Kudala amagilebhisi ayeka ukuba yisiko elikhula kuphela ezindaweni ezifudumele. Umsebenzi ophumelelayo wabafuyi bangandisa kakhulu indawo okwabiwa kuyo. Ithebula lezinto ezihlukahlukeneko zaseRussia zakuqala - amagilebhisi aqine ebusika futhi anqanda izifo wokuvuthwa kokuqala.
Incazelo yamagilebhisi Russian ekuqaleni
Izinhlobonhlobo zagcotshwa e-All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture neWinemaking eqanjwe ngeYa.I. IPotapenko eNovocherkassk. Yatholwa ngokuwela izinhlobo zemithi engabandisani nezeqhwa iMichurinets neChasla nazoEnyakatho.
I-Russian yasekuqaleni ingumzali we-Vortorg tafula ehlukahlukene.
Igalari yezithombe: abazali kanye nenzalo yezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zaseRussia
- I-Michurinets yeBanga iyamelana nezifo
- Izinhlobo zokuqala zetafula iVostorg zatholakala ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kabusha kwezinhlobo zaseRussia zakuqala
- IChasselas Amagilebhisi North - inhlobo yokuqala yokuvuthwa
I-Russian yasekuqaleni - amagilebhisi etafile anamajikijolo amnandi kakhulu, ngoba ukunambitheka kwawo kancane kwe-caramel amagilebhisi anikezwa igama eliphakathi - uSweetie. Kuyinto ukumelana nesithwathwa ngokwanele ukuba ikhule ngaphandle kokukhosela e-Ukraine, lapho ivuthwa ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.
Izinhlobonhlobo ziyathela izithelo, kumidwebo owodwa kwakhiwa ama-inflorescence angama-2-3. Ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ungasusa kuze kufike kuma-25 kg amajikijolo.
I-Russian yasekuqaleni iyizinhlobonhlobo zezithelo, ama-25 kg amajikijolo angatholakala esihlahleni esisodwa
Isikhathi sokukhula esifushane senza lokhu kuthembisa kulinywe ezifundeni ezinehlobo elifushane. Isivuno esihle samajikijolo singatholakala enyakatho yeBelarus, esifundeni saseVolga naseMoscow.
Izici zeBanga
Njengokhetho lokukhethwa, le nhlobonhlobo igcine izimfanelo ezinhle zabazali bayo; inezici ezilandelayo:
- isikhathi sokuvuthwa kusenesikhathi - izinsuku ezingama-105-115;
- ukumelana nesithwathwa kuze kufike ku-25 ° C;
- ukumelana okuhlobene ne-hlobo, i-oidium, ukubola okungwevu;
- izihlahla eziphakathi nendawo ezinde;
- ukuzingcolisa;
- isixha sobukhulu obuphakathi ngesimo sesigaxa, esikhululekile, sinesisindo esingu-200-400 g;
- i-berry iyindilinga, usayizi ophakathi - 21x23 mm, isisindo 3-5 g;
- umbala webheli ngopinki omnyama, isikhumba sinciphile;
- okuqukethwe ushukela - 17-21%;
- i-acidity - 6-7 g / l;
- ukunambitheka kulinganiselwa ngamaphuzu ayi-9 kwezili-10.
Amajikijolo avuthiwe ngokuphelele anoshukela-amnandi, hhayi wonke umuntu. Abanye abalimi bathanda ukuvuna izithelo ezivuthiwe kancane.
Ividiyo: ukwethula izinhlobo zaseRussia zakuqala
Izici zokutshala nokukhula
Le nhlobonhlobo ayinakungabaza, iqine futhi iyamelana nezifo zamagilebhisi ezijwayelekile. Akudingi ukwenziwa okujwayelekile futhi uyakwazi ukubekezelela isivuno esikhulu.
I-Russian mapema iyakwazi ukuletha isivuno esikhulu
Ukufakelwa
Ungatshala amagilebhisi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla. Leli gilebhisi lingaphezulu kwesilinganiso sokukhula, ngakho-ke lidinga ukwabiwa indawo eyanele yokuthuthuka, cishe 12 m2. Ngaphambi kokufika, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yelanga bese ulungisa umgodi:
- Bumba umgodi kasayizi ofanele (ububanzi, ukujula kanye nobude kufanele kube ngu-80 cm).
- Gcwalisa ngezendlalelo: isihlabathi (1 ibhakede), humus (2 amabhakede), ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba kusukela emibhedeni (amabhakede ama-5). Faka umlotha. Govuza, bese uphinda inqubo yokulayisha kuze kube yilapho umgodi ugcwele.
- Faka ishubhu lepulasitiki emgodini ohlangothini onezimbobo ezigxishwe kulo ngesilinganiso esingu-5 cm, lapho uzokwazi ukunisela khona amagilebhisi. Ungafaka futhi ipayipi ngaphandle kwezimbobo kungqimba yokudonsa yomgodi.
Kuyenzeka ukuthi unisele ngemithombo edonsa hhayi kuphela isihlahla esisodwa, kodwa futhi nemigqa ephelele yesivini
- Nisela umgodi. Umhlaba uhlala, engeza inhlabathi.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, umgodi uzozinza kuze kube sekupheleni, indawo ebanjwayo isilungile.
Isivuno samagilebhisi esikhulu kunazo zonke singatholakala uma usilima ngendlela enkulu futhi usitshala eduze kwe-gazebo noma i-arch.
Lapho ukukhula amagilebhisi Russian ekuqaleni ifomu arched okwenzayo ukuthola isivuno esikhulu
Amagilebhisi awanciphisi emhlabathini, kepha athuthuka kangcono emhlabathini omnyama. Akunconyelwe ukuwutshala ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi ezinamanzi asondele emhlabathini angaphansi.
Ukunquma, ukwakheka kwesihlahla
Izinhlobo zamagilebhisi ezi-Arched futhi ezi-arbor zitholakala kangcono uma esifundeni sokukhula ebusika izinga lokushisa lingehli ngaphansi kwesibalo esishiwo--25 ° C, bese iRussia Early ingatshalwa ngendlela engeyona eyembozo. Ezindaweni ezinezimo ezinzima ngokwedlulele, kufanele ukhethe ifomu elilungele indawo yokuhlala ebusika nelokulinywa endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Kulokhu, isivuno ngeke sibe sikhulu kangako, kepha sizinzile.
Ividiyo: amathiphu wamagilebhisi arched
Ukunisela nokondla
Leli gilebhisi liyaniselwa futhi londliwe ngokuya ngohlelo olujwayelekile:
- Ukunisela njalo izihlahla ezincane; ezindala zidinga ukunisela uma inhlabathi yomile kakhulu;
- amanzi ngesikhathi sokunisela kufanele ahlinzekwe ngqo ezimpandeni zesitshalo, ngoba lokhu, lapho utshala, kufakwa ipayipi elikhethekile lokunisela emgodini.
Amagilebhisi adinga ukondliwa, yize iqiniso lokuthi izinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa njengezingenathemba. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, imanyolo eyinkimbinkimbi yamaminerali equkethe i-nitrogen eningi, i-potassium ne phosphorus kwethulwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, izihlahla zondliwa nge-potassium ne-phosphorus. Isikhathi sokugcina bondla ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngaphambi kokuhlala ebusika ngamaminerali ayinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye njalo emva kweminyaka engama-2-3, kwenziwa umquba womanyolo (umquba, umquba).
Ukwelashwa Kwezifo Nezinambuzane
Le nhlobonhlobo inamandla okumelana nezifo. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, amathuba okulimala kwezithelo nge-oidium aphezulu.
Amajikijolo athinteka yi-oidium, sengathi afafazwe ngofulawa
I-Oidium, noma i-Powusy isikhutha, ithinta amajikijolo amakhulu amnandi omvini, lesi sifo fungal silethwe nezithombo ezivela eMelika.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta kusungulwa isiphethu esifudumele esimanzi. Ezihlahleni zomvini ezinganakwa ezingathenwanga minyaka yonke, uzizwa ekhululekile. Ebusika obunzima, ama-pest aqandayo.
Ukulwa namajikijolo we-oidium sisebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo zokuvimbela:
- Sika amahlumela omisiwe ekwindla nasentwasahlobo yokuqala, sinqume esihlahleni. Sishisa yonke imichilo.
- Lapho sinisela amagilebhisi, sigwema ukuthola amanzi emaqabungeni nasezinkuni.
- Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla, ngemuva kokuvuna, sifafaza lesi sitshalo ngamalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi (isiqongo se-Abiga, iHorus, i-sulfate yethusi). Sifaka i-sulfate yethusi ngesilinganiso se-10 g kafulawa nge-10 l lamanzi. Amanye amalungiselelo ahlanjululwa ngokuya ngemiyalo efakwe kubo.
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo, sisebenzisa izinto eziphephile - usawoti nomlotha. Sincibilikisa umlotha ngokwesikimu: 1 kg yomlotha + 10 l wamanzi, sigcizelela izinsuku eziyi-5. Kwesoda, sisebenzisa ezinye izilinganiso: 3 tbsp. wezipuni kashukela + 3 amalitha amanzi. Ezixazululweni, engeza insipho ewuketshezi ukuze unamathele kangcono kumaqabunga nakumaqembu, 2 tbsp kwanele. nezinkezo for 5 amalitha ukumnika.
Kulula ukulungiselela insipho ewuketshezi kusuka kusepha lokushayela eligcotshisiwe.
Uma isitshalo sigula, sisiphatha ngesisombululo sesibabule, 100 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Isibabule sibulala ukhunta, ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-18 ° C. Amajikijolo athintwe ukhunta awadli; badinga ukushiswa.
Enye inkathazo yamagilebhisi ejwayelekile - ukulunywa kwayo - nakho kungasongela umvini wakho. I-zoon, noma umkhaza wamagilebhisi, ubhoboza ingaphansi leqabunga bese wethula amathe awo, aqukethe ama-enzyme abangela ukuvela kwepuleti leqabunga.
Iqabunga elithintwe yi-itch liyoma kancane kancane
Amacembe ayagula, omile, ayawa. Ukuntuleka kwamaqabunga okukhulu kuthinta isitshalo. Uma ungalwisani umkhaza, amajikijolo nawo angahlupheka futhi angakulungeli ukudliwa. Ukusabalala kokulungiswa kunomthelela kumswakama ophezulu noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isimo sezulu esomile nesishisayo. Amacembe aphansi ayathinteka kuqala.
Izindlela zokuvimbela:
- ukumba okuphoqelekile kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kwesihlahla;
- ukufafaza ngesisombululo se-lime esingu-5% ekwindla;
- ukufafaza kwentwasahlobo ngeNitrafen ngaphambi kokuqunjelwa.
Uma umkhaza usuzinzile esihlahleni, sinqamula amaqabunga athintekayo siwashise. Uma lokhu kungasizi ukuqeda ukulunywa, sisebenzisa ama-insecticides - uFufanon, Actellik. Sicubungula lesi sitshalo izikhathi ezingama-2-4 ngesikhawu sesonto ngalinye. Fafaza kungakapheli inyanga ngaphambi kokuvunwa.
U-Actellik udinga ukucubungula amagilebhisi ukuze aqede ukulunywa
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Izitshalo ezisencane zidinga indawo yokuhlala iminyaka engu-2-3 yokuqala. Lapho umkhulu weminyaka yamagilebhisi futhi namandla esiqu sawo, kuba ngcono lapho ubekezelela iqhwa; ayikwazi ukususwa ku-trellis ezindaweni lapho izimo zingadingi indawo yokuhlala yesitshalo.
Ebusika, amagilebhisi adinga ukumbozwa ngezinto ezikhethekile namagatsha e-fir spruce
Ngokuwohloka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa, amagxolo emikhombeni yamagilebhisi alezi zinhlobonhlobo akaqhekeki. Ungazama ukukhulisa amagilebhisi ngendlela ye-arched bese uyimboza ebusika.
Ividiyo: ungawumboza kanjani amagilebhisi arched
Ukulwa kwe-Wasp
Amajikijolo amnandi anama-wasps abucayi wokukhanga isikhumba. Uma ungabhekane nalezi zinambuzane ezidla ezinye, ungalahlekelwa ngokuphelele yisilimo.
Izindlela zokuvimbela:
- susa izidleke zempondo ezindala;
- simboza ngemigoqo emaphethelweni ovulekile kocingo kanye ne-trellis lapho iminyovu yayithanda ukuhlaliswa khona;
- hlela amasoso ngeheyisi equkethe i-boric acid: faka u-10 g wefulawa engilazini yejamu; njengesiheho, ungasebenzisa futhi izithelo ze-pearl ezivulekile ezikhelwe nge-boric acid;
- vala izixhaxha ngezikhwama zelethu elidala noma izinto ezingatheni ezingezona ezilukiwe, usayizi wesikhwama kufanele abe owanele ukuze isixha sifane ngokukhululeka kuso, ngokwesibonelo, 35x25 cm.
Igalari yezithombe: Ukuvikela ama-Bunches kuma-Wasps
- Izikhwama azivikeli kuphela iziqu emgqwabeni, kepha futhi zivikela amajikijolo ekushiseni kwelanga ngokweqile
- Sithunga isikhwama se-tulle bese sifaka inqwaba kuso
- Isikhwama se-bun singabuye senziwe isiponji sepulasitiki sokuwasha izitsha
Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga
Ukuqala kwami isiRussia sekuvele kuneminyaka engama-26 ubudala! Futhi angizukusicisha ... kungukuqala kokugcina okuhamba ngesivinini - ngisho nangaphambi kweKorinka yaseRussia. Simnandi kakhulu futhi singakudonswa ngombala opinki, sikulenga isikhathi eside, kuze kube yilapho isithwathwa, inyama seyi-marmalade - okungewona uketshezi.
UValentina N. (Kazakhstan, Petropavlovsk)//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=60&t=1213&start=60
Okumnandi, ngisho nokuvunda, kepha akukho ukunambitheka ... Isixha esincane, ibhele elincanyana, umkhiqizo ophansi, ngamandla amakhulu okukhula. Ngenelisekile, umuntu angathi, impova enhle (yezimo zami). Njalo isivuno esihle somvini. Ungathola isivuno sesibili ngokuphephile emaceleni, bathanda iminyovu, kepha abahlali benesikhathi. Le nhlobonhlobo, ngokubona kwami, yenzelwe izifunda ezisenyakatho nezabahlali basehlobo abamaphakathi, ayikwazi ukubulawa ukulayishwa ngokweqile, ithethelela cishe wonke amaphutha ...
IVladimir (isifunda seSaratov)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465&page=5Okuqukethwe ushukela kwamajikijolo angu-18 brix. Hhayi uyagula, awuzange uqhekeze, iminyovu ayizange ihehe.
... Ngisike amehlo angu-8-12, kulo nyaka wonke amehlo ayengama-inflorescence, kepha amahlumela amabili okuqala amaqoqo mancane kakhulu, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuthunyelwa okufushane kwasekuqaleni kwaseRussia.
I-Vasiliev V.V. (Isifunda saseBelgorod)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465&page=4
Nginganezela ukuthi kuthatha isikhala esiningi (amamitha ... skwele esingu-10-12). Ku-trellis, ukuvuna kuncane, kuneziqu eziningi ezincane. Kuyadingeka endaweni yokukhosela (nginesembozo esibandayo). Ngizolihumushela ku-carport, lapho kuzoba khona ilanga eliningi nendawo.
I-Alex17 (Kiev)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465&page=2
IRUSSIAN KUPHELA kulo nyaka ithela kakhulu. Namuhla, okuqukethwe ushukela wejusi cishe yi-20%, ukunambitheka okumnandi kakhulu. Okubi kulo nyaka esizeni sami engizokufaka kungalingani okuthe xaxa kokukhula kwamajikijolo kuqhathaniswa nezinkathi ezedlule. Kepha ngokuvamile, izinhlobonhlobo ziphinde zakhombisa umlingiswa wazo ozinzile futhi zajabulisa umndeni wamagilebhisi wamagilebhisi amahle. Uma umondla kahle, khona-ke unikeza imivini emikhulu kangangokuba udinga isikhala esiningi. Kepha akwanele ... Kufanele silawule ukukhula nokuthuthuka, naphezu kwemikhuba enjalo. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkuni ezinamandla zenza kube lula ukusinda ebusika kanzima ... Kepha angikaze ngikwazi ukuthola amaqembu amakhulu kuwo okwamanje.
Alexander (Zelenograd)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465&page=2
... Okubi kokuqala kwaseRussia (ngombono wami!): Ukubukeka okungeyona emakethe, kuncane, kuvame ukuba yinqwaba, amajikijolo aphakathi nendawo, ukuzwela okuphezulu kokulayishwa okulula, ukunambitheka okulula, inyama ewuketshezi, izinhlobonhlobo ze-wasp ezithandekayo. Kunama-plus amabili asobala: ukuqina okuphezulu okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuvuthwa kokuqala.
I-Poskonin Vladimir Vladimirovich (Krasnodar)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465
... ngaphandle kwemithi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ithela izithelo ngokuthelekela ngaseningizimu yendlu. Amandla okukhula angaphezulu kwesilinganiso, agcwele isivuno .... Isihlahla esifanekiselwa yisitshalo ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi sinika amahlumela avuthiwe. Ngokunakekelwa kwe-Mediocre, kudonsela ama-40-50 kg .. .... Lo nyaka, nawo, awuzange uhlale. Ngaphambi kwesiqalo esineziqu ezingama-30 wayesimboza imivini yokugqekeza ethempelini yetende nge-burlap.
ikirpo (esifundeni saseVinnytsia)//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2465
I-Russian yasekuqaleni iyizinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi ezethembekile zokukhula esifundeni esisenkabeni nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeRussian Federation, i-Ukraine neBelarus. Le nhlobonhlobo engenakuthembeka enakekela ukuvuna okukhulu namajikijolo amnandi anganconywa kubaqalayo bokuthuthukisa ikhono lokukhula kwamagilebhisi.
