Ubusika buvele nje ekhoneni: ungawuvikela kanjani umvini

Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, umvini awusona isitshalo sohlobo lokukhetha se-thermophilic ukuze sife uma kwenzeka kuba nesithwathwa ngengozi ekwindla noma ekwehlekeni okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa ebusika. Izinhlobo eziningi zamagilebhisi zobuchwepheshe nezetafula ezithile zisinda lapho kubanda ngaphandle kokukhosela ezindaweni ezinemozulu ebusika. Kodwa umlimi okhathalelayo ngokuqinisekile uvikela iziyaluyalu ezingemnandi ezihambisana nokushesha okubandayo kanye namazinga okushisa angazelelwe awenzeki ngoJanuwari - uFebhuwari kuphela, kodwa nangesikhathi sonyaka esibi. Amagilebhisi ambozwe kahle ezindaweni eziseningizimu nasenyakatho yezwe lethu aqinisekiswa ukuthi azosinda esikhathini esizayo sasebusika futhi aqhamuke enempilo futhi eqinile entwasahlobo. Njengoba wazi, uNkulunkulu usindisa abaphephile!

Ngabe ngidinga ukumboza amagilebhisi ebusika

Njengoba wazi, ababikezeli besimo sezulu bayakwazi ukwenza amaphutha, ngakho-ke abalimi abebesebenzelana nomvini ezindaweni abahlala kuzo isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka bazolungisa amagilebhisi ebusika obuzayo futhi ngeke basebenzise isikhathi namandla okuhlela indawo yokuhlala yalesi sitshalo esithanda ukushisa. Ikakhulu kufanele ukuthi unakekele amahlahla amancanyana nezindlela ezi-nzalo zamagilebhisi ezingazinzanga kwisithwathwa. Ngisho nezithombo zokuqala konyaka ezingamelana nohlobo lweqhwa zivame ukuhlushwa isithwathwa uma zingafihlwa ebusika.

Uhlelo lwezimpande zamagilebhisi lusengozini kakhulu, ngakho-ke ludinga indawo yokukhosela efudumele futhi ebaluleke kakhulu. Lapho inhlabathi ibanda ibe ngu-5 ° C, izimpande zisezandleni zokubanda, okusho ukuthi sonke isitshalo sisengozini. Naphezu kwezinsolo ezikhuthazayo zabafuyi bezilwane mayelana nokuba khona kwama-gridiya ama-gridiya angavimbeli ubusika angabekezelela kufika ku--25-28 ° C, ebusika obunzima kakhulu ngokwehla kwezinga lokushisa (ngaphezu kwamaviki amabili) ukuya ku-20 ° C isithwathwa, izinso zingavuthwa (zifike ku-60%), kaningi umvini uyafa ngokuphelele.

Abalimi abasebenzayo bathi i-1 cm yeqhwa liphethe 1 degree lokushisa. Njengoba iqhwa lingama-50 cm, izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu komhlaba lihlala lisondele ku-0 ° C. Kepha ebusika, ebusika obungenamakhaza, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lehla lifinyelela ku-25 ° C ngaphandle kokukhosela, ukufa kwamagilebhisi amaningi wamagilebhisi akunakufinyeleleka ekulahlekelweni sesihlahla.

Ividiyo: kufanelekile ukuvalela amagilebhisi ebusika

Ungawumboza kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika

Umvini ovuthwe ngokuphelele ungamelana nokushisa okubucayi kokubucayi, kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwama--12 -15 degrees ngaphansi kwe-zero. Kuze kufike lapho kukhona amazinga okushisa aqinile aqinile, imivini yezithelo zisetshenziswa. Amafrimu amancane enza lukhuni umvini, avuselele izinqubo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlose ukwandisa ukungabi namandla kokuqina kwesitshalo.

Imigomo okusekelwe kuyo ukufudumala okuyikho komvini.

1. Ukulungiswa kwamagilebhisi ngaphambi kokukhosela ebusika (izihlahla zokuphuza, ukwelapha ukhunta).
2. Ukukhetha indlela yokufakelwa elungele indawo yesimo sezulu.
3. Ukuhambisana nesikhathi esibekiwe (lapho ukugawulwa, ukuthambisa, ukugcoba umvini).
4. Ukunikeza umoya omncane ngesikhathi senqubo.

Bola futhi kube yisinxephezelo - inkathazo enkulu yanoma yisiphi isitshalo sobusika esiphephele. Kubalulekile ukuvikela umvini emahlathini, angahlala eseduze - lapho kufudumele khona futhi kukhona ongakuthola.

Umvini obusika obusika eSifundeni Esijwayelekile Somhlaba uzofa ngaphandle kokukhosela okungenani indawo yokuhlala. I-Belgorod newgrowers ibheka indawo yethu njengengozi kwezolimo nezolimo, ngakho-ke, kunconywa kakhulu ukutshala izinhlobo zomvini zokuqala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhula esingekho ngaphezulu kwezinsuku ezingama-120 endaweni engemuva. Amagilebhisi we-Shelter ebusika ayimfuneko yokuthola isivuno sonyaka esigcwele.

Ngine-site yami ekhulayo yeViking (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) neTransfiguration (pink-fruited) - izinhlobo zokuqala zessess. Abaze bashiye umvini baye ebusika ngaphandle kokushisa. Uma amafriji angaphambi kwesikhathi aqale kakade ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, khona-ke ambozwe ngezinto zokuphahla afafazwe ngomhlaba (indlela esheshayo yokuqeda ukungabi nathemba kwalesi simo) - izitshalo zethu ziyaphila - ziphilile futhi ziyajabulisa isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ngamaqoqo anesisindo esigcwele. Esimweni esihle kunazo zonke, ngifaka amagilebhisi ngama-electrodes kude nomhlaba, ngimboze ngenaliti zikaphayini (okusebenza kakhulu) noma ngotshani ngimboze ngamabhodi (okwakhiwa ngendlela yendlu). Kabili afakwa insini (husk) yamabele esikhundleni sotshani - umvini wawusekelwa kancane, kepha awushanga, wonke amahlamvu aqhuma. Angisebenzisi i-oyela yokugcoba, kepha anginalutho olumelana nayo. By the way, amagundane otshanini awukaqali.

Isidingo sokwenza ubusika kufanele kube umoya omncane. Kubukeka ngathi ngopulasitiki osikiwe "amalitha amahlanu" owodwa, ongabekwa kahle futhi ubheke phansi, into esemqoka ukuthi akufanele imbozwe yiqhwa.

Ungawalungiselela kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika

Ngokulindela isimo sezulu esibandayo, amagilebhisi alungiselelwe ubusika obuzayo ngoSepthemba. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo kanye nesimo sezulu esifundeni, ukulungiselela kwenziwa kusukela maphakathi no-Septhemba kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba. Ngemuva kokuvuna, amagilebhisi aqala ukulungiselela ubusika.

1. Ngaphambi kokwenza ukufakwa kabusha komswakama ekwindla, lesi sitshalo sinikezwa isisombululo sezakhi zomkhondo. Kunconywa ukuba unciphise kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi axazululwe ngo-20 g womanyolo we-grosular phosphorus kanye ne-10-15 g of potash. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kweNitrogen akufakiwe ngalesi sikhathi. Kuzoba wusizo ukufaka amaconsi ayi-10-15 e-iodine ne-5 g ye-boric acid (ku-powder) kwizixazululo. Ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi kwezakhi zomzimba enhlabathini kusiza ekugcineni ukuqhakaza kwezimbali futhi kubuyisele ukungatheleleki kwesitshalo ezifweni zokukhunta ezivame esivinini.
   

   Ukulondolozwa kwangaphakathi komvini kuncike ekondleni okufika ngesikhathi

2. Ngemuva kokufaka umquba, ukuchelela kwenziwa - ngaphandle kokubamba amanzi. Kubalulekile ukucubungula izici zenhlabathi: esihlabathini - amalitha angama-20-25, ku-loams nase-chernozem - 10-15. Futhi cabanga ukusondela kwendawo enamanzi angaphansi komhlaba esizeni.
   

   Lapho ukufakelwa kabusha kwesivini se-autumn kubalulekile
3. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa (kodwa empeleni ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga), aqala ukuthena umvini: asuse amagatsha angavuthiwe, alimala futhi afile, ashiye ingxenye yesithathu yamahlumela asele. Isikhathi esifanele senqubo yishumi lesithathu likaSepthemba.
   

   Isikimu samagilebhisi asekwindla

4. Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ezinambuzaneni nasezifo akunakugwenywa lapho kulindelwe ukuthi hibernation yasebusika isivini.
   1. Isibulala-magciwane esifakazelwe izihlahla ezinjengezihlahla nezihlahla zezithelo sulfate yethusi. Cishe i-100 g yomkhiqizo iyancibilika kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi afudumele (40 ° C) afafazwe emvinini, athatha isikhala sezimpande zenhlabathi. Isixazululo sikasawoti ngokufakwa kukasawoti ne-iodine kuyindlela enhle yokulwa nezifo zokutheleleka nezifo zezihlahla. Kuzothatha u-40 g kasawoti no-20 g we-soda ukwenza "isikhulumi". Zincibilikisiwe emanzini afudumele (amalitha angama-8-10) kanti kuye kufakwe amaconsi ayi-10 e-iodine. Ukwelashwa kuphindaphindwa izikhathi ezi-2-3. Kulezifo ezijwayelekile zomvini ezinjenge-oidium ne-isikhutha, i-colloidal sulfure (5 g ngamalitha ama-5 amanzi) noma isisombululo se-potanganum permanganate (5 g nge-10 litre) sesizibonakalisile. Kepha ukuze kugwenywe ukuqubuka kwalezi zifo ngesizini ezayo, abahluzi beviniga abanolwazi weluleka ukwelashwa okungathi sína esivinini - ukufafaza ngeFundazol, iRidomil neTopazi (ngokwemiyalo).
   2. Ukugwema ukuhlaselwa amagundane, kunconywa ukubola ubuthi obukhethekile kusuka kumagundane noma ufafaze ingaphezulu lomhlaba ngesihlahla somlotha wesihlahla (lokhu kungenye indlela yamakhemikhali - ukungena emilenzeni nasezinyeni, umlotha ubangela ukucasuka futhi kusabisa amagundane). Abanye abalimi babeka i-calcium carbide esitsheni esincane sensimbi khona lapho kuhlala khona isivini sasebusika esivinini. Ukwakheka kwegesi okwenzeka kule nto lapho umoya umunwa endaweni evulekile, kusabisa amagundane futhi kungawavumeli ukuthi ahlaliswe ngaphansi kwehekitha.
      

      Ukwelashwa kokuvinjelwa isivini kusuka izinambuzane kanye namagundane
5. Manje, umvini ususwa ngokucophelela ku-trellis (uma kunesidingo, indawo yokukhosela endaweni enezingqimba), uboshwe ukuze amahlumela abuthaka walo nyaka angalimali, abekwe ezintweni ezifakwayo noma umane nje uphiniwe emhlabathini (bebuka isikhala esingu-20-30 cm) bese usetha uhlaka noma olusanda kumbozwa umhlaba namagatsha ama-spruce.

Izindlela zokuphephela amagilebhisi ebusika

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuphephela imivini ebusika:

1. Indawo yokuhlala eyomile noma ifreyimu (kusetshenziswa ifilimu nokunye ukufakwa okwenziwe).
2. Ukugcwala komhlaba neqhwa.
3. Indlela yomsele.

Indlela ngayinye iyamukeleka ezimweni ezihlukile - ezimeni ezithile zesimo sezulu, zezinhlobo ezithile kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi.

Izinhlobo zanamuhla eziqinile ebusika zihlala ngaphansi kokukhosela okukhanyayo, kepha ngisho nasezindaweni ezifudumele futhi eningizimu, nzalo eziningi ebusika zingcono kakhulu ngaphansi kwendawo yokuhlala. Akuwona kuphela kuphela amafrikhosi ahlala isikhathi eside awesabekayo emvinini, kodwa futhi nokushisa okungalindelekanga phakathi nobusika. Ebusika efudumele kunazo zonke amahlumela izinso zihlupheka, eziqala ukuvela ngokungafanele. Into esemqoka ukuhambisana nombuso wokushisa nokungabikho kwezinguquko ezingazelelwe, lokhu kutholakala ngokuba khona kokufakwa okulula esivinini.

Amathuba okusebenzisa izinto ezahlukahlukene zokumboza nokufakwa kwemvelo kunganciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi nezindleko ezibonakalayo ezivinini ezinkulu, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye gcina izitshalo nethemba lesilimo esizayo.

Indlela ejwayelekile futhi ephephe kunazo zonke ukusika ukumboza umvini. Inketho enhle yeSiberia, i-Urals, iTransbaikalia, iBashkiria, Volga.

1. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izinto ezingefani ze-hydro- futhi ezifudumeza ezingezona elenziwe nokwakhiwa: ifilimu (mhlawumbe i-opaque), i-fiberglass, i-spunbond, impahla yophahla, i-polyethylene enezimpawu nokunye. Umvini ubekwa phezu kwe-chubuki eyenziwe ngokhuni noma izingcezu zesilayidi (izimbotshana zenjoloba nokuningi) futhi ugoqwe ngephepha eliningi, i-lutrasil (enye yezinketho).
   

   Amagilebhisi ahlukaniswa ne-lutrasil nephepha

2. Ama-Metal arcs (ama-trellises, ama-racks) afakwa ebangeni elingama-20-40 cm ukusuka kulesi sitshalo, kusale “i-air cushion”, bese kuthiwa i-heater, ibekwe phezu kwamagatsha e-spruce (imhlanga yomhlanga, utshani, amacembe awomile awile, sawdust) noma kufakwa i-insulation (geotextiles, wire insulating wire) , ishidi lochwepheshe, iruberoid, njll.
   

   Indlela eyomile yokufudumeza ifaka izinketho ezahlukahlukene zokufudumeza (imhlanga yomhlanga ngakwesobunxele, i-sawdust ngakwesokunene), konke kuya ngamathuba nezifiso zomnikazi wesayithi

3. Kubalulekile! Shiya izikhala ngenhlabathi kanye nezimbobo ezifakayo (izikhala) zokuhwamuka kwe-condensate.
   

   Ukufakwa kwamagilebhisi iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu

4. Emaphethelweni esiphephelo kulungiswa ngezitini noma kubakaki bensimbi, i-hemp. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa impilo yesiphephelo sasebusika amagilebhisi bese kulondolozwa uma kungavunguza umoya kanye nezinye isimo sezulu esibi.
   

   Uhlaka lokufakelwa olungagxiliwe luyisiqinisekiso sokuthi ubusika bungafinyeleleki

Izinto zokufakelwa okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla azimanzi, zigcina izinga lokushisa langaphakathi ngaphakathi kwetende ngamagilebhisi, linokuphefumula komoya futhi livumela umswakama okweqile ukuba uphume. Ukuphela kwendlela kule ndlela ukuthi utshalomali oluthile lwezinto ezibonakalayo alunakugwenywa.

Ngokuvamile, ukufaka amagilebhisi, izikhwama ezindala, izingubo zokulala, izingubo zangaphandle, iziqukathi zepulasitiki kanye namabhokisi, kuye ngosayizi wesihlahla nendawo okuyona endaweni.

Amagilebhisi okufuduka eqhweni nomhlaba angasivikela ngokuphelele lesi sitshalo eziqandeni nasemimoyeni, kepha le ndlela ilungele izinhlobo ezingamelana nesithwathwa ezikhula ezifundeni eziseningizimu yezwe lethu, eCentral Russia, eBelarus (eningizimu, eningizimu-mpumalanga), enyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Ukraine, eRostov, ngisho nasesifundeni saseVolga. Okusho ukuthi, kumasithwathwa anzima futhi abuyele kuqhwa, kukhona ithuba lokuqothula okuyingxenye kwamahlumela ngokufakwa okunganele.

Kepha abathengisi be wayini abaningi abanesipiliyoni kanye neminyaka eminingi yesipiliyoni bakhombisile ukuthi isembozo seqhwa, ukuphakama okungama-40-60 cm kuyindlela ekahle yokuhambisa umvini. Uma ngaphambili wawamboza amagatsha ngamagatsha aqukethe ngesihlahla sonwele noma ngamaqabunga awile futhi ukhubazekile kancane ngomhlaba - akumele kube nezinkinga ngokuqala ubusika.

Lapho kukhula ungqimba lweqhwa, kukhuphuka amathuba okuba umvini ubusika ngaphandle kokulahleka

Indlela yomsele ifaka ukulungiswa kwama-grooves ajule ngamasentimitha angama-50-70. Izimpande zamagilebhisi ezinamathele komunye nomunye zibekwa phansi emhlabathini, zimbozwe ngokhuni olukhethekile olwenziwe nge-slate noma ngokhuni (lokhu kuzogwema ukubola komdiliya). Amagilebhisi ambozwe ngokucophelela nge-burlap noma i-oyela evela phezulu afafazwe nomhlaba. Ebusika, uhlaka olunjalo lumbozwe yiqhwa futhi ligcina ukushisa ngokuphelele. Le nketho yamagilebhisi "ethuneni" kuze kube sentwasahlobo ilungele kahle i-Krasnodar Territory, iStavropol Territory, kanye neRostov Region; kuvame ukufakwa ngale ndlela eSifundeni Esimaphakathi Somhlaba, Isifunda saseMoscow, iBelarus kanye neBashkiria.

Igalari yezithombe: indlela yomsele yokufudumala amagilebhisi

Inqubo ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nobubi bayo, ukukhetha kuhlala nomgcini wegadi.

Amagilebhisi - kwanele ukumboza owokuqala unyaka ngebhodlela lepulasitiki elingamalitha ama-5 bese ufafaza nomhlaba. Uma ungabaza, amboze ngamagatsha kanye sawdust kusuka phezulu. Ukubonakala komoya omncane kuyadingeka ebhodleleni.

Ngabe udinga kuphi ukumboza amagilebhisi ebusika

Ngokuya endaweni esifunda kuyo le ndawo kanye nezimpawu zayo zesimo sezulu, isikhathi sokuhambisa izivini ebusika sizohluka. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, e-Ukraine, esifundeni saseRostov naseCrimea, imvamisa ziqala ukuthola amagilebhisi afudumele, angakwazi ukubekezelela iqhwa nokubanda kwesimo sezulu, ngasekupheleni kukaNovemba noma ngoDisemba.

ECentral Russia, esifundeni iVolga, eBelarus, lezi zinsuku ziza ngaphambili - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.

Ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha naseLeningrad, esifundeni saseBryansk, umvini uyakhululwa kumakhasi futhi usulungele ukufudumala usuvele maphakathi - ukuphela kuka-Okthoba.

Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zezwe lethu, eTransbaikalia, e-Urals, isithwathwa sokuqala namaqhwa eqhwa awalindi bese eqala ukufaka izinhlobo zomvini zama-dessert kusuka maphakathi no-Okthoba.

Hhayi inketho enhle yokumboza amagilebhisi lapho izinga lokushisa elisemgwaqweni lehla laya ephuzwini eliboniswe ku-ampelography yezinhlobonhlobo. Amazinga okushisa ansuku zonke ahle kakhulu alungiselela ubusika bamagilebhisi yi--5 -8 ° C, amafrimu wobusuku angafinyelela ku -10 ° C, phakathi nosuku, umbuso wamazinga wokushisa owamukelekayo wezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi ngu-0 -5 ° C.

Ngalesi sikhathi, umvini awusenamakhasi, futhi umswakama kanye nezakhamzimba zinesikhathi sokujula ezimpandeni, amagilebhisi aya ebusika enezimpande ezomile nezihluma zokulala. Kuyingozi ukufika ngaphambi kwemicimbi nokuphephisa isitshalo ngaphambi kwesikhathi - lapho ukufudumala, umvini uvala umlomo, futhi ama-buds angavuka nokugeleza kokuphuma kuqale - lokhu kuzoholela ekufeni kwengxenye yamahlumela ngisho nesitshalo sonke. Kodwa ukuhlala ungasebenzi ngaphambi kwamafriji aqhekekile akuyona inketho efanele. Uma ufike sekwephuzile ngendawo yokuhlala, amahlumela amagilebhisi azokoma kakhulu futhi acwebe, kulesi simo imivini yaphakade kanye namehlo alimala kalula, amathuba esitshalo okusinda ebusika ancishisiwe. Isitho esithambile kakhulu samagilebhisi kubanda yimpande, sifakwa kuqala, simboza ngokucophelela isikhala esizungeze isiqu.

Amagilebhisi afudumele anezindlela ezithuthukisiwe nezinto zokwakha zemvelo kunciphisa amathuba okubola nokuqothuka komswakama ngaphansi kwekhava

Abanye abalimi basebenza ngokuhlala emvinini. Esikhungweni sokuqala esibandayo, umvini olungiselelwe ubekwa futhi uphinwe, umbozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce notshani.Futhi lapho kuvela kuqala iqhwa lobusuku bokuqala noma lapho kubikezelwa amazibuko eqhwa, amagilebhisi afafazwa nomhlaba noma afihlwe ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela. Kwezinye izindawo eziseningizimu, lapho izinga lokushisa lingaconsi ngaphansi - ama-degree ayi-15, le ndlela yokukhosela okuyingxenye ilungele impela ukubanda okuphephile okugcwele ebusika.

Ividiyo: uzimboza nini amagilebhisi ebusika

Ungawumboza kanjani amagilebhisi ku-gazebo

Ngokutshala kwe-gazebo, abalimi bavame ukukhetha izinhlobo ezingekho emboza zomvini we-dessert noma izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe ezivimbelana nesithwathwa. Umvini wamagilebhisi anjalo ubusika busezingeni elifanele. Amahlumela kanye namehlo kuhlala kuze kube sentwasahlobo uma isitshalo sitshalwe endaweni evikelekile emimoyeni yasenyakatho eduze kodonga kwanoma yisiphi isakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, amagilebhisi avikelekile ekungeneni kwezulu nasekubuyiseleni iqhwa.

Kepha esimweni lapho amagilebhisi etafula, adinga ukufudumeza ubusika, akhula kwi-gazebo, amahlumela awo ayakhelwa futhi athunyelwe esakhiweni ukuze kuthi lapho kuqala ukuphola sikwazi ukuwasusa ngokucophelela bese ugoba phansi. Ngokulandelayo, umvini umbozwe ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe (i-lutrasil, i-spanbond), uyilungisa kumahlumela endaweni eqondile; noma ukumboza ngezihlangu zokhuni, zigobele odongeni lwe-gazebo.

Amagilebhisi akukhava gazebo aqonde

Ividiyo: ungasimboza kanjani umvini ku-gazebo

Imaphi amagilebhisi angadingi ukumbozwa ubusika

Njengomthetho, iningi lamagilebhisi obuchwepheshe kanye nolwezinye izinhlobo azidingi ukufakwa nobusika kahle ngaphandle kwendawo ekhethekile. Ama-buds awonakalanga futhi umvini uhlala lapho amazinga okushisa ehla afike ku-20 ° C e-Isabella, eLydia, e-Concord, eRace, njll. Amagilebhisi wezobuchwepheshe awazweli kakhulu kwisithwathwa futhi andise ukungatheleleki uma kuqhathaniswa nama-dessert hybrids.

Ama-hybrids ama-Vostorg, e-Krasa Severa, uNadezhda Azos, ngoDisemba, eKasparovsky, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zikadessert Muscat (eMoscow, ezokuThutha nezinye) zigcinwa kuze kube sentwasahlobo ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kokufakelwa. Kepha le ndlela yokukhetha ubusika ilungele izifunda eziseningizimu nephakathi neRussia, e-Ukraine. Enyakatho - eKhabarovsk, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk, e-Urals, amagilebhisi e-dessert athela isivuno esiningi uma wonke ama-buds namahlumela egcinwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa ukumboza ngokucophelela amahlumela amancane nomvini owenziwe nge-lignified, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona "ukuphumula" njalo komoya omncane.

Ifaka ezokuvimba amagilebhisi ezifundeni

Esifundeni ngasinye sezwe lethu, kanye nase-Ukraine naseBelarus, kukhona izici zobusika zomvini ebusika. Zihambisana nokukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha, ukutholakala kwalo kanye nezimpawu zekhwalithi.

Ungawagcina kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba nasesifundeni saseLeningrad

Izakhamizi zasehlobo zaseMoscow ziqala ukulungiselela amagilebhisi ebusika ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Ukunisela nokwelashwa kusuka ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokususwa kwamabhulashi ezithelo. Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, umvini uhlala ngaphandle kwamaqabunga futhi usukulungele ukufudumala. Esifundeni esingezansi nesifunda seLeningrad, amagilebhisi afakelwa indlela yomsele nendawo yokukhosela eyomile. Amahlumela akhulayo aboshwa futhi ahlanganiswe ezivikelweni zokhuni noma sawdust, ngaphezulu azimboza ngenqwaba yamagatsha namagatsha aqhakaza umoya, anomoya omuhle wokuhambisa umoya. Ngemuva kwalokho kufakwa ifreyimu, embozwe ngokhuni noma ngensimbi yaphansi ngohlobo lwendlu (ukuze umswakama ungaqoqi).

Amagilebhisi afudumele asebenzisa izihlangu zokhuni ezenziwa ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba

Ungawuvikela kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika maphakathi neRussia

Ezifundeni zase-Central Black Earth zaseRussia nesifunda seVolga, zonke izindlela ezingenhla zihamba phambili. Ungafudumala amagilebhisi usebenzisa i-oyela, i-ruberoid, izinto zokwenziwa, usebenzisa nezindlela ezithuthukisiwe (utshani, i-lapnik, umdwebo wehlamvu, amahlamvu, inhlamvu yokusanhlamvu, amagatsha).

Ividiyo: inketho yesabelomali sokugcina umvini eCentral Russia

Ungawumboza kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika e-Ukraine

Emhlabathini wase-Ukraine onesimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama, amagilebhisi aqine ebusika ajwayele ukubanda ngaphandle kokukhosela. Empumalanga yezwe, umvini ufakwa ngezihlangu zohlaka ezenziwe ngokhuni nasesilayidi, ngendlela ethambile - umane ugoba umvini phansi ufafaze ngenhlabathi. Into embi kakhulu yamagilebhisi ukufudumala okungalindelekile, lapho ama-buds angavuka khona bese kuqala ukuphuma kwe-sap. Ngakho-ke, iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqale ukufudumala ngesikhathi futhi ungagijimeli ukumboza amagilebhisi ngisho ngoNovemba, uma "ihlobo laseNdiya" libambezelekile emgwaqweni.

Ividiyo: amagilebhisi afakwa kanjani e-Ukraine

Ungawumboza kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika eBelarus

Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, amaBelarusian aqala ukulungiselela amagilebhisi ebusika, ifreyimu yokuvikela ifakwa kuphela ekuqaleni kwesithwathwa - maphakathi no-Novemba. Faka indlela eyomile yokufudumeza. Njengendawo yokukhosela, khetha i-agrofibre, i-spunbond kanye ne-synthetic synthetic, ngaphezulu ukuvikela embozweni lemvula nge-oyela noma nge-slate. Ukuvimbela izinso ukuthi zingabi manzi ngesikhathi sobusika obusika, futhi umswakama owandisiwe awuzange ubambe iqhaza ekwakhekeni kobumba nokubola, kuyadingeka ukushiya ama-vents ezinhlangothini zesitepho ukuze kungene umoya omncane. Lapha babheka inkinga enkulu ngesikhathi sasebusika esivinini - lokhu kumanzi.

Ividiyo: Indawo yokuhlala yamagilebhisi eBelarus

Ungawagcina kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika eSiberia

Isimo sezulu esibi saseSiberia sidinga indawo yokukhosela ethembekile yesiko le-thermophilic. Ngakho-ke, amagilebhisi afihlekile emiseleni ejulile, afaka phansi kwamapulangwe noma izingcezu zezitini ezivela ngaphansi. Ukusuka phezulu, bamboza kakhulu amahlumela nge-lutrasil futhi bavale nge-burlap. Ukufakwa okuyinhloko ngamagatsha e-spruce, sawdust, emhlabathini, avikelwe ngamashidi ensimbi noma ngesilayidi. Umthombo oyinhloko wokugcinwa kokushisa yiqhwa (ungqimba okungenani 50-60 cm). Qiniseka ukuthi wenza ukucutshungulwa kusuka kumagundane futhi ushiye izikhala ezincane zomoya omncane.

Ividiyo: Isando sasebusika soMvini (weSiberia)

Ukubuyekezwa

Isikhathi eside ngasebenzisa i-substrate enobukhulu be-3 mm. Wayenele ngokwanele isikhoselo sasebusika eGomel. Njengoba i-substrate, kanye nefilimu, ayinamanzi ngokuphelele, i-condensation ayinakugwenywa, ukuze umkhiqizo ungasiza ukwehlisa inani layo lifike ezingeni elamukelekayo.
Kule sizini, umugqa ongaphansi uzohambela izikole zokukhosela ezinezithombo, bese kuthengwa impahla yokukhosela entsha, ama-geotextiles esivinini esikhulu. Ngamafuphi, kufana ne-spunbond, kepha i-spanbond enkulu kakhulu inobunama-60 g / m, futhi lokhu kusebenza kungama-300 g / m. Ububanzi bokusetshenzwayo bungamamitha ayi-2. Ngihlela indawo yokukhosela ezingxenyeni ezi-2, ngiguqula lokhu okuqukethwe ngophakathi. Ngomcabango, sisuka ngokuphelele ekubuyiselweni, awukwazi ukwesaba ukubilisa (impahla idlula umoya nomswakama kahle, kepha isomisa masinyane ngemuva kokuthola amanzi, ngoba yenzelwe ngokuphelele), ngokungafani nesendlalelo ne-spunbond, i-opaque ngokuphelele, enhle kakhulu, ngoba awukho umphumela wokugcina ukushisa entwasahlobo.

Straw inketho eyodwa. Angisebenzisi utshani, ngivele ngimboze imivini epiniwe phansi ngensimbi engaphansi kwelemuls ngaphandle kwento. Ngokuqondene namagundane: 1. I-Shelter kufanele yenziwe sekwephuzile ngangokunokwenzeka, ngemuva kwesithwathwa sasebusuku, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, amagundane azothola enye indawo yokuphephela. 2. Izitolo zigcwele amakhambi ngokumelene namagundane. Noma amakhambi abantu - umuzwa wokushiswa, umsele ophethe uphethiloli wephunga, njll. 3. Esikhundleni sotshani sebenzisa udoti kaphayini (izinaliti eziwile) noma amagatsha e-fru spruce. Amagundane awahlali ngezinaliti.

Dutko Dmitry

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1. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukuvula isivini emva kobusika sekwephuze kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka! Ngakho-ke, sisusa umvini wamagilebhisi kusuka ekuhlungeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela sivikele izinso emonakalweni ngoqalo lwentwasahlobo. Lapho ngivula isivini sami ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, iqhwa nomhlaba kugcwele iqhwa ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela, kuyilapho amakherubi esivele eqhakaza engadini nezihlahla ze-apula seziqala ukuqhakaza. Kulokhu, izinto zokumboza kumele zibe mhlophe (lilanga - ziphendule) umbala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezinjalo akufanele zivezwe yilanga. Ngakho-ke, i-polyethylene ye-foam, ngisho ne-2 cm ubukhulu, ayifanele. Efanele kakhulu imhlophe, mhlawumbe ilukiwe, i-fiber eyenziwe umuntu, yanoma yikuphi ukushuba. Into esemqoka, njengoba asho, ukuthi ayikhanyi elangeni, i.e. awudlulisanga imisebe ye-infrared. Futhi, ngakho-ke, basimboza isivini nge-polyethylene futhi, kakade ngoFebhuwari, + ama-degree angama-20. Imivini isivele ikhule ngesikhathi sokuvula, futhi ngo-Ephreli kwenzeka kaningi -10 degrees. Uma kungenasembozo esihle, ungasimboza ngotshani obudala. Lapho-ke entwasahlobo, ngisho noMeyi, sithatha ngengozi isixha sotshani, kube neqhwa, nomhlaba uqhwa. 2. Ishelter futhi ivimba imivini ukuthi ingabi manzi emvuleni naseqhweni elimanzi ngesikhathi sobusika. Umvini ofakwe kanye namahlumela, namafrimu okubuya, noma ama-degree angama-10, angalimala kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokukhosela ebusika yamagilebhisi akufanele yenziwe kusuka eqandeni, kepha kusuka ebusika nasentwasahlobo thaws !!! Izolo ngaya esivinini sami - cishe inyanga cishe manje, ntambama, sinama-degree angama-10 emthunzini. Kakade yonke indawo alikho iqhwa, i-incl. bonke omakhelwane banakho, futhi iqhwa lisalele esivinini sami futhi lokhu kungumphumela wokumboza inhlabathi ngento emhlophe! Ngihlela ukuvula isivini, njengokuhlala kwenzeka, ngenyanga, hhayi ngaphambili.

Akovantsev Mikhail

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Isembozo seqhwa semvelo asanele ngisho naseningizimu yeRussia nasogwini Olwandle Olumnyama, futhi eSifundeni Esimaphakathi Somhlaba, Isifunda iVolga neSiberia, okuwukuphela kwendlela ethembekile yokugcina umvini kuze kube sentwasahlobo ukusebenzisa izinto zokumboza. Izindlela eziningi zokuvikela umvini nezindlela zokwenza le nqubo zikuvumela ukuba wenze ukukhetha ngokuthanda izinto zemvelo ezisetshenzisiwe noma ezenziwayo ezenziwe. Futhi uma umnikazi wesakhiwo efuna ukuvuna amagilebhisi kusebenze kahle, khona-ke awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokukhosela umvini ofanele ngokungafani nezinhlobonhlobo nokuvuthwa kwesilimo. Kusebenza engadini ngayinye ukuthi inqume ukuthi izimboza amagilebhisi ebusika noma cha. Kepha iminyaka eminingi yesipiliyoni sezinto ezibonisa ubuhlakani ifakazela ukuthi kunezimpikiswano ezishubile ezixhasa le nqubo.