IBacopa isitshalo esithandekayo esidala esinamaphiko esinotshani esimbozwe ngamaqabunga amancane kanye nezimbali eziningi. Izitshalo zingezomndeni wama-plantain. Zivamile ezindaweni ezinamashane nezasogwini lwesimo sezulu esishisayo nesithambile saseLatin America, e-Afrika, e-Australia naseNingizimu Asia. Le mbali ingatholakala futhi ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Sutera." Ezweni lakithi, iBacopa kungenzeka ukuthi ingumvoti, kepha iyabukeka futhi ayinakungabaza kangangokuba ifanelwe ukunakwa okusondele kakhulu kwabalimi.
Incazelo yeBotanical
IBacopa isitshalo esinotshani obunzima obunamahlumela agobekayo, anamandla. Uhlelo lwe-fibrous izimpande lusondele kakhulu ebusweni bomhlaba. Yize ubude bamahlumela bungafinyelela ku-70 cm, ukuphakama okungapheliyo akudluli ku-10-15 cm. Isiqu esilele ngqo emhlabathini ngaphakathi ngaphakathi singakhula. Kuwo wonke ubude bawo, amapheshana amancane e-lanceolate noma ama-oval ububanzi kuma-petioles amafushane atholakala eduze. Akhula ngababili, awele ukuwela. Amacembe aluhlaza okhanyayo ezinhlangothini embozwe ngezinqe ezincane.
Ukuqhakaza kweBacopa yinde kakhulu futhi kuningi. Cishe sonke isikhathi esifudumele, amahlumela ahlotshiswe ngezimbali ezincane ze-axillary. Ziyaqhakaza kungathi ngamagagasi: manje ziningi kakhulu, bese zincipha, kepha zihlala zikhona kuleso sitshalo. I-corolla efanelekile inama-petals ayi-5 afakwe kwisisekelo ayibhobho elifushane. Izimbali zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene zipendwe ngombala obomvu, opinki, omhlophe, onsomi noma ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ububanzi bawo abudluli ku-2 cm. Isisekelo siqukethe ama-stamens amafushane anama-anthers amakhulu aphuzi aqhakazayo namaqanda. Ngemuva kokuvota, amabhokisi amancane agcotshwe ngezindonga ezomile avuthiwe. Ziqukethe imbewu enothuli oluningi.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa
Kuze kube manje, uhlobo lunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-60. Izinhlobo zezinkukhu ezisuselwe kuzo ziye zafuya izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa, ezihluka kakhulu kumbala wamaphalishi. Kukhona nokuhlukahluka lapho izimbali zemibala ehlukahlukene ziqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye.
Bacopa enkulu. Isitshalo sangezimbali ezinezithombo ezinde ezinwabuzelayo ezibukeka zizinhle kakhulu ezimbizeni zezimbali noma emiphondweni emide yezimbali. Iziqu ezincanyana zimbozwe ngokulinganayo ngamaqabunga ama-ovate aluhlaza aqhakazile anemiphetho ye-serrate. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza (kusuka ngoMeyi kuze kube ngu-Okthoba), lesi sitshalo simbozwa ngezimbali eziningi ze-tubular ezinama-petals agobile kakhulu. Izinhlobo:
- I-Olimpiki Igolide - amahlumela afinyelela ku-60 cm ubude ambozwe ngamaqabunga amancane aluhlaza okotshani, kanye nezimbali ezimhlophe;
- I-Bluetopia - isiqu esingaba ngu-30 cm ubude sinamachashaza amancane amaqabunga aluhlaza kanye nezimbali ezingama-aluhlaza;
- I-Scopia Double Blue isembozo saphakade esinamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile nezimbali ezinkulu ezibomvana.
Bacopa Monier. Iziqu eziguquguqukayo ziyawela emhlabathini. Zimbozwe ngamaqabunga acashile wesilo se-obovate. Izimbali ezimise okomhlana obukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-1-2 zipendwe ngombala omhlophe, onsomi noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lesi sitshalo sitholakala enhlabathini enezikhukhula futhi singakhula kancane kwikholamu yamanzi.
Bacopa Caroline. Lokhu okuhlala njalo kukhula ezindaweni ezinamanzi noma emanzini amasha. Ivela kuma-30 cm amade akhula ngokuqondile, ambozwe ngamaqabunga ama-oval ohlangothini lwendlu eluhlaza ekhanyayo. Lapho kuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, amahlamvu aba bomvu obomvu. Izimbali ngemibala emincane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
IBacopa ingeyase-Australia. Isitshalo esifushane nesinamandla sikhula kwikholamu yamanzi. Amahlumela ambozwe amaqabunga ahlukile noma angemuva okufika ku-18 mm ubude. Amahlamvu apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza ngaphezulu kwezinqubo. Amacembe awo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala.
Izindlela zokuzala
IBacopa isakazeka ngembewu nangezindlela zezitshalo. Ekusakazweni kokutshala imifino, kusetshenziswa izingxenye zamahlumela 8-10 cm ubude.Izihlahla zisikwa kahle ngoJanuwari-Mashi noma ngo-Agasti-Septhemba. Zigxilwe emgodini wethanga lesihlabathi esimanzi. Amacembe angaphansi kufanele angcwatshwe enhlabathini, kuvela ukuthi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuzovela izimpande zokuqala.
Imvamisa, amahlumela ahlangana nomhlaba, noma ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa yisitshalo somama, akha izimpande. Kwanele ukunqamula ihlumela elinjalo eliqoshwe phansi bese ulidlulisa ngenqwaba yomhlaba uye endaweni entsha.
Izithombo zitshalwa kuqala kusuka ezinhlanzini ze-bacopa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo, iziqukathi zigcwele inhlabathi engaxutshwe nalutho, enomswakama omningi. Imbewu encane kunazo zonke ihlanganiswa ne-sawdust bese isatshalaliswa ebusweni bomhlaba. Kwanele ukuzikhuculula usebenzisa ipulangwe. Izitsha zimbozwe ngefilimu noma ngesembozo futhi zibekwe egumbini elikhanyiswe kahle elinokushisa kuka + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Ithangi lifakwa umoya nsuku zonke futhi lifafazwe. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14. Lapho izithombo zikhula amaqabunga wangempela ayi-1-2, zidonswa kwesinye isitsha esinebanga le-2 cm. Uma zikhethwe kabusha ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-3, ungcwatshwa amaqabunga aphansi angaphansi. Kakade ngalesi sikhathi, inhlabathi kufanele ivundiswe ngomanyolo wamaminerali. Lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya ngaphandle lisethwe ku + 12 ... + 15 ° C, izithombo ziqala ukukhuthazela amahora amaningi ukuze ziqiniswe. Ngemuva kwesonto, izitshalo zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile noma ezimbizeni zezimbali endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ukunakekela i-bacopa akuyona inkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kepha isitshalo sidinga ukunakwa.
Ukufakelwa IBacopa ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile noma ezimbizeni. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi esimweni sezulu esifudumele, i-bacopa ayibusika futhi ikhule engadini njengonyaka. Ukutshala inhlabathi kufanele kube ne-acidity ephansi. Izingxube zezinto ezilandelayo zilungile:
- isihlabathi (izingxenye ezi-2);
- i-decusuous humus (izingxenye ezi-2);
- umhlaba wamashidi (ingxenye eyi-1);
- i-peat (1 ingxenye).
Isibani Ukuze izimbali zibe ziningi ngokwanele, isitshalo kufanele sigcinwe ukukhanya okugqamile okugqamile. Imisebe eqondile yelanga lasemini ingadala ukushiswa. I-penumbra encane ivunyelwe.
Ukushisa IBacopa iyamelana nokupholisa isikhathi sesikhathi sasebusuku kanye nezinhlaka. Ingakhula emgwaqweni kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba. Lesi sitshalo simelana neqhwa phansi kuze kufike ku-5 ° C, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Ebusika, izitshalo zasendlini kufanele zigcinwe ekushiseni kuka + 10 ... + 15 ° C. Kulokhu, amahlumela azohlala ecwecwe, futhi entwasahlobo kuzofika igagasi elisha lezimbali eziningi. Uma i-bacopa igcinwa ifudumele ebusika, amaqabunga azoqala ukoma bese uwa.
Ukunisela. AmaBacopas athande umswakama; inhlabathi kumele ihlale inomswakama omncane. Ukugcwala komhlaba kwenhlabathi kuvunyelwe. Nisela isitshalo ngamanzi athambileko, ahlanzwe kahle.
Umanyolo. Njengoba imbali yakha ngenkuthalo ubunzima obuluhlaza kanye nama-blooms isikhathi eside, ngaphandle kokufaka umquba kuncishisiwe. Kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba, kathathu ngenyanga, i-bacopa ivundiswa ngesisombululo sendawo yezimbiwa zezitshalo eziqhakazayo.
Izihlahla. Ngisho nasezitshalweni ezincane, aqala ukuphina amathiphu amahlumela ukwakha izinqubo ezilandelanayo. Ngemuva kobusika, kubalulekile ukusika uhhafu ngeziqu, ikakhulukazi uma zeluliwe futhi zingenalutho.
Izifo nezinambuzane. IBacopa iyamelana nezifo zezitshalo kanye nezinambuzane eziningi. Ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela ezindaweni ezinomthunzi noma kwisomiso esinzima, umqhele waso uthintwa yi-aphid kanye namhlophe. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokuqala ngesinambuzane, izilokazane zizonyamalala. Ukususa izibungu, ukuphinda ufafaza kwenziwa ngemuva kwesonto.
I-Bacopa ku-aquarium
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-bacopa, ngokwesibonelo, uCaroline no-Australia, endaweni yemvelo zikhula ezindaweni ezinam marshy noma kwikholamu yamanzi. Zingasetshenziselwa ukwalusa i-aquarium. Izitshalo azikhathaleli kakhulu, azinciphisi ubumsulwa bamanzi bese zikhula amahlumela ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo, zilungele ama-aquarists okuqala.
Ukuze i-bacopa ikhule kahle, kubalulekile ukuyinikeza ukukhanya okukhulu. Amanzi kufanele athambeke kancane futhi abe acidic kancane. Kwuketshezi olunzima, kanye nokuswela ukushisa, ukukhula kunciphisa noma kumile ngokuphelele. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elikhulu lokukhula kwe-bacopa ngu + 18 ... + 30 ° C. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuyitshala enhlabathini enempilo enothile ekungcoleni kokuphilayo. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza ngaphansi kwamanzi, kepha iningi liqhakaza izimbali ebusweni besiqu.
Sebenzisa
Iziqu ezinde ezikhula ngokushesha ze-bacopa zitholakala kakhulu ngezimbali namaqabunga. Zinhle kakhulu ngokutshala kwe-ampel kumakhalkoni, emithanjeni nasengadini. I-cache-pot ingabekwa egcekeni kumakholamu wamasizinda noma ezindongeni zendlu. IBacopa iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa kalula, imimoya enamandla nokuduma, bese ngesikhathi esifanayo iqhubeke ikhanga.
Futhi, izitshalo zingasetshenziswa njengesembozo somhlaba phansi noma emadwaleni amatshe. Ngosizo lwabo, bahlobisa izindonga zamachibi nezinye izinto zokusiza. Iyamelana ngokuphelele nokuntywiliselwa kwezimbali emanzini kanye nezikhukhula. Amahlumela angabambelela kunoma iyiphi indawo, enze amakhaphethi aminyene noma mpo. Ngosizo lwe-bacopa, ungakha uhlaka oluhle lwengadi yezimbali. Kubukeka kahle eduze kwe-petunia, i-nasturtium, i-fuchsia, i-lobelia.
