Izelutshe yimvuthuluka ebukekayo eye yavumelana nezimo ukuze iphile lapho ezinye izitshalo zingatholakali khona kude kwamakhilomitha. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo “amatshe aphilayo” kungamadwala angamadwala aseningizimu naseningizimu mpumalanga yezwekazi lase-Afrika. Ungakhula ama-lithops ekhaya, kepha ukuze uzuze izimbali nokuphila okude, udinga ukulandela imithetho ethile.
Incazelo yezitshalo
Ama-lithops a-perennial asabekayo anesistimu yezimpande ekhulwe kakhulu. Ivolumu yayo inkulu izikhathi eziningana kunengxenye yesitshalo. Izimpande eziyishumi ziyakwazi ukuthola indawo ngaphansi kwanoma yiliphi itshe noma phakathi kobumba lwamatshe. Ngaphezulu komhlaba kukhona amaqabunga amabili amnyama angenamanzi. Banesikhumba esiminyene nendawo ephezulu. Lokhu kubukeka kwakheke ngenxa yesidingo sokufihlakala. Kunokudla okuncane kakhulu ogwadule, ngakho-ke noma yimiphi imifino enoshukela, egobile isengozini yokuthi idliwe ngokushesha. Kude kude, ama-lithops angenziwa ngephutha ngamatshe amatshe ajwayelekile, lapho umbala ufana namatshe amatshe angomakhelwane.
Ukuphakama kwamapheshana awugqinsi kungama-2-5 cm. Ahlukaniswe umucu odlulayo futhi waphambukela kancane ezinhlangothini. Ngombala, amatshe aphilayo aluhlaza, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsundu, onsomi. Kwesinye isikhathi esikhunjeni kunephethini elincane noma ukukhululeka kwemigqa egobile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga amadala avela anciphise ukoma, bese kuvela amaqabunga asemancane evela lapho.
Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, imbobo ephakathi kwamaqabunga iqala ukunwebeka kancane bese kuboniswa imbali encane kuyo. Ngokwesakhiwo, kufana nezimbali ze-cactus futhi zinama-petals amaningi acishe abe umbala ophuzi noma omhlophe. Amapulazi ahlukanisiwe aguqukela enkabeni abe yishubhu elincane elincane. Izimbali zihlala amasonto amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbali evulekile imvamisa idlula ubukhulu besitshalo uqobo.
Izinhlobo zama-lithops
Kuhlobo lwe-lithops, izinhlobo ezingama-37 zibhalisiwe. Iningi lazo zitholakala emasikweni, kepha izitolo zezimbali azivamile ukujabulela ngezinhlobonhlobo. Ngakho-ke, abatshali bezimbali bafuna amasampula athakazelisayo ezitolo eziku-inthanethi nakuzinkundla zezindaba.
Izithwala ama-olive aluhlaza. Amaqabunga anenyama yombala we-malachite akhula ndawonye cishe aze afike phezulu. Ububanzi bawo abudluli ku-2 cm. Izindawo ezimhlophe ezingekho mhlophe zitholakala ngaphezu kwamaqabunga. Ekwindla yokuqala, kuvela imbali ephuzi.
Izithambo zokukhanya. Amaqabunga, ahlukaniswe cishe kusuka ezisekelweni, anomumo oyindilinga futhi apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma onsomi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinamaqabunga ansomi. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungama-2 cm.
I-Lithops Aucamp. Isitshalo esiphakeme ngo-3-4 cm simbozwe ngesikhumba eluhlaza grey. Ngaphezulu kukhona indawo emnyama, enombala onsundu. Ama-blooms ngezimbali eziphuzi ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-4 cm.
Ithala uLeslie. Isitshalo esincane esinokuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-1-2 kuphela sinamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile, engxenyeni engenhla imbozwe ngephethini emnyama, ebunjiwe. Blooms izimbali elimnandi elimhlophe.
Izithambisi zemabula. Amacembe anwevu ngombala ngephethini yemabula emnyama ngaphezulu. Lesi sitshalo sikhula siye phezulu futhi sinobushelelezi obuyindilinga, obukhulu. Ama-blooms ngezimbali ezimhlophe ezinobubanzi obufika ku-5 cm.
Izelutshi zinsundu. Inyama enenyama esike phakathi nendawo enepipi ebunjiwe ipendwe ngombala onsundu. Esikhunjeni, amachashazi asawolintshi kanye ninsundu ahlukeka. Chaza i-buds ezincane eziphuzi.
Umjikelezo wempilo
Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ama-lithops aqala isikhathi sokuwa. Ekhaya, kuhambelana nokuqala kwesomiso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imbali engaphakathi ayisathelwa. Inhlabathi ayikwazi ukufakwa umswakama, kuphela uma amaqabunga eqala ukugcwala, ungathululela amathisipuni ambalwa amanzi emaphethelweni ebhodwe. Nyakazisa kuphela umhlabathi wenhlabathi.
Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, lesi sitshalo siqala ukuvuka, sidinga okuchichimayo, noma ukuthambisa okungajwayelekile. Inhlabathi iswakanyiswe kahle, kepha yomile ngokuphelele phakathi kokunisela. Ungabona ukuthi igebe eliphakathi kwamaqabunga liqala ukunwebeka futhi nembali yezimbali isivele ibonakala kuwo. Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amaqabunga amasha aqala ukubonakala kwigebe.
Ukusuka ekugcineni ekwindla kuya ekuqaleni kobusika, ukukhula kwama-lithops kuyehla. Iqabunga elidala lamaqabunga liyaxega kancane futhi liome, kuveze amahlumela amasha. Ukushisa komoya ngalesi sikhathi kufanele kube ngaphakathi kuka + 10 ... + 12 ° C, ukuthambisa kumiswe ngokuphelele.
Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, amaqabunga amadala omile ngokuphelele bese kuvela amahlumela anombala obonakalayo ezinhlotsheni. Ukunisela kancane kancane kuqalela ukugcwalisa isitshalo.
Izici Zokuphindaphindeka
Imvamisa, abalimi bezimbali ekhaya bazijwayeza ama-lithops akhula ezinhlanyelweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekuqaleni kukaMashi, imbewu ifakwa amahora ama-6 kusisombululo se-manganese, emva kwalokho, ngaphandle kokoma, isatshalaliswa phezu kwenhlabathi. Ngezithombo ezikhulayo, isihlabathi, izitini ezibomvu ezichotshoziwe, inhlabathi yobumba ne-peat kuxutshwe.
Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa ibhokisi elicaba nelibanzi lapho kubekwa khona ingxube yenhlabathi ebunjiwe futhi inyumbile. Ipuleti limbozwe ngengilazi futhi ligcinwa ekushiseni kuka + 10 ... + 20 ° C. Ukusheshisa ukuhluma kwezimbewu, kuyadingeka ukudala ukuguquguquka ebusuku namazinga okushisa ebusuku. Umehluko phakathi kwabo kufanele ube ngu-10-15 ° C. Kwimizuzu eminingana nsuku zonke udinga ukufaka umoya obamba ukushisa, ususe i-condensate bese ufafaza inhlabathi esibhamu sokufafaza.
Ama-Shots abonakala ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-6-8. Umhlaba awusafafazwa futhi uniselwa ngokunakekelwa okukhulu. Ama-airings manje enziwa kaningi, kepha awasusi ngokuphelele indawo yokukhosela. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-1,5, izithombo zithwetshulwe endaweni ehlala njalo, kunconywa ukutshala izitshalo eziningi ezincane esitsheni esisodwa ngasikhathi sinye.
Ukulima nokunakekela
Ukutshala ama-lithops, udinga ukukhetha imbiza efanele. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sinohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle, kufanele kube yiluvolumu futhi lujulile. Isendlalelo sezinto zokudonsa amanzi empeleni sithululelwa ezansi tank. Izazi zezimbali zithi ekutshaleni kwamaqembu, amakhethenisi akhula ngokwengeziwe. Umhlabathi wabo kufanele uqukathe lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- ubumba;
- izingcezu ezincane zezitini ezibomvu;
- isihlabathi somfula wamalahle;
- iqabunga humus.
Ngemuva kokutshala, beka ungqimba lwamatshe amatshe amancane ebusweni.
Ama-lithops akhetha amakamelo aqhakazile. Abesabi ukukhanya kwelanga. Amatshe abilayo awasabeli kahle ekushintsheni kwendawo nasekuphenduleni kwembiza. Ngemuva kwezenzo ezinjalo, isitshalo singagula.
Ukushisa komoya kufanele kube okulinganiselayo, hhayi ngaphezu kwe- + 27 ° C. Ehlobo, kuhle ukwenza ibhodwe lezimbali ungene emoyeni omusha, kepha kufanele kuvikelwe ekungakashini nakwezulu. Ubusika kufanele bupholile (+ 10 ... + 12 ° C).
Ama-Succulents awadingi umswakama ophezulu, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile kuyasiza ukufafaza eduze kwamanzi okufafaza. Kubalulekile ukukwenza lokhu kude, ukuze amaconsi amanzi angaweli emacembe abolile.
Ama-lithops kufanele ayophuziswe kancane futhi aqaphele ukuhambisana nokukhishwa nokukhula okusebenzayo. Amanzi akufanele ahlangane nezingxenye zomhlaba zesitshalo. Uketshezi oluningi kufanele lithululelwe ebhodweni ngokushesha. Kunkcenkceshelwa ngaphezulu. Phakathi kokunisela kubalulekile ukomisa inhlabathi ngokuphelele.
Ama-Lithops ayakwazi ukuphila ngisho nasemhlabathini ompofu, ngakho-ke awadingi umanyolo. Umanyolo owengeziwe ungalimaza isitshalo kuphela. Esikhundleni salokho, kusizakala kakhulu ukuvuselela inhlabathi ebhodweni kaningi (njalo ngeminyaka engu-1-2).
Ngohulumeni wokunisela ofanele, ama-lithop awazihluphi ngezifo. Uma ukubola kulimaze isitshalo, akunakwenzeka ukusigcina. Ngesikhathi sobusika, ama-mealybugs angahlala ezimpandeni. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ekugcineni ekwindla, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngesinambuzane.
