I-cypress yisitshalo esihlala sikhona esifanekiselwa ngamabhushi we-coniffort nezihlahla zezindawo eziphakeme ngokweqile. Kunezinhlobo zemifino eziphakeme ezinobude obungaphansi kwamamitha ayi-0,5 nezitshalo ezinkulu ngaphezu kwama-70 m ukuphakama. Bangabomndeni wakwaCypress. Indawo le ithinta i-North America ne-East Asia. Kusukela ngekhulu le-18 ama-cypress aqala ukuhlobisa amapaki nezivande zaseYurophu. Namuhla asetshenziswa futhi njengesihlahla sendlu. Izimpiko ezithambile zikhipha iphunga elithile eligcwalisa indlu ngamanothi angavamile ezindawo ezishisayo zaseMpumalanga noma iMedithera.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I -ypress yisitshalo esinesiqu esiqinile, esiqinile, esimbozwe ngegxolo le-brown-brown. Isitshalo sondliwa yi-rhizome ethuthukisiwe. Sisakazeka kabanzi kububanzi kunokujula.
Umqhele we-pyramidal noma oqhakaza uqukethe amahlumela ahlutshiwe. Amagatsha amasha ambozwe ngezinaliti ezincane, okuthi ngokuhamba kweminyaka ziphenduke izikali ezinxantathu. Ziqinile komunye nomunye futhi zinombala oluhlaza ogqamile, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okhanyayo. I-flake ngayinye inenqenqema ekhomba, igobile ngaphakathi.
I-cypress iyisitshalo semonogotyledonous, okusho ukuthi, izitho zokuzala zabesilisa nabesifazane ziyaqhakaza kumuntu oyedwa. Amakheli akhula emaqenjini amagatsha anonyaka owodwa. Zinesimo esiyindilinga nendawo enamanzi amaningi. Ububanzi besigaxa esisodwa buyi-1-1,5 cm. Ngaphansi kwesikali esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eduze komunye nomunye kunezimbewu ezi-2. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka ngonyaka wokuqala. Imbewu ngayinye encanyana ifakwa emaceleni futhi inamaphiko amancanyana.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa
Sekukonke, izinhlobo eziyi-7 zezitshalo zibhalisiwe emndenini we-cypress. Ngaso leso sikhathi, kunezinhlobo ezingamakhulu ambalwa zokuhlobisa ezinganelisa izidingo zanoma yimuphi umqambi we-landscape.
Icypress pea. Isitshalo sisabalale sivela eJapan. Yisihlahla esifinyelela ku-30 m ukuphakama ngomqhele wepiramidi. Isiqu simbozwe ngokhuni olubomvu olubomvu okomdwebo. Yeluliwe, iqondana namandla kumagatsha esiqu anenqubo eyisicaba imbozwe ngenaliti eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amagatsha anezigaxa ezincane ezinsundu ophuzi onsundu aze afike ku-6 mm ubukhulu. Izinhlobo:
- Boulevard. Isihlahla esakhiwe ngesigaxa esingamamitha ayi-5 ukuphakama.Izinaliti ezinjenge-awl ezinombala osiliva-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zikhula emagatsheni athambile, zingadluli kubude be-6 cm.amaphethelo ezinaliti agobile ngaphakathi. Le nhlanganisela ye-thermophilic ayibekezeleli isithwathwa.
- UFilyera. Isitshalo esakhiwe njengomuthi esingamamitha ayi-5 ukuphakama sinomqhele obanzi obunjiwe onamagatsha alengiswe phansi emaphethelweni.
- Nana. Isihlahla esimfushane esidabukelayo esingama-60-80 cm ubude kanye nama-1.5 m ububanzi simbozwe ngezikali ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani.
- Ingane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Umuthi omude obungu-150-200 cm obude obunomqhele obukhulu obuhlanganisiwe umbozwe ngenaliti eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Sangold. Isihlahla esiyindilinga esingaba isigamu semitha ukuphakama sivezwa ngezinaliti ezithambile zombala oluhlaza okotshani.
Isigcini sikaLavson. Izinhlobo zaseNyakatho Melika zisihlahla esinamandla angama-70 m ukuphakama. Ngaphandle, kufana nesigaxa esincane. Izinaliti zihlukaniswa ngumthunzi omnyama wokuluhlaza okotshani. Isingenhla sivame ukwehla ngasohlangothini olulodwa. Isiqu simbozwe ngexolo lamellar elibomvu onsundu, futhi izigaxa ezinombala onsundu zikhula ngamaqembu emaphethelweni amagatsha. Ububanzi babo bufika ku-10 cm. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa:
- I-Elwoodi - isihlahla esingu-3 m ubude nesigaxa esimise okotshani obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sikhula siba namagatsha aqhakaza emaphethelweni;
- I-Snow White - isihlahla esinekholomu enenaliti ezinemibala eminingi embozwe umngcele wesiliva;
- I-Yvonne - isitshalo esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5 ukuphakama sinomqhele ohlanganisiwe onamagatsha aqonde mpo, ambozwe ngenaliti ephuzi egolide noma yenaliti eluhlaza;
- I-Columnaris - isihlahla esingu-5-10 m cishe ukusuka emhlabathini uqobo simbozwe ngamagatsha aqinile mpunga-aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-cypress buthuntu (blunted). Isitshalo esithambile esingamamitha angama-50 ubude sivela eJapan. Isiqu saso ku-girth singaba ngamamitha ayi-2. Simbozwe ngegxolo elinsundu elikhanyayo. Amagatsha anezikhala eziphindaphindwe kaningi alengiswa emikhawulweni. Zimbozwe izikali ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani noma eziluhlaza okotshani. Izinhlobo:
- IDracht (Dratt) - isihlahla esikhula kancane ngonyaka ngeminyaka eyi-10 sifinyelela ku-1.5-2 m, sinesimo esilinganisanayo sobumbala nombala ohlaza grey;
- IRashahiba - isihlahla esimfushane esimfushane esinamagatsha aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza kanye nezigaxa ze-orange noma ezi-brownish;
- INana Gracilis - isihlahla esifinyelela ku-60 cm ubude sinesimo esibanzi esigoqekile nezinaliti eziluhlaza okotshani obumnyama.
I-Nutkansky cypress. Izitshalo zitholakala ogwini lwePacific lwaseNyakatho Melika. Yizihlahla ezingamamitha angama-40 ukuphakama nomqhele omnyama ombozwe izinaliti ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani. On the amagatsha kukhona Izigaxa eyindilinga 1-1.2 cm ububanzi. Izinhlobo:
- I-Leyland - isitshalo esiphakeme esingu-15-20 m ukuphakama futhi sifinyelela ku-5.5 m ububanzi sinesimo esincanyana se-pyramidal esinamagatsha avuleke njengofenisha wombala oluhlaza okotshani;
- IPendula yizinhlobonhlobo zokukhala ezibukeka njengekhandlela elinamagatsha aluhlaza avela drooping.
Izindlela zokuzala
I-cypress isatshalaliswa ngembewu nange-vegetatively (ukusikwa okuluhlaza okotshani). Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele izitshalo zezinhlobo, ngoba izici zezinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswa kalula. Umthamo wokuhluma uphikelela iminyaka eyi-15 ngemuva kokuvunwa. Ukuze impahla yembewu idlule ekuhlelweni okungokwemvelo, izilimo zikhiqizwa emabhokisini anesihlabathi kanye nhlabathi wepeat ngo-Okthoba. Zivele zikhishwe ziye emgwaqweni zimbozwe ngesigqoko esibucayi. Ekupheleni kukaMashi, iziqukathi zilethwa egumbini elifudumele (+ 18 ... + 22 ° C), igumbi elikhanyiswe kahle. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile akunasidingo.
Amahlumela avela ngokushesha okukhulu, adinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo. Izithombo esezikhulile zingena kwelinye ibhokisi elinebanga le-10-15 cm noma ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli, lapho kungekho qhwa, ama-kaparisoviks athathwa amahora amaningi nsuku zonke ukuze aqine. Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, izihlahla eziqinile ze-cypress zitshalwa endaweni evulekile emthunzini oyingxenye. Ebusika bokuqala bazodinga indawo yokuhlala enhle.
Ukusakazeka ngokubeka phezu komhlaba kubhekwa njengendlela elula kunazo zonke, efanelekile izihlahla ezivulekile nezinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo. Ngenkathi yentwasahlobo, i-incision yenziwa ku-bark futhi igxiliswe enhlabathini, ilungisa ngesigaxa noma itshe. Phezulu kuyaphakanyiswa bese kusekelwa izigaxa. Isizini yonke udinga ukunisela hhayi kuphela isitshalo somama, kodwa nesakhiwo. Kungekudala uzoba nezimpande zakhe, kepha uhlela ukuhamba nokufakelwa intwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ukusika kungenye yezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokuzala. Ngayo, amahlumela amasha anobubanzi obungu-5-15 cm anqunywa phakathi kwentwasahlobo. Eduzane nokusika okungaphansi, izinaliti ziyasuswa. Izithombo ezisikiwe ezimbizeni zezimbali ezinengxube ye-perlite, isihlabathi kanye namagxolo we-coniferous. Izithombo zimbozwe ngefilimu lapho zilondolozela umswakama ophezulu. I-Rooting yenzeka phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-1-2. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izitshalo zidluliselwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile futhi ziphinde zimbozwe ngesigaxa sobala. Kuze kube sebusika, ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi zizokwazi ukusinda kubanda ngaphandle kokukhosela. Ngokusika sekwephuzile, izithombo zishiywa ezitsheni egumbini elipholile kuze kube entwasahlobo.
Ukufika kwangaphandle
Ukutshala i-cypress engadini, khetha indawo enomthunzi, epholile. Izinaliti eziphuzi xaxa ngombala wezinaliti, yilapho kudingeka khona isitshalo. Umhlabathi kumele ukhululeke, ube nomsoco futhi uhanjiswe kahle. Okuqukethwe kweLime akwamukelekile. Ikhula kahle ikypress ku-loam.
Ukufakwa kwamathambo kuhlelwa u-Ephreli. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kungcono ukulungiselela umgodi wokufika ufike ku-90 cm ukujula kanye nama-60 cm ububanzi lapho sekuwa. Ungqimba lwesihlabathi olugqinsi (kusuka ku-20 cm) lubekwa phansi. Umgodi uyaniselwa futhi izimpande ziphathwa ngesixha somhlaba ngesisombululo seKornevin. Ngemuva kokubeka i-rhizome, isikhala samahhala simbozwe ngengxube ye-turf yenhlabathi, i-peat, i-leaf humus nesihlabathi. Umsuka wempande ugxunyekwe ekuphakameni kuka-10-20 cm ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi, ukuze kuthi uma usubumba ube nomhlabathi. Ngokushesha emva kokukhwabanisa, izithombo zondliwa "i-Nitroammofoskoy", futhi ingaphezulu lomhlabathi lifakwe emanzini. Ekutshaleni kweqembu, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo li-1-1,5 m.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
I-cypress yasemgwaqweni ithanda umswakama ophakeme wenhlabathi nomoya. Kufanele ziniselwe njalo futhi zifafazwe. Uma kungekho imvula yemvelo, ibhakede lamanzi lithululelwa isonto ngalinye ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Kungcono ukufafaza izitshalo kusihlwa. Inhlabathi esemhlabathini oyimpande ivulwa njalo ibe ngu-cm angama-20. Ukhula lungakhula eduze kwesihlahla esisha, okufanele sisuswe. Kuyasiza ukucija ingaphezulu nge-Peat noma i-sawdust.
Ukukhula okusebenzayo, i-cypress idinga ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ngo-Ephreli-Juni, izikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngenyanga, umhlaba ufafazwa ngomanyolo oyimbumba, bese isitshalo siniselwa kakhulu. Kungcono ukusebenzisa uhhafu womthamo onconyiwe. Ukusuka kuJulayi-Agasti, ukondla kuyamiswa ukuze i-cypress ilungiselelwe ubusika.
Izinhlobo eziningi zimelana neqhwa, kepha zingabanda ebusika obubanda, obungenabo iqhwa. Ekwindla, umbuthano wesiqu wesikebhe ufakwe nge-peat futhi embozwe ngamahlamvu awile. Izihlahla ze-cypress ezincane zingambozwa ngokuphelele ngamagatsha e-spruce kanye nezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, yonke indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa, neqhwa lihlakazeke ukuze izitshalo zingacofi.
Ukuze unikeze ukwakheka, ama-cypress shears. Babekezelela le nqubo kahle, kepha kufanele yenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi sokuthena, amagatsha aqandisiwe futhi omile ayasuswa, kuthi amahlumela angaphandle ngendlela evamile nawo asikwe. Lesi sakamuva sifushaniswa sibe yingxenye yesithathu yobude.
I-cypress yisitshalo esingamelana nezifo namagciwane. Izinhlobo zethu ezibuthakathaka kuphela ezihlaselwa yizilokazane ezinjengezicabucabu noma izinambuzane ezikalwa kuzo. Ukwelapha izinambuzane kuzosusa izinambuzane ngokushesha. Ngokukhukhula okuvame kwenhlabathi, ukukhula kwezimpande kungakhula. Kungenzeka ukuthi uphunyuke kukho ekuqaleni kwesigaba. Inhlabathi nezitshalo ziphathwa nge fung fungus.
UCypress endlini
Izihlahla zomdanso nezihlahlana zingatshalwa ebhodweni ukuhlobisa igumbi. Ekhaya, i-cypress kumele inikeze umswakama ophezulu nokunisela okuvamile. Ukushisa okuphezulu unyaka wonke kungo + 20 ... + 25 ° C.
I-Rhizome ikhula ngokushesha futhi idinga isikhala samahhala, ngakho-ke izitshalo zidluliselwa njalo ngeminyaka engu-1-3, kancane kancane zikhulisa ibhodwe kubhavu enkulu.
Sebenzisa
Isitshalo esihlala sihle sisetshenziselwa ukuklama izindlela nezindawo zokupaka epaki nasengadini enkulu. Ihlwanyelwe ngamaqembu noma i-singly maphakathi notshani, njengezwi eliqhakazile. Izihlahla ezikhulayo eziphansi, ezikhalela kufanelekile ukuhlobisa i-rockery, ingadi enamadwala noma igquma le-alpine.
Ehlobo, izitshalo zizoba indawo ekahle yezimbali ezikhanyayo, kanti ebusika zizosiza ekuguquleni ingadi eyisicefe ibe yimbi ebonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo ngenkathi ebandayo zishintsha umbala ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma wegolide.
