Imithetho eyisisekelo kanye nezici zamagilebhisi zokuthena entwasahlobo nasekwindla

Ukuthena amagilebhisi kanye nokudla kanye nokunisela kuthinta ikhwalithi yokuqhakaza izithelo nokukhula kahle komvini. Lo mcimbi udinga ukunakekelwa kanye nendlela enengqondo. Inqubo ikuvumela ukuba unqume ngokufanele umthwalo emasimini, ukwakha isihlahla ngokuya ngezici zokuhlukahluka, uhlobo lokusekelwa nendawo yokuhlala kwesakhiwo sengadi. Umvini othenwe kahle ubukeka ucocekile, umhlobiso futhi unesithelo esikhulu.

Ngabe ngidinga ukunquma amagilebhisi

Sika imivimbo yakudala, egulayo, ikhula ngendlela engafanele, ukuze yakhe amahlumela amasha, kuyadingeka ngendlela efanayo ukondla nesitshalo leso. Inqubo yokuthena amagilebhisi ikuvumela ukuthi uguqule kahle umthwalo emahlumela ezithelo (wenza izihlahla), uvikele isitshalo emiphumeleni emibi yezinambuzane futhi unciphise amathuba okutheleleka kwezilimo zezithelo (izihlahla zokuhlanzeka). Ngokwenzekayo, kuyacaca ukuthi isikhathi sokuphila, ukungatheleleki kanye nokukhiqiza kwesitshalo nakho kuya ngomcimbi. Ukunisela imivini ngeke kulethe ubunzima uma wazi ukwakheka komvini nezimpawu zezinhlobo ezikhethiwe.

Awuthena nini amagilebhisi

Ukuthenwa kwenhlanzeko kwenziwa ekwindla, entwasahlobo kwakhiwa isihlahla kucatshangelwa ukusekelwa kanti umthwalo ulawulwa ngamaqembu. Ekwindla, iziswebhu ezindala, ezomile nezonakalisiwe empeleni zisikwa, kusale inqwaba yamehlo esitokweni (uma kungalimala amagilebhisi yiqhwa). Ngokwemiphumela yokubanda ubusika entwasahlobo, bazimisele ngobude bokusika kanye nokukhethwa komqhele omuhle womqhele.

Ividiyo: ukusika amagilebhisi nini

Ukuthenwa kwe-Autumn kwamagilebhisi

Ukuthena i-Autumn kuqalwa emavikini ama-2-3 ngemuva kokuphela kokuvunwa. Sika kuqala lesi sitshalo emaqabungeni omisiwe, ama-curve amadala amahlumela asendulo, azosuswa nakanjani ngenkathi yamanje. Futhi susa imivimbo eyeqile, evuthwe kahle futhi engakhuli kahle (phakathi kwesihlahla kuya phansi). Kuphela amahlumela amancane afinyelela ku-7 mm obukhulu nenombolo enkulu yamehlo (izingcezu eziyi-8-16) ezisele ngaphandle komonakalo. Isihlahla sokugcina silindele ukuthi ubusika buhleleke ngemuva kwesithwathwa sokuqala (ishumi lokugcina lika-Okthoba - ukuqala kukaNovemba), ngaleso sikhathi umvini osikiwe usiba nsundu bese uqhekeka kancane lapho ugobile. Iphesenti lokuthenwa kwezithelo linqunywe, ligxile ekukhuleni kwamahlumela, sekuphelele, akukho ngaphezu kwama-80% amahlumela anqunywe. Ngokuya ngobude obukhethiwe, inombolo edingekayo yama-buds isele kwimivimbo yezithelo yesizini ezayo. Kuthandwa kakhulu abacibishelayo bezithelo abanommese wokufaka esikhundleni, futhi ongagobeka kalula futhi ngokuphephile phansi futhi kufakwe iso lezithelo.

Bazama ukususa amahlumela aqobayo ukuze imivimbo esele esele ikhule ngokugcwele kwisizini ezayo

Ukuze ungasenzi buthaka lesi sitshalo ngilindele isithwathwa, abalimi abaningi benza izihlahla zokuhlanzeka zasekwindla kuphela ezingcolile. Ukwakheka kwesixhumanisi sezithelo kuqala kuphela entwasahlobo, lapho kulula ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuphila okuphilayo nokungashabalali.

E-Russia maphakathi, ukugawulwa kwekwindla kuyinto ejwayelekile yezinhlobo zetafula ezidinga ukumbozwa ubusika, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ubukhulu besihlahla. Ngasika izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe (endaweni yakithi - i-Isabella, iLydia, iRaja) entwasahlobo, lapho kukhona "ukukhala" futhi masinyane esitshalweni esomile, amahlumela, angaphenduki (ofile) abonakala.

Ukuthena kwentwasahlobo

Inhloso yokuthena kwentwasahlobo ekugcineni ukudala isixhumanisi sezithelo nokunikeza isitshalo isimo esihle, siqondise ku-trellis noma i-arbor. Entwasahlobo, inqubo iqalwa ngaphambi kokuba ama-buds avuleke, kepha lapho ukushisa kuqala - kumazinga okushisa angaphansi kwe- + 10 ° C ntambama, lapho usongo lwezinhlaka zemini nobusuku seludlulile (ngasekupheleni kukaMashi eningizimu yeRussia, ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli - endaweni ephakathi yezwe). Kungcono ukunquma imivimbo yamagilebhisi endaweni enelanga, nesolile.

Imivini ebilokhu ikhula ngonyaka odlule iyanqunywa. Khetha amahlumela aqinile anempilo:

• Abadubuli bezithelo abangu-2-4 (ubukhulu be-3-7 mm) ezinhlotsheni zezitafula;
• kusuka amahlumela amabili kuya kwayi-6 (ububanzi 4-8 mm) kumagilebhisi obuchwepheshe.

Ngokuya ngezimpawu zemvelo zezinhlobonhlobo, ukuthathwa komvini isikhathi eside, okuphakathi noma esifushane kwenziwa ngokubheka umthwalo esitshalweni, kwakha isixhumanisi sezithelo.

Ingabe amagilebhisi agawulwa ehlobo?

Umqhele okhula ngokuqinile wamagilebhisi udinga ukunakwa eduze ehlobo. Ukuze izakhi ezidingekayo zilethwe emahlumela ezithelo, futhi amahlumela agcwaliswe ngamajikijolo amnandi, amajikijolo, ukuthenwa kwehlobo kuyadingeka. Kuyadingeka:

• susa njalo izingane zokutholwa (amahlumela wokuhleba wesibili akhula kusuka kuma-buds okulala);
• i-coinage - amahlumela we-aplique apical asikwa ngo-20-25 cm izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesikhathi sokukhula;
• amaqabunga acinene aminyanisa esihlahleni ngokwedlulele futhi afihla imibala yamaqoqo (imifino eningi ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezifo zokukhunta emvinini).

Izingane zokutholwa zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zithathe ingxenye encane yezakhamzimba nomswakama, ngakho-ke zinqunywa phakathi nehlobo njalo emavikini amathathu

Ungawuthena kanjani amagilebhisi

Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo, balungiselela ukusika futhi baqoqe ngethuluzi elidingekayo. Ngaphambi kokuqala lo mcimbi obalulekile, kufanele:

• chaza iminyaka yesitshalo;
• nquma ukusekelwa kwemicibisholo yezithelo;
• khetha inketho zokwakha umqhele.

Ngesikhathi sokuthena ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, ngenxa yalokho, ama-50 kuya kwangama-80% amahlumela esihlahla somvini asuswa.

Ividiyo: ungawuthena kanjani amagilebhisi

Ukulungisa isihlahla sokuthena

Ngaphambi kokuthena, isisekelo sesiqu sihlanza kusuka kumakhasi amadala nokhula, izimpande zamazolo angaphezulu ziyalungiswa. Ngemuva kokususwa okuncane kwemivimbo ekhula ngaphakathi kwesihlahla, futhi kungavuthiwe, kanye namahlumela akhuluphayo, imivini iyasuswa ekusekelweni ibekwe ngokucophelela emhlabathini (ekwindla). Ngesikhathi sokuthena kwentwasahlobo, amagilebhisi aqothulwe kuqala axazululwa kusekelo, khona-ke imivimbo eyengeziwe iyasuswa kusetshenziswa ama-secateurs.

Imithetho eyisisekelo

Ukuze imicibisholo yezithelo ikhule kahle, isivuno singehli, kubalulekile ukutadisha ezinye zezici zokuthena umvini.

1. Kukhethwe amahlumela amasha lapho ifindo lokufaka elinye endaweni lingaphandle. Uma kwenzeka ungekho, amahlumela akheka ngemivimbo engu-ngonyaka owedlule.
2. Sika umcibisholo wezithelo eduze ne-internode 3 cm ngaphezu kweso.
3. Umthwalo osedutshulweni ungasusela kwamehlo amane kuya kwayi-16, kulesi sitshalo ngokuphelele, ukusuka kuma-25 kuye kwangama-30; ezinhlotsheni ezinamandla - aze afike ku-45 ocelli.
4. Ekwindla, amahlumela anqunywa ngokuqondile noma nge-engela, entwasahlobo - njalo ngokungacabangi ukuze i-apiary (enamathelayo, ewuketshezi olungabonakali egcinwe ezitshalweni lapho ihlumela lonakalisiwe) alunambithisi ukuqhuma.
5. Ukwenza ukusika, ama-secateurs abekwa ngecala elibukhali engxenyeni esele, ummese obanzi (ukugcizelela) ubhekiswe engxenyeni esusiwe.
6. Izihlahla zihlala zenziwa kusukela ngaphandle kwesihlahla ukuze kungaphazamisi ukuhamba kwemvelo okuvela ngasikhathi sinye.
7. Ukuze ugweme ukwephula amahlumela amafinyeziwe ngaphansi kokufudumala (ebusika) noma ngaphansi komthwalo wamaqhubu (ehlobo), agobeke ekhoneni aze afike esiqwini.

Ukushaya indiva imithetho yokuthena umvini kungenzeka ukuthi ungabhubhisi isitshalo, kepha ungalahlekelwa isivuno kalula

Ungasakha kanjani isixhumanisi sezithelo

Inhloso eyinhloko yokuthena izihlahla iwukwakha ngokufanele ingxenye yemithambo yempilo yomvini, lapho izixhumanisi zezithelo zitholakala khona - isiswebhu sogilemu sanyakenye, esihlanganisa:

1. Ifindo lokufaka esikhundleni ihlumela elifushane, elisikwe ku-2 buds, lapho kwakhiwa khona isixhumanisi sezithelo sesikhathi sezitshalo esizayo.
2. Iso ngamahlumela lapho amahlumela asekelayo wesitshalo salo nyaka ayokhula khona.
3. Umcibisholo wezithelo - ihlumela lanyakenye, lisike ngokuya ngezimpawu zokuhlukahluka kwenombolo ethile yamehlo. Yileli ihlumela elifaka umthwalo wokuvuna.

Ngokwesibonelo sokwakheka kwesixhumanisi sezithelo emabhasini wemikhono emine, kubonakala ukuthi ukuqhuma ngakunye kuqukethe ifindo lokufaka esikhundleni somcibisholo wezithelo

Lapho usungula ifindo lokufaka esikhundleni salokho, yenza njalo ukusika okuqondile kusuka ngaphandle kwesiswebhu, kuyilapho ushiya ama-buds ayi-2-3.

IVidiyo: Amagilebhisi okuthena isixhumanisi sezithelo

Ukwakha isixhumanisi sezithelo, ukugawulwa kwamahlumela obude obuhlukile kuyenziwa, kucatshangelwa ukuzala kwemivimbo ekhethiwe: engxenyeni engezansi, ephakathi noma ephezulu yomvini.

• Ukuthena okufushane - ukuthola ama-buds ayi-4-6, khetha amagilebhisi anamehlo aphansi akhiqiza kakhulu. Ngokuvamile izihlahla ezinjalo zisetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni zokugcina ukushisa nasemvinini onesiqu esiphakeme.
• Ukuthena okuphakathi - okwenzelwe ama-8-10s e-buds, kufanelekile ezinhlobonhlobo eziphakathi nendawo, isivuno esikhulu saso esisenkabeni yehlumela.
• Ukuthena okude - ama-buds ayi-10-12 asetshenziselwa kakhulu izihlahla ezinamandla ezikhula ngamagilebhisi ezinoshukela, kanye nokuthena izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe obuningi.
• Ukuthena okuhlanganisiwe kuyenziwa, ngokwesibonelo, lapho kwakheka isixhumanisi sezithelo esiqinisiwe: ukuqothuka okungaphezulu kunqunywa isikhathi eside (ngokwesibonelo, ngezinso eziyi-10-16) - kuzothwala umthwalo owande kakhulu wamaqhubu, ophansi (sishiya izinso ezi-4, 8 noma eziyi-10) - ngokusho kwezimpawu zezinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo , lokhu kudutshulwa kulayisha ngokwejwayelekile. Ukuthena okunjalo kufanelekile kumagilebhisi anezihlahla ezikhule kahle futhi kubekezelelwa ngokungazelelwe umthwalo owengeziwe wesilimo.

Kulesi sibalo, okuhlukile kokuthena okuhlanganisiwe kwamagilebhisi, lapho kusetshenziselwa khona izihlahla iDemo (1) naphakathi (enkabeni yesihlahla), yinde (ezinhlangothini) ukuthola amahlumela athela izithelo (2)

Izindlela zokwakhiwa kwamagilebhisi

Ukukhetha inketho yokwakha amagilebhisi, cabanga ngezinhlobonhlobo zemivini. Ngakho-ke, amagilebhisi ezimboni ahlala abekwa ku-arch kanye ne-gazebo, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwakheka kweCoronon zilungele indawo yokudlela. Qiniseka ukuthi unaka ubudala, ukumelana nesithwathwa sesitshalo, iphesenti lokuxinana kuzinhlobonhlobo, ukuthi isiqu kanye namahlumela kukhula kangakanani (ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezilandelanayo kuncike kulokhu).

Kubalulekile ukungakhohlwa ngobuchwepheshe bokutshala amagilebhisi - izihlahla ezinamandla zivame ukubekwa kuma-trellises aqinile nama-arbor aphezulu kanye ne-pergolas. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kuyabhekwa ukuthi isihlahla esinjalo sidinga ukunakwa okuphezulu - indawo yokondleka nomthamo womswakama ukhula amahlandla amaningana, ngokungafani nezinhlobo ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, ezikhula kahle ngesimo esisezingeni ne-cordon.

Amagilebhisi amade anamandla anika ukugcotshwa ngokweqile, okusebenza kangcono ukuhlanza ngokucophelela kwi-gazebo noma i-arch ephakeme, futhi ngaphandle kwalokhu isihlahla sibukeka sicocekile, isivuno siyancipha. Uma ufuna ukuhlobisa isiza nge-gazebo eqondiswe ngemivini egudlwe ngamaqhubu, lokhu kuzodinga umzamo omkhulu kanye nokutshala imali ngokwezezimali. Kuhlinzekwa ukugqoka okuphezulu njalo nokucheba ngocelemba abade bengadi, ukuhlanza ngaphakathi kwe-gazebo, ukuthambisa isihlahla njalo (ukukhipha ukungabinala nokuzala kwanoma yiziphi izinambuzane ezingathandeki) kuhlinzekiwe. Ngangiqiniseka ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami ​​ukuthi ukwakheka okunjalo kudinga ukunakwa kakhulu kunesibonelo, i-standard noma i-cordon. Ukuthola "i-grbor arbor" ehloniphekile, inketho engcono kakhulu ukutshala inhlobo eyodwa enamandla futhi uyinake. Uma uhlela ukumane uvune, izinhlobo ezinobukhulu obuphakathi (izinhlobo ezingama-2-3) ezakhiwe kukholoni evundlile noma e-oblique ziyafaneleka. Ngeke baphinde bathathe isikhala, umsebenzi kanye nesikhathi ngaphezu kwamagilebhisi ku-gazebo.

Izindlela eziphambili zokwakha isihlahla samagilebhisi:

• ukwakheka kwabalandeli;
• ukuthena okujwayelekile nokungejwayelekile;
• ukwakheka komvini ku-arched vertical verll kanye ne-arbor;
• ukuthena kwentambo.

Igalari yezithombe: izinketho zokwakhiwa kwamagilebhisi esihlahleni

Ukwakhiwa kwabalandeli kwesihlahla samagilebhisi

Enye yezindlela ezilula zokunquma nokubumba isihlahla samagilebhisi is a fan. Ilungele izitshalo ezisencane futhi enwebe ngokweqile, ewayinini nezinhlobonhlobo ze-dessert. Ngokusho kwabathengisi beviniga abaningi, ukubumba fan kuyinto elula futhi elula. Kepha futhi imivimbo ye-fan icompact futhi ihlobisa, kulula ukuyibeka ekwindla yokufudumeza ubusika nasentwasahlobo ukuyibeka ekusekelweni kwanoma yikuphi ukuphakama.

Ukwakheka kwabalingisi kuhlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwemivini yezithelo yangemuva eminingana ebekwe ekhoneni komunye nomunye futhi inqunywe ngobude obuhlukahlukene. Ukuqhuma ngakunye kunamehlo acishe abe ngu-6 kuye ku-14 kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Ifindo lokufaka esikhundleni selinye kungenzeka lingekho, isivuno sonyaka olandelayo kuleli cala sikhula kwesinye sezivini (esinamandla kakhulu esiseduzane nesisekelo sesihlahla ngangokunokwenzeka).

Kwakhiwa isigaxa esiyingalo ezimbili ezitshalweni ngonyaka wokuqala: lesi sitshalo sinqunywa kube ama-buds ama-3 bese ifindo lokufakwa esikhundleni lishiywe egatsheni ngalinye. Ngonyaka wesibili, ungashiya imivimbo emibili noma emine (kuya ngamandla esihlahleni). Kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu, imikhono emine kuphela eyakhiwa, engahlala ngokuzayo, noma, ukwandisa umthwalo ezinhlotsheni zamagilebhisi ezinamandla, iziswebhu zingangezwa - kuze kufinyelele kumikhono eyi-10.

Ukwakheka kwabalandeli kuza ngaphandle kwesiqu. Njengomthetho, fan ejwayelekile inemikhono embalwa kune fan engenamkhawulo.

Ividiyo: Amagilebhisi anjenge-fan

Ukwakhiwa okungenasihlahla sesihlahla samagilebhisi

Amagilebhisi ngendlela engenamdlandla asetshenziswa endaweni yokumboza i-viticulture. Izindlela ezinjalo kulula ukuzimboza ebusika futhi zivuseleleka ngemuva kokulimala kwesithwathwa.

Ngonyaka wokuqala, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa ukukhula okubuye kabusha ukuze siqinise futhi sakha imivimbo enamandla ngesizini ezayo. Entwasahlobo yonyaka wesibili, kwenziwa ikhefu (10 cm) ezansi kwesiqu, lapho ukhula nesiqu eside sikhula khona. Ekwindla yalowo nyaka, amahlumela angcwatshwayo afafazwa ubusika, manje isihlahla somvini sinokukhula okumbili ngesimo semishayo, kufakwe emhlabathini nge-engela ka-45 ° C - lokhu kuyizingalo ezimbili.

Kuze kube amahlumela amane ashiye fan ngaphandle kwesiqu, kwesinye sezihlahla zazo ezimbili ezakhekile (esinye sazo ifindo lokufaka esikhundleni esizayo)

Izinhlobo zabalandeli zihlukaniswe zaba abalandeli kanye nohhafu we-fan (ukwakheka kwes fan eyodwa). Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ushiye imikhono emine enesisekelo sokuvuselela ohlangothini olulodwa. Kunomumo we fan fan onqenqemeni. Kusetshenziswa ezifundeni eziseningizimu, lapho ebusika isiqu sibaluhlu futhi sinqunywe.

L. SlepkoIbhukwana elithi "Isikole salesiqalo seviniga saseSiberia"

Ukunquma Amagilebhisi

Ukuthena okuhlanganisiwe nokuhlanganisiwe okuhlangene (i-shtamb + fan) sekutholakele ukuthandwa endaweni ngokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okubukhali, lapho iqhwa lingangena ebusika elinamaqhwa, futhi ukufudumala okubukhali kubangela ukuba amehlo ancibilike.

Imivini yakhiwa esiqwini esiphakeme sangemuva, esifakwa ebusika (spud noma ukugoqa okufakelwe okungezona okwelukiwe); amahlumela anqamule ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka okunjalo kufanelekile endaweni ye-viticulture engafakwanga.

Entwasahlobo, amahlumela afakwa kwi-pruning emifushane (ngamehlo ayi-4-6). Imivimbobo ifakwa phansi noma iboshelwe kusekela ngokufana, emhlabathini noma ngokuqondile - lokhu kuya ngomthwalo wamaqhubu esihlahleni. Kulokhu, i-shtamb (70-150 cm ukuphakama) isebenza njengokusekelwa kwamahlumela akhiqizayo.

Esihlakaleni segadi, amagilebhisi esiqwini abukeka njengomhlobiso futhi acwebile.

Amagilebhisi ahlanganisiwe ngokuvamile abukeka njengomuthi, kungakhathalekile ubude besiqu

Ngomthwalo omkhulu wesilimo esihlahleni, iziqu ziboshwe ziboshwe amahlumela amasha nesiqu se-apiki saso.

Ividiyo: ukuthenwa kwamagilebhisi okujwayelekile

Ukwakheka kwamagilebhisi ku-trellis enezindiza ezimbili

Ukusekelwa kwendiza eyodwa kulungele izinhlobo ezincane zedessert noma ephakathi nendawo noma ekukhuleni okuqinile eminyakeni emibili yokuqala. Ngonyaka wesithathu, kungcono ukuthi uqinise amagilebhisi aqinile ukusekela onokwethenjelwa - ku-trellis enezindiza ezimbili (mpo noma ithambekele). Ukukhula okunamandla nomthwalo owandayo, ukwesekwa okukuhlangothi olulodwa kuzobekezelela kunoma yikuphi, kepha isitshalo sizothuthukiswa futhi kuba nzima kakhulu ukunakekela isihlahla esinamandla endizeni eyodwa.

• Ukuphakama kwe-trellis enezindiza ezimbili ngokwesiko kungamamitha ayi-1.5-2, ububanzi phakathi kokwehla okungenani amamitha ayi-2,5.
• Amagilebhisi anolu hlobo lokusekelwa asikwa nge-fan ngokuhambisana nomthwalo we-varietal (kwenziwa kakhulu izihlahla eziphakathi nendawo).

Amagilebhisi ku-trellis enezindiza ezimbili - lokhu kungumthwalo ofanele futhi kunciphisa ukuqina kwamahlumela

Ukuthenwa kwamagilebhisi

Ukwakheka kwesihlahla sezithelo zomvini ku-gazebo kufaka i-cordon ethe mpo futhi kufanelekile kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo ezingambozi. Lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukunikeza isivuno esihle kuphela, njengakwezinye izindlela zokuthena izihlahla, kepha futhi sisebenza njengomhlobiso wesakhiwo (i-pergolas, i-arbor, awnings) kanye nesiza sonke. "Ingubo eluhlaza" yamagilebhisi ihlangana kahle futhi ivikela kokungakapheli. Ukusekelwa kwamahlumela kungaba yizindonga zensimbi eziqonde mpo noma imigoqo engaphezulu. Umthwalo owengeziwe ugcinwa ngocingo lwe-wire lapho umthwalo omkhulu uzovunwa (ihlathi elineminyaka engu-5-7 ubudala).

Ukusekelwa okuyinhloko kwamagilebhisi athela izithelo ku-gazebo uphahla lwesakhiwo

Ukuze usebenzise isihlalo kahle, ngenkathi ungashintshi umthwalo esihlahleni, sebenzisa i-vertical cordon noma fan yezingalo ezine. Ngokuvamile, ekutshaleni i-arched ne-gazebo, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe noma ezikhula ngokuqinile zeqhwa. Izitshalo zitshalwa ngokuzungeza udonga lwesekeli - enkabeni eyodwa isitshalo (fan) noma emakhoneni ohlangothini ngalunye (uhlangothi olune-tier multi-tier). Ukuncishiswa kwenziwa ngokuya ngesakhiwo esikhethiwe.

Lapho uthamela amagilebhisi e-gazebo, ungasebenzisa noma iyiphi indlela yokwakheka. Into esemqoka ukuthi amagilebhisi akufanele ahlupheke kusuka kuqhwa, khona-ke isilinganiso esisezingeni eliphansi nokwakhiwa kwe -onicon nganoma yikuphi okuhlukahlukene kuzokwenza. Noma fan - lamagilebhisi angavimbeli isithwathwa. Isiqu esifinyelela ku-60-80 cm ukuphakama kanye nokwakheka okunetiyingi elinamahlumela alengiswe mahhala kubukeka muhle kakhulu futhi kunesimanje, noma ngabe amagilebhisi akhula ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-gazebo.

Ividiyo: ukuthenwa kwamagilebhisi ku-gazebo ne-arch

Izihlahla zomvini

Ukusika amagilebhisi ukuze kukhule kabusha, shiya ihlumela elilodwa noma amabili ekukhuleni kokudubula okwenziwe ngesizini ezayo. Indlela le ifaneleka amahlumela waminyaka yonke: shiya u-cm cm wesiqu kanye namahlumela amabili, lapho umumo womuntu owenziwe ngabalandeli, wokuphamba wenziwa endaweni ephakeme ka-8-10 cm emhlabathini. Le nketho yokuthena ikuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule amandla emvini, ukushuba kwamahlumela kuphinde kusenze sitshalo esibuthakathaka.

Ividiyo: izihlahla zomvini ukuze zikhule kabusha

Ukusika amagilebhisi ku-cordon

Ngesikhathi sekwakhiwa i -onicon, amagilebhisi anesiqu esiphakeme ngo-80 kuya ku-150 cm kanye nemikhono eyodwa noma emibili etholakala endaweni efanayo noma eqonde eceleni elinye nelinye ekhoneni noma ngokufana komhlabathi ku-trellis eyodwa enophahla olulodwa. Ekuqothulweni ngakunye, kuvela amahlumela wezithelo (izingcezu ze-1-8). I-Colonon ingakhiwa ngama-multi-tiered noma yakhiwe emkhombeni owodwa.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwakheka kweCoronon:

1. I-Horizoning (ingaphezulu) yokhuni. Isitembu sinezindawo eziphakeme ezahlukahlukene, imivimbo engu (2 noma 4) zibekwa ngokuqondile ezinhlangothini ezihlukile (ezinhlangothi-zombili) noma ohlangothini olulodwa (olwe-multi-tiered). Izinhlobo ezinamandla zigawulwa emehlweni ayi-5-8, amagilebhisi wamandla aphakathi nendawo - Amehlo ama-3-4. Umcibisholo ngamunye wezithelo uqukethe izinso eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi.
   

   Nge -conon evundlile, ukuphakama kwesiqu kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-80 cm kuya ku-150 cm
2. I-cordon enezingqimba: Amahlumela amaningana wemivimbo emibili asikwa emehlo ama-4-6 bese elungiswe ngokuqondile; emva kwalokho amahlumela ama-2, 4 noma ama-6 alenga ngamahlumela athuthukisa.
   

   I-cordon enezimpawu zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakha amagilebhisi ezimboni.

3. Nge -onicon oblique, imivimbo yokuthambekela inesifiso esinqeni sika-45 °, kunconywa izinso ezi-4-6. Nge-oblique cordon, amahlumela we-tiered nawo awafakwa eceleni.
   

   I-oblique cordon, uma kunesidingo, ingakhiwa ngokuxhunywa okukodwa ukusindisa isikhala

Ividiyo: Amagilebhisi asikiwe kuCononing slanting

Indlela eyodwa yesikhwama yokwenza amagilebhisi

Lapho wenza umkhono owodwa, kusetshenziswa i-oblique noma i-oblique enezingqimba. Ekwindla yonyaka wokuqala, imivimbo engu mncane inciphisa kancane, kanti entwasahlobo ngonyaka wesibili bashiya ihlumela elilodwa. Kuphakanyiswa kuphela amahlumela amabili aphezulu kuwo - ihlumela lezithelo nefindo lokufaka esikhundleni salokho. Umvini uboshwe ngokuqondile.

Amagilebhisi esinqe esisodwa asindisa isikhala. Ukuhleleka kwesihlahla esinamandla ngokuxhamazela kukuvumela ukubeka izinhlobo eziningana zamagilebhisi etafuleni endaweni encane yensimu emseleni owodwa.

Ukwakheka komvini esikhwameni esisodwa kukuvumela ukubeka iziswebhu ngokucophelela

Ukwakheka kwesiqu eside sezithelo zomvini

Amagilebhisi omude omude atshalwa ku-trellis enamandla eyodwa-eyi-1.5- stem, esiqwini esisodwa esinokuphakama okungama-120-150 cm, kuyilapho ububanzi besiqu esifanele buphakeme okungenani ngu-10 mm. Ngalesi sakhiwo, amahlombe ngesamba esingu-2 kuya ku-6 abekwa ngokuqondile ku-wire ngaphandle kwe-garter. Amehlo ama-3-4 akhiwa ngemivimbo, kusala amahlumela ama-2 kuphela kwizigaxa zokufakwa esikhundleni. Ukukhula amahlumela kuncike ngokukhululeka.

Amagilebhisi esiqwini eside athatha isikhala esincane futhi anciphisa ukunakekelwa

Amagilebhisi akhula esiqwini eside kaningi emkhakheni we-viticulture ongachemile futhi abukeka njengamacompact.

Ividiyo: ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla samagilebhisi esiqwini esiphakeme

Ukwakhiwa kwamagilebhisi emhlabeni jikelele

Imigqa yamagilebhisi ngokwemithetho yokutshala ithunyelwa empumalanga naseningizimu mpumalanga. Izishayo zitholakala ukusuka enyakatho kuye eningizimu. Le nkomba yamukelekile ekwakhekeni kwe -onicon and fan. Amagilebhisi ku-gazebo kanye ne-arch futhi esiqwini esinde angaba neziswebhu ngokuqondisa okuhlongozwayo, kepha ukuze kube lula, imivini isakazeka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.

Ukwakhiwa kwamagilebhisi i-Four-Arm Fan

Izithombo ukusikwa ngonyaka wokuqala ukukhula reverse, ngonyaka olandelayo izonikeza amahlumela anamandla. Bazoba yisisekelo somuntu ophethe imikhono emibili ngonyaka wesibili. Yonke iminyaka eyalandela yakha isihlahla ngokuya ngezici zezinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo - kusuka kumikhono emi-4, 6 noma engu-8.

• Ekwindla yonyaka wesibili, imivimbo engu-2 enkabeni yesihlahla isikwa ibe ngu-30 cm (aze afike kwayi-4); emaphethelweni shiya imikhono emide - 40-60 cm (amehlo ayi-6-8).
• Intwasahlobo elandelayo, bonke kodwa laba abangaphezulu abampofu. Kuma-ocelli amabili asele, engenhla ihlumela lezithelo kanti eliphansi ifindo lokufakwa esikhundleni.

Amagilebhisi ahlomile amane ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila

Ukuthena ngakunye okwenziwa kwenziwa minyaka yonke.

Amagilebhisi akhiwa ngemikhono emine, iminyaka emithathu emva kokutshala

Uma ungashiyi ifindo lokufakwa esikhundleni, amehlo e-2 kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi abe kwizithombo - ukuthuthukiswa kwemivini yezithelo ezimbili ngeke kunikeze umthwalo owedlulele ngokwakhiwa okunjalo.

Ividiyo: fan-izingalo ezine zesihlahla somvini

Ungawavuselela kanjani amagilebhisi amadala

Amagilebhisi ase-perennial uvame ukuba nezimpande ezacile ezingakhiqizi futhi zingathambile kakhulu. Ukuze uvuselele amagilebhisi amadala, isiqu sisikwa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-35-50 ukuze sinciphise umthwalo futhi imikhono yesikhathi esizayo yakhiwa kusuka amahlumela amasha.

Uma kungenzeka ukushiya ihlumela lapho kuzokwakhelwa khona isixhumanisi sezithelo - khetha isiswebhu esingabi sikhulu kuno-59mm, ama-buds ama-3-4 kanye nefindo lokufaka esikhundleni sishiywe kuso. Ngonyaka wokuqala, umthwalo esihlahleni esidala wehliswa ngo-40-50%, ngonyaka olandelayo ulethwa ufike kuma-70%. Ngonyaka wesithathu kuphela kwakhiwa isihlahla esigcwele futhi umthwalo ojwayelekile wezinhlobonhlobo ubuyiselwe.

Ngokuvuselelwa ngokuphelele - izihlahla ezinekhanda elimnyama - umthambo wesihlahla uvuselelwa ngenxa yokuqhuma kwamahlumela ezivinini ezimpande noma ezikhuluphele kwabomisiwe. Uma uhlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle lukhona, lokhu kwenziwa eminyakeni engama-2-3, ikakhulukazi ngokushesha lapho isihlahla sakhiwa kusetshenziswa ama-stepons.

K.V.Smirnov//www.nnre.ru/biohimija/vinogradarstvo_pod_red_k_v_smirnova/p7.php

Ukuvuselelwa kwamagilebhisi ukususwa okunonya kwama-90% amahlumela

Amagilebhisi ekhala: okufanele ukwenze

Ukhula imivini - inqubo yemvelo yesihlahla somvini, engadingi ukuthi kwenziwe okuthile ngakwelusi womvini. Ngalesi sikhathi, feza ngokunisela kokushaja kokushaja kwamanzi ngesilinganiso esilinganiselayo (amalitha ayi-15 ukuya kwangu-30 ngesihlahla seminyaka emithathu noma emihlanu).

Ukukhala kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo kubonisa ubusika obuphumelelayo bemvini. Le nqubo isho ukuthi lesi sitshalo sesishonile futhi ukuphuma kwemvelo kususa kuqala, maduze ukuqhuma kuhlume kuqhume iziqalo zamapheshana kanye namahlumela - konke kuzoma. "Ukukhala" kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-30 kuye kwangama-50 (kwesinye isikhathi kuze kuvele amaqabunga ama-2-4). Ukukhiqizwa kwejusi okuningana kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwenqubo ekhulayo, lapho izinga lokushisa eliqubukayo likhuphukela ku +7 +9 ^°C ngomswakama owanele. Ukukhala kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezakhamzimba noketshezi (kuze kufike kumalitha ayi-15), isitshalo ngalesi sikhathi sibuthakathaka.

Ukugcwala okuningana kwejusi kukhombisa izinqubo zokuphila ezisebenzayo zesitshalo

Inqubo yokulila yomvini ayinangozi kulesi simila:

1. Uma yonke imithetho yokuthena ilandelwa (bheka ngenhla).
2. Ukususa imivimbo engu-4, kukhethiwe ithuluzi eliphezulu.
3. Isikhathi sokuvunwa siyahlonishwa.
4. Ngemuva kokulungisa, akubanga khona ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa.

Uma "ukukhala" kwenzeka isikhathi eside emvinini iningi, kufanele:

• phatha isitshalo ngesikhunta;
• amboze izingcezu ngevarnish yengadi;
• ukukhonkotha isiswebhu ngentambo yokudoba noma ucingo.

Lapho ungakwazi ukusika amagilebhisi

Amandla wokukhula nezithelo zomvini ngokuzayo kuya ngokuhambisana nesikhathi sokuthenwa. Akunconywa ukusika amahlumela wanoma yimuphi unyaka:

• phezu kokuvela kwesithwathwa sokuqala isikhathi eside ekwindla;
• ngokuqala kokuhluma okusebenzayo entwasahlobo.

Ukuze ungalahli isihlahla samagilebhisi, lapho uthamba, kufanele ulandele imithetho futhi ungawunaki ukunqatshelwa

Ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla, izithombo ezincane azigawulwa (ngaphandle kokukhula okubuyela emuva). Ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomswakama kanye nomswakama kuze kube kuphela isikhathi sokukhula kungadala ukufa kwesitshalo.

Ukuthenwa kwamagilebhisi ezifundeni

Izici zesimo sezulu kanye nesimo sezulu lesitshalo kuthinta ngokungagcwele isikhathi sokuthenwa kanye nokwakheka kwesihlahla.

Izihlahla zomvini eBelarus

Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba noma ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, isivini sithathwa ngokuthuthwa kwendle. Ekugcineni, abalimi baseBelarus bakha isihlahla maphakathi no-Novemba, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi izinsuku eziyi-10-15 ngaphambi kwesithwathwa seqhwa. Entwasahlobo yokuqala (ngoMashi), izihlahla zokulungisa umvini ziyenziwa. Izinhlobo ezingasimbozi isembozo zivame ukusikwa kuphela entwasahlobo ngemuva kokuba iqhwa liwile, kepha amahlumela alele.

EBelarus, umvini wakhiwa esiqwini futhi ngaphandle, ngesifu, unqunywe ku-cordon. Amakamelo okudlela aqine ebusika nezinhlobo zobuchwepheshe kuma-arches nama-gazebos ebusika kahle.

Ukuthenwa kwamagilebhisi eSiberia

Isimo sezulu esenyakatho nesizini esanda kukhula siphoqa abatshali bewayini ukwenza izihlahla ezinzima, kanti kuphela ekwindla. Ukuthena kwentwasahlobo akwamukeleki, njengoba umvini uvulwa kancane kancane. ESiberia, isithwathwa esingalindelekile kungenzeka ukuthi kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, noma yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zizofa ngaphansi kwamaconsi anjalo. Ngakho-ke, izinqubo zezimila nokukhula okusebenzayo ziqala ngemivimbo yamagilebhisi ngaphambi kokuba zikhululwe ngokuphelele ekufakweni futhi zigcinwe kusekela. Ngalesi sikhathi, isihlahla somvini kufanele sakhiwe ekugcineni.

Lapha, ukwakheka kwabalandeli kwimikhono emibili (kulula ukuyimboza ebusika) noma ngemivimbo emine kanye nentambo (oblique and evundlile) kungcono.

Ukwakheka okwenziwe ngabalandeli kwenza lula ukulungiswa kwesihlahla sasebusika nokushisa kwaso

Izihlahla zomvini kuKuban

Ensimini yeKrasnodar Territory, zonke izinhlobo zokuqamba nokubumba okubhalwe ngenhla ziyamukeleka. Umvini uthela izithelo kahle futhi ubekezelela ubusika ku-arch ne-gazebo, i-cordon kanye nokwakheka kwabalandeli kukhombisa umphumela omuhle ekuvezweni kwamahlumela.

Isimo sezulu eseningizimu sibiza ukungagijimeli ukuthena ekwindla, futhi siphuthume kwakha izihlahla entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza. Ku-zone ye-viticulture engafakwanga, izihlahla nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kusuka ekuqaleni kwamaqabunga ziwela kwisithwathwa esinzima - kusuka eshumini sokuqala sikaNovemba kuya maphakathi noDisemba.

Uma isimo sezulu sehluleka eningizimu yeRussia, amagilebhisi asikwa ngaphambi kokuphela kukaDisemba

Kwesinye isikhathi ekwindla kwenziwa kuphela izihlahla zokuhlanzeka, ekugcineni isihlahla sakhiwa ngoMashi, kodwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza okusebenzayo (ngaphambi kokukhala "komvini). Izinhlobo zethebula nezobuchwepheshe ezivuthiwe, lapho isizini yokukhula ziqala khona ekuqaleni (ngokufudumala kokuqala), zisikwa kuphela ekwindla, ngenkathi zisakha imivimbo kusixhumanisi sesithelo.

Ukubuyekezwa

Ukwakheka kwe-gazebo kufana kakhulu nentambo evundlile. Umehluko ekuphakameni kwesiqu. Ihlombe lakheka ngokubona kwakho. Kuyadingeka ukuthi okuluhlaza okuphezulu kutholakale ngaphezulu - vumela ucingo lokuqala luvele emhlabathini ngamamitha ayi-1-1,5. Uma kudingekile, kubeke kude kwe-40 cm. Ngokulandelayo, imikhono yakhiwa yizinso zonke eziphakeme. Lokho wukuthi, 1,3,5,7,9 ... ke nakho konke futhi. Nazi nje ukutshala kungadluli izinso ezi-3. Futhi imicibisholo ayinciphi uma udinga i-canopy.

Belikova Galina//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=32&sid=0bf96864ad40f05cfecd14b05aa76d8b

Njengoba sazi, kunezindlela ezingaphezu kwama-20. Ngokombono wami, i-coron enezingqimba ingenye yempumelelo kakhulu namuhla. Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukufihla izihlahla ebusika. Okwesibili, kufanelekile ukufeza ukucubungula, indlela efanelekile emithini. Okwesithathu, ithemba lokukhulisa isivuno esikhulu (esingamesabi igama). Ngizosiza ekuqondeni lokhu kwakhiwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, tshala isihlahla futhi wakhe i-trellis eyodwa-endizeni (okokuqala, cabanga ngale ndlela). Kwabanye abathengisa iwayini, kulula kakhulu ukutshala isihlahla ngaphandle komsele, ukutshala isihlahla ebusweni bomhlaba nokwenza umbuthano oseduze. Kulesi simo, ucingo lokuqala ku-trellis lufinyelela cishe ngamasentimitha angama-40 ngaphezulu komhlaba, owesibili nawo acishe abe ngu-40 cm ukusuka kucingo lokuqala, owesithathu acishe afane. Okokugcina kufanele kuhambisane namandla akho, ngamanye amagama, kufanele kubekwe ngendlela yokuthi ungakwazi ukunamathisela ihlumela kuyo ngezingalo ezeluliwe. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, kufanele sibe namahlombe ama-2 nemikhono emi-5 ehlombe ngalinye lesizini.

Svetlana//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=16011&sid=0bf96864ad40f05cfecd14b05aa76d8b

Kokuphindaphindwa kwethu kwasenyakatho, akufanele ukhethe - izinhlobo eziningi zikhula eduze kwezindonga, futhi ungamboza kuphela ifeni ebusika. Udonga lusuka entshonalanga luye empumalanga, umvini ungamamitha ayi-2-3, ngiwugawulele ama-8-10 buds, umlandeli ukhula ngendlela ejwayelekile, futhi endaweni evulekile kuphela ama-buds okulala avuka abesebala, yize umvini uvuthwe ngamamitha ayi-2 ngalowo nyaka. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha uthango nge-canopy, amagilebhisi avela emoyeni osenyakatho azovalwa kubo, ngithemba ukuthi lokhu kuyasiza.

IVladimir 2//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=747&start=10

Kuyadingeka ukugcoba ukusikeka ngesikhathi sokulungisa lapho sewomile, futhi kungcono ukusebenzisa i-runnet - umswakama awuhlali ngaphansi kwawo. Uma u-smear ne-var, khona-ke kuncibilika kuphela, njengokungathi ukufaka imibala izinkuni ezisikiwe, futhi lokhu kufanele kuphindwe, ngoba ukusikwa kuzophuka. I-Cold var lap ingumthombo wokufa kwezifo zamagxolo nezikhunta. Into esemqoka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ijusi lamagilebhisi alitholi ezinso. Kukhona ushukela omningi kuyo, futhi ngemuva kokuthi "ukucubungula" okunjalo izinso kungenzeka zingavuli. Izingxenye ziqondiswa ukuze zigeleze zidlule noma ngokushesha zingene emhlabathini.

Tatyana//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-93.html

Amancanyana ayancishiswa futhi agugile, imivimbo eyomile yamagilebhisi inqunywa njalo ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Okungcono kakhulu ukwenza lokhu, umlimi ngamunye uzinqumela, ebheka izici zezinhlobonhlobo, amandla okukhula wesitshalo nezici zezulu. Uma amagilebhisi ekhula engadini yakho yengadi, kusho ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzodingeka ukwazi kahle ubuqili bokuthena lesi sitshalo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuthinta isivuno nokunambitheka kwamajikijolo womabili amagilebhisi obuchwepheshe nawama-dessert anoma yimiphi iminyaka. Inqubo yokuthena amagilebhisi ngeke ibe nzima, kunalokho, iyoba inqubo ehehayo, isikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamafomu ezinhlobo nezinhlobo ze-trellis.