Ama-daffodils aphakathi kwezimbali zokuqala eziqhakaza entwasahlobo. Ama-buds aqashelwayo, anama-petals ayi-6 anomqhele oyindilinga enkabeni, ahlobisa iziza eziningi zensimu, ejabulisa wonke umuntu ngephunga elimnandi nobuhle obuhle. Azibambeki ngokuphelele futhi ezimweni zasemgwaqweni azidingi ukumbiwa konyaka noma ukulungiswa okukhethekile. Ukutshala lezi zimbali embizeni kuzohlobisa noma iyiphi indlu noma efulethini, futhi kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole isimbali esinephunga elimnandi hhayi kuphela entwasahlobo, kodwa futhi kwenye inkathi yonyaka.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zobumba beDaffodil
Uhlobo lwe-daffodils lingelomndeni wakwa-Amaryllis futhi lunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-30 ezahlukahlukene. Abanye babo bazivumelanisa nezimo zamakamelo kangcono kunabanye. Okulandelayo kubhekwe ethandwa kakhulu:
- IPhepha-like (Papyraceus) linezimbali ezimhlophe ezingaba ngu-11 ezinobubanzi obuyi-3 cm ngayinye. Aqoqwe ku-peduncle eyodwa, ekhula ibe yi-30-45 cm ubude.Lokhu kuphela kwezinhlobonhlobo ezingadingi ukwelashwa okubandayo, bese kuxoshwa amahlumela egumbini ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-6.
- I-Ziva (Ziva) enezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ezingatholakala izingcezu eziyi-10 esiqwini esisodwa. Ukuphakama kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, kufinyelela ku-15 ukuya ku-35 cm kuhlobo oluncane lwePhalewhite, kanye nama-50 cm eNarcissus tazetta.
- I-Magnet (Magnet) inezimbali ezinkulu ezizodwa eziyi-12-14 cm ngayinye enomqhele ophuzi futhi amacembe aqhakaza aze afike emaphethelweni. Ikhula ngobude ibe ngu-40-50 cm, futhi ilungele ukukhula emigqonyeni ngesikhathi sokubandakulwa kokubandayo kokuqala.
- I-Avalanche (Avalanche) igeleza ngokweqile, okungukuthi, ifinyelela kuma-buds ayi-10 ahlelwe ngokulandelana kwesinye isiqu. I-rosette yabo iyigolide, kanti amacembe amhlophe. Ukuphakama kwe-Peduncle kufinyelela ku-30-45 cm.
- NgoFebhuwari igolide (igolide le-Ferbruary) lihlukaniswa izimbali eziphuzi ngu-7.5 cm ubukhulu, okugxunyekwe kuzo kungu-30 cm ubude.
- I-Snowball ikhula ngo-43 cm ukuphakama. I-perianth ephakathi ne-perianth yombala omhlophe yenza ihlumela elingamasentimitha ayi 8. Emvelweni wemvelo, kuvela izimbali ngoMeyi.
Ama-Florists abuye ahlukanise izinhlobo zeGeranium, Verger, Erlichir nezinye ezifanele amafulethi. Zingadwetshwa ngokuhlanganiswa okuhlukile kokumhlophe, okuphuzi noma kwe-beige, kube nomongo ojwayelekile noma othosiwe, inani elihlukile le-perianth petals.
Ukukhetha kwe-Bulb
Ukuthola izimbali ezinhle ezinempilo, kufanelekile ukunakekela ukukhetha kwezinto ezibonakalayo zokutshala. Imbewu ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa kulokhu, kepha inqubo yokukhula yinde kakhulu futhi ibe nzima. Esikhathini esiningi, ama-bulbs athathwa ngalezi zinhloso, ahlukanisa izingane no-anyanisi bomama. Lapho uthenga kubo abavela eceleni, kudingeka unake lezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- impahla enkudlwana izonikeza amahlumela aqine kakhulu;
- izimpande ezingathinteki kuzoqinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo kwezitshalo;
- Izindawo ezithambile nezibolile zingakhombisa ubukhona besifo noma isitoreji esingafanele;
- amabala nomonakalo kubangela ukuphindaphindeka kwezinambuzane ezinamandla.
Ama-bulb athengiwe isikhathi eside akufanele agcinwe isikhathi eside futhi kungcono ukuwatshala ezitsheni ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma kunesidingo, angabekwa endaweni emnyama, eyomile neyomoya omncane isikhashana. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunengozi yokutheleleka ngefungus noma ukhula lwenqubo ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Isitsha sokutshala
Izimpande ze-daffodil zidinga indawo yokuzala nokukhula, ngakho-ke amabhodwe noma iziqukathi zidinga okungenani 15 cm cm ububanzi nama-30-35 cm ukuphakama. Ezinhlotsheni ezincane ezikhula zingabi ngaphezu kwama-15 cm, ungathatha iziqukathi ezincane, kodwa nokho ube nokujula okwaneleko kokufaka umila. Awukwazi ukukusebenzisa ngaphezulu kulolu daba, ngoba isikhala esiningi singalimaza isitshalo, sibambezele ukuqhakaza kwayo. Isitsha singaba nge-ceramic noma ingilazi, amabhokisi enkuni nawo afanelekile. Ukudonsa okugunyaziwe ezansi ukususa umswakama ngokweqile, kuzovikela u-anyanisi ukubola.
Inhlabathi edingekayo
Inhlabathi yokutshala nokutshala ingatshalwa esakhiweni segadi noma ithengwe esitolo. Kufanele ithambe, idilike ezandleni zakho hhayi ukunamathela ndawonye kuma-clacs. Kungcono ukucwilisa umhlaba ojwayelekile nesihlabathi noma ngodaka owomile, engeza i-sawdust, umlotha wezinkuni kanye nomanyolo wezimbiwa. Lokhu kuzokwenza ikhulule, kunikeze ukujikeleza komoya futhi kuyicebise ngezinto ezengeziwe.
Abanye abantu basebenzisa amasu athile ukuthola izimbali ngokushesha, ngokwesibonelo, ukuze ukwazi ukunika isidlo seholide. Ukuze wenze lokhu, batshalwe endaweni yamatshe amancanyana noma amancanyana, futhi baniselwa kakhulu. I-anyanisi inezakhi ezanele zokukhulisa imbali ngokuphelele.
Izimo zokukhulisa i-daffodil ebhodweni
Lesi sitshalo singenye kokungathembeki kakhulu kokuqukethwe. Kodwa ukuze uthole ama-buds amahle futhi anamakha, kufanele anikeze indawo esondele emvelweni ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulungisa izinkomba zokushisa, ukukhanya kwegumbi kanye nomswakama okulo.
| I-Factor | Izimo |
| Indawo / Isibani | Udinga ukukhetha indawo kude nezitshalo ezingenakukholwa, ezingalimazwa ubuthi obutholwe yi-daffodil. Kufanele kube nokushiswa yilanga noma okufushane kancane, okuzohlinzeka ngezimbali eziningi futhi ezinde. Kodwa ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kugwenywa kangcono ukuvikela ukushiswa. |
| Ukushisa | Ngemuva kokutshala, ukwelashwa okubandayo kuyadingeka ku + 3 ... +9 ° C, ezinsukwini zokuqala zokushintshwa kombungu futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwezimbali kuba cishe + 10 ... +12 ° C, futhi phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula sonke lesi sikhathi akukona okuphakeme kuno- + 15 ... +18 ° C. |
| Umswakama | Ukukhula okugcwele nokukhula okungaphansi kwama-70%, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuqunjelwa insalela. Ama-radiator afudumele omisa umoya, ngakho-ke isitshalo kufanele sisuswe kude nawo, bese kubekwa isitsha esigcwaliswe ngamanzi eduze. |
Ukutshala i-daffodil egumbini
Ukutshala ama-bulb egumbini kuhlukile kancane emgaqweni. Ikakhulu, bazodinga ukwelashwa okubandayo kanye ne-ziphuzo zazihluzo sendawo endaweni eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile.
Isikhathi sokufika
Ungatshala ama-daffodils enhlabathini nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kodwa amaningi afuna ukuthola ukuqhakaza ngosuku oluthile olunesizotha. Imvamisa yenziwa ngamagama anjengalawa:
- ukutshala kungakapheli maphakathi nekwindla kukuvumela ukuthi uthole isixha sonyaka omusha;
- anyanisi osuswe ngoDisemba-Januwari uzonikeza izimbali ezinsukwini zokuqala zasentwasahlobo;
- Ukufika ngasekupheleni kukaMashi kuzohlinzeka ngeziqu zezimbali ngamaholide kaMeyi.
Ngokucacile, izinsuku zinqunywa yincazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, ngayinye enezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zokuvela kwezithombo.
Inqubo yokutshala i-daffodil ebhodweni
Lapho utshala u-anyanisi enhlabathini, kufanele ulandele inkambo yesinyathelo nesinyathelo somsebenzi:
- Esitsheni esikhethiwe, beka drainage enezinsuku ezingama-2-3 zamatshe abhobozekile, amatshe amatshe noma ubumba olwandisiwe. Inikeza ukuphuma kwamanzi ngokweqile kanye nomoya-mpilo wokufinyelela ezimpandeni. Ukusuka ngenhla, uthele i-substrate cishe kuze kube semaphethelweni ebhodwe.
- Faka u-anyanisi kuyo, ucindezela impande phansi, ushiye ibanga phakathi kwabo. Ingxenye engenhla ngayinye kufanele iphume emhlabathini okungenani ingxenye yesithathu. Kwisitsha esine-9 cm ubukhulu, kuthathwa ama-anyanisi ama-3 ka-1 cm.
- Thela inhlabathi ngenani elincane lamanzi, okungafanele awele kuma-rhizomes. Ngaphezulu, ungafaka umhlabathi ngensimbi yamaqabunga noma sawdust. Ngaphambi kokuvela kwezithombo, kufanele kufakwe njalo, kuvimbele ukoma kwazo.
- Ngemuva kokutshala, faka amabhodwe endaweni emnyama, eyomile endaweni yokushisa ye-3 ... +9 ° C. Uma kunesidingo, isembozo singambozwa. Ubunzima obunjalo abudingekayo kuphela ezinhlotsheni zePhepha-neZiva, ezingashiywa ngqo egumbini.
- Ngemuva kokuhluma kwamahlumela ngokuphakama okungama-5-7 cm, hhayi ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyi-1-3, adinga ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezifudumele. Ngaso leso sikhathi, zibeke egumbini elikhanyiselwe ukukhanya ku-1010 C ngezinsuku zokuqala ezingama-2-3, khona-ke ungakhetha indawo ekhanyayo njalo ngo-15 + + 18 ° C.
Uma kwenziwa kahle, ama-peduncle okuqala avela ezinyangeni ezi-1-1,5. Isikhathi sezimbali esinembe ngokwengeziwe singanqunywa ngokwazi izinhlobo zezimbali ezitshaliwe.
Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Daffodil Ukunakekelwa
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kuhlanganisa ukuthambisa ejwayelekile, ukufaka umanyolo izitshalo nokunisela izihlahla ezomile. Kufanele ziniselwe ngamanzi axazululiwe futhi emaphethelweni wezinto ezifakayo noma epallet. Imvamisa oyidingayo ihlukile esigabeni ngasinye sokukhula:
- okokuqala, inhlabathi kumele inyuswe ngokushesha emva kokutshala;
- uthele amanzi amahlandla ama-2 ngenyanga ngesikhathi sokukhula kwe-rooting;
- ngemuva kokudlulisela amabhodwe ekushiseni, qiniseka ukuthi umhlaba awume;
- ngesikhathi sezimbali, kukhuphuka umswakama emoyeni nasenhlabathini kuyadingeka;
- ngokuphuzi ngokuphelele kwamaqabunga, udinga ukuyeka ukuthambisa.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kokubukeka kwamahlumela kuya kwezimbali, ama-daffodils adinga ukondliwa ngamanyolo aqukethe i-phosphorus, potassium ne-nitrogen. Kufanelekile ukukhetha ngokucophelela isikhathi nenani lokugqoka, ukuze ungalimazi izimbali:
- Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokukhula, lapho kuvela izithombo, sebenzisa ukwakheka koketshezi noma okuncibilikiswa amanzi.
- Ngemuva kwalokho mulch ingaphezulu, ubeka phezu kwawo ungqimba obukhulu beqabunga noma umquba.
- Okwesibili kokufakwa umanyolo lapho kwenziwa i-buds kuvela ama-peduncle futhi inqubo iphindwa njalo emavikini ama-2 ngaphambi kokuba aqhume.
- Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, faka isidlo sethambo noma izinto ezigobolondo enhlabathini, okuzovumela izithombo ukuthi zitholakale ngonyaka wesibili.
Ukuze inkathi yezimbali ihlale isikhathi eside, kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvula ama-buds, kuyadingeka ukuthi kunikeze ukuphola ebangeni lokushisa + 10 ... +12 ° C.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Daffodil ngemuva kwezimbali
Lapho ama-daffodil esenciphile, izimbali ezinwebayo ziyagawulwa bese isiqu esiluhlaza sishiywe singakaze sitshelwe. Ubuningi bokunisela buyancishiswa, bese kungeniswa umanyolo obamba kancane enhlabathini, ozongenwa kuze kube yisizini entsha yokukhula. Amaqabunga kanye nama-peduncle angadulwa ngaphansi kwempande kuphela ngemuva kokuba ephendukile futhi ekugcineni omile. Sebenzisa ngesikere esihlanzekile noma ngommese.
Uma ama-bulb engakhuliwanga, isitsha esinaso sihlelwe kabusha endaweni epholile ebumnyameni. Izinto eziqoqiwe zibekwa emasakeni endwangu noma ephepheni. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ingatshalwa kuphela endaweni evulekile, futhi ngamakamelo kufanelekile ukuthatha izingane zihambe.
Kufanelekile futhi ukusula u-anyanisi owolile nowonakele, ubalahle ngokushesha. Futhi okunye kufanele kunikeze igumbi lokugcina elomile nelimnyama. Izimbali eziqhamukayo ezisuka ku-bulb eyodwa zingakhula zibe zikhathi ezi-3, futhi ekusakazeni okuqhubekayo kungcono ukusebenzisa izingane zazo.
UMnu Dachnik uxwayisa: izifo nezinambuzane zama-daffodils
Lapho ukhula izimbali ungabhekana nezinkinga eziningi. Phakathi kwazo, ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukutheleleka kweFusarium kwenzeka lapho kuthambisa kakhulu, umanyolo omningi we-ammonia, kanye nokugcina u-anyanisi ufudumele futhi umanzi. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, kudingeka aqinisekise ukuthi asilondolozwa kahle futhi asiphathe ngama-fungicides ngaphambi kokudilizwa. Lapho kukhona izifo, izitshalo kanye namahlamvu kuyaliwa futhi kubhujiswe.
- Impukane enkulu i-daffodil ibeka amaqanda ezimpandeni. Kulezi, kuvela izibungu, zidla inyama ka-anyanisi futhi ziholele ekubolweni kwazo. Ukuyikhomba, udinga ukucindezela umgogodla, akufanele ucindezelwe phezulu. Izinto ezingcolisiwe kufanele ziphathwe nge-karbofos noma zibanjelwe amahora ambalwa epanini elinamanzi ashisayo, zigcina izinga lokushisa kulo lingaphakeme kuno-+43 ° C.
- Ama-aphid ama-bulbous avela ngaphansi kwesikali esomile futhi adla ngamajusi we-rhizome. Lokhu kuyasithambisa, kwenze ukuthi lesi sitshalo sivilaphake, sithambise izimbali. Ukuze kuqedwe amagciwane, kudingeka ukwelashwa okushisa emanzini ashisayo, njengoba kunjalo nangempukane.
- I-Grey rot (botritiosis) ithinta amaqabunga, ishiye amabala esiliva kanye ansundu kuwo, bese ingena kuma-rhizomes. Izinhlayiya zesikhunta zikhula lapho umoya uswakanyisiwe. Ukulwa izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga, izindawo ezinegciwane zifafazwa nge-Bordeaux liquid 1-1.5%, isisombululo se-Captan 0.5% noma ingxube ye-iron-insipho (2 g ye-sulfate yethusi ne-20 g yensipho eluhlaza). Izimpande ziphathwa nge-foundationazole u-0,2%.
- I-anyanisi tick ihlala emhlabathini bese ingena isibani ngomonakalo. Ukukhula kwezitshalo kuyamiswa, izimbali namaqabunga abune. I-anyanisi eyonakalisiwe kufanele isuswe, enempilo kufanele iphathwe ngokushisa.
- Ama-Nematode adla ngama-juices amaqabunga kanye nama-peduncle, awo adlulela kuma-rhizomes. Balwa nayo ngokwelashwa okushisa ngamanzi + 40 ... +50 ° C, lapho impahla ibhajiswa khona isikhashana.
Ukutheleleka kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yenhlabathi engasasebenzi kahle eqoqwe engadini. Kulokhu, ukuphathwa kokuhlanzeka kwengxenye engezansi kuyadingeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuvinjelweni kwezifo zama-daffodils, imithetho elandelayo kufanele ilandelwe:
- khululeka umhlabathi bese ususa amaqabunga omile nalawo angena ngesikhathi;
- vimbela ukufaka amanzi kwenhlabathi ngokwakha imisele nangokunisela ngokulinganayo;
- dala izimo ezifanele zokutshala impahla, uyigcine kumazinga okushisa angeqi ku-1010 C.
Uma konke lokhu kubhekwa, izinkinga eziningi ngama-daffodils ezikhulayo zingagwenywa. Futhi-ke i-windowsill eziqhakazayo izothokozisa iso ngaphezu kosuku olulodwa.
