Izindlela eziphumelelayo zokukhulisa ulethisi wamaqabunga nemiyalo kubo

Muva nje, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ucabange itafula lasehlobo ngaphandle kwelethisi leqabunga. Lesi sitshalo semifino sithandwa kakhulu namuhla, yize ogogo bethu, ngokunokwenzeka, abengakaze bezwe ngakho. Sisebenzisa imifino ekhanyayo egqamile yomibili njengengxenye eyinhloko yama-saladi e-vithamini, futhi njengomhlobiso wezitsha, kanye nomkhiqizo wokudla kokudla kwezempilo.

Incazelo yezitshalo

Ukuvela kwesaladi kancanyana akunakuchazwa ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-700 ezahlukahlukene zibhalisiwe kwirejista Yezwe Yezinto Ezifundayo futhi ngayinye inombala wayo, ubukhulu, ukwakheka nokunambitheka kwamaqabunga. Lawa ngamaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza wombala oluhlaza okhanyayo noma ama-humyl amancane amancanyana, ama-bush aphansi obucayi noma ama-rosette amahle e-burgundy - izinhlobo zezinhlobo zivame ukudida abalimi lapho bekhetha imbewu.

Kusetshenziswa bobunjwa nemibala ehlukahlukene, umbhede wezimbali yemifino ungakhiwa kusuka kwisaladi

Kepha, ngaphandle kokungafani kwangaphandle, zonke izinhlobo zesaladi ziqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini nezakhi zomzimba. Lapha ukubaluleka kufanele kunikezwe i-Vitamin K - iqukethe amaqabunga amaningi ulethisi kunanoma yimuphi omunye imifino. Lo mkhiqizo futhi ucebile nge-calcium, i-magnesium, i-folic acid, isibabule, iodine, iphosphorus nezinye izinto. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwamavithamini we-B emaqabungeni e-lettuce, ukusetshenziswa kwalezi imifino kunconywa kwizifo zohlelo lwezinzwa. I-lactacin equkethwe kulolu siko iguqula okuqukethwe kwe-cholesterol yegazi, okwenza ikwazi ukusebenziseka kahle kakhulu kwabanesifo sikashukela, ezigulini ezinomfutho kanye nabantu abanesisindo somzimba esandayo. Isaladi eliphansi lekhalori lisetshenziswa ekudleni okuhlukahlukene ekulweni nokukhuluphala.

Ukudla isaladi, kungakhathalekile ukwehlukahluka, kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwesikhumba nezinwele, ukubhekana nokuntuleka kwamavithamini entwasahlobo futhi ngokuvamile kuthuthukise umzimba.

Amaqabunga esaladi ezinye izinhlobo aqukethe i-oxalic acid futhi wonke, ngaphandle kwalokho, acebile ngefayibha. Ngakho-ke, abantu abanezifo zomgudu wesisu akufanele baphathwe ngokweqile yilolu luhlaza.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zesaladi

Ngohlobo lwesaladi, lungahlukaniswa ngombandela ngamaqembu amathathu - iqabunga, inhloko nekhanda.

Amahlamvu ulethisi akha inhloko, inhloko noma inhloko

Ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezibhalisiwe kwirejista Yezwe yokufeza impumelelo, sicabangela ezithandwa kakhulu.

Izinhlobo zekhanda

I-Adamant yizinhlobo ezivuthwa sekwephuzile. Amaqabunga amakhulu amnyama, amaqabunga amancane akhula kancane akha inhloko encane eyindilinga, enesisindo esingama-350 g.Aqala ukuvuna ezinsukwini ezingama-50 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Isici esihlukile kwezinhlobonhlobo ukunambitheka okunempilo kwamaqabunga nokuthambekela kwesitshalo ekudutshulweni kokuqala.

Indoda ye-gingerbread iyikhanda lekhula sekwephuze sekwephuzile. Isikhathi sokukhula singaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-90. Amacembe aluhlaza anenhlanganisela eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aqoqwe ekhanda elibushelelezi eliyindilinga. Ukunambitha nesethulo kuhamba kahle kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziphezulu zokuhoxa.

Kugoqiwe

I-Kucheryavets Gribovsky iyinhlobonhlobo yokuvuthwa okuphakathi kwesigamu. Isikhathi kusuka kokutshala kuya ekuvuneni izinsuku ezingama-60-70. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza onomngcele we-pinkish wavy aqoqiwe ekhanda leklabishi elihlanganisiwe leklabishi. Ukuthungwa kuyicrispy, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zivimbela ukungaboni, ukubola grey nokugxila kokuqala.

IBoston isaladi yokuvuthwa okuphakathi. Amaqabunga angama-oyili aluhlaza okhanyayo anemiphetho ye-wavy enza i-hahafu-ekhanda evulekile yesimo esidlulile enesisindo esingama-g g. Izinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswa ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nokunambitheka okuhle.

I-Leafy

I-Riviera - ulethisi wethanga eliphakathi. I-rosette yokuhlobisa eyenziwe ngamaqabunga acwebezelayo angafani ne-oki esesimweni. Izici ezihlukile zezinhlobonhlobo ukunambitheka okuhle, isivuno, ukumelana nokuqhakaza.

IDubachek iyinhlobonhlobo yaphakathi nesizini enamaqabunga e-oblong wavy. Ipuleti lamaqabunga libushelelezi, libublue kancane, luhlaza okotshani ngombala. Le saladi iyathakazelisa ngoba iyakwazi ukukhulisa amaqabunga amasha esikhundleni sezinqunyiwe.

U-Lollo Ross ungenye yamasaladi eqabunga athandwa kakhulu. Ama-rosette amakhulu amaqabunga e-wavy azo zonke izithunzi zombala we-burgundy ngumhlobiso wangempela wensimu. Izinhlobonhlobo zaphakathi nenkathi yonyaka, ezinezithelo ezinambitheka kamnandi.

Igalari Yezithombe: Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zesaladi

Izithombo olukhula ulethisi

Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-lettuce zilungele ukuhlwanyelwa zombili ku-greenhouse nasendaweni evulekile. Ukuthola izithombo zakuqala, lesi sitshalo singatshalwa ngezithombo.

Inqubo-nyathelo yenqubo yokutshala imbewu yezithombo

1. Hlanganisa inhlabathi ejwayelekile yengadi kanye ne-humus ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1 bese ugcwalisa izithombo ngenhlanganisela.
2. Ukucindezela amagciwane, thulula inhlabathi ngesisombululo se-phytosporin.
3. Udinga ukutshala imbewu enhlabathini enomswakama, kepha hhayi emanzi, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokunisela kubalulekile ukuvumela inhlabathi ukuba ome kancane.
4. Ngaphezulu, yenza imifino engashonile kude ne-2 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye futhi usakaze imbewu.
5. Fafaza ngaphezulu ngesendlalelo esincane somhlaba, singeqi ku-1 cm bese ufafaza kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-4-5, amahlumela okuqala azovela. Izithombo zesaladi azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile - kubalulekile ukunisela inhlabathi ngesikhathi kuphela, uma kudingeka, ukukhulula inhlabathi.

Ividiyo: ungayinakekela kanjani isaladi futhi uthole isivuno esihle

Isaladi ithanda inhlabathi enomswakama, kepha ayikubekezeleli ukugcotshwa kwamanzi, ngakho-ke ukunisela akufanele kube ngokweqile, noma ngabe kuyizithombo noma izitshalo ezivuthiwe kakade.

Ukudonsela izithombo kukaphethiloli akudingekile, ungakuncipha nje kuphela esigabeni samaqabunga amabili wangempela. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-3-4, izithombo zingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.

Izitolo ezikhulisa ulethisi zingatshalwa embhedeni

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile

Imbewu ye-ulethisi ingahlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingakhuphuki ngaphezu kwe-0^mayelanaC. Ngokuvamile, izimo ezifanele zikhula ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Entwasahlobo, ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni, ngesinye isikhathi kamuva, uma kuyizinhlobo ezifika sekwephuzile.

Imbewu yesaladi incane futhi lapho ihlwanyela, ukuze kube lula, ihlanganiswa nesihlabathi somfula. Le ndlela isiza ukugwema ukuqunjelwa obukhulu.

ILettuce ithanda inhlabathi evundile engaphenduki uhlangothi. Ukulungiswa kwemibhede yalesi sitshalo kufanele kuqale ekwindla - yenza umquba womquba noma umquba obolile wokumba kanye nomanyolo wamaminerali we-phosphorus-potassium ebusweni. Entwasahlobo, uphinde ubambe umbhede, ususe izimpande zokhula namaqembu amakhulu omhlaba. Nyakazisa ingaphezulu futhi wenze imifino engashoni. Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa lincike ezinhlobonhlobo - imvamisa abakhiqizi bembewu banikeza iphethini yokutshala efanele.

Kuhlwelwa ulethisi embhedeni ohlukile

Sakaza imbewu ngemifuno bese ufafaza ngomhlaba, ungqimba ongekho ngaphezu kuka-1.5 cm. Umbhede wengadi ungambozwa ngefilimu, lapho ngemuva kokuvela kuzodingeka ususwe. Kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-spanbond noma i-lutrasil - indawo yokukhosela enalezi zinto zokuvikela ezokuvikela kusuka ekushiseni ngokweqile, elangeni, emoyeni nasezinambuzaneni.

Ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa kuqukethe ekuniseleni okuvamile, ukukhulisa ukhula kanye nokhula. Kanye emva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, ungondla izintambo zesaladi ezihlanjululwe emanzini nge-urea ne-potassium chloride noma ngomanyolo onamaminerali.

Lapho kukhula ulethisi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka ukujikeleza kwezilimo - lokhu kuzovikela izitshalo ezifweni. Isaladi lingahlwanyelwa ngemuva kwama-radishes noma ama-legumes. Imvamisa, indawo enhle isiza ukuvikela izifo ezithile noma izinambuzane, ngakho ochwepheshe batusa ukutshala isaladi ngamakhukhamba, ama-turnips, iklabishi, namazambane.

Khula ulethisi kufasitela

Isaladi isitshalo esingenakuzithoba futhi singakhula kalula ekhaya kufasitela. Noma yimuphi imbiza yezimbali noma isitsha seplastiki ilungele lokhu. Izimbobo zokudonsa kumele zenziwe ngaphansi kwetanki. Gcwalisa isitsha ngomhlabathi - noma yikuphi ukuhlangana kwesitolo sezimbali noma izithombo kufanelekile. Sakaza imbewu ebusweni bese ufafaza ngenani elincane lomhlaba, ungqimba we-4-5 mm. Futha ebhodleleni lokufafaza bese ubeka efasiteleni. Indawo kumele ibe nelanga, ngaphandle kwalokho izithombo ziyobe zibuthakathaka futhi zidlule. Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ebusuku kuzozuzisa, ngoba lokhu kuzodala izimo zemvelo zokuhluma.

Isitsha esingajwayelekile esinama-salad greens sizovuselela iwindows ekhishini

Uma ulethisi okhulayo wenzeka ezinyangeni zasebusika, ngamahora amafushane wemini, khona-ke izitshalo kufanele zikhanyiswe ekuseni nakusihlwa ngesibani se-fluorescent noma i-phytolamp. Igebe elikhanyayo ledingekayo lezithombo zezinhlamvu ezingamahora angama-12-14. Isaladi yisiko elithanda umswakama, ngakho-ke ukuthambisa ejwayelekile kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungcono ukunisela epanini - lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba okubola noma umlenze omnyama.

Lapho kuvela amapheshana okuqala, izithombo kumele zinqunywe ukuze izitshalo zikhule ngokukhululeka. Emavikini la-2-2 ngemuva kwekuhluma, tinhlanyelo tingadliwa nanganoma ngumuphi umanyolo wendzawo yonkhe.

Video: kanjani ukhula ulethisi ebusika

Ungaqala ukuklebhula amaqabunga ngokushesha nje lapho efika usayizi ofanele, kuyilapho kuqala kungcono ukususa amaqabunga angaphandle, kusale okungaphakathi kuvuthwe.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane of ulethisi

Ngokuya ngokujikeleza kwezilimo kanye nombuso ofanele wokunisela, isaladi akuvamile ukuba lithintwe yisiphi isifo. Ukuvimbela ukubonakala kokubola okungwevu, umlenze omnyama ne-Downy isikhutha, kubalulekile ukuthulula umbhede wembewu ngesixazululo se-sulfate yethusi ngesilinganiso esingu-5 l nge-1 sq. m

Ukuvela kwamabala amnyama kumaqabunga e-lettuce, ngokunokwenzeka, kubonisa isifo esingathandeki - i-septoria. Kungcono ukususa izitshalo ezithintekile ngokushesha ukuze lesi sifo singasakazeki kuwo wonke amasimba. Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha izitshalo ezinesifo ngamakhemikhali, ngakho-ke izindlela zokuvimbela kudingeka zinikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile.

Igalari Yezithombe: Isifo se-Lettuce

Kulokhu izilokazane ulethisi, aphid, flea okubethelwa, slugs kanye wireworm kungenzeka kakhulu. Kuyabonakala ukuthi izitshalo ezikhule ngaphansi kwe-spanbond azivame ukuthintwa yi-aphid.

Ukuvela kwezimbobo ezincane kumaqabunga e-lettuce kungakhombisa ukungenelela kokwethuka okubethelwayo. Izindlela zokuvimbela zisebenza kakhulu ngokulwa nalesi sinambuzane - ukhula lokhula, ukuthambisa ejwayelekile kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu. Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obumiswe kahle buvumela izitshalo ukuba zithole amandla ngesikhathi esifushane sokukhula ngokushesha, futhi amaqabunga amadala awathinteki kakhulu yizinambuzane.

Izindaba ezimbi ukuthi uma kuvela izinambuzane ngezindlela zamakhemikhali, ama-greens awakwazi ukucutshungulwa. Kepha kukhona okuhle - izidakamizwa zemvelo i-Fitoverm. Akungcolisi imvelo, ayiyona i-phytotoxic futhi ayitholakali emaqabungeni kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Kusebenza kahle ukusebenzisa isihibe ngokumelene nama-slugs. Ungahlela izingcezu zamabhodi noma i-linoleum yakudala emibhedeni - izinambuzane zifihle ngaphansi kwazo elangeni futhi konke okusele ukuziqoqa nokuzibhubhisa. Ayikho indlela engasebenzi kahle - isihebe sebhiya. Beka izimbiza ezincane enhlabathini kuze kufike phansi uthele ubhiya ezansi. I-slugs yomndeni wonke ingena kulolu khambi. Usebenzisa le ndlela, ungabasusa cishe ngokuphelele.

Ngokumelana ne-wireworm kusebenza futhi ngempumelelo kakhulu ukusebenzisa isiheho, kepha udinga ukukwenza lokhu emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu. Uma wazi ukuthi ukubukeka kwalesi sinambuzane esakhiweni akunqunyelwe, embhedeni olungiselelwe engadini ungabeka izingcezu ze-izaqathe namazambane, uzigaye kancane bese umaka izindawo. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, ukuqoqa isiheho nge-wireworm bese ukubola okusha.

Igalari yezithombe: Izinambuzane ze-Lettuce

Izinkinga ezingaba khona nge-lettuce ekhulayo

Kwesinye isikhathi, ulethisi okhulayo, abalimi bahlangabezana nezinkinga. Okuvame kakhulu kubo ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga. Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu, futhi okuyinhloko ukugcwala kwamanzi kwesitshalo. Ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga kungakhombisa ukuntuleka kwezinto zokulandela - i-nitrogen noma i-potassium. Ngokuntuleka kwe-calcium, i-magnesium, i-iron nezinye izinto, ipuleti le-sheet libuye liphenduke liphuzi noma libe mhlophe, kuvela i-chlorosis. Uma ukuchelela kuguqulwe kahle, ungachitha amalebula ngesisombululo sikamanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuntuleka kwezinto zokulandelela emhlabathini kuholela ekuphuzi kwamaqabunga ku-ulethisi

Enye inkinga ukufutheka kwamaqabunga e-lettu. Kumele kushiwo ukuthi ukufutheka kuwuphawu lwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ikakhulukazi ngombala obomvu, futhi nakhu ukugqamisa okungafani kwesitshalo. Ukunambitheka okumunyu kungavela ngenxa yokunisela okunganele, lapho isaladi ithola umswakama omncane ngesikhathi sokukhula. Uma amaqabunga esekhulile, okungukuthi, angakavunwa ngesikhathi, nawo azoba munyu.

Unganciphisa ukufutheka ngendlela elula kakhulu. Hlanza amaqabunga aqoqiwe, unciphise ama-petioles kancane bese ubeka emanzini ahlanzekile amahora ama-2. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma umunyu ungapheli, ungabamba imifino amahora angama-2-3 emanzini anosawoti.

Ukuvuna nokugcina ulethisi

Ungahlanza isaladi ngesimo sezulu esomile - ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Amaqabunga aqoqwe lapho kushisa noma ngemuva kokunisela noma imvula ngeke kugcinwe. Izinhlobo ezingamahlamvu zisikwa ngommese obukhali ngemuva kokuba isitshalo sakha amaqabunga abantu abadala abangu-8-10. Amafomu agoqiwe futhi akhishwe lapho kusungulwa inhloko yeklabishi futhi ifinyelela usayizi ohambisana nencazelo yokuhlukahluka. Kunoma yikuphi, ukuhlanza kufanele kwenzeke ngaphambi kokuba umcibisholo wezimbali uvele, ngaphandle kwalokho ukunambitheka kuzokonakala kakhulu.

I-Leaf lettuce ekushiseni kwegumbi ingagcinwa isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku. Uma amaqabunga omisiwe ehlanganiswa ngephepha futhi efakwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki, isaladi lizohlala esiqandisini izinsuku ezingama-4-5. To Ukuze wandise isikhathi sokubeka, ungamba izisekelo noma amakhanda eklabishi ngesixha somhlaba uwafake ezindebe zepulasitiki. Esikhwameni sepulasitiki, egumbini lezemifino, isivuno esinjalo sizohlala amasonto ayi-2-3.

Isaladi lomhlabathi eligodliwe lihlala lilisha isikhathi eside

Ukuze ulondoloze isivuno sesaladi ebusika, ungasebenzisa ukhahlamba. Akunconyelwe ukuba kumiswe amaqabunga, ngoba ngemuva kokuphuma kokunye aphenduka abe ukungcola okungathandeki.

Ukubuyekezwa kwesaladi

Ngifuna ukuzwa ukuthi ngubani othanda ukukhulisa uhlobo oluthile lwesaladi nokuthi kungani .Ngizokutshela ngezinhlobonhlobo engizithandayo: “Dandy”. Le nhlobonhlobo yatshelwa kimi ngumthengisi endaweni yokugcina izitolo lapho ngithengisa khona, ngifunda ukuthi mina uqobo ngikhula izithombo. Lolu hlobo lwe-ulethisi lukhula esifundeni sethu kuphela ngezithombo (sinayo iSiberia). Ngikuthandile ukwedlula abanye, okokuqala, ngoba ithela izithelo isizini yonke, amaqabunga amasha akhula ngaso sonke isikhathi, athela izithelo kahle futhi abekezelela ngisho noqandusela ukuya -7, futhi futhi agcinwa esiqandisini isikhathi eside efomu elisikiwe (amasonto ama-2-3, alisekho Ngiye ngazama), futhi unenhliziyo emnandi ngemuva. Mina ngokwami ​​bengingeyena umthandi wesaladi okhethekile, kodwa lokhu okuhlukahlukene kunginqobile.

Svetiktomsk

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/14909/

Kunezinhlobo zakudala zesaladi ebomvu i- "Lolla Rosa", futhi manje ziningi ezinye ezibomvu). Kuyinto yokuhlobisa kakhulu, ebabayo, ngoba kune-iodine eningi kuyo, ilusizo kakhulu.

valucha

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/14909/

UDubachek uyintandokazi yami, akakaze aqhume. ILolla Rossa kumele. Kuhle futhi kunambitha. Futhi kuvela ukuthi muhle kakhulu ukubatshala eduze kombhede owodwa. Futhi uma ingekho kumigqa elula okwamanje - impilo emnandi namanje

UMarina

//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t17736.html

Ngenxa yobulula bokukhula, isaladi ingahlobisa itafula lethu unyaka wonke. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu akudingekile neze ukuba ne-cottage, i-greenhouse noma uzungu lomuntu siqu - i-balcony noma iwindi laseningizimu nazo ziyafaneleka. Hlwanyela izinhlobo ezi-2 isaladi kunoma yiliphi ibhokisi lepulasitiki noma ebhodweni - futhi uyohlala uthola imifino emnandi futhi enempilo etafuleni.