Izifo ze-Strawberry Nezinambuzane: Izinkinga Ezingaba khona, Izindlela Zokulawula Nezokuvimbela

Ama-Strawberry noma ama-sitrobheli angenye yamajikijolo athandwa kakhulu ezakhiweni zasengadini zabalimi baseRussia. Abafuyi bahlinzele izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okuhle, ukukhiqiza, ukubekezelela ukubanda, kepha akukho neyodwa yazo evikela izifo eziningi ezijwayelekile zesiko. Bathanda ama-sitrobheli nezinambuzane, ezikwazi ukudambisa umlimi engxenyeni ebalulekile noma isivuno sonke. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungayibona kanjani inkinga, ubhekane nayo nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuvimbela.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngama-sitrobheli akhula

Izifo zama-sitrobheli kanye nokulimazeka kwezinambuzane zawo kuboniswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Isimpawu esifanayo singakhombisa izinkinga ezihluke ngokuphelele. Isibonakaliso sokuqala esishaqisayo inguquko ekubukekeni kwezitshalo. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kungenxa yamaphutha athile ekunakekelweni, futhi isimo sivamile lapho zilungiswa. Kepha kungahle kube nezinye izizathu. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukugaya owomile amajikijolo. Imvamisa lokhu kubangelwa ukushisa okukhulu nokungabikhona kwezulu isikhathi eside. I-Strawberry yisiko elithanda umswakama, ukuthambisa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukuntuleka kwezithelo. Lokhu kungakhombisa ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zingezesigaba "sokukhubazeka", ama-ovari ezithelo emasimini anjalo awekho ngokomthetho (aziqhakaze nakancane noma zakha izimbali ezingenalutho nje). Ezinye izimbangela kungenzeka ukuthi zindala noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izitshalo ezintsha, ukushoda kukamanyolo, ukuqandelwa kwezihlahla (ikakhulukazi hhayi izinhlobo zobusika eziqinile). Uma amaqanda avela, kodwa omile futhi ewa, imbangela ebangelwe kakhulu ukubonakala kwesibhungane.
• Ukukhiqiza okuphansi, amajikijolo amancane. Ngokunokwenzeka, lokhu kungenxa yobukhona bezinkinga zokuvunda impova, ikakhulukazi uma ama-sitrobheli ekhulile endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Izinyosi nama-bumblebees azisebenzi kakhulu esimweni sezulu esipholile.
• Amacembe aphuzi. Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Izitshalo ezivame kakhulu ukutshala izitshalo elangeni ngqo (zishisa amaqabunga), i-acidic substrate, ukuntuleka komswakama, ukushoda kwezakhi zomzimba - i-magnesium (amaqabunga ambozwe izindawo ezincane eziphuzi), i-nitrogen (thola i-tint ye-lime-ophuzi), i-iron (jika ophuzi phakathi kwemithambo) . Kungabuye kuhlotshaniswe nokubonakala kwezinambuzane ezidla kumajusi wezitshalo - ama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-weevils.
• Amacembe aqhakaza. Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nekwindla, lokhu kungokwemvelo. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, umthunzi onjalo ongewona owemvelo ungabangelwa ukushoda kwe-potassium noma ukuqina ngokweqile kokutshala.
• Amacembe omayo. Ngokuvamile, imbangela izifo ezahlukahlukene fungal (noma yikuphi amabala, blight sekwephuzile) noma ukubukeka kwezinambuzane (i-whitefly, ibhungane leqabunga le-sitrobheli). Ekushiseni okukhulu, amaqabunga ayoma ngenxa yokushoda komswakama.
• Amacembe ama-curling amasha. Lolu phawu lubonakala uma umkhaza we-sitrobheli uhlasela ukutshala.
• Izithelo eziguquliwe. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuntuleka kwe-boron. Futhi, lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi izitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza wangena ngaphansi kwamaqhwa okubuya kwentwasahlobo - isithako sihlupheka ngenxa yazo.

Igalari yezithombe: Izimpawu ezinesifo sezifo ezijwayelekile nezinambuzane ezijwayelekile zokunamathela

Izifo-ezejwayelekile izifo kanye nezindlela zokuzilawula

Izifo eziningi ezithinta ama-sitrobheli zibangelwa isikhunta. Kunama-virus ayingozi kulesi sitshalo (indawo ebonakalayo, "umshanelo womthakathi" nokunye). Akunakwenzeka ukubhekana nezindlela zakamuva zesimanje. Izitshalo ezithintekile zingagaywa kuphela kusuka emibhedeni bese zishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kuqedwe umthombo wokutheleleka.

Ukubola okumhlophe

Kuvela amabala akhanyayo ngamaqabunga nezithelo. Kancane kancane, lezi zicubu ziyoma (uma umgwaqo ushisa) noma ubola (esimweni sezulu esina, nesinethayo). Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, izithelo namaqabunga ambozwe ungqimba obukhulu bokunamathela okumhlophe, olufana noboya bekotini. Awungeke udle sitrobheli esinjalo. Ngokuvamile, ama-sitrobheli akhule endaweni evulekile ahlushwa ukhunta. Ingozi incishiswa kakhulu uma itshalwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa, emibhedeni mpo, kwifilimu emnyama.

Ukubola okumhlophe akuvamile kuthinte ama-sitrobheli akhula endaweni ebamba ukushisa, kanye nasemibhedeni emi mpo

Ukulwa nokubola okumhlophe, basebenzisa iDerozal, Horus, Bayleton noma Shintsha. Inani lezindlela zokwelapha nobuningi bazo - ngokuhambisana nemiyalo yomenzi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yimaphi amakhemikhali kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuzala futhi okungenani izinsuku eziyi-15 ngaphambi kwawo. Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu enkambisweni yezimbali.

Ukuvimbela ukubola okumhlophe phakathi kwemigqa yama-sitrobheli, ugarliki noma u-anyanisi kutyalwe. Njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-8-10, amatshiza afafazwa ngokufakwa kwe-mustard powder, i-pepper ebomvu yomhlabathi. Inhlabathi engadini ifafazwa ngomlotha wezinkuni ohlafunwayo. Uma amahlahla amaningi esivandeni athinteka ukhunta kulo nyaka, emavikini angama-2-3 emva kokuvunwa, izitshalo nenhlabathi kufanele kufafazwe nganoma yimaphi amalungiselelo anconyiwe.

Ukubola okumpunga

Izithelo zimbozwe ungqimba obukhulu bumbala onsundu "fluffy". Uma ubathinta, amafu “othuli” lombala ofanayo akhuphukela emoyeni. Lesi sifo sisakazeka ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ngokuxhumana ngqo kwezithelo ezigulayo ezinempilo. Uma kungenziwa lutho, isikhunta singabhubhisa ama-50-90% wesilimo esiphelele. Izinhlobo zokuqala ezivuthiwe ze-sitrobheli azihlaselwa kalula ukubola grey, ikakhulukazi i-Ruby Pendant, i-Novelty, i-Friendship, i-Pocahontas. Ukushoda okukhanyayo, ukutshala okuminyene, umswakama omningi womoya, kanye ne-nitrogen ethe xaxa emhlabathini kufaka isandla ekukhuleni kwayo.

I-Strawberry grey rot isakazeka isuka kumajikijolo anezifo iye ezinempilo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ngokuvimbela, ngaphambi nje kokuqhakaza, ama-sitrobheni aphathwa ngokufakwa kwe-anyanisi noma abacibisheli be-garlic, i-XOM, iTiram, amalungiselelo we-Figon. Inisele kusukela lapho amahlumela avela kuphela empandeni, inhlabathi kumele ifakwe emanzini ukuze amajikijolo angathinti emhlabathini.

Ukuze ubhekane nalokhu ukhunta, udinga ukususa njalo amajikijolo athintekile futhi unciphise okutshalekile. Ukunisela kuncishiswa kakhulu, okuvumela inhlabathi ukuba ome kahle. Emva kwalokho, emavikini ama-2-3, amanzi ajwayelekile athathelwa indawo ngesixazululo esipinki se-potassium permanganate. Ngokukhulula ngakunye, engeza umlotha omncane wezinkuni, ochotshoziwe ku-chalk powder, embhedeni. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukufeza ukugqokwa kwe-foliar top - 2 g ye-boric acid kanye namaconsi angama-20 e-iodine emalangeni ayi-10 amanzi.

Ividiyo: izindlela zokulwa nokubola okungwevu

I-Root rot (i-rhizoctonia)

Ngokuvamile, ama-sitrobheli ahlushwa yilesi sifo lapho ukujikeleza kwezilimo kungabhekwa, kanye nalapho kutshalwa engadini lapho noma iyiphi i-Solanaceae yayikhule ngaphambili. Izimpande (ikakhulukazi ezisencane) zishesha ukuba mnyama, ziba yisidudla lapho kuthintwa. Zomile, zihlephule kalula. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuvela izilonda ezifanayo kuma-petioles amaqabunga "nezimpondo." Isihlahla singakhishwa emhlabathini cishe ngaphandle kwamandla.

Ukubhekana nalesi sifo cishe akunakwenzeka. Impela, liziveza kuphela uma isifo sesihambile kakhulu. Ukuvimbela okuhle kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obunekhono. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa izimpande zamasethi amasha ukubamba imizuzu engama-2-3 emanzini ashisayo (40-45º)) noma imizuzu eyi-10-15 kusixazululo seFitosporin, Maxim, Previkur.

Izimpawu ezikhombisa ukuvela kokukhula kwezimpande engxenyeni esemoyeni yesitshalo kuvela lapho inqubo isivele ihambile ngokwanele

Uma ukubola kwezimpande kuthinte izitshalo ezimbalwa kuphela, zibiwa ngokushesha futhi zichithwe. Inhlabathi kule ndawo ithululelwa ngesisombululo esingu-3% we-zethusi sulfate noma i-Bordeaux fluid. Umbhede ukhululwe kahle, kanti ngasikhathi sinye ufake i-Alirin-B ne-Trichodermin pellets enhlabathini. Ukuchelela okuningi ngokweqile kuchazwe ngokuphelele. Kungcono ukubuyisela amanzi ngekhambi elipinki eliphaphathekile le-potanganum permanganate.

I-Powdery hlobo

Lesi sifo kulula ukusibona, kepha ukubhekana nesikhunta kunzima impela. Eqabungeni, ama-petioles, amajikijolo, ukhipha izigaxa, kuvela ukugoba okumhlophe, okufana nofulawa othululiwe. Kancane kancane, lezi zindawo ziyakhula, i-plaque "iyaqina" bese iba mnyama, ishintsha umbala ube nsundu-nsundu ngombala onsomi. Amajikijolo athintekile aqhekeka, ashiye omile. Awungeke udle sitrobheli esinjalo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kunomthelela esimweni sezulu esipholile esimanzi, ukuguquguquka okubukhali kokushisa, ukuqina kokutshala, i-nitrogen ethe xaxa emhlabathini, ukuchelela okungafanele (kokubili ukusilela komswakama kanye nokuningi kwawo). Izinhlobonhlobo u-Olivia, Polka, Pandora, Ruby pendant, Sparkle, Galichanka amelana nefungus ye-pathogenic.

I-Powdery mildew ibonakala njengokuhlanganiswa okungenangozi okungenakusula ukusula kusuka emaqabunga, kepha empeleni kuyisifo esiyingozi

Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-Powdery isikhutha, ama-sitrobheli athulwe ngesibabule se-colloidal izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngesikhathi sokukhula, inhlabathi embhedeni ithululelwa nesixazululo esingu-1% se-sulfate yethusi noma i-Bordeaux fluid. Inqubo yenziwa ngokushesha nje lapho kuqala amaqabunga okuqala, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali, ngokushesha emva kwayo kanye nezinsuku eziyi-15 - 20 ngemuva kokuphela kwezithelo. Ngenkathi yokukhula, ungasebenzisa amakhambi abantu, ufafaza sitrobheli njalo ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-1010 ngesisombululo sika-ash ash (40 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi), umlotha wezinkuni noma Foam wasendlini, insipho eluhlaza potash. Ukufakwa umquba nge-boric acid, i-sulfate yethusi ne-zinc sulfate, okuthinta kahle ukungavikeleki kwezitshalo, nakho kuyasiza.

Ukubhekana nalesi sifo, sebenzisa noma yiziphi izidakamizwa eziqukethe ithusi - isikhunta. Ezisebenza kakhulu yiTopaz, Bayleton, Kuproksat, Horus. Lapho kukhululwa, i-Euparen, iKaratan ingeniswa enhlabathini.

Ividiyo: ungasusa kanjani i-Powdery isikhutha kuma-sitrobheni

I-Fusarium

Cishe noma isiphi isiko esivandeni lingaphethwe yilokhu ukhunta. Ukuthuthuka kwalesi sifo kufaka isandla esivuthweni sezulu esishisayo nesomile. Ngenxa yalokho, ingxenye esemoyeni yesitshalo yoma ngokuphelele. Okokuqala, kuvela amabala amancanyana ansundu emaqabungeni, bese kuba ngama-petioles, amahlumela ("amadevu") kanye "nezimpondo" ansundu. Amaqabunga omile futhi aqothuka, isihlahla "siyaphuka", irosette kube sengathi iwela emhlabathini. Yonke inqubo ithatha amasonto angama-4-6. Kunezinhlobo ze-sitrobheli ezimelana noFusarium - uBohemia, uCapri, uFlamenco, uChristine, uSonata, uFlorence, u-Omsk ekuqaleni, u-Alice.

Izindlela zokwelapha abantu ekulweni ne-fusariosis azisebenzi ngokuphelele

Izindlela zokwelapha abantu ngokubanga isikhunta azisebenzi. Ukuvimbela okusebenzayo kokuthuthukiswa kwe-fusarium yi-fungicides yemvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo (i-Agat-25K, Trichodermin, Phytosporin, PhytoDoctor). Umbhede nezitshalo kufafazwa ngefrikhwensi ye kanye kanye emavikini ayi-1.5-2. Kwisisombululo samalungiselelo afanayo, izimpande zezihlahla ezintsha zifakwe emanzini ngaphambi kokutshala.

Ezimweni zomonakalo omkhulu, uFundazol, Benorad, Horus asetshenziselwa ukulwa nefusarium. Uma bekungenakwenzeka ukubhekana nale nkinga, umbhede wengadi uhlanzwa kahle, imfucumfucu yesitshalo iyashiswa, inhlabathi yokubulala amagciwane ithululelwa nesixazululo esingu-2% seNitrafen. Ungatshala futhi ama-sitrobheli kule ndawo okungenani iminyaka engama-5-6.

Indawo emhlophe (i-ramularis)

Amaqabunga ambozwe izindawo ezincane ezinobubende obunsomi. Kancane kancane zikhula, maphakathi ziba mhlophe, zingwevu noma zibe beige elula. Lesi sifo sisakazekela kuma-petioles nezithelo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izicubu ezithintekayo ziyafa, izimbobo zakha amaqabunga. Babuna babune. Kuvela amabala ama-brownish kumajikijolo, izinhlamvu zingena epulini le-sitrobheli, zonakalisa ukunambitheka kwalo kakhulu. I-fungus isakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngomswakama ophezulu. Imvamisa, lesi sifo sikhula sibe maphakathi nenkathi yezitshalo.

Ukubuka amabala amhlophe akuvamisi ukuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo, kepha kunciphisa kakhulu isivuno

Ukuvimbela inhlabathi engadini, izitshalo esigabeni sokuhluma futhi cishe inyanga ngemuva kokuvunwa zifafazwa ngesisombululo esingu-1% soketshezi lweBordeaux noma ngeTsineb, amalungiselelo weFalcon. Kufanele kubhekwe ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni i-underside yamaqabunga. Ezilondeni ezinkulu, kusetshenziswa uHorus, iBayleton, noStrobi.

Ibala elinsundu

Imvamisa, lesi sifo sihluma ngesikhathi sokwenza izithelo. Kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo, ikakhulukazi ngamaqabunga amancane, kuvela amabala ansundu amnyama, abekwe onsomi. Izithelo zikhula zincanyana futhi zimdaka, amaqabunga kanye "namadevu" ayomile. Isihlahla singalahlekelwa ngu-60-70% wesisindo esiluhlaza. I-fungus pathogen icasha ngokuphumelelayo imfucumfucu yesitshalo, ithwalwa yizinambuzane. Iphinde isabalale ngokuxhumana ngqo namaconsi amanzi.

I-pathogen ebonakala nsundu ivame ukucasha emfucumfucweni yezitshalo noma enhlabathini, igcina ukusebenza ngisho nasezithendeni ezinzima

Izindlela zokwelapha abantu ekulweni nokubona amabala ansundu azisebenzi. Ukuvimbela, amaqabunga okuqala avela, kanye namahlumela, afafazwa ngo-1% weBordeaux fluid noma i-HOM. Uma kwenzeka isilonda esikhulu, kusetshenziswa i-Oksikhom, i-Kuprozan, iSkor, i-Ridomil Gold.

Anthracnose

Isifo esitholakala kakhulu kulesi sifo yizitshalo ezihlushwa ukushoda kwezakhi zomzimba, kanye nalezo ezinokulimazeka okuncane komshini. Izikhunta ze-pathogenic fungus zithwalwa ngumoya, izinambuzane, imvula. I-Strawberry Pelican, i-Idea, iPegan, iDaver ayitholi i-anthracnose.

Amaqabunga nezithelo embozwe amabala wombala wezitini onomngcele onsundu noma ophuzi. Kancane kancane, bayakhula, bahlangane. Lapho-ke amabala aphenduka abe "yizilonda" ezicindezelekile ezihlanganiswe ngububende, umphezulu wawo uqhekeka, amaconsi aqukethe uketshezi olunamafu aphuzi. Amaqabunga omile, amatholethi aba ntekenteke kakhulu, yonke ingxenye yesitshalo iyomile futhi iyafa.

I-Anthracnose ibonwa kalula yizindawo zayo “ezinamanzi” kumajikijolo, ama-petioles namaqabunga

Izidakamizwa ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ekulweni ne-anthracnosis yi-Acrobat-MTs, Skor, Fundazol. Ukuvimbela, ama-sitrobheli nenhlabathi engadini izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngesizini kufafazwa ngeFitosporin, iTopsin-M noma iGamair. Kuyasiza ukwengeza noma iyiphi i-biostimulant kwikhambi (i-Epin, Zircon, potateum humate).

I-Verticillosis

Isikhunta se-pathogenic sithinta ngokuyinhloko izimpande. Izimpawu ezingxenyeni zasemoyeni zesitshalo zivele kuphela lapho inqubo isivele ikwanele ngokwanele. Amabhasi ama-Strawberry akhula mancane, ayeke ekukhuleni. Ama-petioles aphenduka abomvu, amajikijolo ajika abe nsundu futhi akhubazekile, amaqabunga asuka komile ophansi kakhulu.

Ukuvimbela okuhle kakhulu kwe-verticillosis kulandela izincomo zokulinywa kwe-sitrobheli, okokuqala, ukondla okufanele. Uma lesi sifo sesihambile kakhulu, kubanjiswa izimbotshana bese ziyashiswa, umbhede onamagciwane uyathululelwa nganoma yisiphi isikhunta. Ezigabeni zokuqala ze-verticillosis, ungasebenzisa isidakamizwa i-Maxim, Fundazol, Fitosporin, Fitodoctor.

Kunzima impela ukubhekana ne-verticillosis, ngakho-ke kufanele kunikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile ekuvinjelweni kwalesi sifo

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-sitrobheni ezinokungazweli okuhlanganiswe ngofuzo kulesi sifo - uLambada, i-Figaro, i-Gourmand, i-Tsarskoye Selo, i-Favorit. Iningi lazo alithinteki ngokubola okungwevu.

Ividiyo: Isifo Soku Strawberry Esivame Kakhulu

Izinambuzane ezivamile: ukuthi ungazihlonza kanjani futhi ubhekane nazo

Ama-Strawberry awanambitheki kubantu kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinambuzane eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi lazo liyingozi hhayi lodwa, kodwa futhi njengezithwali zesikhunta se-pathogenic, amagciwane namagciwane.

Okusajingijolo kanye sitrobheli weevil

Hhayi kuphela ama-sitrobheli kanye nama-raspberries ahlupheka ngakho, kodwa futhi nezitshalo eziningi ezivela emndenini wePink. Abantu abadala (izimbungulu ezincane ezimnyama) kanye nezibungu kulimaza nokutshala. Abokuqala badla ijusi leqabunga. Lapho-ke izinsikazi zibeka amaqanda azo ezimbalini, ziququde ngasezihlafunweni. Izibungu ezinamahloni zidla zingaphakathi, zichithe amaqanda ezithelo. Ama-Buds ajike abe mnyama, awe.

Abantu abadala kanye nezibungu ze-raspberry-sitrobheli weevil zenza umonakalo kuma-sitrobheli

Ukuvimbela, u-anyanisi, ugalikhi, ama-marigold, ama-nasturtiums atshalwa phakathi kwemigqa yama-sitrobheli noma eceleni komngcele wombhede. Izitshalo ezingathinteka yi-weevil, uma kungenzeka, zibekwe kude komunye nomunye. Kuyasiza ukuvikela ukubonakala kwemithi ye-weevil kanye neyabantu - ukumnika umhlonyane, ukhuni, i-hellebore, igobolondo le-walnut, u-mustard powder, u-anyanisi ikhasi. Amahlamvu aluhlaza afafazwa kube kanye njalo emavikini athile nesigamu, futhi esigabeni sokuhluma nokuqhakaza njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kuhlaselwe izinambuzane eziningi ekuseni kakhulu, ama-bush ayanyakaziswa ngamandla, ngemuva kokusakaza iphephandaba, indwangu kawoyela, nezinto zokumboza ngaphansi kwawo. Izicupho ezenziwa ekhaya nazo zinikeza umphumela omuhle - amabhodlela agcwele usawoti kasawoti nemvubelo. Ingaphakathi lentamo ligcotshwe ngamafutha zemifino ukuze izilokazane zingaphumi. Amabhasi nenhlabathi engaphansi kwawo afafazwa ngeNovaktion, Iskra-M, Kinmiks. Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvunwa ukubhubhisa izibungu zobusika enhlabathini.

I-Strawberry mite

Enye yezinambuzane ezivame kakhulu futhi eziyingozi ngesiko. Akunakwenzeka ukubona ngamehlo anqunu. Amaqabunga ambozwe amachashazi amdaka ansundu, athola umbala ongemvelo ophuzi. Ingaphezulu lawo liba ngumbala, amaqabunga amancane ngokuvamile awavuleli kuze kube sekupheleni. Ukusuka kule sitrobheli, ngokunokwenzeka, ngeke kufe, kepha isivuno sizokwehla kakhulu (ngama-50-60%).

I-Strawberry Mite - Enye yezinambuzane ezijwayelekile zeStrawberry

Nge-prophylaxis ngemuva kokuvunwa, izitshalo empeleni zifafazwa ngeKarbofos. Ngenkathi yokukhula, inhlabathi ithelwa uthuli izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngesibabule se-colloidal. Ukusuka kulo, ungalungisa isixazululo sokusebenza kwezihlahla. Amakhambi e-Folk - ukumnika kwe-anyanisi noma i-gruel yegalikhi, amaqabunga e-dandelion. Izimpande zezithombo ngaphambi kokutshala imizuzu engama-2-3 zifakwa kuqala emanzini ashisayo (40-45 ° C), bese kumanzi apholile (15-20 ° C).

Uma inkathazo iye yabuna ngamanani amakhulu, kusetshenziswa uFufanon, Kemifos, Novaktion, Actellik. Izinhlobonhlobo zeZenga-Zengan, iTorpedo, iVityaz, neZarya zimelana nokwehlulwa yizitimu ezingama-sitrobheli.

I-Strawberry leaf mabhungane

Izimbungulu ezincane ezinsundu zihlala ikakhulu ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga. Bondla izicubu zamaqabunga, beziqubule ngaphakathi. Izinsikazi zibeka amaqanda kuma-petioles. Izibungu ezibunjiwe nazo zidla ngezicubu zamaqabunga. Ziba mncane, ziguqukele, kwesinye isikhathi izimbobo ziyavela. Ngenxa yalokhu, izihlahla ziyeka ukukhula, izithelo ziyaphela.

Ukulimala okukhulu kuma-sitrobheli kubangelwa izibungu ze-sitrobheli seqabunga

Ukwesabisa inkathazo embhedeni, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo inhlabathi ifafazwa ngothuli lukagwayi noma amaqabunga omile emhlabathini abe yimvuthuluka. Kepha lokhu akufanele kuhlukunyezwe ukuze ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kungonakalisi. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ama-sitrobheni aphathwa ngeKarbofos noma neKarate. Ukhula njalo kuyadingeka. Ikakhulu ngokucophelela udinga ukubhubhisa i-meadowsweet ne-cinquefoil goose. Ubhungane beqabunga le-Strawberry lidla nezitshalo lezi.

I-Strawberry Whitefly

Izimvemvane ezincane ezimhlophe ezinjenge-moth emhlophe zinamathela ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga. Noma yikuphi ukuthinta kwesihlahla kwanele ukuba bakhuphukele emoyeni. Amacembe ambozwe ngenhlanganisela enamathela nengqimba yesikhunta sosizi. Ama-Whiteflies adla ujusi wesitshalo, ngakho-ke izicubu ziya ngokuya zidilika, bese amaqabunga ephenduka emnyama bese efa.

Ngasizathu simbe, i-sitrobheli emhlophe ayinandaba nephuzi, lesi sici sisetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezicupho.

Umphumela omuhle ekulweni ne-whitefly unikezwa izicupho zasekhaya ezenziwe izingcezu zekhadibhodi ephuzi, ezigcotshwe ngokuthile okunamathelayo (i-glue yomisa omude, isiraphu kashukela, ujamu, uju, uphethroli jelly). Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kuhlaselwe abantu abaningi, kusetshenziswa ama-Aktaru, uRovikurt, Confidor. Ikhambi le-Folk - noma iyiphi i-fleamp shampoo noma isifutho esiqukethe i-fipronide. Ukuvimbela, u-anyanisi negalikhi kutshalwa phakathi kwemigqa yama-sitrobheli, izitshalo zifafazwa ngokufakwa kwemicibisholo noma nge-pulp njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12.

Strawberry Nematode

Ama-Nematode izibungu ezincane ezingcolile ezidla ujusi wamaqabunga amancane. Bahlala ezonweni zabo, ngenxa yalokho bacishe bangabonakali. Izinsikazi zibekela amaqanda ezimpandeni - zimbozwe ngezinhlamvu eziyindilinga cishe ngosayizi wembewu ye-poppy. Ehlelweni lokudla, ama-nematode athela izicubu ngento ephazamisa ukusebenza kwe-metabolism ejwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi akhubazekile, imithambo kuyo ikhule, inani lamahlumela lincipha kakhulu, amajikijolo mancane.

I-Strawberry nematode cishe ayinakwenzeka ukubona ngamehlo anqunu

Ama-Nematode awakubekezeleli ukushisa nakancane. Ngakho-ke, izimpande zezihlahla ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini imizuzu ecwilisiwe emanzini ashisayo. Uniselwa umbhede ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Amaqabunga amadala okuqala afafazwe ngo-1% weBordeaux fluid. Lesi sinambuzane asithinti kuphela ama-sitrobheli, kepha namazambane, uphizi, u-anyanisi. Badinga ukutshalwa kude ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka komunye nomunye.

Strawberry nematode izibungu hatching kusuka amaqanda ilimaza sitrobheli izimpande ngokudla kubo kusuka ngaphakathi

Ukuze ulwe ne-nematode sebenzisa i-Phosphamide, iVitaros, iCarbation, iHeterophos. Ngemuva kokuvuna, ama-sitrobheni aphathwa nge-Scor, Fundazole. Ikhambi labantu liwukufakwa kwezimbabazane, kepha akuhlali kunikeza umphumela.

Ama-aphid

Enye yezinambuzane "zomhlaba wonke", ethinta izitshalo zombili nezingadi zasendlini. Lezi zinambuzane ezincane zemithunzi ehlukahlukene (kusuka eluhlaza okotshani kuya kombala onsundu) zihlala kuzo zonke izifunda, zinamathele ngaphansi kwamaqabunga amancanyana, ama-buds, ama-ovari ezithelo. Ama-aphid adla ngokuthambisa kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke izindawo ezithintekile zimbozwa amachashazi amancane e-beige, amaqabunga awonakalisiwe futhi agobekile. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuvela okunamathelayo okucacayo kuyavela. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ama-aphid amaningi ahlala ku-typiosis ezinzile enezintuthwane, futhi kufanele futhi alwe.

I-Aphid isiluthwane esingadeleli cishe noma yiziphi izilimo zasengadini, ama-sitrobheli awafani

Lesi sinambuzane sithathwa ngokufanele nganoma imuphi iphunga le-pungent. Kuyasiza ukutshala noma yimuphi amakhambi ezinzipayisi eduze kombhede wama-sitrobheli, kanye nomhlonyane, ama-marigolds, i-fennel, i-lavender ne-chamomile. Eziningi zalezi zitshalo zikhanga ama-aphid - ama-ladybugs - ezitheni zazo zemvelo. Yonke le imifino, kanye neziqongo zamatamatisi, amazambane, imicibisholo ye-anyanisi kanye negalikhi, amakhasi we-ulamula, upelepele oshisayo, amashipsi kagwayi angasetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zokulungiselela ama-infusions. Ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwama-aphid, kwanele ukufafaza ama-sitrobheli njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-8-10, uma kutholakala izinambuzane, amahlandla ama-3-4 nsuku zonke.

Amakhemikhali asetshenziswa kuphela uma kuhlasela inqwaba yesifo. Ngokuvamile amakhambi abantu anele. Noma yisiphi isinambuzane esisebenza ngokujwayelekile singasetshenziswa - i-Aktara, Iskra-Bio, Inta-Vir, Confidor nokunye.

Ividiyo: amakhambi abantu okulwa nama-aphid

Chafer

Ukulimala okukhulu kuma-sitrobheli, njengezinye izilimo zasengadini, kubangelwa izibungu zebhungane likaMeyi, ezidla izimpande zezitshalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, amakati afa ngokushesha.

Ukuvimbela izinambuzane okusebenzayo - ukuvulwa kwenhlabathi okujulile minyaka yonke entwasahlobo nasekwindla. I-clover emhlophe itshalwe emawayini, igcwala inhlabathi ngezinto ezixosha izibungu. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhakaze, isendlalelo esisembhedeni singathelwa ngamanzi ayixutshwe ne-ammonia (2 ml ilitha) noma izimbotshana ezijulile ezingenziwa ngokugcwalisa amagremu kaDecis neKarbofos kuwo. Ikhambi labantu liwukufakwa kwamakhasi anyanisi. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, kuthululelwa izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngaphansi kwezimpande zesihlahla ngasinye.

Sengathi amabhungane angadla izimpande zesitshalo futhi angabhubhisa wonke umbhede wama-sitrobheli ngesikhathi esifushane

Ukulwa nezibungu, i-Nemabakt, i-Pochin, nokulungiswa kweZemlin kuyasetshenziswa. Abantu abadala abavela ekutshaleni i-sitrobheli bancishwa i-elderberry, i-lupine, itheniphu elitshalwe eduze kombhede.

Isikhala sesicabucabu

Kulula ukukhomba inkathazo ngokungena kwamaqabunga, ama-buds nama-ovari wezithelo ngemicu emincane, e-translucent, efana ne-cobwebs. Idla ngojusi wesitshalo, izindawo ezithinta izicubu ziya ngokuya ziphuzi futhi zomile. Ihlala ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kweshidi, iqiniswa kancane kancane ngefilimu emhlophe emhlophe. Ukumelana nomonakalo nge-spider mite izinhlobo Okokuqala-grader, Anastasia, Sunrise, Cinderella Kuban.

I-spider mite akuyona insect, ngakho-ke, umphumela oyifunayo ekulweni nawo unikezwa kuphela ngamalungiselelo akhethekile - ama-acaricides

Ngokuvimbela phakathi kwezihlahla zama-sitrobheli, u-anyanisi, ugalikhi, i-calendula, ama-marigolds atshalwa. Amahlathi ngokwawo afafazwa ngokufakwa kwe-anyanisi noma i-gruel yegalikhi, i-decoction of cyclamen tubers. Kodwa amakhambi anjalo awanikezi umphumela ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma ingxenye ebalulekile yamasethi asembhedeni ihlaselwe umkhaza, kungcono ukungamoshi isikhathi futhi ngokushesha usebenzise izidakamizwa ezikhethekile - ama-acaricides (i-Actofit, i-Akarin, iVertimek, iNeoron, i-Apollo). Zidinga ukushintshwa ngokwelashwa okusha ngakunye - inkathazo ikhula ngokushesha nokungaziphathi kahle.

Slug

Enye inkathazo engadini ebabazekayo. Ama-slugs anjengezinkungu ezingenagobolondo. Zidla inyama yama-sitrobheli nezicubu zamaqabunga, zenze izimbobo noma zidlule kuwo. Phezu kwezithelo namahlamvu, iminonjana yazo iyabonakala - imicu yokugoqwa kwesiliva okunamathelayo.

Ijubane lokunyakaza kanye nekhono lokumisa ama-slugs akufani. Ngakho-ke, umphumela omuhle iqoqo lesandla lezinambuzane. Kuhle ukuyisebenzisa ekuseni kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-slugs aqoqana ngaphansi kwamaqabunga futhi asebenzayo okungenani. Ungasebenzisa futhi izicupho - amaqabunga eklabishi, ama-halves wegilebhisi, agcwele ubhiya, isiraphu kashukela, iziqukathi zejam, ezembiwe emhlabathini.

Slugs ayikwazi ukubhubhisa sitrobheli, kepha yonakalisa kakhulu isethulo amajikijolo

Amabhasi okuvikelwa kwezinambuzane azungezwe “yisithiyo” samaqanda noma impova, isihlabathi, izinaliti zikaphayini noma izinaliti. Inhlabathi ifafazwa ngamachilo kagwayi, umlotha wezinkuni, lwesinaphi. Eduze komphetho wemibhede, kutshalwa noma yimaphi amakhambi abukhali enephunga. Ungazama futhi ukuheha ama-slugs endaweni yezitha zemvelo - ama-hedgehogs, amasele nezinyoni. Izinkukhu ezijwayelekile zenza umsebenzi omuhle.

Ama-insecticides asetshenziswa kuphela uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwama-slugs, okuqabukela. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu unikezwa ngamalungiselelo e-irondehyde, ukuduma kwezulu, i-slug.

Ividiyo: ungabhekana kanjani nama-slugs engadini

Izindlela zokuvimbela

Noma iyiphi inkinga kulula kakhulu ukuyivimba kunokuba ubhekane nemiphumela kamuva. Lokhu kusebenza nasezifo nasezinambuzaneni ze sitrobheni. Amabhasi anakekelwa ngendlela efanele mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba ahlushwa isikhunta, amagciwane, amagciwane, futhi ahlaselwa yizinambuzane. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekuvimbeleni:

• Ukugcina imibhede ihlanzekile. Ama-Strawberry adinga ukhula njalo, ekwindla - ukususa konke imfucumfucu yesitshalo. Amaqabunga omile asuswa ezihlahleni ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ukonga isikhathi sokususa ukhula Kepha ungqimba lwe-mulch nalo lufuna ukuvuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile, uma kungenjalo luzodala ukulimaza kunokuhle.
• Ukuthukululwa kwenhlabathi okujulile. Ngokufanelekile, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngemuva kokunisela. Noma okungenani ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla. Lokhu kusiza ukubhubhisa amaqanda nezibungu zezinambuzane ebusika enhlabathini, izinkumbi zesikhunta ezigobekayo.
• Ukuhambisana nokujikeleza kwezilimo. Endaweni efanayo, ama-sitrobheli angatshalwa iminyaka eyi-3-4. Lapho-ke umbhede uyahlanzwa, inhlabathi ibulawa magciwane, uyichithe nge-Bordeaux uketshezi noma isigaxa sethusi. Futhi, ama-sitrobheli angabuyiselwa kuwo eminyakeni engama-5-6, hhayi ngaphambili.
• Ukukhetha kahle izithombo. Kunconywa ukuyithenga kuphela ezinkulisa ezethembekile noma kwabanye abahlinzeki abathembekile.
• Ukulungiselela kwangaphambili. Ngokubulala amagciwane, izimpande zingafakwa emanzini ashisayo, isixazululo sombala opinki we-potanganum permanganate, noma isiphi isikhunta semvelaphi yemvelo. Izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-Copper zibhubhisa isikhunta eziningi ze-pathogenic.
• Ukuhambisana nephethini yokufika. Uma izitshalo zitholakala kakhulu, kudalwa indawo enomswakama evulekile, efanelekile ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo nezinambuzane eziningi. Futhi, ukutshala kwabantu kufaka isandla ekudluliseleni kwabo ngokushesha kusuka ekuguleni kuya ezinkingeni ezinempilo.
• Ukudla ngesikhathi nangendlela efanele. Musa ukuthathwa kakhulu ngamanyolo aqukethe i-nitrogen. Ukugcwala kwabo emhlabathini kwenza buthaka ukungavikeleki kwesitshalo. Kodwa i-potassium ne-phosphorus kumithamo efanele, kunalokho, kuqinise. Akunconywa ukusebenzisa umquba omusha njengengubo ephezulu. Kuyindawo ekahle yokuzalanisa izibungu namaqanda ezinambuzane eziningi.
• Ukunisela okufanele. I-Strawberry yisitshalo esithanda umswakama, kepha inhlabathi enamanzi idala izimo zokuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta eziningi ezihlukumezeka. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuyinkcenkceshela kuphela uma ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlabathi loma.

Ukuhambisana nemikhuba yezolimo kuyindlela engcono yokuthola isivuno esiningi se-sitrobheli futhi usivikele ezifweni nasekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane.

Ama-Strawberry atshalwa hhayi kuphela emhlabathini ovulekile, kodwa futhi ku-greenhouse. Indawo evaliwe lapho amilezi omoya omile kufanelekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo nezinambuzane. Uma ama-plantings egqinsiwe, noma iyiphi inkinga isakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu kunasemhlabeni ovulekile.

Ukugwema lokhu, abamba ukushisa kufanele bavuleke umoya njalo. Ekupheleni kwenkathi yokukhula, inhlabathi ibulala amagciwane ngokuchitha amanzi abilayo noma isixazululo esipinki se-potassium permanganate. Zonke izikhala zisulwe nge-lime eyenziwe nge-hydrate ehlanganiswe ngamanzi noma ngo-5% we-sulfate. Lapho iminyango ivaliwe ngokuqinile, ithelwa intuthu kagwayi noma ucezu lwebhomu le-sulfuric lishiswe. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa noma yikuphi ukubulala izinambuzane, i-greenhouse kumele ingene umoya kahle. Udinga ukukhetha izidakamizwa ezibolayo emhlabathini, uma kungenjalo kukhona ingozi yangempela yokufaka ubuthi enhlabathini isikhathi eside.

Kukhula sitrobheli akuyona into enkulu. Ngisho nomlimi we-novice angathola isivuno. Ngokuya ngemithetho ethile nezincomo eziphathelene nobuchwepheshe bezolimo, ukutholakala kokuvinjwa okunekhono, ubungozi bezifo nezilokazane kuncishisiwe. Noma kunjalo, ama-plantings kufanele ahlolwe njalo ukuthola izimpawu ezisolisayo. Njengoba ubatholile, udinga ukukhomba inkinga kahle futhi wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze esimweni ngasinye.