I-Weigela - izihlahla eziningi eziqhakaza futhi eziqhakaza izimbali. Ibizwa ngemuva kososayensi waseJalimane uK.E. Weigel. Lesi sitshalo ngesikaHoneysuckle womndeni. Izwe lakubo liyisiqhingi saseJava, empumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. I-Weigel ingatholakala enhlabathini enomswakama emahlathini akhanyayo notshanini obunelanga. Ngenxa yobuhle bayo nobunjalo bayo obungahloniphi, isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amapaki, izingadi neziza zomuntu uqobo. Ngokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo ezincane, inani lokuhlobisa izinhlobo zephalethi engavamile likhulu kakhulu.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-Weigela isihlahla esinqumayo esinamagquma aqondile, aqondile. I-Rhizome egayiwe iyayondla ngaphandle kwezinqubo ezivundlile (ama-stolons), ngakho-ke isihlahla asibeki indawo eseduze futhi sihlala sibumbene. Iziqu zimbozwe ngamagxolo aqhekeka onsundu. Baziqinisa kakhulu kusuka kusisekelo. Amacembe ama-petiole alula akhula ngokuhlukile. Zinejamo le-oval ezinamacala we-seranced kanye nomphetho okhombe.
Ama-Weigela aqhakaza kabili ngonyaka: ekupheleni kukaMeyi nango-Agasti. Izimbali zihlala cishe inyanga. Ama-Budget akhiwa kuluhlaza okuncane futhi anikezwe amagatsha ngonyaka odlule. Emagxeni amaqabunga, kuvela izimbali ngazinye noma amabhulashi aminyene aminyene wama-2-6 efihlekile. Ama-pedicel amafushane kakhulu noma awekho nhlobo.
I-Corolla yefomu elifanele liqukethe amacembe amahlanu ama-ovoid onqenqemeni olukhomba. Adwetshwe ngemibala emhlophe, ephuzi, epinki, ebomvu okumnyama noma onsomi. Imvamisa, ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, umbala uba lula noma ube ngaphezulu. Ngokwesisekelo, amacembe akha i-tube enkulu. Izitebhisi ezinhlanu ezinama-anthers aqondile kanye nekholamu encane yama-ovary enesihluku esivelayo siphuma kuso. Ubude bentyatyambo evulekile bufika ku-5 cm.
Ngemuva kokuvota, kwakhiwa amabhokisi amancane e-bivalve anemiphetho enkuni enzima. Zinejamo le-ovoid noma le-oval elinekhala elincane. Ngaphakathi kunezimbewu eziningi ezincane ze-angular, ngezikhathi ezithile ezinamaphiko.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-Weigela
Sekukonke, izinhlobo eziyi-15 zihlangene ohlotsheni lwe Weigela. Kulawa, cishe ayi-7 asetshenziswa emasikweni. Kodwa ukwahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahluka kokuhlukahlukahlukahlukahlukahluka kokuhlukahlukahlukahluka kwalokho okuhlukahlukene
Weigel Middendorff. I-Slender deciduous shrub ikhula ukuphakama ngo-1-1.5 m. Inokumelana okuhle nesithwathwa futhi ikhula ngenkuthalo futhi ukuqhakaza ngisho nasemthunzini. Isitshalo sinamahlumela akhuphukayo. Amacembe aluhlaza aqhakazile emithanjeni ayindawo yokuphuza. NgoMeyi nangoSepthemba, izimbali ezinobubanzi bokuqhakaza okungama-3-4 cm. Aqoqwa emaphethelweni amahlumela amasha kumabhulashi aminyene wama-2-6 efihlekile futhi athokozela ubuhle bawo izinsuku ezingama-25-30. Ama-corollas aphuzi aphuzi ambozwe izindawo ezinamawolintshi kanye namachashazi.
Ukuqhakaza Weigela (Florida). Isihlahla esikhulu (kuze kufike ku-3 m ukuphakama) simbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza ovoid amnyama anama-petioles amafushane. Amahlamvu anemiphetho ecwengekile kahle nenqwaba evundile eduze komthambo ophakathi nendawo. Izimbali ezicijile zensimbi ebomvu zibuthwa kuma-inflorescence avele ayi-3-4 efihlekile. Bavela ngoMeyi futhi bahlala izinsuku ezingama-20. Izinhlobo:
- I-Weigela red - isihlahla esiminyene esifinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphakama sikhula siba namaqabunga abomvu ansundu, futhi maphakathi noJuni siqhakaza izimbali ezinamaphara apinki acebile nendawo ephakathi nendawo;
- I-Nana aimurea - ikhophi emfushane yezinhlobonhlobo zangaphambili;
- I-Weigela pink - isihlahla esivuthayo sichitha izimbali ezincane. Ngaphandle, amacembe ayipinki-carmine, futhi ngaphakathi akhanya, acishe abe mhlophe;
- I-Variegata - imelana neqhwa, izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle nenokuphakama kwama-blooms ayi-2-2,5 m ngezimbali ezincane (ukuya ku-3.5 cm) izimbali ezi-pink ezikhanyayo;
- Okumnyama okuncane kuyinto encanyana, ekhula kancane kancane enohlaza omnyama, amaqabunga abomvu kulo lonke ihlobo, embozwe izimbali ezimnyama zepinki ezingama-25 mm ubukhulu
- I-Alexandra - isihlahlana esiyindilinga esinobubanzi obungu-1-1,5 m simbozwe ngemibala ephakathi nendawo noma emafulethi amnyama okotshani onsomi, engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo kuvula izinsimbi ezibomvu kuze kube-4 cm.
Weigela hybrid. Isihlahla esinomqhele omnyama sikhula sibe ngama-150 cm amade. Izimbali ezinhle zethhubhu elinobumnandi obuqhakaza kuso. Umbala uphethwe ngamathoni amhlophe, apinki, onsomi, onsomi. Izinhlobo:
- IBristol Ruby - ebangeni eliphakeme ngamamitha ayi-2,5, ububanzi besihlahlana sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-3,5. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile akhula emagatsheni, kuthi kube sekupheleni kukaJuni izimbali ze-tubular ziyavela. Eziphondweni ze-rose kukhona umngcele we-ruby nendawo ye-orange ezansi.
- I-Red Prince - isihlahla esivuthayo esifinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphakama siqukethe amahlumela aqothulayo anamaqabunga aluhlaza. Izimbali zakhe zibomvu ngokugqamile, zinkulu.
- U-Eva Ratke - isihlahla esihlangene esinokuphakama okungama-50-60 cm ngoJuni-Agasti simbozwe izimbali ezicwebezelayo ze-tubular zemibala ebomvu ye-carmine.
- INana Varigata iyi-Weigela ehlanganisiwe ene-raspberry noma izimbali ezimhlophe-ezipinki, eqoqwe ngamabhulashi ama-3-4 efihlekile.
- Ikhadinali isitshalo esikhulu esinezimbali eziningi ezimhlophe qhwa.
- UWigela unamehlo abomvu - amacembe omnqumo acwebezelayo enkabeni anendawo ebomvu.
- I-Carnival - isihlahla mude ngamaqabunga angama-oval aluhlaza ngo-June-Julayi blooms izimbali ezibomvu ezibubende.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ama-Weigels asebenzisa imbewu noma ukusikwa kokusakazeka. Ukuhlwanyela, imbewu kuze kube unyaka owodwa kufanele ithathwe. Le ndlela ilungele ukusakazwa kwezitshalo zezinhlobo, ngoba izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukayo zihlukaniswa kalula. Izitshalo zingenziwa masinyane emhlabathini ovulekile ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ezimbizeni ezinenhlabathi evundile evundile. Lapho kuvela amahlumela anobungane anamaqabunga amabili, ayakhululwa futhi anwetshwe ngaphandle. Ngemuva konyaka, izitshalo zizokhula zibe yi-6-7 cm ezinde futhi zizoba namaqabunga angama-6-8. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi okutshalekile akuyona iminyene kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-rhizomes azodideka. Kusukela ngonyaka wesibili, i-weigel ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Ezitshalweni ezincane, ukuvikela amaqabunga ebusika kubaluleke kakhulu. Eminyakeni emibili, isithombo sizokhula sibe ngama-40-50 cm amade, futhi sizoqala ukuqhakaza sisuka eminyakeni emi-4.
Ekusakazeni, ama-weigels ngokusika asebenzisa amahlumela aluhlaza aluhlaza. Basikwa ehlobo. Igatsha ngalinye kufanele libe nezindawo ezingama-2. Ngemuva kokusika, amaqabunga asuswa noma afinyeziwe ngama-30-50%. Emahoreni angama-1-2, ukusika kubekwa emanzini afudumele ajwayelekile, bese kuphathwa ngokwakhiwa kwezimpande (i-heteroauxin) amahora ayi-12. Kulesi sigaba, zigcinwa endaweni emnyama ngeqondo lokushisa lika + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Ngemuva kwaloko letisikiwe titshalwa emhlabatsini we sandy peat. Fafaza inhlabathi phezulu ngesendlalelo sesihlabathi somfula bese umboza okutshalekile ngefilimu ngomphumela wokugcina ukushisa. Ukunisela kwenziwa kabili ngosuku. Imvamisa yonke impahla yokutshala ibangelwa.
Ukutshala izithombo ezisikiwe, zisikwa ngo-Ephreli, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu. Ubude bamagatsha buyi-15-20 cm. Ngemuva kokulashwa ngeKornevin, izingcezu zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezinesihlabathi nomhlabathi omfusa. Zimbozwe ngefilimu. Ukubamba kwezimpawu kwenzeka emavikini ambalwa, kodwa ngempumelelo engaphansi. Ngemuva kwenyanga, amahlumela ancipha, bese anikezwa ukudla okubunjiwe noma okunamaminerali (i-mullein, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate). Izitshalo ezikhulile zitshalelwe engadini.
Ukufika nendawo
I-Weigel ithatha indawo ekhanyiselwe kahle, ebiyelwe. Ukusuka kokubhaliwe kanye nokuthena okubandayo komoya, efihlekile iwa ngaphandle kokuqhuma. Inhlabathi kumele ibe yikhululekile, ivundile futhi ibe nomswakama owanele. Kungaba loam futhi sandy sandwich nge ukungathathi hlangothi noma kancane alkaline ukusabela. I-Weigel Middendorff kuphela evumelana kahle nenhlabathi ene-peaty enobuthi.
Engadini, kungcono ukukhetha izitshalo kusuka eminyakeni engu-3. I-landings yenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwama-buds. Lapho utshala ekwindla, i-weigel kwesinye isikhathi ayinaso isikhathi sokuvumelana nezimo futhi ifa ebusika obandayo. Ngokutshala, imigodi enobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-30- 40 iyalungiswa. Isikhala samahhala sigcwele umhlaba ngokufakwa komquba ne-nitrophosphate (kuze kufike ku-100 g ngesihlahla ngasinye).
Ekutshaleni kweqembu, ibanga lincike ekuphakameni kwezinhlobo ezithile. Kusuka ku-80 cm kuye ku-1.5-2 m. AmaRhizomes abekwe kahle futhi ahlanganisiwe. Intamo yezimpande kufanele ibe ngaphezulu noma ijule ngo-1-2 cm. Ekupheleni kokutshala, yenza ukuchelela okuningana bese kufingqa ingaphezulu lomhlabathi.
Izici Zokunakekela
U-Weigela akazithobi, ukumnakekela ngeke kube umthwalo kakhulu. Izitshalo ziniselwa kuphela ngokungabikho isikhathi eside kwezulu kanye nezinsuku ezishisa kakhulu. Ngezikhathi ezithile, sikhula isiza bese sisusa ukhula. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqapha, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande lutholakala eduze kobuso.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa kokufaka umanyolo iminyaka emibili, i-weigel ayihlanganisiwe. Lapho entwasahlobo yenza ingxenye yomanyolo wamaminerali (ammofoska, diammofoska). Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, phakathi nesikhathi sokuhluma, izihlahla ziniselwa ngesisombululo se-potassium sulfate noma i-superphosphate. Ngesikhathi sokumba ekwindla, izinkuni zomlotha (200 g / m²) noma iKemira zingeniswa embuthanweni wesiqu.
U-Weigel udinga ukuthenwa okujwayelekile ukuze kuhlale kukhanga. Entwasahlobo yenza ukuhlanzwa kwendle. Amagatsha aphukile futhi aqandisiwe ayasuswa. Ehlobo, umqhele unciphile futhi ubunjiwe. Ngesikhathi sokuthena kwehlobo, kuphela ingxenye yamagatsha ayisusiwe, ngoba izimbali eziphindaphindwayo zibangelwa ukukhula okuncane. Njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4, ama-bush kufanele avuselelwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa kuze kube ngama-30% amagatsha. Zinqunywe phansi. Kwesinye isikhathi basebenza ukusika okugcwele kwesihlahla. Ukukhathazeka ngokuvuselelwa komqhele akusifanele, i-Weigela ibekezelela ngokuphelele noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinwele.
Ekwindla, i-Weigela ilungiselelwe ubusika. Ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga, umbuthano wesiqu uthi ufafazwa ngomhlaba bese ufakwe emanzini. Umqhele wezitshalo ezithanda ukushisa uboshwe ngamawele futhi umbozwe ngezinto ezingasokiwe noma izinto zophahla. Isakhiwo silungisiwe, kanti phezulu simbozwe ngamahlamvu awile. Ebusika, kunconywa ukunyathela iqhwa eduze kwezimpande ukuze izinduku zingalimazi amahlumela.
Imvamisa, i-weigela iyamelana nezifo zezitshalo. Uma indawo yayo ikhethwe ingenamithunzi futhi imanzi kakhulu, ukubola okungwevu, ukugqwala noma ukubala kungakhula. I- "Topsin" noma i-Bordeaux ketshezi (ingxube ye-lime nge-sulfate yethusi) isiza ukubhekana nalokhu ukhunta. Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuvuthwa.
Phakathi kwezinye zezinambuzane ezicasulayo ze-Weigela, aphid, amacimbi, ama-spips kanye nama-spider mites. Lapho kuvela izinambuzane, inhlabathi namahlumela kuphathwa ngesilokazane (i-Aktara, Karbofos). Ungasebenzisa futhi ukulungiswa kwamakhambi (ukumiliselwa ugalikhi, umhlonyane). Ngezinye izikhathi izitshalo ezitshaliwe kuphela eziqala ukubuna. Isizathu salokhu amabhere noma izibungu zebhungane likaMeyi. Bawela emhlabathini ngomquba. Zisiza nokuphuza okuningi ngesisombululo sezinambuzane.
Ukusetshenziswa kwengadi
Kusetshenziswa izihlahla ze-Weigel ngamaqembu kanye nokutshala okukodwa ezindaweni ezivulekile zotshani, eceleni kwendlela, ekungeneni engadini noma eduze kwendlu. Zisetshenziselwa ukuklanywa kwezakhiwo, ukuklama ama-slides e-alpine noma ingadi ejabulisa kakhulu yaseJapan. I-Weigela ingahlanganiswa nezinye izihlahlana, njenge-barberry, i-cotoneaster, i-spirea, i-cypress.
