ITradescantia isitshalo sotshani esivela emndenini wakwaComeline. Imvamisa iqukethe izithombo ezishintshashintshayo futhi isebenza njengesitshalo eselukhuni noma esikhulu. I-Latin America ithathwa njengendawo yokuzalwa ye-tradescantia, yize itholakala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu ezishisayo nezishisayo zamanye amazwekazi, lapho izitshalo zakha ikhava eluhlaza oluqhubekayo. Ithenda tradescantia ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge -plplant, kepha ingasebenza njengomhlobiso wensimu futhi ibuye ibe nezindawo zokupholisa. Ekunakekelweni kwezitshalo, kudingeka umzamo omkhulu. Amahlumela athambile ahlala ejabulisa ubuhle futhi ambozwe njalo ngezimbali.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Tradescantia - zisetshenziswa ezinwabuzelayo eziguqukayo noma ngeziqu ezikhuphukayo. Amahlumela amahle anamanzi ambozwe ngamaqabunga ajwayelekile e-oval, noma amaqabunga e-lanceolate. I-Foliage ikhula kuma-petioles amafushane noma ifaka amahlumela ngesisekelo. Ungaba nombala osobala noma ogqamile ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, onsomi noma onsomi. Ingaphezulu leqabunga linobala noma linobuningi be-pubescent. Lapho uthintana nenhlabathi, izimpande zivela ngokushesha kuzindawo.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezihlukile zonyaka, ama-inflorescence amancane aminyene aqhakaza ezihlangeni ze-tradescantia. Ziqukethe ama-buds amaningi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kuphela kwembulwa izimbali ezimbalwa zombala omhlophe noma onsomi. Noma ukuqhakaza kungahlala izinyanga ezi-3-4, imbali eyodwa ihlala usuku kuphela. Ama-corollas amamayela amathathu amnyama athambile avela ku-calesx emnyama eluhlaza. Ama-petals akhululekile. Maphakathi nesixuku kunesitimu eside esinezimpondo ezinkulu eziphuzi emaphethelweni. Ama-stamens nawo ambozwe ngenqwaba ende yesiliva.
Ngemuva kokuvota, izindwani ezincane ze-oblong ezinezimbambo ezibheke phezulu ziboshwe. Ukhiphe ibhokisi lomswakama libe amaqabunga ama-2.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-tradescantia
Kakade namuhla, ama-botanists athola izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-75 zezitshalo. Ezinye zazo zithandwa kakhulu.
I-Tradescantia igeleza okumhlophe. Amahlumela agobekayo amboza amaqabunga ama-ovoid noma ama-oval. Amapulangwe ayi-6 cm ubude nama-2,5 cm ububanzi anomphetho okhonjisiwe. Ingaphezulu lazo libushelelezi, licacile noma i-motley, linemibala. Ama-umbrella inflorescence anezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe akhiwa eziqongweni zamahlumela. Izinhlobo:
- I-Aurea - amaqabunga aphuzi embozwe ngemivimbo eluhlaza;
- I-Tricolor - iqabunga eliluhlaza limbozwe ngemivimbo ye-lilac, pink and white.
I-Tradescantia Virgin. I-Herbaceous perennial enamaqabunga aqondile, aqhekeziwe akhula ngo-50-60 cm. Umbozwe ngamaqabunga angasho lutho noma ama-lanceolate sessile. Ubude beplate yeqabunga bufika ku-20 cm nobubanzi obuyi-4 cm. Izimbali ezinamaphara ansomi noma abomvana zixhunyaniswe kuma-inflorescence aminyene. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala maphakathi nehlobo futhi sithatha izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezimbili.
Tradescantia Anderson. Iqembu lezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa liwumphumela wokuzalela ngokubukeka kwangaphambilini. Izitshalo ezinamahlamvu, amahlumela aqondile akhula ngo-30-80 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga akhulisiwe e-lanceolate akhula ngeziqu ezinamacala. Izimbali ezingama-Flat ezintathu-zependi zidwetshwe ngemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emhlophe, epinki kanye nsomi. Izimbali zenzeka ehlobo lonke. Izinhlobo:
- Iris - izimbali ku-hue eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ejulile;
- I-Leonora - izimbali ezincane ze-violet-blue;
- U-Osprey - onezimbali ezimhlophe qhwa.
I-Tradescantia yeBlossfeld. Amahlumela enyama asakazeka emhlabathini futhi afane nokudla. Zimbozwe isikhumba esiluhlaza okotshani obomvu. Amahlamvu weSedentary oval onqenqemeni olukhonjisiwe akhula ngo-4-8 cm ubude nama-cm cm angama-1-3 ububanzi Ingaphezulu layo liluhlaza okotshani obomvu. Uhlangothi lwe-Flip lu-nsomi, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ama-axillary inflorescence aqukethe ama-corollas anama-petals ama-3 angahlaza onsomi. Emathuneni nasebusweni kukhona inqwaba ende yesilika.
ITradescantia ingumfula. Iziqu ezintekenteke ezintekenteke ziphakama ngaphezu komhlaba. Zimbozwe ngesikhumba esibushelelezi-esibomvu. Ezindaweni ezinqabile, amaqabunga aluhlaza ovoid aqhakazile akhula ngo-2-2,5 cm ubude nama-1.5-2 cm ububanzi. Umhlane wamahlamvu ubomvu we-lilac.
I-Tradescantia zebrin. Isitshalo esinesiqu ezinwabuzelayo kwesinye isikhathi sisetshenziswa njengesiqalo. Imbozwe ngamaqabunga ama-ovoid amafushane anamaphethelo. Ubude bamahlamvu buyi-8-10 cm, futhi ububanzi bube yi-4-5 cm. Ngasohlangothini olungaphambili kunemivimbo yesiliva etholakala ngokulinganayo emthanjeni ophakathi nendawo. Uhlangothi oluhle lungu-monophonic, olubomvu lwe-lilac. Izimbali ezincane zingububende noma onsomi.
I-Tradescantia yi-violet. I-Herbaceous perennial enamahlumela amaningi ahlakazekile, aqondile noma ahlala indawo. Iziqu namahlamvu zinombala onsomi onsomi. Ngemuva kwamaqabunga yi-pubescent. Izimbali ezincane zinezimbambo ezi-3 ezibomvana noma ezi-raspberry.
I-Tradescantia incane-leved. Isitshalo sokuhlobisa kakhulu esifanele ukulinyelwa ngaphakathi. Iziqu zawo ezondile ze-lilac-brown zimbozwe ngokungenamkhawulo ngezinto ezincane kakhulu (kuze kube ngu-5 mm ubude), amaqabunga e-ovate. Izinhlangothi zeshidi zibushelelezi, ziyacwebezela. Ingaphambili linombala oluhlaza okotshani obumnyama, kanti okuhlanhlayo yi-lilac.
I-Tradescantia vesicular (rheo). Isitshalo esidala esinenhlamvu enamabala, aqondile angama-30-40 cm.I-rosette eminyene kakhulu ye-lanceolate ishiya ubude obuyi-20-30 cm nobubanzi obuyi-cm ayi-7. Inendawo ebushelelezi, uhlangothi olungaphambili oluhlaza oluhlaza kanye nomhlane opinki-onsomi. Izimbali azihlali isikhathi eside. Izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe zakha ngaphansi kombhede obunjengombhede. Ngokwesakhiwo esinjalo sama-inflorescence, uhlobo lolo lubizwa nge- "Rook of Moses."
Izindlela zokuzala
I-Tradescantia ingasakazwa ngezindlela ezikhiqizayo (inzalo) nezimila (ukusikwa, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla) izindlela. Kuhlwanyelwa imbewu ngoMashi. Lungiselela amapuleti ngesihlabathi ne-peat inhlabathi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Imbewu emihle isatshalaliswa ngokucophelela ebusweni bese icindezelwa emhlabathini. Izitshalo ziyaniselwa futhi zimbozwe ngefilimu. I-greenhouse igcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama-20 20 C nokukhanya okukhona. I-Condensate kufanele isuswe njalo bese inhlabathi inyanyekwe. Amahlumela avela emavikini angama-1-2, ngemuva kwalokho kukhishwe indawo yokukhosela. Izithombo ezikhulile zidluliselwa emabhodweni anomhlabathi wezitshalo zabantu abadala. Ukuqhakaza kwazo kuzokwenzeka eminyakeni engama-2-3.
Lapho kusatshalaliswa ukusikwa, iziqalo zeziqu zinqunywa ubude obungaba ngu-10-15 cm. Zingagxila emanzini noma zithukululwe inhlabathi evundile. Izitshalo zimbozwe ngefilimu futhi zigcinwa ku- + 15 ... + 20 ° C, shading elangeni ngqo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10 (amaviki angama-6-8 ezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa), kuzothuthukiswa isiqu futhi ukukhula okusebenzayo kuzoqala.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, isihlahla esikhulu singahlukaniswa saba izingxenye eziningi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iningi lamahlaya obumba lisuswa ezimpandeni bese lisikwa ngesigaxa. Izindawo zokusikeka ziphathwa ngamalahle ochotshoziwe. U-Delenki watshala ngokushesha, angavumeli ukuthi i-rhizome yomile.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukuhlobisa indlu nge-tradescantion yegumbi kuzoba kuhle kakhulu. Kwanele ukumhlinzeka ngezimo ezintofontofo.
Isibani Ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokufiphaza okuvela elangeni lasemini kuyadingeka. Imisebe eqondile kungenzeka ekuseni noma kusihlwa, kungenjalo amahlamvu asheshe ashiswe. Ungabeka amabhodwe ekujuleni kwekamelo laseningizimu noma ngasempumalanga (entshonalanga) amawindows. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinamaqabunga ahlukahlukene.
Ukushisa Ngo-Ephreli-Septhemba, i-tradescant izoba ntofontofo ngo + 25 ° C. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, udinga ukufaka egumbini isikhala esiningi noma uthathe izimbali umoya omusha. Ubusika kufanele bube bushubile (+ 8 ... + 12 ° C). Lokhu kuzonxephezela amahora amafushane okukhanya kwemini futhi kuvimbele iziqu ukuba zelule. Ungashiya i-tradescantia ebusika ifudumele futhi usebenzise isibani sasemuva.
Umswakama. I-Tradescantia ivumelanisa kahle nomswakama ojwayelekile endlini, kodwa isabela ngokuthokoza ngokufafaza. Ugeza futhi ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka othulini.
Ukunisela. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukuthambisa kufanele kube kuningi ukuze inhlabathi yomile kuphela phezu komhlaba. Wonke uketshezi ngokweqile ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphuza ususiwe. Ngobusika obupholile, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kakhulu ukuze isikhunta singakhuli. Izipuni ezimbalwa ngesonto kwanele.
Umanyolo. Ngo-Ephreli-Agasti izikhathi ezi-2 kabili ngenyanga, i-tradescantia idliswa ngesisombululo sokumbiwa okuphezulu kwamaminerali noma i-organic. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo, i-organics ayisetshenziswa. Kuwo wonke unyaka, Umanyolo awudingeki.
Ukufakelwa I-Tradescantia ibekezelela ukufakelwa okuhle. Ngokuya ngeminyaka, kwenziwa njalo ngeminyaka eyi-1-3. Uma kunesidingo, izihlahla zihlukaniswe, kanye namagatsha amadala, angenalutho. Ingxube yenhlabathi kumele ibe yikhululekile futhi ivundile. Ungathenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo noma uzenzele yona kusuka ku:
- inhlabathi eqabulayo (amahora ama-2);
- inhlabathi enosawoti (ihora eli-1);
- amaqabunga ama-humus (ihora eli-1);
- isihlabathi (amahora angu-0.5).
Izifo nezinambuzane. Imvamisa i-tradescantia ayihlushwa izifo zezitshalo. Esimweni esingajwayelekile, isitshalo esibuthakathaka singathelela ukhunta (ukubola kwezimpande, i-powdery hlobo. Kusuka ezimungwini, ama-aphid nama-slugs kungamkhathaza.
Ukutshala ingadi
Ingadi tradescantia ingumhlobiso omuhle wesiza. Ekubunjweni komhlaba, kusetshenziselwa ukuklama imingcele, ogwini lwamachibi, ama-alpine slides. Ihlwanyelwe eceleni kocingo nasezindaweni ezinomswakama. Lesi sitshalo sizizwa simnandi phakathi komsingathi, ophakeme, uLungwort, ferns no-astilbe. Lapho uhlanganisa ukwakheka, into esemqoka ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele ukuphakama nokubukeka.
Indawo. I-Tradescantia itshalwe emthunzini oyingxenye noma endaweni enokhanya kahle, ivikelwe ezinhlaka nasekupheni komoya. Inhlabathi ithandiwa evundile, i-humus, itholakala kalula. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyasiza ukwengeza inhlabathi yesihlabathi, i-humus, nephepha lomshidi enhlabathini.
Ukunisela. I-Tradescantia idinga ukuthambisa kaningi futhi inala ukuze umhlabathi womile kuphela phezu komhlaba. Ebusika, ukuchelela kumiswa ngokuphelele. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu esishisayo, kunqunyelwe ekuniseleni okunwebekile.
Umanyolo. NgoMashi-Ephreli, izihlahla zondliwa ngesakhi samaminerali sezimbali. Ngesikhathi sokuqothula, ukugqoka phezulu kuyaphindwa.
Ubusika. Ezifundeni lapho cishe kungekho khona amazinga okushisa amabi ebusika, i-tradescantia ingashiywa emhlabathini ovulekile. Njengendawo yokukhosela sebenzisa i-polyethylene noma izinto ezingezona ezilukiwe. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, inhlabathi ihlanganiswe nge-moss ne-peat.
Izici eziwusizo
Ijusi leTradescantia linezinto ezingama-bactericidal nezokulapha amanxeba. Kwamanye amazwe, asetshenziswa kanye ne-aloe, ngisho nakwezokwelapha ezisemthethweni. Amacembe amasha ahlanganiswa futhi asetshenziselwe ukulimala esikhumbeni, kanye namathumba futhi kufakwe ngebhandeshi. Izakhi ze-Tradescant zehlisa ngempumelelo ushukela wegazi.
I-infusions yamanzi evela amahlumela namahlamvu asiza ukubhekana nesifo sohudo kanye ne-flatulence yemvelaphi ethelelekile. Izinyathelo zithathwa ukunqoba umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nekhala elimnandi. Ziwusizo futhi ekwelapheni umgogodla womlomo nge-stomatitis ne-periodontitis.
I-Tradescantia ayinakho ukuphikisana. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungathatheki kakhulu nezidakamizwa futhi uziyise ngokuqapha kubantu abathambekele kulwelwe.
