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Ungasakaza kanjani ama-raspberries: imbewu, ukusika, ukubeka, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla

Amajikijolo asengozini yezifo eziningi, kufaka phakathi lezo ezivela emvelaphi yegciwane. Ezimweni lapho izimpawu zesifo zingabonakali kalula, ukusakazeka okusajingijiki okusebenzisa izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo ezinegciwane kuzoholela ekusakazweni kwalesi sifo. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala izinhlobonhlobo ezintsha endlini yezwe lakho, kungcono ukuthenga izithombo ezikhulele enkulisa ekhethekile. Ngokuthenga izinto zokutshala ezivela kwezinye izakhamuzi zasehlobo, awubeki engcupheni yokuthola isitshalo esinegciwane kuphela, kodwa futhi nokubhubhisa lawo mabhasi osuvele unawo. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokusabalalisa ama-raspberries ngokwakho, funda ngokucophelela izincomo zethu kule ndatshana.

Ama-raspberries azalela kanjani

Kunezindlela eziningi zokusabalalisa ama-raspberries: imbewu, ukusika, ukubeka izingxenye, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla ... ungasebenzisa izindlela eziningana bese ukhetha ukuthi iyiphi evumelana nawe kahle. Ukutshala indawo enkulu ngama-raspberries, isihlahla esisodwa sanele. Ekusakazeni, isitshalo ebesikhule iminyaka engama-2-3 siyafanele.

Njengezinto zokutshala, noma yiziphi izingxenye zesitshalo zingasetshenziswa.

Ukusakazwa kwembewu okusajingijolo

Kunzima kakhulu ukukhulisa ama-raspberries kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Le ndlela isetshenziswa abafuyi bezithelo ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezintsha.

Lokhu kwenziwa ngokulandelayo:

  1. Qoqa kakhulu amajikijolo amakhulu avuthiwe kusuka emahlathini athela kahle futhi uwavuthulule ngokucophelela ngeminwe yakho ezansi kwembiza. Isisindo esidingekayo sihlanzwa kaningana emanzini. Imbewu efanelekayo yokusakazwa izoba phansi. I-pulp iyakhanywa bese i-precipitate ihlungwulwa ngesihlungo.
  2. Ukuze imbewu ihlume kahle, udinga ukuyilungiselela. Imbewu yosuku ishiywe engilazini yamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, zihlanganiswa nesihlabathi esimanzi bese zibekwa emasakeni endwangu, agcinwe izinyanga ezintathu esiqandisini noma esendlini engaphansi emabhokisini agcwele u-moss oswakanyisiwe. I-Moss ifafazwa ngamanzi njalo emavikini ama-2.
  3. NgoMashi, imbewu nesihlabathi kuhlwanyelwa emabhokisini enenhlabathi kuze kube ngu-5 mm. Bafafazwa ngesihlabathi phezulu. Ukwakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, izitshalo zimbozwa ngengilazi. Amabhokisi kufanele abe sendlini enamazinga okushisa angama-20-22 ° C. Umhlaba umswakama izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi amabhokisi amile elangeni, lokhu kungaholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwezilimo. Njengomthetho, yingxenye kuphela yembewu eqhumayo.
  4. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga ambalwa kwangempela ezitshalweni, ziqala ukufutheka. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze izitshalo zijwayele izinga lokushisa ngokweqile nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Izithombo ezingagadliwe kungenzeka zife. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, amabhokisi anezithombo zomsiphu adalulwa emgwaqweni. Okokuqala, zibambe emoyeni omusha ngehora eli-1. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi esichithwa yizithombo emigwaqweni sikhuphuka ngehora eli-1 nsuku zonke. Ngemuva kwesonto, amabhokisi ayavezwa usuku lonke.
  5. Izithombo eziqinile zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile lapho ukufudumala kwesimo sezulu ku (ngokuvamile maphakathi no-Meyi). Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni. Bumba izimbobo ezi-10 cm ngokujula, ubeke izithombo lapho kanye nenhlama yomhlaba, ufafaze ngenhlabathi ngaphezulu ukuze izimpande zikhule ngokuphelele emhlabathini. Izithombo ziniselwa kahle futhi zimbozwe ngefilimu ubusuku bonke inyanga. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, kuzobonakala ukuthi ama-raspberry bush aqala ukukhula (amaqabunga amasha azovela).

Indlela yokusabalalisa ama-raspberries ngembewu yisikhathi esisebenzisa kakhulu isikhathi

Ukuvunwa kokuqala kwama-raspberry akhule ngale ndlela, uzongena eminyakeni engama-2-3.

Ividiyo: Ukusakazwa kwembewu okusajingijolo

Ukusakazwa kwama-raspberries ngokusika

Ukusakazeka ngokusika kuyindlela ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi nabalimi. Ilula futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uthole izitshalo eziqinile ngohlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe. Kunezindlela eziningana zokusakaza ngezinsika.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika kwezinkuni

  1. Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga, sebenzisa izihlahla zokuchelela ukusika ama-raspberries. Iziqu ze-Woody zihlukaniswa zibe yizicucu ezingama-25-30 cm ubude.
  2. Gcina izinto ezilungiselelwe esihlabathini esimanzi emiphongolweni, ngemuva kokusonga izingcezu ephepheni nasendwangu.
  3. NgoFebhuwari, ingxenye engezansi iyavuselelwa futhi ifakwe emanzini amahora ayi-12. Ukuqala ukukhula izimpande, ukusika kubekwa emanzini ngoju. Hlakaza isipuni esingu-1 kwilitha elilodwa lamanzi abandayo noma afudumele. uju. Inqubo yokwakhiwa kwezimpande izobonakala ngenyanga.
  4. Lapho izimpande sezikhula zibe ngu-1 cm, faka izithombo zibe ngamabhodlela epulasitiki nomhlaba. Yenza imigodi ejulile, ebanzi, ubeke ngokucophelela ukhipha izimbotshana kuyo bese uyimboza ngesihlabathi. Gxilisa inhlabathi njalo. Uyacelwa ukuthi wazi ukuthi ngokunisela ngokweqile lapho usika kungabola.
  5. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3, izimpande zizokwakhiwa, bese kuvela amaqabunga ezihlangeni.
  6. NgoMeyi, ukusika okunezimpande kutshalwe emigodini kuya ekujuleni kuka-20-25 cm.

Izitshalo ezinjalo ziqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesibili.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika okuluhlaza

  1. Izilimo zivunwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo kusuka emahlathini okusajingijolo, obekulokhu kukhula iminyaka engu-2-3. Hlukanisa amahlumela aluhlaza ezingeni lomhlaba uwahlukanise ube izingcezu ezi-cm cm ubude.
  2. Gxila okuqukethwe okulungiselelwe amahora angu-12 kusishukumisi sokukhula kwezimpande uKornevin: hlanganisa i-1 tsp. ufulawa kwilitha 1 lamanzi. Sebenzisa ikhambi elisanda kulungiswa.
  3. Sika izihlahla enhlabathini evulekile. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kumele libe ngu-10-15 cm. Mboza umbhede ngefilimu.
  4. Izithombo zidinga ukuthambisa ejwayelekile.
  5. Emavikini lamabili ngemuva kokutshala izithombo zigqoka phezulu. Sebenzisa i-mullein njengomanyolo we-organic. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thela imbiza ye-litre slurry kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Lelinani lomanyolo lanele ukunisela 2 m2 umhlaba onezithombo.
  6. Dlulisa izitshalo ezincane endaweni yokukhula njalo ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5-2. Ukususa isithombo, sikimbe kanye nenhlama yomhlaba.

Izimbumbulu zokusakazeka zivunwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo kusuka kumasebe okusajingijolo aneminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala

Ehlathini elincane le-raspberry, isivuno sizovela ngonyaka wesibili.

Ividiyo: ukusakazwa kwama-raspberries ngesikhuni esiluhlaza

Ukusakazwa ngokusika izimpande

Entwasahlobo, lapho kudluliselwa kwenye indawo, izimpande zezihlahla ziyafushaniswa. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze isitshalo simile endaweni entsha. Ukugaya kushukumisa ukukhula kwezimpande ze-lateral, okuphumela ekwakhekeni kwethanga elinamandla.

Ukwenza izimpande okusajingijolo zibunjiwe, zifushaniswa ngaphambi kokufakelwa

Sika izimpande ngobukhulu obungaphezu kuka-2 mm nobude obuyi-10-15 cm ngamagatsha amaningana asemuva alungele ukusakazeka.

  1. Thatha i-peat nesihlabathi ngokulingana okulinganayo, hlanganisa bese ugcwalisa amabhokisi ngomxube, ukujula kwawo kufanele okungenani kube ngu-20 cm.
  2. Yenza imifino efinyelela ku-5 cm ngokujulile.
  3. Ngezansi, beka ukuncipha okukhethiweyo kwezimpande bese ukumboza ngokucophelela ngenhlabathi. Beka amabhokisi endaweni eluhlaza okotshani noma amboze nge-foil.
  4. Tshala izitshalo ezincane ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele.

Ungatyala ukutshala izimpande ngokushesha emhlabathini ekotishi lasehlobo. Lindela izithombo ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3.

  1. Yenza ama-grooves ajule ngo-5 cm, abeke ukusikeka ezansi bese uthele amanzi amaningi.
  2. Mboza umbhede nge-foil ukuze ugcine ukushisa nomswakama.
  3. Lapho izitshalo zikhula, susa ifilimu.

Amahlahla amancinci okusajingijolo azoqala ukukhiqiza izilimo eminyakeni engama-2-3.

Ividiyo: Ukusakazwa okusajingijolo ngokusikwa kwezimpande

Ukusakazeka raspberries layering

Ekwindla, iziqongo zezinye iziqu ezide nezizacile zincike emhlabathini futhi zimpande. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela anjalo ahlukaniswa ama-secateurs kusuka ku-isitshalo esiyinhloko futhi atshalwe kanye ngenhlama yomhlaba.

Ukuze uthole izendlalelo ezixakile, qhubeka ngokulandelayo:

  1. NgoMeyi, bakhetha ihlumela elincanyana eliguquguqukayo futhi bacinezele phezulu ukuze izimpande zamuva zikhule.
  2. Isakhiwo sendawo okuhloswe ukwakha ukwakhiwa siyakhululwa. Ingaphezulu lenkohliso elingafika ku-15 cm lixubene ne-peat nesihlabathi. Lokhu, 1 m2 amazwe athatha ibhakede elilodwa le-peat nesihlabathi.
  3. Yenza umsele ujule ngo-10 cm bese uthambisa isiqu ukuze ingxenye engenhla yehlumela (10-15 cm ukusuka phezulu) ithinte umhlabathi.
  4. Ingaphezulu lihlanganiswe nesiqeshana se-wire ezansi kwe-groove.
  5. Umgodi umbozwe ngenhlabathi futhi wanisela.
  6. NgoSepthemba, isiqu sesitshalo se-uterine sihlukaniswa ama-secateurs ebangeni elingama-30 cm ukusuka kusitshalo esisha.
  7. Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga ewile, izinsalela zehlumela lomama ziyanqunywa.
  8. Sika iziqongo zezendlalelo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela aseceleni.
  9. Izendlalelo zimbiwa ngenqwaba yomhlaba bese zidluliselwa endaweni engapheli.

Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, isihlahla sizoqala ukuthela izithelo.

Ukusakazeka kwama-raspberry ngokuhlelwa okulele:

  1. NgoMeyi, bambe imisele emaceleni esihlahla esikhulu. Ukujula kwesiporo kufanele kube ngu-10 cm. Isihlabathi sithululelwa ngaphansi.
  2. Iziqu eziluhlaza zibekwe ezansi kwama-grooves futhi zihlanganiswe nokuqina kwensimbi.
  3. Amagatsha aphansi nawamuva anqunywa ngama-secateurs.
  4. Amahlumela aphezulu afafazwe nomhlaba. Iziqongo zezendlalelo ziyanqunywa ukuze kuhlume ukuqina kwealali.
  5. Ukuze uthole ukwakheka okungcono kohlelo lwezimpande zamalebula, uthele isixazululo seKornevin. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-5 g kafulawa ihlanjululwe kumalitha ayi-5 amanzi. Ukuchelela okuphindaphindiwe nge-stimulator yokukhula kwenziwa ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3. Ngokwindla, izimpande zakha izindawo zokuxhumana nomhlabathi.
  6. Ekwindla, isitshalo esisha sihlukaniswa sokuqala futhi sitshalwe ndawonye ngenqwaba yenhlabathi.

Izitshalo ezintsha ziqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesibili.

Ividiyo: Ukusakazwa okusajingijolo ngokuhlelwa okulele

Ukusakazwa inzalo yezimpande

Okusajingijolo kusakazeka kahle kakhulu ngozalo lwezimpande. Amahlumela amasha akhula ezimpandeni zesihlahla sikamama, okuthi ekugcineni kwesikhathi sezitshalo kube nohlelo lwawo lwezimpande.

  1. Ekwindla, ngefosholo, hlukanisa isitshalo esisha esihlahleni esikhulu.
  2. Bemba ngesigaxa somhlaba, uzama ukungalimazi izimpande.
  3. Bumba umgodi wokujula okwenele ukuze kugcwale inqwaba yomhlaba nesitshalo.
  4. Faka inhlabathi emgodini, hlanganisa umhlabathi namanzi kahle.

Ekwindla, isitshalo esisha sihlukaniswa nesihlahla esikhulu

Izitshalo ezitshalwe kabusha zivuna ngonyaka wesibili.

Ividiyo: Ukusakazwa okusajingijolo ngenzalo yezimpande

Indlela yokusakazwa okusajingijolo yaseScotland

Le ndlela yamukelwa njengenye yezimpawu ezisebenzayo kakhulu futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uthole inani elikhulu lezithombo.

  1. Entwasahlobo, i-peat, humus, sawdust (nge-1 m) ingeniswa enhlabathini ezungeze isihlahla2 inhlabathi - ibhakede eli-1 lengxube ye-peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-sawdust, ethathwe ngokulingana okulinganayo). Lokhu kuholela ekwakhekeni kwenombolo enkulu yamahlumela kuma-rhizomes ehlathini okusajingijolo.
  2. Ekwindla, izimpande zihlukaniswe zibe yizicucu zibekwe engaphansi kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ahlanganiswe ngezinqwaba, aboshwe ngendwangu futhi agcinwe esihlabathini esimanzi.
  3. NgoMashi, ukusikwa kungcwatshwe kungxube ye-peat nesihlabathi ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo futhi kuniselwe kakhulu. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, kuvela inani elikhulu lamahlumela aluhlaza.
  4. Amahlumela kanye nengxenye ye-rhizome atshalwe emabhokisini.
  5. Izitshalo ezintsha zinezimpande ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngemuva kwesonto, izithombo zidluliselwa emabhodweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulungisa inhlabathi ngalezi zilinganiso ezilandelayo: izingxenye ezi-3 ze-turf, ingxenye eyi-peat nesihlabathi. I-Superphosphate nefulawa ye-dolomite yengezelelwa ngesilinganiso se-5 g no-50 g, ngokulandelana, nge-100 l yenhlabathi.
  6. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izithombo sezikulungele ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile.

Uzothatha isivuno sokuqala kusuka kumasebe amasha okusajingijolo eminyakeni emi-2.

Ukusakazeka kwama-raspberries ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla

Amajikijolo aqala ukukhula ngokushesha ngemva kokuba iqhwa liphelile. Ngakho-ke, kakade ngoMashi, ungasitshala ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla ezingxenyeni eziningana.

  1. Iziqu zifushaniswa zibe ngama-20 cm ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela akamuva.
  2. Bamba isihlahla kanye nezimpande. Umhlaba unyakaziswa ngokucophelela.
  3. Hlukanisa isihlahla ngosizo lwama secateurs ngendlela yokuthi engxenyeni ngayinye ehlukanisiwe kube neziqu ezinkulu ezingama-2-3.
  4. Bumba izimbobo ngokujula kwamasentimitha angama-30- 40. Inhlabathi ixubene ne-peat nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso sezingxenye ezi-3 zomhlaba, ingxenye eyi-peat, 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi.
  5. Izitshalo zibekwa emigodini, zimbozwe ngengxube elungiselelwe futhi ziniselwa kakhulu.

Ngonyaka olandelayo, ama-raspberries atshaliwe azoqala ukukhiqiza izilimo.

Okusajingijolo isakazwa kahle yiziphi izingxenye zesitshalo: izimpande, amahlumela, layering. Uma unamabhishi ambalwa, khona-ke ukusakazwa ngokusikwa kwezimpande noma indlela yaseScotland kukuvumela ukuthi utshale indawo enkulu eminyakeni emi-2. Lapho ufaka ama-raspberries endaweni entsha, kuba lula ukusebenzisa indlela yokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ukuze ama-raspberries alethe inani elikhulu lamajikijolo amakhulu futhi amnandi, kunconyelwa ukuthutha izihlahla ziye kwenye indawo njalo eminyakeni engama-5-7.

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