I-Astilba iyi-herbaceous perennial nge-inflorescence enhle efana ne-shaggy. Zingafinyelela engxenyeni yesithathu yokuphakama kwesitshalo sonke futhi zakhe amakhandlela amakhulu amhlophe qhwa, amhlophe noma onsomi. Isitshalo singowomndeni weSaxifragia. Ngokwesimo sendalo, itholakala ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezinamanzi, ngaphansi komqhele wamahlathi anwebekile noma ngasogwini lomfula ngobukhulu beNyakatho Melika naseMpumalanga Ekude. Ibekezelela ubusika neqhwa kuze kufike ku-37 ° C; ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele nezifunda ezibandayo ukuhlobisa izingadi namapaki.
Ukubukeka
I-Astilba isitshalo esidala esinempilo esinamahlumela aqhakaze, aqhakaze kakhulu. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, ukuphakama kwawo kungamasentimitha ayi-8-200. Izimpande zeWoody zingakhula ngokusondele kakhulu noma zisakazeke kude ngobukhulu bomhlaba. Ekwindla, wonke amahlumela asemhlabeni ayafa, bese kuvela amahlumela amasha entwasahlobo evela ezikhungweni zokukhula ku-rhizome. I-Astilbe ivame ukukhulisa ukuphakama kwesikhwanyana esinamahlahla, ngakho-ke kancane kancane kwakhiwa indunduma ende endaweni okufika kuyo.
Iningi lamahlamvu ligxilisiwe kuma-ralto basal, kepha amaqabunga amaningana futhi aphelele akhula kuhlumela uqobo. Iqabunga elide elikhuliswe ngemisipha, lipendwe luhlaza okotshani. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba namabala abomvu ebusweni. Ezinhlotsheni eziphambili, amaqabunga nezimbali zinobuso be-matte. Igama lingahunyushwa ngokuthi "akukho kukhanya." Ingxenye ngayinye yeshidi inesimo sokusaqanda esinemiphetho eqoshiwe. Imithambo yeConvex ibonakala kahle ephepheni.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala ngoJuni-Julayi futhi sihlala amasonto angama-2-3 (kwesinye isikhathi inyanga). Ngalesi sikhathi, panicle enkulu noma ibhulashi elikhulu likhula phezulu kwesiqu. Inamachashaza amnyama ngezimbali ezincane kakhulu. Ubude be-inflorescence ngamasentimitha ayi-10-60. Ama-Corollas amafomu afanele anezikhonkwane eziphakeme kanye nama-stamens amafushane ane-ovary. Umbala wezimbali ungaba yi-coral, mhlophe, lilac noma ubomvu. Iphunga elimnandi elimnandi lisakazeka ezungeze i-astilbe yezimbali.
Amabhlogo amancane wembewu enenhlamvu emincane kakhulu emnyama iyavuthwa esikhundleni sezimbali ezipholiwe.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-astilbe
Kuhlobo lwe-Astilba, kubhaliswe izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-25. Cishe ziyi-10 zazo ezivame emasikweni. Njengoba lesi sitshalo somhlobiso sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, inani lezinhlobonhlobo lidlula amayunithi angama-200.
Ama-Astilbe Arends (A. Arendsii). Lesi sitshalo isihlahlana esikhulu, esidlangile size sifinyelele kumamitha ayi-1. Sithatha ngokushesha ukwakheka okuyisiyingi noma iphiramidi futhi simbozwe ngamahlamvu aluhlaza cisrus-dissected amnyama. Ukuqala kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kwenzeka maphakathi no-Julayi, kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-40. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbali ezinde ze-racemose eziqhakaza ngamaqhwa amhlophe qhwa, obomvu, ama-lilac noma apinki eziqhakaza eziqongweni zezihluma. Ngenxa yamacembe amafushane, i-inflorescence ibukeka inhle futhi ithambile. Amagatsha ambalwa amafushane, afakwe futhi ngama-buds, anweba kusuka kusiqu esikhulu. Izinhlobo:
- I-Amethyst - esihlahleni esiyindilinga esifinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama, ama-lilac panicles aqhakaza ngaphezulu kwamahlamvu aluhlaza;
- I-Lollipop - isitshalo esingaba ngama-50 cm amade ngama-burgundy green shiny sitshiya siqhakaza izimbali ezibomvu zamakhorali;
- I-Bumalda - isihlahla esiphakeme esingu-40-60 cm simbozwe ngamahlamvu obomvu obomvana bese sichitha ama-inflorescence amhlophe anomngcele we-raspberry emaphayini;
- IGloria Weiss - isihlahla esiyindilinga esine-ububanzi ka-1 m esinamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza okotshani ashiya ama-blooms e-inflorescences emhlophe noma ekhanyayo;
- IMelika - ifinyelela ku-70 cm ukuphakama ngamaqabunga aluhlaza aqoshwe ngoJulayi embozwe izimbali eziphinki;
- IDayimane (i-astilbe emhlophe) - amaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza okhanyayo afinyelela ku-70 cm ukuphakama asetwa ngamapanicles amhlophe ububanzi obungu-14-20 cm.
I-Chinese Astilba (A. chinensis). Isitshalo esingenamandla esihlwanyelwe sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-50-110. Amahlumela awo aqondile ezansi ambozwe ngamahlamvu amakhulu we-petiole, kanti uhlumela lwamahlamvu luncane. Amacembe aluhlaza amnyama ane-sheen enensimbi. Eziqongweni kukhona ama-inflorescences ama-pyramidal inflorescence angama-30- 35 cm. Amibala yi-lilac noma onsomi. Izinhlobo:
- Umbono obomvu - iziqu ezizi-40-50 cm ubude zimbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza, kanti ngaphezulu kune-fluffy emnyama raspberry inflorescence;
- Ama-purkurts - izimila ze-pyramidal ezifika ku-1 m ukuphakama zikhula isikhathi eside amakhandlela amnyama ama-inflorescence ansomi.
I-Astilba Thunberg (A. thunbergii). Isitshalo somhlobiso sakha ihlumela eliminyene elingu-80 cm ukuphakama. Phansi kwesiqu nakuzo zonke ubude baso, kushiya amaqabunga amade agqamile anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Ama-openwork raceme inflorescence aqhakaza aze afike ku-20 cm ubude futhi acishe abe ngu-10 cm maphakathi noJulayi. Izinhlobo ze-Straussendefer zithandwa kakhulu ngamaphinikhodi amade okulengiswa ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo, okupeyintiwe emthunzini okhanyayo we-coral.
I-Indian Astilba (A. japonica). Isitshalo esihlanganisiwe asidluli ukuphakama okungama-80 cm. Simbozwe ngamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza. Umhlobiso wesiliva uyabonakala endaweni yawo ecwebezelayo. Ama-inflorescence-panicles omhlophe noma opinki umbala ophulayo ngaphambi kokuphumula futhi uhlala umhlobiso ngisho nangemva kokumiswa. Izinhlobo zeMontgomery zikhula ngo-50-60 cm kuphela ukuphakama. Ingaphezulu layo lihlotshiswe nge-fluffy inflorescence ebomvu ekhanyayo.
Iqabunga le-Astilbe (A. simplicifolia). Amathanga amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama angama-20-50 cm amade ahlotshiswe ngeziqu ezinde, ezacile ezinama-inflorescence amancanyana, anjengekhandlela. Ngaphansi kwesisindo sezimbali, amahlumela agobeka kahle. I-Aphrodite ihlukaniswa izimbali ezinhle ezibomvu zamakhorali.
Izindlela zokuzala
I-Astilba isabalalisa ngokutshala imbewu, ihlukanisa isihlahla kanye nemiqumbe. Ekuhlwanyeleni, imbewu eqoqwe ngonyaka owedlule isetshenziswa. NgoMashi, bangcwatshwa ngo-5-7 mm esihlabathini nasenhlabathini yempisi, bese bembozwa ngesihloko seqhwa ukuze bahlukaniswe. Ngemuva kwalokho amabhodwe, ambozwe ifilimu, afaka esiqandisini amanye amasonto angama-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho imbiza idluliselwa egumbini elifudumele (cishe + 20 ° C). Amahlumela avela zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-7-10. Ekuqaleni mncane kakhulu futhi awunamandla, ngakho-ke udinga ukunisela inhlabathi ngokucophelela. Ungafafaza ingaphezulu kwesibhamu sokufafaza bese wengeza amanzi amancane epanini. Izithombo ezinamaqabunga ama-2-3 zigaxela ezimbizeni ezihlukene zekhonkolo, ezitshalwe ngalo kamuva.
Ukwehlukanisa isihlahla kubhekwa njengendlela elula futhi ephumelela kakhulu yokusabalalisa i-astilbe, ikakhulukazi njengoba i-astilbe akufanele ikhule isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-5-7 ngaphandle kokufakelwa, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sikhulu kakhulu futhi sakha igquma eliphakeme. Kungcono ukwenza ukukhohlisa phakathi kwentwasahlobo. Okokuqala, isihlahla esinenqwaba enkulu yomhlaba simbiwe ngokuphelele, sisuswe emhlabathini bese kuthi izimpande ziphume. Ngokusebenzisa i-blade ebukhali, amahlumela angaphansi komhlaba asikwa ukuze okungenani amaphuzu angu-4 wokukhula ahlukaniswe ngakunye. AmaSaplings asatshalaliswa emigodini yokutshala okusha ngebanga elingama-30 cm futhi aniselwe ngokucophelela.
Ukuzala kabusha izinso kunikeza umphumela omuhle. Ahlukaniswa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuze kube yilapho amahlumela amasha eseqalile ukukhula. Kuyadingeka ukusika izinso ngesithende kusuka ku-rhizome. Beka izigaba ezifafazwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe. Ama-buds atshalwe ezimbizeni ezinengxube ye-peat ne-gravel. Maduze kuzovela amahlumela amancane. Njengoba bekhula, indawo yokukhosela ingasuswa. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokuqapha. Ekwindla noma entwasahlobo elandelayo, izitshalo ezivuthiwe zitshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
Engadini ye-astilbe, kungcono ukhethe izindawo ezinombala omncane. Uhlangothi olusenyakatho kocingo noma udonga kwanoma yisiphi isakhiwo, umthunzi wezihlahla uzokwenza. Hhayi-ke, uma kusondele ebusweni bamanzi enhlabathi angaphansi komhlaba kuzolala, okudla izimpande ngomswakama. Ungafaka futhi i-astilbe eduzane nedamu. Umhlaba kufanele ube nokungathathi hlangothi noma ukusabela okuncane kwe-asidi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi idedelwa ngokuphelele, izigaxa ezinkulu ziphukile bese kususwa izimpande ezomile. Ukwenza inhlabathi ibe nokudla okunempilo, yenza i-peat kanye nomquba obolile. Imigodi yokufakelwa kuze kufike ku-30 cm ejulile ibekwa kude ne-30-50 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Umanyolo we-Ash kanye namaminerali kuthululelwa ezansi kwento ngayinye. Amaphoyinti wokukhula ezimpandeni abekwe ngokujulile 4-5 cm ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi. Njengoba ikhula futhi ikhula, i-rhizome ikhuphuka kancane futhi kuzofanele ifafazwe ngayo. Ngemuva kokutshala, umhlaba uyahlanganiswa, bese ufakwa nge-humus noma nge-peat ngesendlalelo esingamasentimitha angama-3-5 ubukhulu.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
I-Astilba isitshalo esingabizi. Uma indawo ikhethwe ngokwanele futhi inomswakama, isitshalo ngeke sibangele inkathazo. Ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo kwehla kokunisela okuvamile. Njengoba izimbali ngokwemvelo zikhula emahlathini anomswakama, lapho umhlabathi womile, amaqabunga abuna ngokushesha, bese ama-inflorescence aqala ukoma. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lapho kuqhakanjiswa izimbali, ukunisela kwenziwa kathathu ngosuku. Musa ukufafaza izihlahla ukuze ngamaconsi amanzi ilanga lingashisi amaqabunga.
I-mulching izosiza ukusindisa umswakama, futhi ivikele futhi nokhula oluningi olucasulayo. Ngezikhathi ezithile kusadingeka ukhula emathangeni ase-astilbe ukubenza babukeke kahle. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqapha ukuze kungalimali izimpande.
Maphakathi nentwasahlobo, i-flowerbed ivundiswa ngokwakhiwa kwamaminerali okunokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephezulu. Izosheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuluhlaza okwenziwe ngotshani. NgoJuni, kunconywa i-potassium-phosphorus top dress, okunomthelela ekuqhakazeni okuthe xaxa.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe, amabhulashi anemibala eminingi asele emthini isikhashana, ngoba ahlobisa kakhulu. Baqedwa kamuva. Ama-thickets aluhlaza azojabulisa ubuhle bawo isikhathi eside. Maphakathi nekwindla, nazo zizoqala ukoma, bese kuthi zonke amahlumela emhlabathini zinqunywe bese zigobhoza indawo ngamahlamvu awile. Kuzovikela izimpande eziqandeni. Izitshalo ezitshalwe ekwindla zibuye zambozwa ngamagatsha ayi-spruce.
I-Astilba inokuzivikela okuhle kakhulu nokumelana namagciwane. Phakathi kwezinambuzane, amaphenti kanye ne-nematode kuthambisa imbali. Uma ungasusa amapeni ngokufafaza ngama-insecticides ("Confidor", "Aktara"), khona-ke ama-nematode ahlala ngaphakathi kwalesi sitshalo awangeneki. Ukuze ubasuse, kufanele uthathe noma ususe izitshalo ezinegciwane kanye nezimpande. Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, ukufafaza amahlumela nokutshala inhlabathi ngeFitoverm kuyasiza.
I-Astilba ekwakhiweni komhlaba
I-Astilba ilungele ukwakheka kwesakhiwo. Itshalwa ngamaqembu noma eluhlangeni lwe-ribbon eceleni kwemingcele, eduze nezihlahla nezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza, futhi njengesihlahla esiphansi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinamandla. Izinhlobonhlobo zemithunzi yama-inflorescence nezindawo eziphakeme zezitshalo zikuvumela ukuthi udale ukwakheka okugqamile okuyingqayizivele emakhoneni ansundu engadini. Ezindaweni ezinelanga, kunconywa ukuhlanganisa i-astilbe ne-fern, i-hosta noma i-iris, okuzokwakha isithunzi esengeziwe futhi kuvimbele izimpande ekushiseni ngokweqile.
I-Iberis, i-leotard, i-doronicum, i-saxifrages, i-clematis, i-stonecrops ivame ukutshalwa eduze kwe-astilbe. Ama-inflorescence aluhlaza futhi aqhakazile, agcina ubuhle bawo ngisho nangemva kokumiswa, avame ukusetshenziswa ngabachwepheshe bezimbali ukwenza izingcezu zezimbali ezibukhoma nezomile.
