I-Periwinkle umuthi ongapheli noma shrub onezimbali ezintekenteke ezibhakabhaka noma eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ungowomndeni wakwaKutra futhi usakaze ukusuka e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. IPeriwinkle izizwa kahle ezimweni zezulu ezishisayo futhi inamaqabunga aluhlaza ngisho nangaphansi kweqhwa. Isitshalo esingabekezeleliyo, esikhuthazayo kwesinye isikhathi sisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ingadi. Ingatholakala futhi ngaphansi kwamagama "vinka", "utshani obukhulu", "i-magic violet." Lesi sitshalo simbozwe endaweni yemfihlakalo nemfihlakalo. Eqinisweni, akukho lutho olubi oluphatha i-periwinkle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezindawo zokuphulukisa eziqashelwa ngomuthi wendabuko.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-Periwinkle - zisetshenziswa ngokuhlala noma ezinwabuzelayo emhlabathini, amahlumela ahlutshiwe. Yakha isihlahla esivuthayo esifinyelela ku-35 cm ukuphakama noma ukhaphethi oqinile ohlaza okotshani. Izimpande ziqondile, hhayi kude nobuso bomhlaba. Ngobude, zikhula zibe ngu-70 cm.
Ezikhungweni ezicijile ezimbozwe ngotshani obomvu okukhanyayo noma obomvana, kuphakama amapheshana angamaphethelo e-oval noma e-ovoid. Indawo yabo emnyama enesikhumba ekhanyayo iyakhazimula elangeni, bese kuthi umthambo olula ubonakale enkabeni. Amaqabunga anamapheshana angama-3-5 cm futhi angama-2,5 cm ububanzi. Ezinye izinhlobo zigcina amaqabunga unyaka wonke noma zilahle ngesikhathi esingesihle.
Izimbali zenzeka ngoMeyi-Juni. Izimbali ezinkulu ezikhulu ziyaqhakaza kuma-axils amaqabunga. I-corolla eneshubhu ende kanye nezinhlanu ezigogekile, ihlukaniswe eceleni komngcele wamapheya kungamasentimitha amathathu. Ukusuka enkabeni kuphela ngababusi kanye nekholamu le-ovary lihamba kancane. Amacembe apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi noma opinki. Kwesinye isikhathi ukugcotshwa komthunzi phansi kanye emaphethelweni wezipals kuhlukile.
Ngemuva kokuvunda, izithelo ziyavuthwa - kushiya amaqabunga aluhlaza crescent angaba ngu-7-8 cm ubude. Imbewu ekhanyayo emsundu ekhanyayo enendawo engenamikhawulo itholakala ngaphakathi kwawo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo
Uhlobo lwe-periwinkle lincane kakhulu. Kufaka izinhlobo ezingama-5 eziphambili kuphela. Ngokwezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu, abafuyi bezitshalo bahlakulele izinhlobo zensimu yokuhlobisa ehlukile ekwakhiweni nasekufoleni imibala yezimbali noma amaqabunga.
I-periwinkle inkulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ezithanda ukushisa zivamile eMedithera, eCrimea naseCaucasus. Isembozo somhlabathi sisakazeka emhlabathini futhi sakhe ukhaphethi oqinile ohlaza okotshani onamaqabunga acwebezelayo amaqanda. Ama-cilia amafushane ayabonakala emaphethelweni amahlamvu. Ubude beqabunga buyi-4-8 cm. Kusukela maphakathi noMeyi, izimbali ezi-axillary eyodwa ziyaqhakaza kuma-peduncle amade, amancanyana. Ububanzi be-bud elivuliwe bufika ku-5 cm. Amaphara we-Bluish anomthunzi olula phakathi nendawo futhi abe mnyama emaphethelweni. Isitshalo singabanda ebusika ngesimo sezulu esifudumele, kodwa kuphela ngaphansi kwekhava lekhephu. Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile ze-Variegata zihlukaniswa umbala wamahlamvu. Imiphetho yakhona ihlelwe ngensimbi yesiliva noma yegolide. Izinhlobonhlobo zizwela kakhulu ukupholisa.
I-periwinkle incane. Lesi sitshalo sasakazeka e-Asia Minor naseMedithera. Lokhu kubuka kuvumelaniswa kangcono nezindawo ezinomthunzi. Ubude besiqu esihlotshisiwe bufika kusentimitha ezingama-60. Kumbozwe ngamahlamvu okusaqanda okuvela kuma-petioles amade. Usayizi wepuleti eshidi ngu-3-5 cm. Upende ngotshani obumnyama. Izimbali ezizodwa zomthunzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zikhula zingamasentimitha angama-2-2,5. Ziyaqhakaza ekugcineni kukaMeyi. Izinhlobo:
- -mhlophe;
- bomvu
- i-mosagated - amaqabunga ambozwe amabala aphuzi nemivimbo;
- i-mosagate - enamabala egolide kulawo amahlamvu;
- i-terry eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- i-terry red;
- ukukhanyisela kwe-periwinkle - amaqabunga aphuzi anomthunzi omnyama onsundu oluhlaza okotshani izimbali ezinkulu eziluhlaza eziqhakaza kakade ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.
I-Periwinkle pink. Isihlahla esihlala sikhula esinamagatsha anamanzi, aqinile aqala ukukhuphuka aze abe ngu-60 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aphikisayo amnyama angaba ngu-7 cm ubude anesimo sokusaqanda kanye nomvalo omncane, olula phakathi nendawo. Izimbali ziqala ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi futhi zihlala cishe ihlobo lonke. Izimbali ezihlala zodwa ezinama-pink petals ziyaqhakaza engxenyeni engenhla yezinqubo. Izinhlobo:
- ukwanga kokuqala - icwecwe (elingama-40 cm amade) elinesihlahla embozwe izimbali ezincane eziphinki;
- ukupholisa kabusha kwe-mint - indawo ebomvu itholakala maphakathi nendawo imbali emhlophe noma ukhilimu.
Izindlela zokuzala
Imvamisa, i-periwinkle isatshalaliswa izindlela zokusabalalisa imifino. I-perennial enomdlandla ingazikalela lapho ihlangana nenhlabathi kunoma yisiphi isiza. Ukusuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti, amahlumela aqinile angena emhlabathini, eshiya ithiphu ebusweni. Lapho ukubekelwa phansi kususwa, kuyanqunywa futhi kutshalwe ngokuhlukile.
Entwasahlobo, isihlahla esikhulu singagawulwa sibe izingxenye eziningana. Benza lokhu ngoMashi-Ephreli, ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela amancane. I-rhizome ende inamaphuzu wokukhula amaningana, lapho kuvela amahlumela amasha ezinqwaba. Lapho ugaya umhlaba eduze ne-periwinkle, kuvela izitshalo ezintsha eziye zavela ezingxenyeni zezimpande.
Ukuze usike ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ehlobo, izinqubo ezinama-node angama-2-3 ziyasikwa. Zigxilwe ngokushesha engadini, zikhetha izindawo emthunzini okhethiwe. Ibanga lingama-20-30 cm. Inqubo yokuvumelanisa iyashesha. Ungakapheli inyanga, isithombo singadluliselwa endaweni eyiyo.
Ukuze ukhule i-periwinkle kusuka imbewu, kusetshenziswa impahla yembewu entsha. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika noma entwasahlobo ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela ama-grooves ngokujula kwama-1-1,5 cm. Entwasahlobo, kuvela amahlumela amancane akhula ngokushesha. Njengoba kudingekile, imifino ithambile futhi yancitshiswa. NgoJuni, ungathumela izithombo uye nazo endaweni unomphela.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle
IPeriwinkle itshalwe ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezinelanga noma ngaphansi komthunzi oyisihlahla wezihlahla eziqothulayo. Izitshalo zithanda inhlabathi ekhanywa kahle, evulekile enokusabela okungathathi hlangothi noma okune-asidi. Isihlabathi noma amatshe amatshe angeniswa emhlabathini obumba obunzima ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukufakwa kwamalambu kuhlelwe kangcono ngosuku olomile nolunamafu. Esikhathini esizayo, ukunakekela isitshalo kulula kakhulu.
Ukunisela. IPeriwinkle iyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso esincane. Uma kungekho imvula yemvelo, ukunisela okukodwa ngesonto kwanele. Kudingeka umswakama omncane ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali, khona-ke ukhaphethi oluhlaza uzokwembozwa kahle ngezimbali ezibhakabhaka. Izikhathi eziningana ngenyanga, umhlaba oseduze kwamahlathi ukhululiwe. Isihlahla esikhule ngokweqile siyakwazi ukubhekana ngokuzimele nokhula. Kumele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa, ngoba engadini yezimbali, i-periwinkle ingaziphatha ngolaka, ikhungathe omakhelwane. Unyaka ngaphandle kokuthena, ungagcwalisa kufika ku-7 m² wesimu.
Umanyolo. Kabili noma kathathu ngesizini, kudliwa ama-periwinkles. Emhlabathini wenhlabathi ovundile, isidingo sokufaka umquba sincane kakhulu. Izintandokazi kufanele zinikezwe kumakhompiyutha e-organic, kepha ama-mineral complexes we-mineral angasetshenziswa Kwethulwa emhlabathini ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, Meyi nangoJulayi.
Izihlahla. Lapho amagagasi okuqala okuqhakaza kwezimbali eqeda ukwenziwa, kunconywa ukuthi kuthenwe. Ngalo, izimbali ezilahliwe nengxenye yamahlumela amade kakhulu azosuswa. Kepha maduze kuzovela amahlumela amasha.
Izifo nezinambuzane. Ngokutshala okuminyene kakhulu, ama-periwinkles angahlaselwa yizifo zokukhunta (ukugqwala kwamaqabunga, i-powdery hlobo. Ukucheba njalo nokutshalwa kwenhlabathi ngama fungicides kuyasiza. Esimweni esishisayo, ama-aphid angahlala emaqabungeni, okuzosiza ukuqeda iKarbofos, iBiotlin noma esinye isinambuzane esithile.
I-Periwinkle ekubonakaleni kwezwe
Ama-greens aminyene we-periwinkle overgrowth afana nekhaphethi eluhlaza okotshani noma imicamelo evuthiwe. Iyakwazi ukufihla umhlabathi ongenalutho eduze kwezihlahla noma isikhala esiphakathi kokuqina. Izitshalo zisetshenziswa nasezintabeni ezakhiwe edwaleni, emngceleni nasezivandeni zamatshe. Engadini eyinkimbinkimbi yengadi, iperiwinkle engagundisiwe itshalwe ngaphambili.
Izitshalo zihamba kahle ngokungikhohlwa-yimina, amakhophi, ama-primrose noma ama-medunits. Kwesinye isikhathi itshalwa ezitsheni zama-balconies we-landscaping kanye nama-verandas. Amahlumela amade alengiswa endaweni yokuqhakaza ene-Cascade eluhlaza eqhubekayo, lapho izimbali ezinkulu eziluhlaza zihlakazeka khona.
Izici zokupholisa zesitshalo
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-periwinkles zifaka iqoqo elehlukile lezinto ezisebenzayo. Kwezokwelapha, i-periwinkle encane kakhulu isetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi ingeyokwelapha. Amahlumela awo, amahlamvu kanye nezimbali aqukethe ama-alkaloids angaphezu kwama-20, umunyu, amavithamini, ama-flavonoid, ushukela, amaminerali kanye nama-tannins. Ziphazamisa ukuhlukaniswa kweseli okungalawulwa, ngenxa yalokho, ziyingxenye yezidakamizwa ze-anticancer.
Ukulungiselela okukhipha i-vinca kunezinto ezivusa amandla futhi kunomthelela ovusa izinqubo zomcabango. I-decoction isetshenziswa ukuhlanza i-patity yomlomo njenge-ejenti yokuhlonza nokuvikela ukuvuvukala yokulimala kwezinsini noma umphimbo obuhlungu. Kuyasiza nokuhanjiswa yisisu, amathumbu noma ukopha kwesibeletho. I-tincture yotshwala iyathathelwa i-fibroids nama-polyps esibelethweni, i-prostatitis, i-endometriosis nokungazali kwabesifazane.
Kuzo zonke izinzuzo zayo, i-periwinkle isitshalo esinoshevu. Ngisho ne-overdose encane inganciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa umuthi ngaphansi kokuqokwa udokotela, kunokuba uzenzele.
