Amagilebhisi ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Century - kubathandi beqiniso bomisiwe

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, amagilebhisi ajabulele uthando olukhulu nokunakwa okukhulu phakathi kwabantu. Bambalwa abantu abanganakwa ngalezi zithelo zomlingo. Esikhathini eside lesi siko selikhona, abantu babele inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo. Amagilebhisi omisiwe Century kufanelekile indawo enhle phakathi kwabo ngenxa yokunambitheka okumangalisayo nokubukeka okumangazayo. Uma ubheka emabhulashini egolide avuthiwe, othululelwe ujusi onikeza impilo, uyaqonda ukuthi akusikho ngalutho ukuthi amagilebhisi abizwa ngokuthi amajikijolo elanga.

Umlando webanga

Amagilebhisi wekhulu leminyaka eza kithi evela kude - evela phesheya kolwandle. Igama lakhona langempela yiCentennial seedless, elihumusha lisuselwa esiNgisini ngokuthi "ikhulu elingena mbewu." Siphinde sazi lokhu okuhlukahlukene njengeCenteniel sidlis. I-Century ingeyoqembu lamagilebhisi.

Enye yezimpumelelo zezolimo zombuso zaseCalifornia eMelika isipiliyoni ekukhiqizweni nasekukhetheni kwezinhlobo ezintsha zamagilebhisi asetafuleni. Ngo-1966, esiteshini saseDavis eCalifornia, ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili, kwatholakala ifomu le-hybrid (GOLD x Q25-6 (Emperor x Pyrovan 75)). Ngo-1980, yabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni njengezinhlobo ezintsha.

Amagilebhisi ezinhlobonhlobo zeCentennial atholile ukuthandwa e-CIS kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, kodwa ngesikhathi sakhona awuzange uphumelele ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene endaweni yeRussian Federation futhi awuzange ungene kwirejista yezimpumelelo zokukhethwa.

Incazelo nesimilo

I-Kishmish Century ikhule kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Ikhula eBelarus naseMoldova, idumile e-Australia, eSouth Africa, eChile, e-Argentina nakwamanye amazwe aseMelika. E-Russia, izinhlobo ze-Century ziyanconywa ukuba zikhule ezindaweni ezifundeni eziseningizimu naphakathi nendawo. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, cishe azifaneleki, ngoba azikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi ebusika, futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula azinakho ukushisa okwanele kokukhula okugcwele kwezitshalo.

Century - amagilebhisi angenazithelo (amagilebhisi) angenasithelo, okuvuthwa kuqala, amajikijolo wokuvuthwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-120 kuya ku-555 kusukela kuqale isizini. Ukuvuthwa okususwayo kwenzeka maphakathi no-Agasti. Amajikijolo omisiwe angaqothulwa okusha futhi nokwenza amajikijolo omisiwe.

Ithebula: Izici eziyinhloko zohlobo lwamagilebhisi wekhulu

Amabibi angawakhe alezi zinhlobo akhule ngokuqinile, adinga ukwesekwa okuzinzile. Amakhiwane omisiwe ahlanganisiwe anezihlahla ezikhula phakathi, abonakala ngomvini onamandla onama-shortode, awanikeza ukuqina. Naphezu kobukhulu obukhulu, umvini uvuthwa kahle bese uba nsundu ngombala.

Izithombo nezithombo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinesilinganiso esihle sokusinda. Amahlathi aqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine ngemuva kokutshala. Amaqoqo wesiginali angavela kakade ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila.

Isivuno sokuqala esihlahleni seminyaka emithathu samagilebhisi izinhlobo Century

Iqoqo likhulu futhi likhulu kakhulu, linesisindo esingama-0.4-1,5 kg (amanye afinyelela kumakhilogremu amabili), lingaba nobukhulu obuphakathi nendawo futhi akukho bukhulu. Umumo uphakeme, ugcwele, unamaphiko, ngamaphiko amabili noma amathathu. Ezimweni ezimenyezelwe, kukhonjiswa ukuthi ukuze kugwenywe ukungachitheli amajikijolo, isivuno kufanele sivunwe ngesikhathi, kepha abaholi beviniga abaningi bayazi ukuthi iziqu zingabekelwa ezihlahleni kuze kube yilapho kuneqhwa kungazilimazi.

Amaqhugwane amagilebhisi Century amakhulu futhi amakhulu kakhulu, ijamo le-conical, linamaphiko

I-berry likhulu impela, isilinganiso sama-gramu ayi-6-8. Ukuze wandise usayizi, unciphise amajikijolo ngamaqoqo bese ususa izingxenye ezithile zeqoqo ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali. Inyama enesikali esincane iyancibilika emlonyeni. Isikhumba mncane, cishe akuzwakali lapho kudliwa. Okuqukethwe ushukela kwe-13% kanye ne-acidity ye-6.0 g / l kunikeza ukunambitheka okuvumelanayo kumajikijolo. Ijamo lili-oval, umbala uphuzi-luhlaza ngokuvuthwa okususwayo. Uma ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa amajikijolo avezwa ukukhanya kwelanga isikhathi eside, khona-ke amachashazi nezindawo ezincane ezinsundu, okuthiwa "tan", zingavela kuwo.

Njengomphumela wokuchayeka isikhathi eside emisebeni yelanga eqondile, amabala ansundu namachashazi amafreyidi

Lapho kwenziwa ngaphezulu, amajikijolo awaqhekeki futhi awakhuli. Ngokwesigaba esithile, ingaphezulu lejikijolo futhi libushelelezi. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kungokwesigaba sokuqala (esiphakeme kakhulu) sokungabi nambewu.

Ngokuya ngobuningi bama-rudiments (imbewu primordia) etholakala kumajikijolo eqembu lamagilebhisi, izinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezi-4 zokungabi nembewu, lapho isigaba sokuqala sibonisa ukungabikho okuphelele kweziqubu, kanti isigaba sesine sisho isisindo esingaphezu kwe-14 mg.

Amajikijolo omvini wekhulu leminyaka, azikho ngokuphelele izihlonipho

Amajikijolo wegilebisi se-Century aziphatha kahle ekusebenzeni. Ama-raisin aphuma kubo ayikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu - iqondaniswe, ukwakheka okuhle, umbala omangalisayo.

Ama-raisin avela kumagilebhisi Ikhulu leminyaka liphezulu kakhulu

Ngenxa yesilinganiso esihle sikashukela ne-acidity, amajikijolo ane ukunambitheka okulinganiselayo - obucayi, hhayi oshukela, onomunyu ongabonakali obabazekayo nephunga le-nutmeg. Ekulandeni okungaseningizimu, amanothi wetiye lesithombo ayaphawulwa ekunambithekeni, okunika imvelaphi. Uma iziqu zinde emahlahleni, khona-ke okuqukethwe ushukela kungakhuphuka, bese i-nutmeg inyamalale. Futhi, ngokusho kwama-viniga, ubukhona bephunga le-natimeg kungenzeka buvele emhlabathini ongavundile wenhlabathi (i-sand loam, loam) nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho ezingaphezulu.

Ividiyo: Ukubuyekezwa komvini wekhulu

Isithelo sezithelo zomvini simaphakathi, kepha sizinzile. Imbali bisexual, okunomthelela ekwenzeni impova enhle kanye nokwakheka okunamandla kwe-ovary. Ukhuphula umkhiqizo, kunconywa ukuthi ungavumeli ukukhathala komvini, okungenzeka ngenxa yokulayisha phansi kwesihlahla. I-normalization ye-inflorescences, njengomthetho, ayisetshenziswanga, ngoba izithelo ze-amahlumela aziphezulu ngokwanele. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwabatshali bezithelo zomvini, omisiwe baseCentury, ngokuya ngemikhuba efanele yezolimo, bangakhiqiza isivuno esikhulu.

Ukumelana nesithwathwa kwe--23 ° C kwenza kungakwazi ukukhulisa lolu hlobo ezinthambekeni zasenyakatho. Kwezinye izifunda, ama-bush kufanele avikelwe ubusika. Kunobufakazi bokuthi isithwathwa esibuyela emuva singabulala ama-buds aseqalile ukuqhakaza.

Ukumelana nezifo zesikhunta kuyisilinganiso, njengazo zonke izinhlobo zaseMelika ezingenambewu. Ngakho-ke, kwesinye isikhathi izindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile ezintathu azanele futhi kunesidingo sokufafazwa okwengeziwe nge-fungicides. Ngokuzwela okuthile isikhunta iBotryodiplodia theobromae.

Ama-Waster nezinyoni awalimazi amajikijolo. Ukuqina kwezihlahla ezimpande kuya ku-phylloxera kuyaphawulwa, okuthinta kuphela izinhlobo zaseMelika ezitholwe ngokuwela, futhi kungathinti amasiko aseYurophu. Ukunconywa kwe-raptor agaris Century kumasheya aphikisana ne-phylloxera kunconyiwe. Izinhlobonhlobo zilwa nezinye izinambuzane.

Ukuthuthwa kwamakhiwane omile Ikhulu leminyaka aliphezulu kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukusetshenziswa kwasendaweni. Ngokugcina isikhathi eside, amajikijolo alahlekelwa isethulo sawo ngenxa yokutholwa kwe-tint brown, kepha ukunambitheka kwawo akukuwohloki. Izinhlobonhlobo, ngokusho kwabalimi, zikufanelekela ukuthengiswa emakethe lapho zidingeka kakhulu.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi

Uma sihlaziya izici eziphambili nezakhiwo zamagilebhisi zaseCentennial, singakwazi ukwahlukanisa izinzuzo zako ezilandelayo:

• ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi;
• isivuno esizinzileyo;
• amaqoqo amakhulu;
• ukuntuleka kwe-peeling;
• amajikijolo amakhulu (ngezinhlobo ezingenazinbewu);
• ukunambitheka okuvumelanayo;
• ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwezivumelwano ngamajikijolo (isigaba sokuqala sokungabi nambewu);
• amajikijolo awaqhekeki;
• asikho isidingo sokushintsha isivuno ngama-inflorescence:
• amabhulashi angakwazi ukubambelela emahlaqweni kuya kusiqandisi;
• kusuka amajikijolo ungenza imidumba esezingeni eliphakeme;
• alonakalanga imichilo nezinyoni;
• ukubekelwa phansi okuhle kokusikwa nokusinda kwezithombo;
• ukuqala ngokushesha kokuzala;
• umvini onamandla wezitshalo ezixhunyelelwelwe uyakwazi ukugcina isikhundla esiqondile.

Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kunobunzima obukhona:

• umkhiqizo onganeleki (kuyadingeka ukukhuthaza ukwanda komkhiqizo);
• ukumelana nesithwathwa okuphezulu (kudinga indawo yokukhosela);
• ukumelana okuphakathi kwezifo zokukhunta;
• ukungazinzi kwezitshalo zezimpande ku-phylloxera;
• ukubonakala kwamabala ansundu kumajikijolo ngenxa yokuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga;
• ngokuhlala isikhathi eside ngamabhulashi ezihlahleni, isethulo silahlekile;
• ayikwazi ukuthutha ngokwanele.

Izici zobuchwepheshe bezolimo

Ezimfanelweni zalo zabathengi, omisiwe beCentennial banezinzuzo kuphela, kepha uma uyikhulisa ungabhekana nobunzima obuthile. Ukuthola isivuno esihle, udinga nje ukubheka ezinye zezici zalokhu okuhlukahlukene.

Ukufakelwa

Ukutshala amagilebhisi Century kungenzeka kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Indawo yokubeka indawo ikhethwe ngokukhanya okuhle nokufinyelela komoya mahhala. Awukwazi ukutshala amagilebhisi emithambekeni yasempumalanga nasenyakatho, ngoba kunengozi enkulu yokuqandeka komvini eziqandeni ezinzima. Uma isihlahla sihlelelwe ukutshalwa eduze kodonga kwanoma yisiphi isakhiwo, khona-ke lolu kufanele lube uhlangothi lwelanga. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuthi indawo ebanjayo ingagcotshwa ngokugcwala namanzi amponjwana.

Ubungako bemigodi ebanjwayo buya ngekhwalithi yenhlabathi. Uma inhlabathi isindayo, khona-ke imigodi yenziwa yafika ekujuleni kwama-80 cm nobukhulu obungu-60x80 cm.Kunenhlabathi ekhanyayo, ukujula okungama-60 cm nosayizi wama-40x40 cm. Ungqimba lwamanzi kufanele lubekwe ngaphansi komgodi. Ngemuva kwalokho ungqimba lomhlabathi ovundile luhlanganiswa ne-humus noma umquba. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ungeze umlotha wezinkuni kanye nomanyolo we-superphosphate.

Uma amagilebhin etshalwe ekwindla, khona-ke amabhakede amanzi ayi-1-2 athululelwa emigodini yokutshala bese ulinda lapho igxilile. Lapho-ke izimpande zesithombo ziyabulala amagciwane, zifakwe ku "speaker" wobumba, zibeke phansi, zifafazwe ngomhlaba nengxenye yomgodi bese uphinde uthele amabhakede wamanzi ayi-1-2. Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo, amanzi ajwayelekile, athululelwa phansi komgodi, athathelwa indawo ngamanzi ashisayo ukufudumeza inhlabathi, bese kuthi amanzi afudumele athululelwe emgodini ogcwele isigamu. Emva kwalokho, gcwalisa ngokuphelele umgodi ngomhlaba, uyihlabe bese wenza umgodi oseduze.

Ukunisela

Ngesikhathi sokukhula, amagilebhisi adinga ukuniselwa kanye njalo emavikini ama-2. Umswakama esitshalweni uyadingeka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhluma, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali nangesikhathi sokukhula nokugcwaliswa kwamajikijolo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali zomvini aziniselwa, ngoba lokhu kuholela ekuchitheni iziqu zezimbali.

Amagilebhisi aniselwa nganoma iyiphi yezindlela ezinikeza umswakama ngqo ezimpandeni, ngaphandle kokuthola esiqwini nasemacembe. Kunconywa izinhlobo ezimbili zokunisela - umhlabathi (i-drip noma emafulethini ngaphansi kwezihlahla) nangaphansi komhlaba (kusetshenziswa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokunisela). Ukunisela (kusuka kwi-hose ngaphezulu kwezihlahla) akusetshenziswa.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-Century ye-raisin ibekezelela kangcono ukuntuleka komswakama kunokungaphezulu kwayo. Umswakama ophezulu ungaholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo zokukhunta. Ukunisela ngokweqile kungadala izinkinga ngokuvuthwa kwemivini. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuthi ungavumeli ukugcwala kwamanzi, kanye nokondla izitshalo ngokufakwa komlotha.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Umanyolo we-organic kanye ne-mineral asetshenziswa ngokwesiko ukondla amagilebhisi. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Century azikho. Umanyolo we-organic (humus, umquba, umquba) usetshenziswa ekwindla kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Ukusuka kumanyolo wamaminerali, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-phosphoric ne-nitrogen entwasahlobo, kanye ne-potash ekwindla. Ungenza izinkuni zomlotha, eziqukethe i-potassium eningi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-gibberellin ukwandisa isivuno nosayizi wamajikijolo ochwepheshe beCentury Century akukanconywa. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu kuholela ekutshaleni kabi amajikijolo kanye nokwehla kwezithelo zezithombo ngonyaka olandelayo.

IGibberellin iyisikhuseli sokukhula esisuselwa kuma-phytohormones. Igama elihlanganisiwe leqembu elikhulu labalawuli bokukhula.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukubuyekezwa kwe-winegrowers abangaqinisekisi lo mbono. Babona umphumela omuhle walesi sidakamizwa ekwandiseni usayizi wamajikijolo lapho kufafazwa kabili (ngaphambi nangemva kokuqhakaza).

Ukubumba nokubumba

Amabibi angawakhe omisiwe weCentennial ahlukaniswa ngamandla aphezulu okukhula, ngenxa yalokho, adinga ukusekelwa okuqinile. Kungcono ukwakha izihlahla zokumboza ezikhula ngokuqinile ngendlela engenamdlandla, engenantambo nenani lemikhono kusuka kwabane kuya kwabayisishiyagalombili. Lokhu kuzobanika ukukhanya okuhle kanye nomoya omncane, kanye nokwenza lula inqubo yokufihla imikhono ebusika. I-Trellis isetshenziselwa ukwesekwa. Zingaba yindiza-eyodwa nezindiza ezimbili. Uma isihlahla sinemikhono emine, khona-ke i-trellis eyindiza eyodwa izokwanela, lapho kunemikhono eyisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili, kungcono ukufaka indiza emibili.

Lezihlahla ezihlanganisiwe zakha amahlumela aminyene anezimbobo ezimfushane, ngakho-ke zizinzile impela futhi, njengomthetho, azidingi ukuxhaswa.

Ukuze wandise isivuno salokhu okunhlobonhlobo, kunconywa ukuthathwa okude kwamahlumela, ngoba kwisisekelo sawo iso laso liphansi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abatshali bathola isivuno esiphakeme lapho bethena amehlo ayi-6-8. Ama-inflorescences ngokuvamile awenziwa ejwayelekile ngenxa yokuzala okuphansi kwamahlumela.

Musa ukujaha ukukhetha amahlamvu, ngoba ngenxa yokushisa elangeni eliqondile amajikijolo alahlekelwa isethulo. Uma, noma kunjalo, amajikijolo ehlushwa ilanga ngokweqile, kuyadingeka ukuwathunga ngamanetha.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

I-Kishmish Century ayimelani ngokwanele ezifweni zokukhunta, ngakho-ke izindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile ezimbili noma ezintathu ezinama-fungicides ngesikhathi sokukhula zingahle zinganele. Izitshalo zingadinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Izinhlobonhlobo zisengozini enkulu yokutholwa, okuthinta kancane i-oidium. Iyamelana ne-grey bola. Abatshali bamagilebhisi bayabona ukuthi lokhu akuyona inhlobonhlobo engashaywa mkhuba lapho isikhulile.

Kwezinambuzane, ukuzwela okukhulu kuboniswa ku-phylloxera yamaqabunga. Lolu hlobo lwe-aphid lungadala umonakalo omkhulu kumagilebhisi. Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela ephumelelayo yokulwa nalolu gciwane. Ama-aphid anomjikelezo oyinkimbinkimbi wentuthuko, lapho kwakheka khona izinhlobo zawo ezihlukene, ezithinta izimpande, umvini namaqabunga.

Igalari yezithombe: Izimpande ezithintekile ze-phylloxera, umvini namaqabunga

Ukulwa ne-phylloxera kunzima kakhulu. Uma ukutheleleka kwe-aphid sekwenzekile, khona-ke ama-foci athintekile abhujiswa kusetshenziswa i-carbon disulfide, ebonakala ngokuguquguquka nokuvuvukala. Akuthinti i-phylloxera kuphela, kepha futhi kubulala nezihlahla zamagilebhisi.

I-Phyloxera iyinkinga yomhlaba wonke ye-viticulture.

SH.G. TOPOPALE, K.Ya.DADU

I-Winemaking and Viticulture, 5, 2007

Nge-prophylaxis emelana namaqanda ebusika, baphathwa nge-5-6% emulsion ye-carbolineum. Entwasahlobo, ngokumelene nefomu lamaqabunga, i-phylloxera ingafafazwa nge-emulsions yamafutha nge-lindane. Le emulsions ayilimazi izihlahla, imivini, isiqu namaqabunga, kepha ayiqinisekisi ukuvikelwa okuphelele ngokumelene nenkathazo.

Ukuvimbela le phid eyingozi ekunqobeni isivini, ochwepheshe baluleka ukuthi ukutshala izihlahla zamagilebhisi zaseCentennial, njengakwezinye izinhlobo ezingenambewu zaseMelika, emasheya amelana ne-phyloxera. Isilinganiso esisebenza kahle kakhulu sokulawula i-phylloxera ukuxhunyezwa kokusikwa kwamagilebhisi kwisiphunzi se-phylloxera.

Kwezinye izinambuzane zamagilebhisi kumagilebhisi Century akubonwa njenge-hypersensitivity.

IGileyadi Century yanconywa kakhulu ngenxa yocwaningo lwabasebenzisi ababhalisiwe esithangamini sendawo //vinograd.info/, owaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali be wayini. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kufanele kubhekwe, naphezu kokushiyeka okuthile. Isipiliyoni esisebenzayo sibonisa ukuthi, ngokulandela izincomo ezithile, lokhu kushiyeka kungabhekwana ngempumelelo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, isivuno esikhulu somagilebhisi asezingeni eliphakeme singatholakala.

Ukubuyekezwa

Isihlahla uqobo lwaso sithela izithelo ngonyaka wesibili. Sekuvele kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele izici zezinhlobonhlobo: 1. Amandla amakhulu okukhula. Akunjalo ukuthi i-Red Enthusiasm noma u-Augustine (ngokwesibonelo) ame eduzane. 2. Amaqoqo amakhulu: cishe 1.5-2,5 kg. Kwelinye lozins ukuqina kwesithupha kwesokunxele amahlandla ama-2 wokuhlolwa - kudonsa ngokujwayelekile. 3. Amajikijolo ayalinganiswa, peas awekho ngokuphelele. 4. Iqoqo likaminyene impela, kepha aligxeki. Kodwa-ke, yini eyethusayo: 5. Ngonyaka odlule, yize umthwalo wemvelo wawumncane kakhulu, i-nutmeg ayizange ilinde. Lo nyaka amajikijolo abukeka futhi anambitha cishe avuthiwe. Noma kunjalo, akusekho i-muscat (ngixwayisa ukuphawula okungenzeka: akukho ukulayisha ngokweqile kwesilimo). Ngize ngilahle ithemba, ngiyalinda. 6. Ngaphandle kwesheduli elilungile lezokwelapha eziqeqeshiwe, lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo (ezinenhlanhla) encane (yezinhlobo) ezincane eziye zamangala noma sezivuthiwe impela kumaviki adlule (futhi lokhu kungenazo izimvula). Ngisusa ukubola, ngithathe izinyathelo, ngifeze umgomo wakho. 7. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda semithi yokwelapha esebenzayo ezinyangeni ezi-2 zokuqala zehlobo, amahlamvu athinteka yi-anthracnose ne-isikhutha, ngokusobala ngenhla kwesilinganiso esivamile esivinini. Amajikijolo, noma kunjalo, amsulwa ngokuphelele.

UVladimir Poskonin

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Kulonyaka, isihlahla sasichuma ku-chernozem, empeleni kwakukhona umswakama ophakathi nendawo, ongenakuqhathaniswa nobunzima, ubaba wayene-muscat kulokho okwenziwe ngesihlabathi, kodwa babuthakathaka kakhulu, kodwa ngonyaka odlule bekungenjalo, mhlawumbe ukushiswa okungajwayelekile konyaka odlule. Nge- "tan" - hhayi ngempela ... Lokhu mhlawumbe ukuphela kokuphawuleka kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kokutshala izimboni. Kulo nyaka, amajikijolo angavikelekile elangeni eliqondile ambozwe ngothayela “olungeyona imakethe” (isithombe esiya eyunivesithi). Kungakuhle ukuthi ungazivezi kakhulu izimbali zomuntu esihlahleni noma usenze umthunzi, ngokwesibonelo nge-agrofibre emhlophe, kahle, noma njengoba uStranishevskaya asho - kulungile ukugcina umqhele wesihlahla! Ngaphandle kwalokho, ushukela ku-berry uyakhula, futhi intengo yawo iyawa.

USergey Gagin

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Ngokwe-rattle yami etholakalayo kuze kube manje, okungcono kakhulu. Ngokubukeka, ukunambitheka, ukuthengiswa - ngaphandle komncintiswano. Isidumbu - Ngingathanda ukuqina okwengeziwe (ngine-oidium eyanele) kanye nemivini yokuvuthwa, konke akukuhle, noma ngabe i-oidium ibingahambanga kuphi. Angisafuni ukubheka amaminithi futhi, ngoba kunamaplang amaningi. Ngithanda kakhulu ukunambitheka, kulo nyaka okokuqala bekukhona i-natimeg - ethambile, ethambile, enjengokuthi ngiyithanda (ngisho ngo-Okthoba ngiyizwile). Ukubukeka ngaphandle kokuphawula- _ _, I-odi ayizange isetshenziswe, kepha kungani idingeka lapha. Ukuthengisa njengamakhekhe ashisayo (setha inani eliphakeme kakhulu lokulengiswa - akwenziwanga kahle). Ngakho-ke engeza bese uncoma.

Anatoly S.

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ISenteel sidlis inemivini ekhuluphayo kakhulu, ngakho-ke akufanele njalo imivini esemqoka ishiywe ukuze ibe nezithelo, kepha kungcono ukudlulisela emvinini wokuqala we-stepson wesitshalo. Ezimweni zami, kudonsa futhi ukugcwala ngokweqile ngokuvuthwa okugcwele komvini kanye nokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo maphakathi no-Agasti. Emvinini okhuluphayo, ngokuthena okufushane, amabhungane awahlali atshalwa, futhi uma atshaliwe, ayaqhubeka nokukhuluphisa imivini, kodwa hhayi amaqembu. Udinga ukulayishwa ngokugcwele, ibanga lisebenza kanzima.

Irich I.V.

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Ngifuna ukufingqa okuningana okwashiwo nokuthi kubonwe phambilini. Okubi okubalulekile kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene yile (ngokuncipha kokuhleleka kokubaluleka): 1) ukuthambekela kokuthinteka ukulunywa, ngenxa yalokho ukukhula kwamahlumela kubambezeleke kakhulu eminyakeni ethile (kulo nyaka benginesithombe esinjalo - bheka isithombe); 2) ukumelana okuphansi kwezifo zokukhunta; 3) ukungabonakali (ngokusho kweningi lamalungu esithangami nabathengi) amabala okushunqa ngenxa yokushiswa yilanga; 4) ukumelana nesithwathwa okuphansi. Ngikholwa ukuthi lokhu kushiyeka kubhekwe ngokuphelele yizimpawu ezinhle: ukunambitheka okuphezulu nezimpawu ezibonakalayo zamajikijolo namaqhubu, ukumelana kwamajikijolo nokuqhekeka, izinhlobonhlobo zobuchwepheshe obuphakeme (ngisekela umbono ka-A. A. Karpova). Kulokhu okungenhla, ngizofaka okunye ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu kweqabunga, i-pagon, inqwaba, isihlahla njengawo wonke umthwalo futhi ngaphandle kwawo. Ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu bezolimo buyisihluthulelo salokhu okuhlukahlukene.

Andriy Brisovich

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Ksh century. etshalwe ngo-2012, yakhula ngokufanele, kepha yavuthwa kabi kwathi ngonyaka we-2013 yaxosha ama-buds ambalwa kuphela lapho amasignali amaningana aboshwe khona, yashiya konke kahle futhi kulungile, ngoba ngisho nangomthwalo isihlahla sikhombisa amandla amakhulu okukhula. Wakhipha imivini emide futhi eminyene, kanti ama-internode asezimpondweni eziphambili ahlala efana nalawo asesithombeni (amasentimitha ambalwa), okuthi, njengoba ngikuqonda kahle, abonakali kuphela kulo "Melika ". Kodwa-ke into esemqoka kwi-Century akuyona lokhu, kepha i-berry: ukungabikho ngokuphelele kweziqalo, usayizi, ukuma, umbala nokunambitheka ngempela, kuthandwe ngempela. Iqoqo lalincane, kepha lokhu kuyizimpawu kuphela. Lonyaka umvini uvuthwe ngokufanele, yize kungenjalo njengoba bengingathanda, kodwa noma kunjalo entwasahlobo, ngithemba ukuthi ngeke kube nezinkinga. Ngokuqina, vele, hhayi iqhawe, ngezindlela ezi-3 zokwelapha zazinezilonda, kepha kwakuyinkathi enjani. Ngihlelela ukuvuna futhi izihlahla eziningana entwasahlobo.

Anatoly S.

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Enye yezithelo zomile ezihamba phambili. Izithelo kithi iminyaka 4. Kuvuthwa ngo-Agasti 15-20. Ukuvunwa okuzinzile, kunamandla. Amajikijolo amahle anesisindo esingu-6-8 g, lapho kusetshenzwa i-HA 9-11, obukhulu, obomvu, onambitheka ngokuvumelanayo, i-nutmeg ekhanyayo ayikhona minyaka yonke. Emhlabathini onesihlabathi (ngizamile nabangane, isihlahla esivela ekusikeni kwethu) ukunambitheka kuhlukile kancane, inyama injengeminyene angikaze ngibe manzi. Kudinga ukwelashwa okungu-3, ​​kulo nyaka-4 kusuka ku-isikhutha, kusukela ku-oidium kwakuvame ukuphathwa isikhathi esingu-1, kuthi kulo nyaka elinye lamabhushi elibanjiwe, kudinga izindlela zokwelapha ezi-2, i-lesions ser. kwakungekho ukubola. Ibambelela kumakhaza! ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka futhi kuthinteka kancane yi-wasps

Eliseevs

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Muva nje, kube nentshisekelo ekhulayo yamagilebhisi angenazithelo. Abaningi bafuna ukuyikhulisa endaweni yabo. Amagilebhisi Century - inhlobonhlobo edidayo, ayikwazi ukubizwa ukuthi ayinambulelo, kepha futhi ayisebenzi ikakhulukazi ngokungathandeki. Lokhu kuyipulasitiki efanelekile futhi ephendula ukusetshenziswa kwamasu ahlukahlukene wemishini yezolimo ehlukahlukene. Njengoba unikezwe zonke izici zayo, kuzojabulisa isivuno esihle. Lokhu, kunjalo, kuzodingeka imizamo eyengeziwe, kepha lapho ihlathi selimbozwa ngemichilo emibalabala bese amajikijolo ethelwa ngojusi ovuthiwe, kuzocaca ukuthi umsebenzi awuzange wachitha.