Ukukhula ugarlic omuhle kulula. Kepha ngokwephula imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, kuvame ukuhlaselwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinambuzane. Yize iqiniso lokuthi isibalo sabo sikhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi ulwe nabo, kepha kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele futhi ukhombe ngesikhathi ukuthi ngubani ngempela okufanele abhujiswe.
Izilokazane Garlic
Izinambuzane ezigayiwe azinangozi nje kuphela. Ngaphezu kokulimaza nokubhubhisa amaqabunga namakhanda, izinambuzane eziningi zithwala izifo. Ukulwa nezifo kunzima ngandlela thile kunezinambuzane, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukuvumela ukusabalala kwabo emibhedeni yegalikhi.
Ugwayi uhlehla
Ama-thrips ayisinambuzane esincane esiphuzi noma esinsundu, sifinyelela kubude obuyi-1 mm kuphela. Ngemuva kokuba izinsikazi zibekele amaqanda azo ezicutshini ezithambile zezitshalo (zivame ukushiya, hhayi igalikhi nje kuphela), ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, kuvela izibungu ezivela kubo. Zidla ngamajusi wezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, zibancela bobabili ngamaqabunga nakwa-inflorescence. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ugarliki buthaka, uyeke ukukhula, futhi ngokusakazeka okunamandla kwesibulala-zinambuzane, singafa. Ukuthola inkathazo kulula.
Ama-thrips alimaza imifino eminingi nezitshalo eziqhakazayo, ugalikhi nawo umehluko
Uhambo cishe luqinisekisiwe ukuthi lungaveli uma kubhekwa ukujikeleziswa kwesitshalo esifanele, imibhede iyahlanzwa ukhula nemfucumfucu yesitshalo ngesikhathi. Usaba iphunga lezaqathi, okufanele litshalwe eduze kwegalikhi. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinyathelo ezilula, ukusakazeka kwalesi sinambuzane kuvinjelwa ukwelashwa kokutshala ngezinto ezinamanzi ashisayo (amazinyo agcinwa imizuzu engama-8-10 emanzini ngokushisa okungaba ngu-45 mayelanaC, emva kwalokho bacwiliswa emanzini abandayo).
Uma ama-thrips avela, angabhujiswa ukumnika kwe-celandine. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gcwalisa ibhakede ngotshani, ugcwalise ngamanzi ashisayo bese umi izinsuku ezingama-2, bese uhlunga bese ufafaza izitshalo ngalokhu ukumnika. Amakhemikhali amaningi, anjengeVermitek, Actellik, Karate, njll, enza ngokushesha okukhulu. Kufanele asetshenziswe ngokuya ngemiyalo, kepha ngoba kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esiningi ukuqoqa ugalikhi, akufanele wesabe kakhulu imiphumela “yamakhemikhali” esithelweni, kepha kufanele uqaphele lapho ufafaza ngokucophelela kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, umuthi i-Vermitek, osuselwa kwelexanderosisin, ubangela ukukhubazeka esikhungweni senkathazo, bese uqala ukwenza into ngalo kanye usuku olulandelayo. Ukwelashwa okungama-2-3 kuyadingeka ngokuphumula kwezinsuku ezingama-5-7; ukulungiselela isixazululo, u-5 ml wesidakamizwa uxutshwe ku-10 l wamanzi. Kodwa-ke, lo muthi awunabungozi kuma-thrips nezinye izinambuzane kuphela: kubantu kungokwesigaba sengozi yesi-2, ngakho-ke, izindlela zokuqapha uma usebenza naso zisho ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kwe-respirator kanye nezingubo ezinjalo ezogezwa ngokushesha. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngokuya ngemiyalo yomuthi, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4 ngemuva kokuwusebenzisa, ungavuna. Imininingwane efanayo isebenza kwezinye izidakamizwa eziphawuliwe, noma izinto ezisebenzayo ekwakhekeni kwazo zihlukile. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kokulungiswa kweKarate kuqukethe ingozi eyingozi kubantu (isigaba se-3 sengozi) i-lambda-cygalothrin, kanye ne-Actellika - i-pyrimiphos methyl (iklasi lesibili), nokho, umphumela wazo kwizilwanyane kanye nesikhathi sokuphuma komsebenzi wesandla cishe .
I-anyanisi indiza
Impukane ye-anyanisi inkulu kakhulu, cishe i-1 cm, inombala grey, izibungu zayo zimhlophe. Kubonakala sekwephuzile kwentwasahlobo, kubeka amaqanda ngaphansi kwesitshalo sikagalikhi kanye no-anyanisi: phansi kwamaqabunga noma ngqo emhlabathini. Izibungu ezihlafunwe ngemuva kwesonto azilimazi amaqabunga: ngokushesha zingena ngaphakathi kwamazinyo asemncane bese ziwaququda. Ngenxa yalokhu, amakhanda wegalikhi ayathambisa futhi abole.
I-anyanisi fly ifana nempukane evamile ecasulayo
Ukubonakala kwempukane kuvinjelwa amasu afanayo nalawo okuyi-thrips. Umphumela omuhle wokuvimbela unikezwa izindlela zabantu. Isibonelo, izitshalo zothuli ezinenhlanganisela eyomile yothuli lwegwayi, umlotha wezinkuni kanye nopelepele womhlabathi. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kusiza ukuthulula ugarliki ngamanzi kasawoti (ingilazi kasawoti kasetafuleni ebhakedeni lamanzi). Uma uphinda inqubo ngemuva kwamanye amasonto angama-2-3, impukane kungenzeka ukuthi ivele. Uma kwenzeka kutholakala izibungu, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinambuzane ngokushesha, ngokwesibonelo, njenge-Spark, Inta-Vir noma i-Aktara.
Isibonelo, into esebenzayo yokulungiselela kwe-Inta-Virus yi-cypermethrin, ebhekisela kuma-insecticides - pyrethroids. Kwizitshalo, akubeki ingozi, kepha kulimaza izinambuzane ezingathandeki futhi kunenzuzo, ngakho-ke kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha. Ngokuqondene nabantu, kukhulunywa ngezinto zesigaba sesithathu sezingozi. Ukulungiselela isixazululo, ithebhulethi iyoncibilika ebhakedeni lamanzi, uchithe izifutho ezi-2-3 zokuphumula emavikini ama-2. Ukuvunwa kungavunwa emavikini ama 2 ngemuva kokucutshungulwa.
Ezinye izidakamizwa ezinikezwe nazo zenza ngendlela efanayo. Isibonelo, ukwakheka kwe-Spark Double effect yezinambuzane, ngaphezu kwe-cypermethrin, kufaka i-permethrin, ekhulisa umphumela we-pyrethroid yokuqala. Kepha kwamanye amalungiselelo omugqa we-Iskra, ukwakheka kungahluka: ngokwesibonelo, iGolden Spark "isebenza" ngenxa ye-imidacloprid, ngenxa yalokho ukubukwa kwayo kwesenzo kubanzi ngandlela-thile, kanti iSpark M isidakamizwa esuselwa ku-karbofos. I-Actara equkethe izinambuzane ze-thiamethoxam nayo iyingozi ebantwini. Ezimweni eziningi, ukulufafaza ngesisombululo kwenziwa kanye noma kabili (ngesikhawu samasonto onke), ukwakheka kwezixazululo ezisebenzayo nezindlela zokulungiselela kwazo kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe kuphakheji.
I-anyanisi inundu
Lesi butterfo esincane esinsundu esinsundu esinamaphiko afinyelela ku-14 mm. Ihlala ekuqaleni kwehlobo phakathi kwamaqabunga egalikhi namaqanda anyanisi aphuzi alikhulu kuno-0,4 mm ngosayizi, lapho kuvela khona amacimbi aphuzi aluhlaza. Imisebe yokukhanya okude noma amabala wesimo esingajwayelekile emaqabungeni kungumphumela womsebenzi wamacimbi. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga abuna futhi afe, sonke isitshalo siba buthaka. Zisebenza ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esomile. Izinyathelo zokulawula amabhu zimayelana nezimpukane zika-anyanisi. Phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezisebenza kakhulu, ngaphezu kweSpark noma i-Actara, i-Fastak ingaphawulwa. Kususelwa ku-alpha-cypermethrin (isigaba se-2nd sengozi kubantu), ukufafazwa kabili kuyadingeka ekuphumeni kwezinsuku eziyi-10.
Ngakho-ke, uma lolu daba lungahambanga kakhulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa iSpark esijwayelekile esiyingozi, uqeda ithebhulethi ebhakedeni lamanzi. Kuliqiniso, manje ama-insecticides amaningi anamagama afanayo ayathengiswa (I-Spark-bio, Spark Double effect, Gold Spark, njll.), Kepha umphumela wawo uyafana, udinga nje ukufunda ngokucophelela kwiphakheji ukuthi ungalungisa kanjani ikhambi ngendlela efanele, futhi futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingaki ukuphinda ukwelashwa.
I-anyanisi inundu - izinambuzane ezinamacimbi okuqothula izimpaphe zalo u-anyanisi negalikhi
Garlic nematode
INematode isibungu esincane esimhlophe esincane esidla ujusi wegalikhi. Kukhona ama-nematode amaningi, futhi ku-garlic kuphela kunezinhlobo ezintathu: isiqu, inyongo kanye nezimpande. Lesi sakamuva sihlala enhlabathini, sigebha amakhanda ezitshalo ezincane, kunzima ukusithola ngesikhathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, isikali siyakhululeka, namakhanda asekhanda. I-nematode yenyongo yakha ukuvuvukala okuncane ezimpandeni, ngenxa yalokho, nayo ayizivezi ngokushesha. Isiqu sitholakala amabala ansundu emaqabungeni, ngenxa yalokho izimpaphe zawo zonakalisiwe.
Ama-nematode ahlala engadini uyakwazi ukushiya umlimi ngaphandle kwesitshalo
Lapho kuvela ama-nematode, kufanele alwe ngokushesha, futhi ugalikhi akufanele utshale kule ndawo iminyaka engu-4-5. Inhlabathi ngemuva kokuvunwa iniselwa ngesisombululo se-formalin (1:25), ichitha uhhafu wamabhakede nge-1 m2 futhi uthathe zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha. Ukuma komhlaba ngokwawo kungasindiswa ngenombolo encane yezinambuzane. Ukusuka ezindleleni zabantu, umhluzi kagwayi usetshenzisiwe (0.5 g wothuli lwegwayi ngebhakede lamanzi, elibilisiwe amahora ama-2, lihlanjululwe ngesigamu ngemuva kokupholisa) noma i-decoction yezimpande ze-calendula (0.5 kg ngebhakede lamanzi, elibilisiwe imizuzu eyi-15, selehlile). Lezi infusions afafazwa izitshalo nomhlabathi.
Ngeshwa, ngokubukeka kwesinambuzane okuningi, cishe akunakwenzeka ukusindisa isivuno, futhi amakhemikhali aqinile ngeke asize. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka ukuphatha ingadi kahle ekwindla, futhi izinto zokutshala entwasahlobo kumele zingcweliswe. Ngisho ukufaka amazinyo emanzini emini kunganciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka. Kodwa ukucubungula kwabo kuthembeke ngokwengeziwe kusixazululo se-potassium permanganate (usuku ngesixazululo se-pink). Kunezincomo mayelana nokwelashwa kwamazinyo nge-formalin, kepha kudingeka ukuqapha lapho kulungiswa ikhambi. Iyatholakala ngesimo sesisombululo se-40%, futhi idinga ukuthi ihlanjululwe kakhulu: inani eliphezulu lokuthola amagciwane kokutshala okungu-0.5%, okungukuthi, kufanele lihlanjululwe izikhathi ezingama-80-100. Ekutshaleni imifino yezimboni, le nqubo isetshenziswa kabanzi, kepha emizini yangasese kungcono ukuzikhawulela ku-potanganum permanganate.
Umaki wegallic
I-tick ingenye yezivakashi ezivame kakhulu kugalikhi, kepha ingaziveza engadini kuphela, kodwa futhi nangemva kwalokho, lapho igcina imikhiqizo. Lesi isidalwa esincane kakhulu, cishe esingu-0,2 mm, esinemilenze emine, simhlophe ngombala. Kunzima kakhulu ukuyithola, kepha imiphumela yokusebenza kwayo iyaziwa: lezi zingama-phuzi aphuzi atholakele emakhanda abantu abadala ngaphansi kwesikali esomile. Izinsikazi zigcina amaqanda amancane kakhulu ehlobo emaqabungeni egalikhi, futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa umsebenzi onesihluku wesizukulwane esisha usuqalile.
Ngokwanda, umkhaza ufana ne-jellyfish
Njengoba umkhaza uhlala hhayi emhlabathini kuphela, kodwa futhi nasemakhanda amadala, ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo ngaphambi kokutshala kanye nokubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele kuyimpoqo. Ukuphumelela ukusilawula ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesitshalo kuyangabaza kakhulu, yize ukuba khona kwesilokazana akunzima ukucacisa: uma ngabe likhona emazinyweni, khona-ke amaqabunga angakhula ekuqaleni ayindilinga. Ama-insecticides ajwayelekile awasebenzi kumikhaza; abulawa ama-acaricides enzelwe ukulwa imikhaza. Ngakho-ke, izidakamizwa ze-Actofit noma ze-Actoverm ziyasebenza, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, yize zingezemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo, kubantu zinesigaba se-3 sobuthi (obunobungozi obukhulu).
Isenzo sale mishanguzo sisuselwa ekuvimbeleni uhlelo lwezinambuzane, ukufa kwabo okuphelele kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2. Ukulungiselela isixazululo esisebenzayo, i-4 ml ye-Actofit ichithwa ilitha linye lamanzi, kwenziwa izindlela ezimbili zokwelapha zesikhathi ngasinye. Ngokuyinhloko, into esebenzayo kuwo womabili la malungiselelo yi-aversectin C - indawo efanayo njengaseFitoverm. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga izidakamizwa esitolo, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela imiyalo bese uqhathanisa amanani.
Ama-aphid
Ama-aphid ayaziwa kakhulu kubalimi, ngoba lokhu kungenye yezitha ezande kakhulu zamasiko amaningi. Ngaphandle kokuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-aphid, abukeka ecishe afane; izinyathelo ezifanayo zokulwa nazo. Ama-aphid ahlala ahlala emaqabungeni amancane, kepha abese edlulela nakwabanye, akha amakoloni wonke. Ngenkathi, izizukulwane eziningi ziyaguquka, futhi ngayinye idla kumajusi ezitshalo. Amaqabunga egalikhi abasha, alimala yi-aphid, agoba, futhi ajwayele ukugula, ngoba ama-aphid angabekezelela amagciwane ezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Njengezinye izitshalo zemifino, ama-aphid kogarliki akha amakoloni wonke
Kuyamangaza ngasikhathi sinye ukuthi igalikhi labantu abadala uqobo liyikhambi elihle lama-aphid kwezinye izitshalo.
Ngenhlanhla, ukususa ama-aphid egalikhi abasha kulula. Kunezindlela eziningi zemithi yabantu (i-mustard powder, i-soda, uthuli lukagwayi, umlotha wezinkuni, njll.), Kepha uma ngabe usephuze futhi amakhambi anjalo engasizi, ungasebenzisa amakhemikhali angena ngamakhemikhali (ngokwesibonelo, i-Inta-Vir noma i-Fufanon) ekutshaleni okuncane khohlwa ngalesi sifo. I-Fufanon, equkethe i-organophosphorus ntho malathion, ayisebenzi kangako kune-Inta-Vir, futhi ithinta abantu cishe ngezinga elifanayo, ngakho-ke akufanele uyisebenzise ngaphandle kwesidingo esingadingekile. Uma i-aphid inqobile, i-10 ml ye-emulsion iyachithwa ebhakedeni lamanzi futhi izitshalo ziyafafazwa. Sekukonke, akusekho ukwelashwa okungaphezu kwe-2 okwenziwa ngesizini eyodwa, amaviki amathathu edlule ngaphambi kokuvunwa.
Ividiyo: Izilokazane eziphambili zikagalikhi
Ukuvimbela Izinambuzane
Izilokazane zegalikhi ezivame kakhulu noma zingaphansi kakhulu ekusebenzeni zibhalwe ngaphezulu. Akulula ukulwa nawo wonke umuntu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuzama ukungazivumeli ukuba zivele. Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, isilinganiso esibaluleke kakhulu sokuvimbela ukukhethwa ngokucophelela nokulungiselela ngaphambi kokutshala amazinyo okutshala. Ukugcinwa kwesilimo esifanele kubalulekile futhi, kanti ngisho nezinambuzane ezixazululwe emakhanda azonakalisi ngokushesha igalikhi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokuvimbela izinambuzane zimi ngokulandelayo.
- Ukujikeleza okulungile kwezilimo: umbhede wegalikhi ubuyiselwa endaweni yawo yokuqala kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-4-5, futhi okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngalesi sikhathi kufanelekile ukuhlwanyela izaqathe kule ndawo.
- Ukuhlanzwa ngokuphelele kwezinsalela zezitshalo ngemuva kokuvuna ngokumba kwengadi. Ukubulala amagciwane kwenhlabathi nge-zethusi sulfate noma i-potanganum permanganate (izixazululo ze-0,0-0,2%) kufiseleka kakhulu, futhi uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kwendawo nge-formalin (isixazululo se-0.5-1%).
- Ukukhishwa okufika ngesikhathi kwemibhede kokhula: Izinambuzane eziningi ekuqaleni zihlala otshanini obuluhlaza obuncane.
- Ukondla ngesikhathi sikagalikhi: izitshalo eziqinile zimelana kangcono nezenzo zezinambuzane.
- Ukususa amahlumela amaningi egalikhi engadini, okuvelile ngenxa yokwabiwa okungahleliwe kwembewu: ezindaweni engadini kusiza ukugcina izitshalo eziningana zikagalikhi, kepha amahlumela angalawulwa angaba yisisekelo sezifo nezinambuzane.
Ividiyo: ukuvimbela izifo nezinambuzane zikagalikhi
Akuzona zonke izinambuzane zikagalikhi ezilula ukuzilawula, ngakho-ke ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kwazo kubaluleke kakhulu. Lezi yizinyathelo ezilula okuhloswe ngazo ukuhlanzeka esizeni nasendaweni yokugcina izinto, kanye nasekwenzeni izinto zokutshala zingasebenzi. Kepha uma izinambuzane zitholakala engadini, kufanele ziqale masinyane ukulwa.
