I-Raspberry isihlahla esinolaka esithatha ngokushesha yonke indawo esabelwe kuyo futhi sizama njalo ukwandisa impahla yaso. Uma ungawunwayi izihlahla futhi ususe amahlumela ngokweqile, okusajingijolo kukhula ngokushesha kube ngamathanga angenakungeneka. Ngenhlanhla, ama-raspberries wokuthena ayindaba elula, futhi kumele enziwe ngesikhathi esikahle kakhulu: ngemuva kokuvuna nokuncane ekwindla.
Izinjongo okusajingijolo wokuwa ekwindla
Kungabonakala, kungani uza okusajingijolo ngesipuni nhlobo? Akekho umuntu owenza lokhu ehlathini, futhi kukhona amajikijolo anempilo anamakha anele kubo bonke abahlali basehlathini nabantu abeza namabhakede namabhasikidi. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi iyiphi indawo yamathanga asehlathini okudingeka uyiqoqe nokuthi singakanani isikhathi okufanele sisetshenziselwe ukuqoqa ibhakede le-raspberry. Yebo, ikhula yodwa, kepha ikhula incane futhi akukho okuningi kuyo ngokwesikwele. Ekhishini lasehlobo, sifuna ukuthola amajikijolo amakhulu nokuningi, kodwa sabela ingadi kahle uma kuyikota yekhulu, futhi kuvame ngisho nokuncane. Ngakho-ke, kufanele unakekele ama-raspberries: amanzi, zalisa, ukhulule, ulungiselele ubusika unqume konke okungadingekile ngesikhathi.
Amajikijolo ehlathini ayokhula amnandi, kepha ngaphandle kokunakekelwa ayoba mancane, ayoba mbalwa
Kwi-raspberry ejwayelekile yangaphakathi, ihlumela ngalinye lihlala izinkathi ezimbili: ukuvela entwasahlobo, likhula ngokungenakunyakaziswa, lihlale liguquguquka futhi luhlaza kuze kube sekupheleni, lilungiselela iqiniso lokuthi ngonyaka olandelayo kufanele linikeze isivuno se-berry bese somile futhi sife. Uma ungayithinti, ingahlala imile endaweni eyomile yomunye unyaka, noma ngaphezulu, ichitha uhlaka. Ekugcineni, izowa futhi iphenduke ibe yi-mulching impahla. Kubonakala kukuhle, kepha iqiniso ngukuthi iningi lesikhathi ngalesi sikhathi izimbungulu ezahlukene, izicabucabu, izinambuzane zama-raspberry kanye nalabo esincintisana nabo bezilimo banesikhathi sokuxazulula ihlumela. Nezilonda ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko sesidingo sama-raspberries wokuthena sicacile kithi. Amahlumela ancibilikile kumele asuswe ngesikhathi.
Isizathu sesibili sisemandleni esihlahla se-raspberry ukunikeza amahlumela amasha amaningi: ngaphezu kohlelo lwezimpande olungondla. Cha, labo abengeziwe, amahlumela, ngeke bafe ngokufa kwabo, kepha bayonika amajikijolo ambalwa, futhi bazodinga izakhamzimba eziningi. Ngakho-ke, isizathu sesibili sokuthatha i-pruner esandleni ukuqina ngokweqile kwezihlahla ezi-raspberry, isidingo sokuncipha kwawo kokuqala. Ngakho-ke lokho amahlumela aqine ngempela, alwela ukunikela ngesivuno esikhulu, abe nokudla okwanele, amanzi nelanga kulokhu, ukuze izihlahla zingangeniswa umoya, ukuze wonke amagciwane angadingekile namagciwane angazibutheli ku-raspberry. Kepha thina uqobo lwethu singena kanjani emathangeni okhela ngebhakede, sithatha amajikijolo? Ngakho-ke, kuvela ukuthi ngokunciphisa, sinendaba nempilo hhayi yama-raspberries kuphela, kodwa neyethu.
Le raspberry izoba nokuthile okufanele isebenze kuyo.
Ama-raspberries amaningi, uma uwanikeza ukudla okuningi neziphuzo, akhula ngesimo samabhasi amade kakhulu. Hhayi-ke, kungani sikhetha amajikijolo kusuka ku-stepladder? Ngemuva kwakho konke, i-raspberry ephakeme ngamamitha amabili nangaphezulu imane nje iyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho amahlumela amade kakhulu awanawo amandla anele okukhiqiza izitshalo kuwo wonke amagatsha awo, kuwo wonke ubude besiqu. Yebo, futhi kuzoba mbalwa kulawa magatsha, uma isiqu sizothambekela phezulu. Futhi isizathu sesithathu sicacile: ukunqamulela amahlumela amade kakhulu futhi kwakha isihlahla ukuze kwakheke amagatsha asebusweni futhi sithole amajikijolo kuwo. Ngokuthena okulungile, asibhubhisi isivuno esizayo, kodwa, kunalokho, sikwenza sichume.
Izihlahla eziningi zenziwa ngo-Okthoba kuphela, ukuze sibe nesikhathi sokuthola izinsuku ezifudumele. Kepha kuvela ukuthi umsebenzi oyinhloko ku-raspberry ojwayelekile (hhayi wokulungisa) ungenziwa ngaphambili! Amahlumela ancibilikile kufanele asikwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqa amajikijolo okugcina; ngokusobala kungazwakali kahle, amahlumela abuthakathaka ukususa lonke ihlobo, njengoba avela (ngemuva kwakho konke, kusheshe kube sobala ukuthi ufuna ukukhula abe mkhulu futhi aqine noma uzokuhlushwa nje kuphela!). Izihloko zezithombo ezinamandla zingalungiswa ngokushesha nje lapho ziba eziphakeme kunekhanda, futhi lokhu kungenzeki nhlobo ekwindla. Ngakho-ke, "ukunqunqulwa ekwindla" igama elenziwa ngokungenakuphikiswa; ekwindla ungashiya ukubonwa kokuqedelwa kwalesi senzo. Faka lemishanguzo cishe amasonto amathathu ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala.
Isu Lokusungula Ama-raspberries we-Autumn
Ukuthena okulungile kwama-raspberries ekwindla kunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bokukhathalela ama-raspberries entwasahlobo nasehlobo lonyaka olandelayo futhi kukhulisa kakhulu ikhwalithi nenani lamajikijolo akhethwe. Uma ebusika izihlahla zishiywe zingabi ngaphezu kweshumi, futhi mhlawumbe amahlumela angama-5-6 aqinile waminyaka yonke awekho ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili, isihlahla se-raspberry siyobonga kithi kuphela ngalokhu. Uma ukwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekile phakathi kwezihlahla ukhulule i-humus, usebenze kancane ngocingo, uwubeke emhlabathini bese ukhulula, futhi lapho kuvela amajikijolo, ungahlala ngokuhlala esihlahleni, okusho ukuthi sasebenza njengesipingi ngesizathu esihle. Entwasahlobo, kuzodingeka kuphela kuphela ukuqeda imiphumela ebusika enokhahlo ngokusika iziqalo ezifriziwe futhi uhlehlise amathuluzi okusika kuze kuqhume ihlumela elisha elingadingekile.
Uma ekwindla senze konke kahle, entwasahlobo kuphela kuzovela amahlumela anempilo esihlahleni se-raspberry nasendaweni efanele
Ngakho-ke, ake sicabange ukuthi ehlobo awuzange usike lutho kuma-raspberries, bese kuba uSepthemba eza (futhi mhlawumbe usuvele ngo-Okthoba), futhi esikhundleni sesihlahla samasiko ubona ihlathi leziqu ezinezigaba zezinhlobonhlobo. Okufanele ukwenze
- Thola isihlahla esihle. Ngokunokwenzeka, kufanele ube nayo kwenye indawo. Kuma-raspberries, azikho izinketho ezibizayo ezidingekayo, ngamasu wokukhohlisa, iziqu zawo kulula ukusika. Into esemqoka ukuthi lo mkhakha uphilile futhi ubukhali. Futhi okuhlanzekile. Uma kungazelelwe kulele esibayeni emhlabathini nokugqwala - geza, uhlanze, ugaye. Uma amakholwa - lapho kudingeka khona, gcoba amafutha.
Kuma-raspberries, i-pruner elula kodwa elula kunazo zonke yesandla sakho ifanelekile
- Hlola ukwanda okwenziwe ngobunono futhi uqonde ukuthi uzoqala kuphi. Uma kunzima ukungena kubo, kuzofanele usebenze "ngezendlalelo", wenza wonke umsebenzi wokusika ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma isimo singesosizi kangako, futhi usengakwazi ukugoba phakathi kwezihlahla, kungcono ukuqala ngokususwa konyaka owedlule, okungukuthi, iziqu ezilahlile. Kulula ukuthi babone ngisho nesiqalo: aluhlaza, kepha siluhlaza. Hhayi nokunwebeka, kodwa icishe yomile, inenkuni. Sika amahlumela wonyaka odlule eduze komhlaba ngangokunokwenzeka, uzama ukungashiyi ama-stumps (izinambuzane zihlala kuzo!). Ngokunokwenzeka, ukusika amahlumela amadala, uzohlangana nabancane, kodwa kusobala ukuthi akusizi ngalutho (kugwegwe, kubuthakathaka, njll.). Uma kufanelekile - ngaphansi kommese ngokushesha. Yebo, futhi, kunjalo, gqoka amagilavu kuqala. Futhi okungcono - i-tarp gauntlet ngakwesobunxele, futhi akukho lutho olungagqokwa ngakwesokunene, ngama-secateurs.
Amahlumela ancibilikile kulula ukuwahlukanisa kusuka kokuncane, okuluhlaza
- Uma ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo nezimpethu zanyakenye, qhubekela esigabeni esilandelayo. Mhlawumbe, ngenkathi uhamba ungena emahlathini, ama-bush ahlukaniswe ngokuphelele amasentimitha angama-70-80 ahlukaniswe ngokuphelele. Uma isimo siba nzima ngokwengeziwe futhi ihlathi lihlala, kufanele unqume ukuthi yini manje esizobheka njengamabhasi. Ehlathini ngalinye, akumele kube ngaphezu kweshumi amahlumela amaningi anamandla, kodwa ama-5-6 anele. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhona khona ingubo enkulu kunazo zonke ngeziqu ezinjalo, sizokwenza isihlahla. Yonke into ephakathi kwezihlahla ihlanzwa iye enhlabathini. Vele, lelo hlumela elikhula phakathi kwezihlahla lingadluliselwa kwenye indawo - lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo zokutshala izinto kuma-raspberries. Ngemuva kokukhetha izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu, ungazimba ngokucophelela kanye nezimpande bese ubeka umbhede omusha.
Akufanele ukushiya inqwaba yokuqothuka okunjalo phakathi kwezihlahla, kodwa kuzoba okulungile ukukufaka endaweni entsha
- Manje izihlahla zihlukanisiwe. Sibheka ngokucophelela ngokwengeziwe. Iziqu ezinezifo zesifo noma izinambuzane akufanele zihlale ebusika. Kumlimi ongenalwazi ngokuphelele, kuneziqondiso ezimbili eziphambili ekufuneni iziqu ezinjalo nokuzithumela ngokuphuthumayo emlilweni. Lokhu ukuvuvukala esiqwini (uhlobo lokukhula okwenziwa spherical, kunoma yikuphi ukuphakama, kepha kaningi - kusondele emhlabathini). Futhi yilokhu okubizwa ngokuthi panicle: amagatsha esiqu abe ngamagatsha amaningi amancane, ahamba ngendlela yomshanelo. Amahlumela anjalo awaguli nje kuphela, akhombisa ukuthi ama-raspberries kungenzeka ukuthi aphathwe. Kepha le yindaba ehlukile. Kanye namahlumela anesifo, sisike futhi kusobala ukuthi siphukile.
Ayikho indawo yeziqu ezinjalo esihlahleni se-raspberry: izinambuzane eziyingozi zitholakala kulokhu kuqhakaza
- Ukusika amahlumela agulile futhi aphukile, siphinda sicabange ukuthi bangaki abantu abanempilo abahlale ehlathini. Khumbula ukuthi kungakuhle ukushiya izingcezu ezi-5-6, kuze kufike kweshumi. Futhi uma esevele engaphansi? Hhayi, yini okufanele uyenze, wethule i-berry. Sizolungiswa ngonyaka olandelayo. Okwamanje, bona ukuthi bonke abaphilile kufanele bashiywe. Uma amahlumela amahle ehlangana komunye nomunye futhi awahlikihla, kuyadingeka ukususa lawo mabi kakhulu. Uma ihlumela "elivela embizeni lingama-vertices amabili", noma kunalokho, lingamasentimitha angama-40 amade, namamilimitha amathathu ubukhulu, akukho lutho angalwenza engadini. Ngeke kube khona mqondo ovela kuye. Sika.
- Futhi cishe okokugcina: ukuthena amagatsha amade. Isikhathi esingakanani - kuncike, eqinisweni nasezinhlotsheni zezulu ezinhlobonhlobo. Othile namamitha ayi-1.5 abonakala emaningi, nomuntu omude. Ngokuvamile, impendulo ecacile ayikwazi ukunikezwa, kepha amamitha ayi-2 maningi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqongo zez amahlumela ezinde kakhulu, kungenzeka zisabanda ebusika, kanti entwasahlobo kuzodingeka ukuthi zinqunywe ngandlela thile: kuyaqabukela zikwazi ukuvuthwa ngokugcwele ngaphambi kobusika, futhi uma zenza, zinika ama-buds abuthakathaka ngama-fruiting ampofu. Ngakho-ke, ukugunda "njengesilinganiso nobuhle kuzotshela", kepha okungenani sikunqamulela ngamasentimitha ayi-15 ukuya ku-20. Ngendlela, bekungcono futhi ukwenza lokhu ngo-Agasti, futhi amagatsha amasha abeyovela esiqwini.
Imvamisa ekupheleni kwehlobo, iziqongo ezincane ziyaqhakaza. Ngakho-ke, ngeke basinde ebusika, futhi badinga ukunqunywa ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Kusalokhu kuthathwa isinqumo sokuthi uzobeka kuphi okusikiwe. Uma kunokuqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi azikho izifo nezinambuzane ku-raspberry yakho, ungasika izihlahla zibe yizicucu (10-20 cm, njengoba isandla sakho sithatha) bese usisakaza ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Kuzoba nesichibi esimnandi nesiphephelo sezimpande kusuka kusiqhwa (ngisho nebhere lenza ihlombe ehlathini elidala le-raspberry!). Kepha kaningi kunalokho, asikho isiqiniseko sempilo ephelele yezitshalo, futhi kufanele uthumele ukusikwa emlilweni. Lapha udinga ukuqaphela. Iziqu namaqabunga ama-raspberries ashisa kahle futhi ukushisa kunika okuningi.
- Uma uhlala ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibuhlungu, khona-ke eduze komhlaba, iziqu ezisele esihlahleni ngasinye kufanele zifakwe izikhwebu, ziboshwe kancane futhi zigobeke phansi ngangokunokwenzeka, kepha zingaphuki. Isithwathwa yisiphephelo esihle kakhulu kusuka kusihlwa. Yebo, ezifundeni ezisenyakatho impela ebusika kufanele futhi zimbozwe ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe (i-lutrasil, spanbond).
Iphutha elivame kakhulu lapho kuthenwa ama-raspberries ukushiya iziqu. Futhi okunye kunzima ukwenza iphutha - sikwenza kube lula futhi kuyinto enhle
Uma ukunakekelwa okusajingijele kwenziwa ngokuhlelekile, khona-ke usuvele ungumlimi onolwazi, futhi izeluleko zethu azisizi ngalutho kuwe. Ngokunokwenzeka, uvela ku-raspberry nge-pruner okungenani kanye ngenyanga futhi uyigcine ngokulandelana okuhle, ushiye amahlumela amaningi emabeleni anempilo njengoba kwenzeka ngonyaka owedlule.
Uma imithetho yokuthena ama-raspberry ejwayelekile ilula kakhulu, awukwazi ukusho okufanayo mayelana nezinhlobo zokulungisa: iyakwazi ukukhiqiza amajikijolo hhayi kuphela amahlumela aneminyaka emibili, kodwa nakwezonyaka. Ngakho-ke, usebenzisa indlela ejwayelekile, kungenzeka usike ngephutha amahlumela amasha, ngoba kuyacaca ukuthi vele ayenamajikijolo phezu kwawo, bese uzishiya ngaphandle kwengxenye eqinile yesilimo. Ukulungisa ama-raspberries kusikwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nangoNovemba, ngoba kuthokozisa umnikazi ngesivuno, yize kuncane, kuze kube yiqhwa. Kepha imvamisa ukuthenwa kwezinhlobo zokulungisa kudluliselwa ngokuphelele entwasahlobo ukubona imiphumela yokwanda.
Abalimi abanolwazi basika iziqu zeminyaka emibili ubudala zama-raspberries ngaphansi kwempande ekwindla, kodwa bashiye amahlumela amaningi alo nyaka, bawuthengela kakhulu. Iziqu ezisele ngokukhula okungama-25-30 cm entwasahlobo zinika amahlumela amasha futhi abe nesikhathi sokunikeza izilimo ezimbili. Yize lokhu, kunjalo, kuya ngesimo sezulu sale ndawo. Wabasaqalayo bavame ukwelulekwa ukuthi basike zonke iziqu "ziye ku-zero" ekwindla, ngaphandle kokuqonda: entwasahlobo, abasha bazothola isikhathi sokukhula futhi bavune. Futhi mhlawumbe ezimbili, uma isimo sezulu sivuma.
Video: Ukuthena okusajingijolo ekwindla
Ukuthena ama-raspberry kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekwandeni kwalesi berry esinempilo. Ukuthenwa ngesikhathi kwenziwa kuqinisekisa ukwanda okukhulu kwesivuno kuphela, kodwa futhi kulula ekunakekelweni kwamahlathi. Ukuyenza ngemuva kokuvunwa, sisiza isitshalo ukuthi sithole amandla okuzala ngonyaka olandelayo.
