Stafilokokkoz izinyoni (Stafilokokkosis avium) - oqabukelayo noma enzootic esithathelwanayo of zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni ezifuywayo nezasendle, libhekene acute, subacute futhi Yiqiniso chronic ukukhombisa izimpawu zokwelashwa septicemia, samathambo, synovitis, kloatsitov, futhi ezimweni lingandile - dermatitis vesicular, ukuvuvukala sinuses infraorbital namacici.
Namuhla, lesi sifo sibhaliswe kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba. Ibonakala ngokutheleleka okubuthakathaka nokufa okuphansi.
Okungafani nezinkukhu ezingcolile, ezigcinwe ezinkampanini ezinezinhlayiyana eziphakeme ze-pathogen emvelweni noma uma zitheleleke ngesikhathi sokugoma.
Iyiphi inyoni e-staphylococcosis?
I-spectrum ye-pathogen ye-pathogen isakazeka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni.
Phakathi kwezinkukhu staphylococcosis ogulayo:
- amahansi;
- amadada;
- izinkukhu ezineminyaka eyi-11-16;
- i-turkey;
- pheasants;
- ibhola lezinyoni
I-Staphylococcus yaqala ukuqoshwa futhi ichazwa njengesifo esihlukile eminyakeni engaba ngu-100 edlule.
Esikhathini sethu, lesi sifo sisakazeka emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphandle kwezinkukhu ezifuywayo, izinsikazi, ama-bullfinches, ama-parrots nama-canaries zibonisa ukuphakama okukhulu kwe-pathogen.
Izindlela zokudlulisela i-staphylococcosis ezinyoni:
- ukuxhumana, okungukuthi, ngokuxhumana ngokuqondile nenyoni egulayo futhi enempilo;
- ukudlulisa, isibonelo, ukukhala ngezingxube ezithinta igazi;
- ngomlomo - ngokufaka ukudla okuphazamisayo namanzi.
Izinto zokudlulisa:
- izinto zokunakekelwa okungcolile;
- udoti;
- ezingcolile ngokudla kwamanzi nama-pathogen.
Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo kungafaka isandla ukwephulwa kwezimo zezinkukhu.
Okuqukethwe ekamelweni elincane, ukuqhuma okukhulu, ukudla okuncane, ukushisa okusheshayo kwezinkukhu ezindlini zezinkukhu, ukungena ngokwanele futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwandisa ukuhlushwa kwe-ammonia emoyeni, ukujikeleza kwezinkukhu njalo. Futhi, imbangela yalesi sifo kungaba ukugoma kwezinkukhu ezinegciwane lokugoma eliphikisiwe.
Ngokuvamile, izifo ze-staphylococcal ziboniswa ngokuhlanganyela ne-pasteurellosis, i-Escherichia coli, i-Proteus, ne-Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Isango lokutheleleka livame ukulimala kwesikhumba ngenxa yokulimala kwamalungu, ama-scallops namacici. Ezinkhukhu ezishayelwe, isayithi lokutheleleka lingase libe yinkaba engavunyelwe, eholela ekuthuthukiseni i-omphalitis.
Izinqubo ezincane zokuhlinzwa ezinjengokusika umlomo, ukuhlunga, ukukhipha izimpaphe, noma ukuphathwa kwezigciwane zingabangela ukutheleleka.
Ngokunciphisa isimo sokuzivikela kwemfuyo ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezithinta imisebenzi yekhwama le-Fabricius noma i-thymus uma ukutheleleka nge-staphylococcus ezinkukhu, kubonakala ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-staphylococcal septicemia.
Umonakalo wezomnotho kusukela kulesi sifo ikakhulukazi iqukethe:
- ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda (ngokwesilinganiso ngo-5-20%, kodwa kungenzeka kube ngaphezulu);
- ukulahlekelwa kokufa (3-15% phakathi kwabagulayo);
- ukulahlekelwa kokukhipha (10-30%).
Futhi izindleko ezengeziwe zihlanganisa izindleko zokwelapha nokuqothulwa kwezinkukhu izindlu.
I-agent ye-Causative
Izinambuzane zezinyoni ze-staphylococcus - ummeleli we-genus Staphylococcus emndenini we-Micrococcaceae.
Lezi zingxenyana ezincane, ama-microns angu-0.8-1 ngesayizi, immobile.
Uma umbala ku-Gram - positive. Izingxabano nama-capsules awafaki. E-smear ehlelwe ngamaqembu afana namaqoqo amagilebhisi.
Abamele lezi zinhlobo ze-staphylococcus bavame ukuhlukaniswa nezinkukhu.:
- St. i-pyogenes albus;
- St. i-pyogenes citreus;
- St. i-aureus;
- St. i-epidermatis.
St. i-aureus (i-Staphylococcus aureus) ijwayele ukutholakala emathanjeni ezinyoni, emathanjeni amathoni kanye namalungu emilenze. Okuvamile, kungenziwa endaweni, esikhwameni se-yolk, inhliziyo, ama-vertebrae, emahlombe, nasesibindi namaphaphu ngendlela yama-granulomas.
Izici eziyinhloko ze-pathogenicity ze-staphylococci yizinkimbinkimbi zabo ze-enzyme, ama-exo-and-burnotoxins.
Izifundo nezimpawu
Isikhathi sokukhushulwa kwesifo singadlula amahora angu-48 kuya kwangu-72.
Ngokusho kohlobo lokugeleza, amafomu ajwayelekile futhi angapheli ayahluka. Emtholampilo ophuthumayo, izimpawu zibonakala njenge-vesicular dermatitis, i-cyanosis yezindawo zesikhumba ezithintekile nokuvuvukala kwekhanda.
Uma kwenzeka inkambo engapheli, lesi sifo sibonakala ngokuncipha kwesifiso, ukwehla komkhiqizo, ukukhathala, kanye ne-ankylosis yamalungu.
Kumpawu zokuqala zesifoNgiyakwazi ukufaka ukukhubazeka emlenzeni owodwa, ubuchopho, amaphuphu aqhekekile, ukugoqa kweyodwa noma kokubili amaphiko. Inyoni iyaqala ukusebenza, inomkhuhlane. Ezimweni ezimbi, ukucindezeleka okukhulu kungenzeka, kulandelwe ukufa.
Uma lesi sifo sibe sesiguli, amalunga enyoni ethintekile ayovuvukala. Uhlala phansi, egijima ngaphansi kwezingalo zakhe futhi encike esifubeni sakhe. Inyoni ayisasebenzi.
Ama-aarshotz ama-roosters abukeka enhle ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile ngenxa yombala wabo!Ingabe udinga ukufunda indlela yokubhekana ne-pasteurellosis ezinkukhu? Lapha uzothola impendulo!
I-staphylococcal omphalitis ibonakala ngezinqubo zokuvuvukala endaweni yendandatho yomzimba kanye nezicubu eziseduze nokubunjwa kwe-necrosis kule ndawo.
Lapho uqhuba ukuhlolwa komtholampilo wabantu abagulayo, ukuvuvukala kwengxenye ebusweni yekhanda kanye nesikhala se-intermaxillary kubonakala. Kwesinye isikhathi, izindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinamazinga ahlukahlukene zingabonwa esikhwameni.
Ukuhlonza
Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kwenziwa ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi: ngesisekelo somfanekiso wesitholampilo, idatha etholakale ngemuva kwemiphumela ye-autopsy kanye ne-laboratory ngokukhululwa kwe-pathogen.
Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa kwansuku zonke, kufanele uthathe inyoni egulayo smear, scrape noma ugeze kusuka endaweni ethintekile noma isampula yelitha evela enyonini esolisayo.
Ukuhlukanisa i-pathogen ebhokisatri ezivela ezindaweni ezithintekile futhi izitho zenza i-BCH (inyama ye-peptone broth) noma i-MPA (inyama peptone agar). Izifo eziphumela kuhlolwa zihlolwa ngokuhlola i-coagulation.
I-staphylococcosis kumele ihlukaniswe kusuka ku-pasteurellosis ne-pullorosis.. Ukusuka ezifweni ezingenakuxhumana, kuyadingeka ukukhipha ukuphawula (kusuka kokuntuleka kwezakhi zokulandelela) kanye ne-dermatitis etholakala nge-thiamine. I-bioprobes yokugcizelela ukucacisa ukuthi i-staphylococcus iphikisana kanjani nezinkukhu ezineminyaka engu-30-60 ubudala ngokutheleleka kwe-intraperitoneal.
Ukwelapha
Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo, inyoni egulayo isuswe endlini, futhi ingenwa yi-disinfected.
Le nyoni iyeka ukunikeza ukudla okusolisayo kwesilwane, ukuqhuba ucwaningo lwabo phambi kwe-staphylococcus ye-pathogenic.
Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa, amaqembu ahlukahlukene ama-antibiotic asetshenziswa. Uma ukhetha isidakamizwa kufanele kusekelwe ekuhloleni kwedatha ekuzweleni kwe-pathogen kumithi elwa nemithi ehlukahlukene.
Isimo jikelele sezinyoni ezigulayo siyacatshangelwa. Ukwelashwa kufanele kube okuphelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezandisa isimo somzimba wonke somzimba, kuhlanganise namavithamini.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokulawula
Ukulwa nalesi sifo, kuthathwa izinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukisa ukudla kanye nezimo zezinkukhu.
Ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection kwenziwa phambi kwezinkukhu phambi kwenkukhu usebenzisa ama-aerosol ahlakazeke kakhulu e-lactic acid, resorcinol, bianol, triethylene glycol.
Ukususwa kwezinsizakalo zezinhlangano zokufundisa kanye nama-eggburn, ukufakwa kwendawo, ukusungula kanye namaqanda kusebentisa isisombululo se-formaldehyde se-40% ekubalweni kwe-10-15 ml nge-1 cubic meter yekamelo. Ukushisa kulo akufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-15. Isikhathi sokuveza - amahora angu-6.
Bazama ukuvikela inyoni ngenxa yezimo zokucindezeleka ezifana nokuhamba kwesikhathi eside, ukuphulwa kwemibandela ye-microclimate nokusetshenziswa kwemigomo ephilayo.
Ukuze kuvikelwe izinkukhu emapulazini angenakulungiswa ku-staphylococcus, isetshenziswa se-staphylococcal toxoid. Izinkukhu zigonywe kabili ngeviki ezinsukwini eziyi-10-20.
I-anatoxin ingasetshenziswa kokubili i-intramuscularly ne-aerosol. Ukungakhulelwa komzimba kubonakala kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-7 ngemuva kokwelashwa kokugcina futhi kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili.
