akuyona inkinga yesitshalo. Akudingi ukufafazwa, kepha kungabekezelela ukugeza okufudumele, okufudumele.
Ukondla i-Ferocactus ekhula ezweni elivundile akudingekile. Lapho ukhule enhlabathini ewohlokile, ungasondla isitshalo. Ngenkathi efudumele, uhhafu noma ingxenye yesithathu yengxenye yomanyolo we cacti usetshenziswa kanye ngenyanga.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona
I-Ferocactus ngokunisela ngokweqile kanye nesifutho esibandayo esibucayi ingahlushwa ukubola kwezimpande nezinye izifo zokukhunta. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukusindisa isitshalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlala unamathela irejimeni efanele.
Kwesinye isikhathi ama-aphid angatholakala esitshalweni. Ukuwasha izinambuzane kuyinkinga ngenxa yemithambo eminyene, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusheshe sifafaze iziqu ngesibulala magciwane esisebenzayo.
