I-Acorus isitshalo esinezimbali herbaceous esingowomndeni wama-araic (Acoraceae). Ibizwa nangokuthi yi-grassy magazus noma i-gramineus. Lasakazeka emhlabeni wonke lisuka e-East Asia (Japan nase-Indochina). Kutholakala kulo lonke i-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika. Lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi egcwala amanzi, ngakho-ke abathandi be-aquarium bayazwelana nayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokucwiliswa njalo emanzini, i-corus ishintsha ibhalansi ye-aquarium futhi ilahlekelwe yindawo yayo yokuhlobisa.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-acorus ingatholakala eCaucasus, eCentral naseMpumalanga ye-Asia, kanye naseSiberia. Ukhetha inhlabathi enodaka eduze nemifudlana noma imizimba yamanzi entsha. Imvamisa yakha amathikithi aminyene eduze kwamaxhaphozi.
I-Acorus yinqwaba lamaqabunga amancanyana akhula esuka emhlabathini eziqhingini ezincane. Ukuhlolwa okusondele kwembula isithombe esibonisa ukwakheka kwamahlamvu fan. Ubude bamaqabunga esikweni bungafinyelela ku-40 cm, futhi ububanzi abudluli ku-5 cm. Endle, kunezimo lapho i-gangus ikhuphukile ngo-1-1.5 m. Amapuleti e-Leaf ayindawo ephakeme enobuso obunzima, obuqinile. Ziyahlukahluka ngemithunzi eluhlaza egcwele, kwesinye isikhathi kuba nemicu emhlophe noma ephuzi emide.
I-rhizome yotshani i-cocus ihlotshisiwe, iyabuna, ngamahlumela amaningi. Kwezinye izindawo, ubukhulu bezimpande bungaba ngu-4 cm.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza (kusuka ngoMeyi kuze kube nguJulayi), kukhiqizwa i-inflorescence ngesimo secwecwe elincane elingavundulwanga elinesimbali esincane siphuzi neziluhlaza. Ngesikhathi sonyaka, izithelo akuvamile ukuba nesikhathi sokuvuthwa ezinhlinini zethu, ngakho-ke, ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngokuhlukanisa impande.
Izinhlobo
AmaBotanists ahlukanisa cishe izinhlobo eziyisithupha zekabhoramu, kepha imbalwa kuphela yazo evame ukutholakala emasikweni.
I-Acorus magazus (imashi noma evamile). Luhlobo lwangempela lwasekuqaleni e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika. Izimpande zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezindlela zokwelapha.
I-acoramu ayinazinwele. Isitshalo esihle kakhulu esinokuphakama okufika ku-20 cm. Ububanzi bamaqabunga awudluli ku-1 cm. Imifino ilula, icacile. Ikhula ogwini lwamanzi amasha futhi ayikubekezeleli ukucwiliswa ngokuphelele emanzini. Ukuze i-acorus ese-aquarium izizwe kahle, udinga ukudala indunduma noma ubeke ibhodwe esisekelweni esincane. Izimpande kuphela okufanele zibe semanzini, uma kungenjalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuzodingeka uthenge isitshalo esisha.
I-coramu ikhekhe. Ukuhlobisa, ifomu elingaphansi. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla akudluli ku-15 cm. Kuyakwazi ukuthatha izimpande ezimbizeni ngokunisela okulinganiselwe njengeplanethi yendlu. Ama-inflorescence awadedeli, asakazwa kuphela ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome. Abafuyi bazala izinhlobo eziningana ngokususelwa ku-okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu:
- imichilo (i-albovariegatus) inemivimbo emhlophe emaphethelweni eqabunga;
- i-aureovariegatus - iboniswa ngemivimbo ephuzi ephuzi emide;
- i-ogon - ukuhlukahluka okungatheni ngemivimbo enokhilimu omude;
- i-pusicus - inamasayizi amahle kakhulu, ubude bawo abudluli ku-10 cm.
Ukusakazeka kwe-acorus
Njengoba imbewu ye-acorus ingaqabuki ivuthwe, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuyisakaza ngembewu kusiko. Kulula kakhulu ukuthatha ingxenye ye-rhizome ngeso lempande futhi uyihambise endaweni entsha. U-Delenki zama ukungagcini isikhathi eside emoyeni futhi umboze okuncane ngomhlabathi endaweni entsha. Akukho ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe okudingekayo. Ezimweni ezintofontofo, isitshalo simila ngokushesha bese siqala ukukhula.
Ukuzala kabusha nokufakelwa kwezitshalo zabantu abadala kwenziwa entwasahlobo, njengoba kunesidingo. Isendlalelo esifanelekile kungaba yinto enobuthi obuncane efana nenhlabathi enamatshe. Yebo, uma ukwazi ukuxuba isladi yomfula, i-peat nesihlabathi esimahara. Uma i-sludge ingenzeki, ithathelwa indawo nge turf noma hydroponics.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
I-Acorus ayithobeki kakhulu, kwanele ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yamathokheni esikhathi esizayo, futhi kuzojabulisa abanini ngemifino ebushelelezi nejusi, evame ukuboniswa esithombeni sikamoya. Umoya ukhetha izindawo ezipholile nezihlanzekile. Ilanga elikhanyayo lingashisa imifino ethambile. Kodwa-ke, egumbini elimnyama kakhulu, amaqabunga aba mncane futhi aluleke kakhulu. Kulokhu, isibani esikhethekile sizosiza.
Kuyelulekwa ukukhetha indawo lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingadluli +22 ° C. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sizwa kahle lapho sipholile size sifike ku-+15 ° C, kepha amazinga okushisa aphansi ngeke abangele ukulimala okukhulu. Kunezimo lapho i-acorus ihlupheka amaqhwa afike ku-35 ° C. Futhi, ungakhathazeki ngezinhlaka eziqinile noma ukupholisa ebusuku.
Ukunisela izihlahla kufanele kube kuningi, kungavumeli ukomiswa ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi. Uma kushisa, thambisa inhlabathi nsuku zonke. Umoya ubuye umswakama ongcono, uma kungenjalo amahlamvu azoqala ukoma. Ngaphakathi endlini, kungcono ukugwema ukusondela kwemithombo yokushisa. Ama-Aquariums azoba indawo enhle kakhulu yenhlekelele. Izikhala ngeke zivumele amaqabunga ukuba ome.
Ukuze i-acorus ingathathi yonke indawo yamahhala e-aquarium, idinga ukondliwa ngokulinganisela. Kodwa ukulahla ngokuphelele umanyolo akunconywa. Kanye ezinyangeni eziyi-1-1,5, kufakwa ingxenye yomanyolo wamaminerali.
Ukuthena lo muthi awudingi. Kunconywa ukukhipha njalo imifino eyomile, ungasula amaqabunga ngesiponji esimanzi ukususa uthuli.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona
Inkinga enkulu ye-acorus ukuntuleka kokunisela noma umoya owomile. Kulokhu, amaqabunga aqala ukuba nsundu emaphethelweni bese omile kancane kancane. Futhi, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungadala ukushiswa.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, i-cobweb encane itholakala esitshalweni. Lokhu kukhombisa ukutheleleka ngesibungu sesicabucabu. Uma kutholwa inkinga, ngokushesha phatha isihlahla ngokulungiselela okukhethekile ukuze izinambuzane zingawubhubhisi ngokuphelele umdumba.
Ukusebenza
Ama-Grorn acorns asetshenziselwa ukwakha izingoma zamanzi noma ukuhlobisa amachibi aswakeme. Ungasebenzisa amaqhubu ezitshalo ukuhlobisa amathari. I-Acorus idinga ukuvuselelwa njalo. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, amahlamvu aqhekeka ngokuphelele noma omile. Amahlumela amasha avela kwi-basal bud futhi umjikelezo wempilo uphinda.
Ngaphezu kwezimfanelo zokuhlobisa, i-Acorus inezinto zokwelapha. Sekuyisikhathi eside impande yayo isetshenziswa ngabaphilisi baseNdiya. Kamuva, izakhiwo zokuphilisa zaqinisekiswa eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Isilinganiso esivela empandeni ye-magazus sisiza ukuqeda izinhlungu zesisu nokuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla. I-calamus tincture inomphumela ovusayo futhi oqinisayo. Kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi kanye nezifo ezithathelanayo.
Lapho usika impande entsha, ungazizwa unephunga elimnandi, ngakho-ke izimpande zesitshalo zithandwa embonini yamakha neziqholo. Ku-cuisine yasempumalanga, izimpande ezomile nezomhlaba zisetshenziswa njengezengezo ezitsheni zenyama namakhekhe.
